24、科技創(chuàng)新是一個民族發(fā)展的靈魂,是一個民族進(jìn)步的不竭動力。結(jié)合所學(xué)知識,回答下列問題。(6分)(1)世界上現(xiàn)存最早的、標(biāo)有確切日期的雕版印刷品是什么?(1分)(2)北宋時,哪一項發(fā)明為航海事業(yè)的發(fā)展做出了貢獻(xiàn)?(1分)(3)被稱為“中國17世紀(jì)的工藝百科全書”的是哪部作品?(1分)(4)《本草綱目》是一部具有總結(jié)性的藥物學(xué)巨著,西方國家稱它為“東方醫(yī)學(xué)巨典”。 作者是誰?(1分)(5)近代中國人自行設(shè)計和施工的第一條鐵路干線是什么?(1分)(6)揭開制堿奧秘,使我國制堿技術(shù)躍居世界前列的著名化學(xué)家是誰?(1分)
材料二 鄭和描述船隊遠(yuǎn)航的情景:觀夫海洋,洪濤接天,巨浪如山……而我之云帆高張,晝夜星馳,涉波狂瀾,若履通衢……——選自鄭和《天妃之神靈應(yīng)記>材料三 新中國的成立,告別了“弱國無外交”的恥辱。中國人民第一次掌握了自己的命運,贏得了中華民族的尊嚴(yán)和國際上的尊重。50多年來,新中國外交走過了一條催人奮進(jìn)的光彩之路?!x自人教版《教師教學(xué)用書》八年級下冊材料四 20世紀(jì)八九十年代,東西方冷戰(zhàn)結(jié)束,國際形勢趨于緩和,和平與發(fā)展成為世界的發(fā)展趨勢。在發(fā)展經(jīng)濟的過程中,各國經(jīng)濟聯(lián)系日益密切,任何一個國家經(jīng)濟都不可能孤立地發(fā)展下去。于是,世界經(jīng)濟日益成為一個整體?!x自人教版《世界歷史》九年級下冊(1)請寫出材料一中漢代絲綢之路的起點?(1分)絲綢之路經(jīng)過今新疆地區(qū)和西亞的兩河流域,那么清朝時設(shè)置什么機構(gòu)管轄整個新疆地區(qū)?(1分)古代世界歷史上兩河流域曾出現(xiàn)過哪一文明古國?(1分)
31.在三次科技革命專題復(fù)習(xí)中,老師故意設(shè)置了5處錯誤,請你指出來并加以改正。 18世紀(jì)60年代,史蒂芬孫發(fā)明“珍妮機”,珍妮機的發(fā)明是英國工業(yè)革命的起點。1785年美國機械師瓦特改進(jìn)了蒸汽機,首先在交通部門投入使用。在許多的生產(chǎn)部門,也利用蒸汽提供動力帶動機器,進(jìn)行生產(chǎn),人類進(jìn)入了“蒸汽時代”。19世紀(jì)70年代,電力作為新能源進(jìn)入生產(chǎn)領(lǐng)域,人類進(jìn)入了“電氣時代”。美國、德國在電力技術(shù)的發(fā)展方面,走在前面。1789年愛迪生發(fā)明了耐用碳絲燈泡;19世紀(jì)80年代,德國人卡爾·本茨等人設(shè)計出內(nèi)燃機,由此出現(xiàn)了兩大新式交通工具汽車和輪船。20世紀(jì)四五十年代以來,人類在原子能、計算機、航天技術(shù)、生物工程等領(lǐng)域取得了重大突破。第三次科技革命的核心是國際互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的廣泛使用,人類由此進(jìn)入了信息化時代。
材料二:紅軍不怕遠(yuǎn)征難,萬水千山只等閑。五嶺逶迤騰細(xì)浪,烏蒙磅礴走泥丸。金沙水拍云崖暖,大渡橋橫鐵索寒。更喜岷山千里雪,三軍過后盡開顏。材料三:首都30萬軍民齊集天安門廣場,一面鮮艷的五星紅旗在天安門廣場冉冉升起。樂隊奏起《義勇軍進(jìn)行曲》, 54門禮炮齊鳴28響。毛澤東宣讀了中央人民政府公告,宣布,本政府為代表中華人民共和國全國人民的唯一合法政府。(1)材料一中的“大會”指的是哪次會議?(2分)(2)材料二描述的是哪一歷史事件?(2分)這一事件中召開的重要會議是什么?(2分)(3)材料三描述的是哪一歷史場景?(2分)這一令人激動的場景發(fā)生的時間?(2分)
南鄉(xiāng)子·登京口北固亭有懷辛棄疾何處望神州?滿眼風(fēng)光北固樓。千古興亡多少事?悠悠。不盡長江滾滾流。年少萬兜鍪,坐斷東南戰(zhàn)未休。天下英雄誰敵手?曹劉。生子當(dāng)如孫仲謀。
舜發(fā)于畎畝之中,傅說舉于版筑之間,膠鬲舉于魚鹽之中,管夷吾舉于士,孫叔敖舉于海,百里奚舉于市。故天將降大任于是人也,必先苦其心志,勞其筋骨,餓其體膚,空乏其身,行拂亂其所為,【甲】所以動心忍性,曾益其所不能。
Electric cars may seem like a recent invention,but they have been around for years. In the early 1900s, there were ___16___ electric cars on the road than gasoline(汽油)cars,because at that time, gasoline was expensive compared with other fuels(燃料)
Choose the best choice fromA to F to finish the dialogue. You have one more answer. Each choice should beused only once.A: Hello, I’m a schoolnewspaper reporter. May I ask you some questions?B: ____46____
For Yang, one of the long-expected activitiesduring the Spring Festival is to take photos with family members. On the earlymorning of the second day of the Chinese New Year when the whole family reunite,he would dress up and wait for the photo to be taken.
