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新人教版高中英語必修3Unit 4 Space Exploration-Listening&Speaking＆Talking教學設計二
The themes of this part are “Talk about how to become an astronaut” and “Talk about life in space”. As Neil Armstrong said “Mystery creates wonder and wonder is the basis of man’s desire to understand. Space is difficult for human to reach, therefore, humans are full of wonders about it. However, if wanting to achieve the dream of reaching the Moon, some of our human should work hard to be an astronaut at first. Part A(Talk about how to become an astronaut) is a radio interview in a radio studio, where the host asked the Chinese astronauts about his story how to become an astronaut. Yang Liwei told his dreamed to be an astronaut since childhood. Then he worked hard to get into college at 22. The next 10 years, he gradually became an experienced pilot. At the same time, to be an astronaut, he had to study hard English, science and astronomy and trained hard to keep in good physical and mental health and to practise using space equipment. Part B (Talk about life in space) is also an interview with the astronaut Brown, who is back on the earth. The host Max asked about his space life, such as his emotion about going back the earth, the eating, shower, brushing, hobbies and his work. Part A and Part B are interviews. So expressing curiosity about the guests’ past life is a communicative skill, which students should be guided to learn.1. Students can get detailed information about how Yang Liwei became an astronaut and Max’s space life.2. Students learn to proper listening strategy to get detailed information---listening for numbers and taking notes.3. Students can learn related sentences or phrases to express their curiosity like “ I wish to know...” “I’d love to know...”4. Students can learn more about the space and astronauts, even be interested in working hard to be an astronaut
新人教版高中英語必修3Unit 4 Space Exploration-Reading and Thinking教學設計二
The theme of this unit focuses on “space exploration.” Students will learn about the training and experience needed to become an astronaut. The text is mainly about the development of space exploration. On the one hand, the text helps students to have a good understanding about the great feats humans have achieved, on the other hand, they will further understand the contributions that we Chinese have achieved, and feel confident and proud about our homeland and strengthen their love for our country. The teacher should instruct students to aim high and study harder to make great progress in the space career if possible.1. Read about the development and value of space exploration.2. Explore the mysteries of the universe and the achievements in space exploration.3. Skillfully use the vocabulary of this text to cultivate self-study ability 4. Develop cooperative learning ability through discussion.1. Enable the Ss to talk about the development and value of space exploration.2. Guide the Ss to summarize the main idea of each paragraph as well as the main idea of the text.3. Help Ss comprehend the main reasons for space exploration. Multi-media, textbook, notebooks.Step 1: Warming up and predictionLook at the title and the pictures of the text and predict what the text will be about?2. What are the main reasons for space exploration?
新人教版高中英語必修3Unit 4 Space Exploration-Reading and Thinking教學設計一
Q4: What is the function of the International exploration ?Having astronauts from different countries on boardQ5: What can you learn from Para 4 ?China has made great achievements in exploring spaceQ6: What is the attitude to the space exploration ?SupportiveStep 6 Post reading---RetellPeople have always wanted to learn more about space. Before the mid-20th century, most people felt (1)_________ (travel) into space was an impossible dream. However, (2)____ the help of scientists, peoplesucceeded in realizing their dream (3) _________ (explore) space. On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite (4) ____________(launch) by the USSR. (5) ________________ scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen. These disasters made everyone(6)___________(disappoint), but people still believe in the importance of (7) ________(carry) on space exploration. In 2003, China became the third country to (8)_____________ (independent) send humans into space. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed (9)____ second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk. In spite of the difficulties, scientists hope future (10)__________ (discovery) will not only enable us to understand the universe but also help us survive well into the future.Answers: 1. travelling 2. with 3. to explore 4. was launched 5. Although6. disappointed 7. carrying 8. independently 9. a 10. discoveriesStep 6 Post reading---Critical thinkingQ1: What do you think of the space exploration ? I think it is beneficial to us. Through further study of space, people will make full use of it in the future, such as the space experiments by Wang Yaping in Tian Gong 1.Q2: If you are determined to be an astronaut, what should you prepare at present ?First of all, I should study hard to get a related college degree. Besides, I must keep mental and physical healthy.Step 7. HomeworkTry to summarize the structure of the article by a mind map.
