TheChinese knot, a folk art, has a long history. People first made them to recordinformation and send messages before they started to use words. The knots wereused for decoration (裝飾) and to express thoughts and feelings in theTang Dynasty. They were later popular in the Ming and Qing dynasties. But thisart wasn’t really accepted by the common people until the Qing Dynasty.
Flying kites Kites have quite a long history. The earliest kites were made ofwood, instead of paper. Nowadays, the three most famous kites are the Beijingkite, Tianjin kite, and Weifang kite. And they are quite different from eachother. For example, the swallow-shaped kite is a well-known Beijing style.
材料一 有學(xué)者指出,蘇聯(lián)模式具有雙重收應(yīng)。蘇聯(lián)模式對(duì)于于蘇聯(lián)迅速實(shí)現(xiàn)工業(yè)化和國(guó)防現(xiàn)代化是有效的,但在使國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)保持平衡、國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)整體持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)方面卻顯得乏力……材料二: 1928~1940年,蘇聯(lián)國(guó)防工業(yè)總產(chǎn)值增加了1.8倍,年增長(zhǎng)率高達(dá)39%,1938年與1930年相比,步、機(jī)槍的產(chǎn)量增長(zhǎng)了8倍,火炮產(chǎn)量增加了12倍。坦克1930年有170輛,兩年后增加到3000輛;到1937年底,蘇軍擁有各類坦克1.5萬(wàn)輛。1936年蘇軍擁有飛機(jī)6672架,是1928年的4倍?!陨喜牧暇幾詣⒆诰w主編《歷史學(xué)科專題講座》材料三:在反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中,蘇軍的技術(shù)裝備全部更新。蘇制重型HC-2坦克超過(guò)德國(guó)“虎式”坦克的威力?;鸺?“喀秋莎”)、強(qiáng)擊機(jī)等新型武器都有極大的發(fā)展。1949年,蘇聯(lián)成功爆炸了第一顆原子彈。之后,美、蘇兩國(guó)核軍備競(jìng)賽進(jìn)一步升級(jí)。到70年代初,美、蘇戰(zhàn)略核力量大體形成均勢(shì)?!幾浴?0世紀(jì)的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)與和平》教師教學(xué)用書(shū)(1)據(jù)材料一,指出蘇聯(lián)國(guó)防現(xiàn)代化迅速實(shí)現(xiàn)的原因。(2分)
Duringwork hours in Becker’s bread shop, the kitchen is especially quiet except thesound of the machine. The quiet environment is not the result of the strictrules, but because all the workers are deaf. They use sign language tocommunicate with each other from time to time.
Penny’s family was very poor. Her father was asailor (水手).He earned very little money and was ____16____ away from home. Her mothercould not work ____17____she was often sick. One day.
When he was 12, his parents died. He was aloneand didn’t ____11____others. No one showed kindness to him. People always laughed ____12____ him. His only friend was adog named Bobby. He ____13____his dog enough to eat and drink, but he was a little rude(粗魯?shù)?to it sometimes.
A bird went to look for happiness. On ___21___ way, she saw a flower, the flower was short ofwater, but his face was full of ___22___ .
Ibelieved that I was right and he was wrong, and Tony believed that I was wrongand he was right. Our teacher, a kind and smart lady, decided to teach us alesson. She brought us to the front of the class and placed him on one side ofher desk and me on the other. In the middle of her desk was a large and roundobject. I could clearly see that it was black. The teacher asked us what colorthe object was. “White,” Tony answered. I couldn’t believe he said the objectwas white! “Clearly, it was black!” Another argument started between Tony andme, this time about the color of the object.
Ibelieved that I was right and he was wrong, and Tony believed that I was wrongand he was right. Our teacher, a kind and smart lady, decided to teach us alesson. She brought us to the front of the class and placed him on one side ofher desk and me on the other. In the middle of her desk was a large and roundobject. I could clearly see that it was black. The teacher asked us what colorthe object was. “White,” Tony answered. I couldn’t believe he said the objectwas white! “Clearly, it was black!” Another argument started between Tony andme, this time about the color of the object.
材料一 每一(簽暑國(guó))政府各自保證對(duì)與各政府作戰(zhàn)的三國(guó)同盟成員國(guó)及其附從者使用其全部資源,不論軍事的或是經(jīng)濟(jì)的,聯(lián)合起來(lái),共同對(duì)敵……--1942年1月《聯(lián)合國(guó)家宣言》材料二1954年,日內(nèi)瓦國(guó)際會(huì)議上,美國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)卿杜勒斯嚴(yán)令美國(guó)代表團(tuán):不準(zhǔn)任何人與中國(guó)代表握手……1972年2月,美國(guó)總統(tǒng)尼克松乘專機(jī)抵達(dá)北京,周恩來(lái)總理前往迎接周恩來(lái)對(duì)尼克松說(shuō):“你的手伸過(guò)世界最遼闊的海洋未和我握手一-25年沒(méi)有交往了啊!”--摘編自尼克松回憶錄《領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者》材料三 北京時(shí)間2018年3月23日,美國(guó)宣布將對(duì)600億美元中國(guó)出口商品征收關(guān)稅,并對(duì)中國(guó)實(shí)行貿(mào)易限制--摘編自《中國(guó)網(wǎng)》(1)材料一所述《聯(lián)合國(guó)家宣言》的發(fā)表,標(biāo)志著什么組織的建立?美國(guó)和中國(guó)是否同屬于“簽署國(guó)”?
