金風(fēng)換成了北風(fēng),秋去冬來(lái)了。冬天剛剛冒了個(gè)頭,落了一場(chǎng)初雪,我滿(mǎn)庭斗艷爭(zhēng)嬌的芳菲,頓然失色,鮮紅的老來(lái)嬌,還有各色的傲霜菊花,一夜全白了頭。兩棵丁香,葉子簌簌辭柯了,像一聲聲年華消失的感嘆。
我走過(guò)湖畔山林間的小路,山林中和小路上只有我;林鳥(niǎo)尚未歸巢,松濤也因無(wú)風(fēng)而暫時(shí)息怒……突然間聽(tīng)到自己的身后有腳步聲,這聲音不緊不慢,亦步亦趨,緊緊地跟隨著我。我暗自吃驚,害怕在荒無(wú)人煙的叢林間碰上了剪徑?;剡^(guò)頭來(lái)一看:什么也沒(méi)有,那聲音來(lái)自于自己的腳步。
Lastsummer, I was holding the net when Grandpa asked me ____19____ I couldhelp him teach Frank how to play chess. I said no because I wanted to catchfish. Grandpa had been the one who’d taught us how to catch fish, but then the ____20____ made him stay behind.
There are many kinds ___21___art forms in China. ___22___ you often see any of them in your life?They help us understand and enjoy the traditional Chinese culture. When theSpring Festival comes, some people often ___23___ the red paper intodifferent art works with scissors.
If youthink you have walked into a library with a ____11____ likethat, you are exactly wrong. ____12____, you’ve entered the workplace of CourtneyHolmes, known as the Storybook Barber (理發(fā)師).
Late onenight, Gulliver received a warning that some nobles wanted him killed. Even theemperor of Lilliput wanted to give him less food to save ___16___. It was true Gulliver was very expensive.
At the age of seven, I started school in London.There I met a ____21____,Mr. King. He influenced my whole life. Mr King taught me maths. He washumorous. Sometimes, he told us funny stories. So his lessons made us ____22____.
ThreeRiver-Source National Park on the Qinghai-TibetPlateau(青藏高原),is the largest national park in China. Because it is home to the sources of theYangtze, Yellow and Lancang rivers, people call it “China’s water tower”.
Choose the best choice fromA to F to finish the dialogue. You have one more answer. Each choice should beused only once.A: Hello, I’m a schoolnewspaper reporter. May I ask you some questions?B: ____46____
For Yang, one of the long-expected activitiesduring the Spring Festival is to take photos with family members. On the earlymorning of the second day of the Chinese New Year when the whole family reunite,he would dress up and wait for the photo to be taken.
Zu Ti was a great man of Jin Dynasty. He was ____16____ for his hard work andgreat achievements. But when he was a child, he was a naughty (頑皮的)boy who showed little ____17____ inreading. As he grew up, Zu Ti ____18____ hedidn’t have enough knowledge.
Jared ___15___ to stay at home, but his mom sent him anyway.He had to sit next to Jessica. At reading time, Mrs. Thomas asked Jared toread. Reading aloud always made Jared ___16___ . As he picked up the book, his hands shook.“He can’t read,” Jessica said. “I didn’t call on you, did I?”
Du, 23,is a student from Shanghai University. He won third place at the ninth IOIO (國(guó)際折紙奧林匹克) in February this year. A total of 803 competitors from 59countries and areas took part in this year’s event.
Russia’s skating silver medalist AlexandraTrusova, 17, amazed the world with five quadruple jumps (四周跳)during free skate at the Beijing Winter Olympics. No other woman has everfinished five quadruple jumps in an Olympic competition.