新人教版高中英語必修3Unit 4 Space Exploration-Reading for Writing教學設計二
⑦在我看來, 探索太空是值得的。As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space.Step 10 Writing---draftRecently, students in our class have had heated a discussion on whether space is worth exploring. Students hold different ideas about it.30% of us think space exploration is not worthwhile. They think space is too far away from us and our daily life and is a waste of money. And the money spent on space exploration can be used to solve the earth’s problems such as starvation and pollution.On the other hand，70% think space is worth exploring because we have benefited a lot from it，such as using satellites for communication and weather forecast. What’s more，with further space research，we may solve the population problem by moving to other planets one day. Also，space research will enable us to find new sources to solve the problem of energy shortages on the earth.As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space. Not only can it promote the development of society but also enrich our life. Step 11 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1.Does the writer explain why he/she changed/wanted to change?2.Does the writer tell how the changes have improved or will improve his/her life?3.Is the text well－organised?4.Does the writer use words and expressions to show similarities and differences?5.Are there any grammar or spelling errors?6.Does the writer use correct punctuation？
新人教版高中英語必修3Unit 4 Space Exploration-Reading For Writing教學設計一
另一方面，其余的人反對這個計劃，因為它可能會導致一些不好的影響。7.I hold the belief that space exploration not only enable us to understand how the universe began but also help us survived well into the future.我堅信探索太空不僅能夠使我們了解宇宙的起源而且能夠幫助我們更好地走進未來。8.I think we should spend more time and money exploring space so as to provide new and better solutions to people's shortterm and longterm problems.為了給人類的短期和長期問題提供更新和更好的解決方法，我認為我們應該花更多的時間和金錢來探索太空。9．From my point of view，it is wrong of young people to depend on their telephones too much，which may do harm to both their physical and mental health.在我看來，年輕人過度依賴手機是不對的，因為它們可能會對他們的身心健康都有害。最近你班同學就“人類是否應該進行宇宙探索”這個問題進行了激烈的討論。有人認為，探索宇宙不僅讓人類更好地了解宇宙的發(fā)展，還可以用來指導農業(yè)生產，以及把一些探索太空的高新技術用于現實生活；也有一些人認為探索太空花掉了大量的人力物力；影響了人們的生活水平。請你根據以下情況寫一篇報告并發(fā)表自己的觀點。注意：1.寫作內容應包括以上全部要點，可適當發(fā)揮，使上下文連貫；
新人教版高中英語必修3Unit 5 The Value of Money- Discovering Useful Structure教學設計
Step 3 Meaning1. 過去將來時表示從過去某一時間來看將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài), 常用在賓語從句中。一般由“would/should +動詞原形”構成。She hoped that they would meet again someday. 她希望將來有一天他們能再見面。2. was/were going to+動詞原形: 表示過去將要發(fā)生或很有可能發(fā)生的動作, 常用于口語中, 表示預言、意圖或者打算等。He was going to start work the following week. 他打算下星期開始工作。3. was/were about to do: 常用來表示即將發(fā)生的動作, “剛要/正要做……”。注意該結構不與任何時間狀語連用。I felt that something terrible was about to happen. 我感到某種可怕的事情即將發(fā)生。4.was/were to do: 表示“曾計劃做某事”, 如果表示“本來計劃做某事, 動作沒實現”, 則需用 “was/were to have done”。She said she was to have told me about the accident. 她說她本來想告訴我關于事故的事。5.Start, go, come, leave, see, meet等動詞的過去進行時: 表示就過去某一時刻而言即將發(fā)生的動作。She was coming later. 她隨后就來。I had just put on my overcoat and was leaving to visit a friend of mine. 我剛穿上外套要去看我的一個朋友。
新人教版高中英語必修3Unit 5 The Value of Money-Listening &Speaking＆Talking教學設計
4. A：We’d like to have someone to say a word at the beginning to welcome the group.B：↙Who?A：We thought that you or Dr.Johnson might do it.B用降調說Who，其意思是問，對方想讓誰在開場時致歡迎詞。Step 6 Pronunciation---Practice1. Listen to the short conversation and mark the intonation with ↗, ↙ or ↙, ↗. Then discuss with a partner what they intend to convey by using different intonation.Owner: You know what ?↗ It’s a million-pound bank note↙.Waiter 1: Really ?↗(question)Waiter 2: Really !↙(unbelievable and surprised)Waiter 3: Really ?!↙↗(first question then surprised)2. Listen to the conversations. Underline the parts that are stressed and mark the intonation. Then talk about the implied meanings of the responses with different intonations. Listen again and repeat.1) Henry: It’s a nice suit.Owner: Oh, it’s perfect!↙(The intonation means it is very suitable for Henry.)2) Henry: Well, that’s very kind of you.Owner: Kind, sir ?↗(what you said is not right) No, it’s kind of you. You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like. Just having you sit here is a great honour !!↙(welcome you to come again)3)Henry:Well, to be honest, I have none. Oliver:(happily) What luck!(excited) Brother↗, what luck!↙(It means “Didn’t you hear it?”)Henry: Well, it may seem lucky to you but not to me!↗(angry) If this is your idea of some kind of joke, I don’t think it’s very funny. Now if you’ll excuse me, I ought to be on my way.↙(If so, I would leave.)Roderick: Please don’t go↙...(hope Henry can wait for a moment)Part B Viewing and Talking---Describe people’s changing attitudes in a film clipStep 1 Before-listening---Tell the filmYou are going to watch part of the film The Million Pound Bank Note. Look at these photos and guess what happens in the film.