父親去世10年后,在我的“軟硬兼施”下,母親終于同意來(lái)鄭州跟著我——她最小的女兒一起生活。一天,母親對(duì)先生說(shuō),星期天喊你那些朋友回家來(lái)吃飯吧,我都來(lái)了大半個(gè)月了,沒(méi)見(jiàn)他們來(lái)過(guò)呢。媽,他們經(jīng)常在外面聚呢。我替先生解釋,母親搖頭,態(tài)度堅(jiān)決地讓先生在周末把他們帶回家來(lái)聚一聚。
虞美人 梳樓[宋]蔣捷絲絲楊柳絲絲雨。春在溟濛處。樓兒忒小不藏愁。幾度和云飛去、覓歸舟。天憐客子鄉(xiāng)關(guān)遠(yuǎn)。借與花消遣。海棠紅近綠闌干。才卷朱簾卻又、晚風(fēng)寒。(選自《宋詞鑒賞辭典》)
夏翁,江陰巨族。嘗舟行過(guò)市橋,一人擔(dān)糞,傾入其舟,濺及翁衣。其人舊識(shí)也,僮輩怒,欲毆之。翁曰:“此出不知耳,知我寧肯相犯!”因好語(yǔ)遣之。及歸,閱債籍,此人乃負(fù)三十金無(wú)償,欲因以求死。翁為之折券。
胡翰,字仲申,金華人。幼聰穎異常兒。七歲時(shí),道拾遺金,坐守待其人還之。長(zhǎng)從蘭奚谷吳師道、浦江吳萊學(xué)古文,復(fù)登同邑先達(dá)之門(mén)。同郡柳貫▲文章名天下,見(jiàn)翰文,稱之不容口。游元都,公卿交譽(yù)之?;騽裰?,不應(yīng)。既歸,遭天下大亂,避地南華山,著書(shū)自適。文章與宋濂相上下。
孝武帝太元十八年,陶淵明懷著大濟(jì)蒼生之愿,擔(dān)任祭酒一職,后因官場(chǎng)黑暗而辭官。安帝隆安四年,他又投入桓玄門(mén)下。元興二年,桓玄篡奪帝位,他不愿同流合污而再返田園。元興三年,劉裕起兵討桓平叛。
(一)江上(5分)【明】孫蕡江上青楓初著花,客帆和月宿蒹葭。云過(guò)疏雨數(shù)千點(diǎn),臨水小村三四家。風(fēng)起漁船依釣石,潮回歸雁認(rèn)平沙。秋懷已向南云盡,又是滄洲閱歲華?!咀⑨尅竣賹O蕡(fén):字仲衍,號(hào)西庵先生,廣東南海人。②滄州:濱水的地方。
(一)(4分)南溪弄水回望山園梅花[宋]楊萬(wàn)里梅從山下過(guò)溪來(lái),近愛(ài)清溪遠(yuǎn)愛(ài)梅。溪水聲聲留我住,梅花朵朵喚人回。 (選自《給孩子的古詩(shī)詞》)
伏伽①曰:“臣聞‘性相近,習(xí)相遠(yuǎn)’。今皇太子諸王左右執(zhí)事,不可不擇。大抵不義無(wú)賴及馳騁射獵歌舞聲色慢游之人,止可悅耳目,備驅(qū)馳,至拾遺補(bǔ)闕,決不能也。泛觀前世子姓②不克孝兄弟不克友莫不由左右亂之。愿選賢才,澄僚友③之選?!?/p>
中國(guó)國(guó)家博物館在2014年被美國(guó)國(guó)際主題公園及景點(diǎn)協(xié)會(huì)評(píng)為全世界觀眾人數(shù)第二多的博物館,位于法國(guó)盧浮宮之后。博物館正成為一個(gè)國(guó)家,一個(gè)城市中最重要的窗口。
但是一旦開(kāi)始翻譯之后,就知道實(shí)際的時(shí)間多么不夠。事實(shí)上,這本書(shū)幾乎全部都是朱衣翻譯的。我的工作,則是把她的全部譯稿再仔細(xì)校閱一遍。這樣我們經(jīng)過(guò)很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間的琢磨,才完成了全部工作。如果讀者發(fā)現(xiàn)翻譯上的疏失(一定不免),責(zé)任由我們共同承擔(dān)。