材料一 歐洲文藝復(fù)興初期四種偉大發(fā)明的傳入,對(duì)現(xiàn)代世界的形成起著重要的作用。造紙術(shù)和印刷術(shù)替宗教改革開(kāi)了先路,并使推廣民眾教育成為可能?;鹚幍陌l(fā)明清除了封建創(chuàng)度,創(chuàng)立了國(guó)民軍制。指南針的發(fā)明導(dǎo)致了發(fā)見(jiàn)美洲,因而使全世界而不再是歐洲成為歷史舞臺(tái)。------美國(guó)卡特《中國(guó)印刷術(shù)的發(fā)明和它的西傳)材料二 德美兩國(guó)在第二次科技革命中站在了世界的前沿。全民教育為德國(guó)培了高素度的國(guó)民,大學(xué)給德國(guó)帶來(lái)了創(chuàng)造和發(fā)明。19世紀(jì)的德國(guó)引領(lǐng)了第二次工業(yè)革命,德國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)出現(xiàn)了跨越式的發(fā)展,1910年德國(guó)的工業(yè)總量超越了所有歐洲國(guó)家。美國(guó)第一次把專(zhuān)利權(quán)寫(xiě)進(jìn)了憲法,用國(guó)家根本大法來(lái)保護(hù)發(fā)明創(chuàng)造,也保護(hù)和激發(fā)了整個(gè)社會(huì)的創(chuàng)造熱情,第二次工業(yè)革命中,美國(guó)以重大科枝發(fā)明為基礎(chǔ),迅速趕上并超過(guò)了歐洲各國(guó),成為世界第一大經(jīng)濟(jì)強(qiáng)國(guó)。------電視紀(jì)錄片《大國(guó)強(qiáng)起》解說(shuō)詞材料三 中國(guó)人民是具有偉大創(chuàng)造精神的民族。鄧稼先、袁隆平、錢(qián)學(xué)森等許多科學(xué)家為中國(guó)科技的發(fā)展做出了重要貢獻(xiàn)(1)結(jié)合所學(xué)知識(shí),從材料一中任選兩項(xiàng)發(fā)明成果,概括其對(duì)世界文明產(chǎn)生的影響。(不得抄材料原文)(4分)(2)根據(jù)材料二,分別概括出德國(guó)和美國(guó)科技發(fā)展的原因,并結(jié)合所學(xué)知識(shí)各舉出一項(xiàng)發(fā)明成果。(8分)
材料 鴉片戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)以后,中國(guó)閉關(guān)鎖國(guó)政策被打破,落后的中國(guó)被迫向世界先進(jìn)文明靠攏。西方列強(qiáng)在中國(guó)通商口岸開(kāi)設(shè)工廠(chǎng),舶來(lái)洋貨,西方文化逐步滲透到國(guó)民生活中。戊戌變法時(shí)的維新派,主張“斷發(fā)易服”以便于“與歐美同俗”,辛亥革命前后,“斷發(fā)易服”更具有了反清革命的色彩,資產(chǎn)階級(jí)在社會(huì)政治變革的同時(shí),也對(duì)陳舊陋習(xí)加以改造,這具有開(kāi)啟民智的意義。南京臨時(shí)政府成立后,頒布剪發(fā)辮、易服飾等法令,推進(jìn)社會(huì)風(fēng)氣的改良。這些新的變化有助于中國(guó)近代社會(huì)的新陳代謝。
材料一 康熙皇帝說(shuō):“今天下大事皆朕一人親理,無(wú)可旁貸,若將要?jiǎng)?wù)分任他人,則不可行。所以無(wú)論巨細(xì),朕必躬自斷制。”材料二 英國(guó)《權(quán)利法案》規(guī)定:凡未經(jīng)議會(huì)同意,以國(guó)王權(quán)威停止法律或停止法律實(shí)施之僭(jiàn超越本分)越權(quán)力,為非法權(quán)力;凡未經(jīng)議會(huì)準(zhǔn)許,借口國(guó)王特權(quán),為國(guó)王而征收或供國(guó)王使用而征收金錢(qián),超出議會(huì)準(zhǔn)許之時(shí)限或方式者,皆為非法。材料三 孫中山說(shuō):“我們革命的目的是為中國(guó)謀幸福。因不愿少數(shù)滿(mǎn)洲人專(zhuān)制,故要民族革命;不愿君主一人專(zhuān)制,故要政治革命;不愿少數(shù)富人專(zhuān)制,故要社會(huì)革命?!?/p>
材料一 正當(dāng)隋唐之際中國(guó)封建社會(huì)各種典章制度臻于完備時(shí)期,大量日本留學(xué)生來(lái)華學(xué)習(xí)。他們歸國(guó)后,自然會(huì)將中日兩國(guó)從多方面加以比較,更易看出日本的差距,要求仿效中國(guó)、進(jìn)行變革的愿望更加強(qiáng)烈,從而加速了大化改新局面的出現(xiàn)。——摘編自田久川《古代中日關(guān)系史》材料二 1872年清政府選派的第一批30名留美幼童從上海登船放洋。由于風(fēng)氣未開(kāi),廣大北方地區(qū)沒(méi)有一人入選,學(xué)生都來(lái)自東南沿海的省份,特別是廣東南海、新會(huì)一帶?!麄?cè)趪?guó)外刻苦求學(xué)、勤勉自勵(lì),大多學(xué)有所成。歸國(guó)后,在教育、外交、工會(huì)、軍事等領(lǐng)域都做出了重要貢獻(xiàn)?!幾粤治摹堆髣?wù)運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)期留學(xué)教育評(píng)析》
13.(6分)在人類(lèi)歷史長(zhǎng)河中,曾涌現(xiàn)出一大批著名的具有時(shí)代象征意義的歷史人物。下列是中國(guó)近代史上的著名人物。關(guān)于其成就的敘述,請(qǐng)?jiān)谡_項(xiàng)后面的空格里打“√”。錯(cuò)誤的打“×” 序號(hào)人物 判斷①魏源翻譯《天演論》,激勵(lì)人們“自強(qiáng)保種”,救亡圖存,反對(duì)外來(lái)侵略 ②李鴻章在洋務(wù)運(yùn)動(dòng)中,參與創(chuàng)辦江南制造總局,創(chuàng)辦輪船招商局 ③梁?jiǎn)⒊瑓⑴c發(fā)起公車(chē)上書(shū),與他人合作創(chuàng)辦《萬(wàn)國(guó)公報(bào)》,宣傳維新變法思想 ④孫中山組建興中會(huì),建立中國(guó)同盟會(huì);發(fā)起多次反清起義,創(chuàng)建中華民國(guó) ⑤陳獨(dú)秀在新文化運(yùn)動(dòng)中創(chuàng)辦《青年雜志》;提出“民主”和“科學(xué)”的口號(hào) ⑥張謇擔(dān)任中國(guó)人修建的第一條鐵路的工程師,設(shè)計(jì)出“人”字形鐵軌
材料一 1953 年,周恩來(lái)在接見(jiàn)印度代表時(shí),提出了處理兩國(guó)關(guān)系的基本原則?!?摘自川教版《 中國(guó)歷史 》八年級(jí)下冊(cè)材料二 在 1955 年的一次重要國(guó)際會(huì)議上,周恩來(lái)利用他個(gè)人的巨大魅力和外交機(jī)敏,逐漸減弱了那些懷疑中國(guó)或共產(chǎn)主義的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的敵對(duì)情緒?!幾浴斗浅D甏?/p>