新人教版高中英語必修3Unit 5 The Value of Money-Listening &Speaking教學設計
Step 4: Listen again and decide if the following statements are true (T) or false (F).1 It was the first time Chen Liyan's story was reported. T口 F口2 Chen found 10,000 yuan in a small plastic bag in Taiyuan railway station口 F口3 Wang Zheng apologized to Chen because he couldn't offer her more money. T口 F口4 Chen took out a large loan to cure her daughter, T口 F口5 Wang set up a fundraising website for Chen's daughter after Chen told him about her situation. T口 F口Step 5：After listening, discuss the questions.1 What kind of person do you think Chen Liyan is?Chen Liyan is generous and honest because she returned a large sum of money to the owner.2 Did Chen return the money because she didn't need it?No. She returned the money because it was the right thing to do. Evidence for this is that she refused to accept the reward money because she felt that it had not been earned. 3 Is it common for people to do what Chen did?It depends on the culture. In some countries it is quite common to return money that has been found. In other countries, people believe "Finders are keepers!" 4 How did Wang Zheng feel about the return of his money?He must have been very happy and relieved to have gotten his money back. We know this because he thanked Chen repeatedly and even offered her a reward.5 Why did Ma Dongbao tell Wang about Chen's family?He must have had great sympathy for Chen and her daughter and wanted to help them.'We know this because he arranged help for them. 6 How did the news reporter feel about Chen's actions?The news reporter felt that it showed that money wasn't the most important thing in life. We know this because the reporter told us that this is what Chen believes. and then said, “that's a great attitude to take."
新人教版高中英語必修3Unit 5 The value of money-Reading and Thinking教學設計二
? Could you offer me some kind of work here?? I don’t want your charity, I just want an honest job.? Careless: I landed in Britain by accident.Step 7:Consolidation.? Find Henry? Roderick and Oliver were I .making a bet when they saw Henry, a poor young man. ? Know Henry? About a month ago, Henry was sailing and later he found himself carried out to sea by a strong wind. Fortunately, he 2.was spotted by a ship. And it was the ship that brought him to 3.England? Offer money to Henry ? Oliver and Roderick gave Henry a letter and told him that there was money in it. They 4.persuaded him to accept it, and made him 5.promise that it wouldn't be opened until 2 o'clock.Step 8：Language pointsa large amount of: a large quantity of; a great deal ofe.g. They bought a large amount of furniture before they moved their new house.make a bet: make an arrangement to risk money, etc. on an event of which the result is doubtful.e.g. We made a bet on the result of the match.permit sb to do something: allow somebody to do somethinge.g. My mother doesn’t permit me to ride in the street after it rained.by accident: as a result of chancee.g. I only found it by accident.stare at: look at somebody or something with the eyes wide open in a fixed gaze( in astonishment, wonder, fear, etc)to be honest: to tell you the truth; to be franke.g. To be honest, I don’t think we have a chance of winning.Step7 Homework:What do you think will happen to Henry? Will the bank-note help him or get him into trouble?