Liu Min is an English teacher. These days, herfamily are experiencing a different life of working and studying. They get upand do morning exercises at 6:30 in the living room. After breakfast, theystart their work and study. Her husband turns on his computer in the study (書房), reading his e-mails andmaking a list of today’s work.
There are many kinds ___21___art forms in China. ___22___ you often see any of them in your life?They help us understand and enjoy the traditional Chinese culture. When theSpring Festival comes, some people often ___23___ the red paper intodifferent art works with scissors.
Remember that it’s better to fail than it’s togive up, and the key is to learn from your failure(失敗). But along withdifficulties, there will also be ____18____ wonderful waiting for you.
I often hear some students say English isdifficult, so they can’t learn it well. ___11___ English is very easy for me. I’m good ___12___ it. I’m very glad to tell you ___13___ about how I study English.
FIFA World Cup is one of the biggest sportsevents in the world. It ___11___every 4 years. The first World Cup was in 1930. It has a history of over 90years. During the World Cup, ___12___fans watch the games and cheer for their favorite teams or players.
Dealing with a nosebleed(鼻出血)mightseem simple. But recently, the British RED Cross asked parents with youngchildren how to help a child with a nosebleed. About 65 percent of parents didnot ____11____the correct action to help.
My arms were shaking and my heart was beating ____19____ when I stood at thestarting line. ____20____the endless runway (跑道), I felt like a boat fighting against the windand rain. I ____21____myself that simply joining in was a victory (勝利) itself.
Zu Ti was a great man of Jin Dynasty. He was ____16____ for his hard work andgreat achievements. But when he was a child, he was a naughty (頑皮的)boy who showed little ____17____ inreading. As he grew up, Zu Ti ____18____ hedidn’t have enough knowledge.
An unexpected thing happened in the ____11____ of my eleventh year. Thehome I had ____12____inwas burned to the ground in the middle of the night. ____13____ , mymom, dad, grandma, brothers and I escaped(幸免于難).
I lost mysmartphone at West Park on Loomis Road on Monday morning, Oct. 27. The photosin it haven’t been uploaded(上傳)to the Cloud. They are very important to me.Please call me at 730-8607.
Some schools have organized too many tests thatare too difficult. As a result, students have to study hard all the time andthey have been under a lot of stress. It has been harmful to students’ mental (心理的)and physical health and it must be changed.