新人教版高中英語必修3Unit 5 The Value of Money-Reading and Thinking教學設計一
Everybody wants to get wealth.In today’s material world,making money or becoming wealthy symbolizes a person’s success and capability. Many people just make every effort, pay any price to attain greater wealth. With money,they can buy nice, large apartments in nice neighborhood. With money they can own luxurious cars. Wealth seems to bring all happiness in life.But is wealth the only road to happiness? Not really. There are many things in the world, which are beyond the means of money, such as friendship, love, health and knowledge. People are so preoccupied with struggling for money that they have no time or would not take the time to form or maintain friendship. What happiness can they feel living as lonely miserable creatures without love or friends in the world even if they accumulate tremendous wealth?In my opinion, people can’t do anything without money, but money is not everything. What money will bring you depends on your personal belief and goal in life. If you are kind enough to help others, especially the poor, money is a good thing to you. With it, you can do much more for the benefit of people and your country, and it will add to your own happiness. If you want money just for your own needs, you’ll never be satisfied or happy. In a word,you should have money spent for more people. Only then can money be the source of your happiness.Step 8 Homework4 students in a group, one acts Roderick, one Oliver, one servant and the fourth one acts Henry Adams, then listen to the tape, pay more attention to the difference between American English and British English in pronunciation, stress, tone.
新人教版高中英語必修3Unit 5 The Value of Money-Reading for Writing教學設計二
2. 您能看到, 我頭發(fā)太長了。You can see that my hair is much too long.3. 無論什么時候, 只要您想回來就回來。Please come back whenever you want.4. 您僅有很少的頭發(fā)要理! You only have too little hair to cut !5. 為您服務是我的榮幸！It is my honour to serve you!Step 9 Writing(Henry is walking down the street when he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to have it cut. )H=Henry B=BarberH: Good afternoon, I’d like to have my hair cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry’s hair and continues cutting another man’s hair. ) Er, I’d really like a haircut. As you can see it’s much too long. B: (in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H: Fine, well, I’ll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber’s chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B: It’s quite expensive here, you know! Are you sure you can afford it?H: Yes. I think so. (After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B: Why Mr. . . (looks shocked)H: Adams. Henry Adams. I’m sorry. I don’t have any change. B: Please don’t worry! (wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about! Nothing at all! Please come back whenever you want, even if you only have too little hair to cut! It will be my honour to serve you!Step 10 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1. Are all the elements of a play included and in good order ?2. Do the character use suitable language ?3. Are the stage directions clear and useful ?4. Is the plot clear and exciting enough ?
新人教版高中英語必修3Unit 5 the value of money-Reading For Writing教學設計一
【參考范文】Narrator：(Henry is smiling as he leaves the restaurant. As he is walking down the street, he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to get it cut. )H＝Henry；B＝Barber；R＝rude manH：Good afternoon, I'd like to get a cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry's hair and continues cutting another man's hair. )Er, I'd really like a haircut. As you can see it's much too long. B：(in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H：Fine, well I'll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber's chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B：It's quite expensive here, you know！Are you sure you can afford it?H：Yes. I think so. (In comes the rude man. )R：Hey you there. I need a haircut quickly. Can you do me straightaway?B：All right, then, get in the chair and I'll see what I can do. R：Thank you. (sits down in one of the barber's chairs)H：Excuse me, but I was here first. Aren't you going to do my hair first?B：This man's in a hurry. H：Well so am I！I insist that you cut my hair first. B：OK, but I'll have to be quick. This gentleman is waiting. H：Thank you. (They both become quiet. After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B：Why, Mr . . . (looks shocked)H：Adams. Henry Adams. I'm sorry, I don't have any change. R：You're that Mr Adams! Well，I'm glad I waited or I might never have known it was you. B：Why, Mr Adams, please don't worry！(wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about！Nothing at all!Please come back any time, even if you only need too little hairs cut！It will be my honour to serve you!
人教版高中政治必修3思想道德修養(yǎng)與科學文化修養(yǎng)說課稿
由此引導學生的深思，學生通過合作探究，幫助學生認識到不注重思想道德修養(yǎng)，即使掌握了豐富的科學知識，也難以避免人格上的缺失，甚至危害社會。進而總結出關系二：加強思想道德修養(yǎng)，能夠促進科學文化修養(yǎng)?？茖W文化修養(yǎng)的意義播放感動中國人物徐本禹先進事跡短片。學生觀看完視頻后，思考：從徐本禹的事跡中，我們可以了解到我們加強科學文化修養(yǎng)的根本意義是什么？引導學生結合自身體會，發(fā)表各自見解，在此基礎上幫助學生總結出，要使自己的思想道德境界不斷升華，為人民服務的本領不斷提高，成為一個真正有知識文化涵養(yǎng)的人，成為一個脫離低級趣味的人、有益于人民的人。知識點三：追求更高的思想道德目標根據教材110探究活動（思想道德的差異、反應人們世界觀、人生觀、價值觀的差異）思考：用公民的基本道德規(guī)范來衡量這些觀點，你贊成哪些觀點？反對哪些觀點？小組進行合作探究，引導學生根據公民基本道德規(guī)范對這些價值觀進行評析。
人教版高中政治必修3思想道德修養(yǎng)與知識文化修養(yǎng)說課稿
１.做學問之前首先學會做人2.知識文化修養(yǎng)和思想道德修養(yǎng)的關系三.追求更高的思想道德目標㈤ 說教學評價和反思：1.這節(jié)課主要是以學生為主體，老師為主導，讓學生充分發(fā)表自己的看法，把理論的知識結合在實際的日常生活中，鼓勵學生充分發(fā)表自己的意見，能調動學生學習的積極性，達到教學目的。這節(jié)課學生討論，發(fā)言的機會很多，但由于我校的學生的基礎薄弱，在發(fā)言時難免偏離老師引導的方向，甚至出現毫不相干的說法，由于本人經驗不夠此時如何去引導他們可能做的還不夠好。2.新課程的教學，如何突破書本知識的局限，延伸更深層次的內容是一個難題。本節(jié)課在知識的處理上，把道德的重要性與道德的層次兩個知識點補充了進去，目的是讓學生在學習之前有一個情感的鋪墊，從而更好地達到教學目標。
人教版高中歷史必修3西方人文主義思想的起源說課稿
蘇格拉底把裝有毒酒的杯子舉到胸口，平靜地說：“分手的時候到了，我將死，你們活下來，是誰的選擇好，只有天知道。”說畢，一口喝干了毒酒。（2） 蘇格拉底臨死前對一個叫克力同的人說了這樣一番話。克力同，我告訴你，這幾天一直有一個神的聲音在我心中曉喻我，他說：“蘇格拉底，還是聽我們的建議吧，我們是你的衛(wèi)士。不要考慮你的子女、生命或其他東西勝過考慮什么是公正。……事實上你就要離開這里了。當你去死的時候，你是個犧牲品，但不是我們所犯錯誤的犧牲品，而是你同胞所犯錯誤的犧牲品。但你若用這種可恥的方法逃避，以錯還錯，以惡報惡，踐踏你自己和我們訂立的協(xié)議合約，那么你傷害了你最不應該傷害的，包括你自己、你的朋友、你的國家，還有我們。到那時，你活著面對我們的憤怒，你死后我們的兄弟、冥府里的法律也不會熱情歡迎你；因為它們知道你試圖盡力摧毀我們。別接受克力同的建議，聽我們的勸告吧。”
人教版高中政治必修4人的認識從何而來說課稿（一）
展示學習過的物理學內容：伽利略的“比薩斜塔”實驗，證明了：兩個鐵球同時落地。得出結論：實踐是檢驗認識正確與否的唯一標準。（因為這點理解起來有點難，所一教師要適當的講解）A、一種認識是否是真理不能由這一認識本身回答B(yǎng)、客觀事物自身也不能回答認識是否正確地反映了它C、實踐是聯(lián)系主觀與客觀的橋梁。人們把認識和實踐的結果對照,相符合,認識就正確?！?實踐是認識的目的和歸宿：走進社會：（課本P46歸國博士案例）從這個故事中我們可以得到什么啟示？得出結論：實踐是認識的歸宿和目的。啟發(fā)學生學以致用，eg：紀中的學生研究地溝油簡易檢測方法（靈活利用身邊的教學資源）。【板書設計】實踐是認識的基礎（板書）投影：逐步展示本課知識結構圖。學生通過回憶，讓學生有直觀的認識，學習內容一目了然。1．實踐是認識的來源。2．實踐是認識發(fā)展的動力。3．實踐是檢驗認識的真理性的唯一標準。
人教版高中政治必修4人的認識從何而來說課稿（二）
今天我說課的題目是《生活與哲學4（必修）》的第二單元第六課第一框題——《人的認識從何而來》下面我將從教材，教法，學法，教學過程，教學反思五個方面來說一說我對本課的認識和教學設想。一、說教材我將從該框題在教材中的地位和作用，教學目標，教學重難點三方面來闡述我對教材的認識。（一）首先是教材的地位和作用；本框題重點論述馬克思主義哲學認識論中實踐與認識的關系。實踐的觀點是馬克思主義首要和基本的觀點，理解實踐與認識的關系是把握哲學智慧不可或缺的途徑。學好本框題不僅有利于學生從宏觀上把握教材各課的聯(lián)系，而且有利于幫助學生理解馬克思主義哲學的本質特征。（二）教學目標是確定教學重點，進行教學設計的基礎。依據新課程標準，我確定本課的教學目標有以下三方面：知識與技能：1、識記實踐的含義、實踐的構成要素、實踐的特點。
高中思想政治人教版必修三《文化創(chuàng)新的途徑》說課稿
二、說學情本課的教學對象為高二學生，他們思維活躍已具備一定歸納能力和分析、綜合能力，能夠自主地分析現實生活中的一些文化行為，但看問題往往比較偏激、片面，缺乏良好的邏輯思維能力。所以，在文化創(chuàng)新的途徑上要對他們進行指導，以免走入誤區(qū)。三、教學目標根據新課程標準、教材特點、學生的實際，我確定了如下教學目標：【知識與能力目標】1.理解文化創(chuàng)新的根本途徑和兩個基本途徑;2.了解文化創(chuàng)新過程中需要堅持正確方向，克服錯誤傾向。
人教版高中歷史必修1古代希臘民主政治說課稿
（4）評價民主通過對雅典公民享有充分的言論自由的介紹及展示伯利克里的講話、陶片放逐法，使學生認識到，雅典的民主在統(tǒng)治階級內部已經達到了非常高的層次，并促進了希臘人完整人格的形成。通過伯利克里講話、圖片、文字分別講述希臘人重責任感、渴求知識的民族性格，并請學生朗讀有關雅典人生活的有關文字，讓學生在閱讀中感情逐漸升溫，引發(fā)學生對民主的充分認同及對雅典人重精神生活的無限神往。問題設置：讓學生思考雅典民主政治對后世西方政治制度的重大影響。同時指出“民主是不可抗拒的歷史潮流！”讓學生在原有知識的基礎上認識民主政治的必然性。用書中的兩段材料分析希臘民主政治的特征和實質，分析其影響。4.課堂小結對本課內容進行概括性的總結5.知能訓練，運用遷移體現一定的層次性，滿足不同層次學生的要求。6.布置作業(yè)撰寫歷史論文首先布置論文范圍、主題；其次進行舉例；最后提供相關查閱資料的網址。
人教版高中歷史必修1羅馬法的起源與發(fā)展說課稿
學生思考回答后歸納：隨著征服地區(qū)的擴大，出現了許多新問題，新矛盾，原有的公民法已經無法適應這些新變化（質疑）。公民法適用范圍限于羅馬公民，用來調整他們之間的關系，羅馬公民受到法律保護，并享受法律賦予的權利。在擴張中納入到疆域中的許多外邦人不能受到法律的保護，在這種背景下，公民法發(fā)展成萬民法。萬民法的出現，一方面由于公民法的狹隘性，另一方面伴隨對外戰(zhàn)爭的勝利，奴隸制在羅馬得到快速發(fā)展。為了更加有效地保護奴隸主的私人利益，迫切需要建立和完善法律制度來維護統(tǒng)治階級的利益不受侵犯。問題探究：萬民法的制定產生哪些作用？學生思考回答后總結：萬民法取代公民法，協(xié)調了羅馬人和外邦人之間的關系及外邦人相互之間的關系，對于在龐大帝國內微細，協(xié)調各地區(qū)的民族關系、社會矛盾也祈禱重要作用。萬民法使法律具有了更大的適用范圍，也成為鞏固羅馬統(tǒng)治的重要工具。