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湖南省衡陽市2017年中考?xì)v史真題試題（含答案）
【北魏改革】材料一 孝文帝日：“今欲斷北語，一從正音。其年三十以上，習(xí)性已久，容或不可卒革。三十以下，見在朝廷之人，語音不聽仍舊，若有故為，當(dāng)加降黜，各宜深戒?！薄浴顿Y治通鑒》（1）北魏是我國古代北方少數(shù)民族鮮卑族建立的北朝政權(quán)，它在孝文帝改革時(shí)對鮮卑等少數(shù)民族實(shí)行漢化政策。材料一體現(xiàn)了漢化政策的哪一方面？漢化政策產(chǎn)生了怎樣的影響？（4分）【唐皇長策】材料二 自古皆貴中華，賤夷狄，朕獨(dú)愛之如一，故其種落皆依朕如父母。——唐太宗（2）材料二體現(xiàn)了唐朝政府對于民族關(guān)系怎樣的態(tài)度或政策？試舉唐與吐蕃交往的一例予以說明。（4分）
湖南省婁底市2018年中考?xì)v史真題試題（含答案）
材料一：李白在《古風(fēng)》組詩中贊曰：“秦王掃六合，虎視何雄哉!揮劍決浮云，諸侯盡西來?！薄妒酚?秦始皇本紀(jì)》載：“一法度衡石丈尺。車同軌。書同文字?！保?）李白詩中贊頌了秦王的哪一歷史功績？材料表明秦始皇采取了哪些措施？材料二：唐太宗進(jìn)一步完善了三省六部制，明確中央機(jī)構(gòu)的職權(quán)及決策程序。針對當(dāng)時(shí)“民少吏多”的情況，命房玄齡等精簡中央機(jī)構(gòu)，將中央文武官員由2000多人減為643人；把全國劃分為10道，將州、縣合并為358個(gè)和1551個(gè)。杜甫《憶昔》詩云：“憶昔開元全盛日，小邑猶藏萬家室。稻米流脂粟米白，公私倉廩俱豐實(shí)。（2）材料所述唐太宗采取的措施有何目的？杜甫詩中描述的是哪一盛世狀況？
湖南省衡陽市2017年中考?xì)v史真題試題（含解析）
【北魏改革】材料一 孝文帝日：“今欲斷北語，一從正音。其年三十以上，習(xí)性已久，容或不可卒革。三十以下，見在朝廷之人，語音不聽仍舊，若有故為，當(dāng)加降黜，各宜深戒?！薄浴顿Y治通鑒》（1）北魏是我國古代北方少數(shù)民族鮮卑族建立的北朝政權(quán)，它在孝文帝改革時(shí)對鮮卑等少數(shù)民族實(shí)行漢化政策。材料一體現(xiàn)了漢化政策的哪一方面？漢化政策產(chǎn)生了怎樣的影響？（4分）【唐皇長策】材料二 自古皆貴中華，賤夷狄，朕獨(dú)愛之如一，故其種落皆依朕如父母?！铺冢?）材料二體現(xiàn)了唐朝政府對于民族關(guān)系怎樣的態(tài)度或政策？試舉唐與吐蕃交往的一例予以說明。（4分）
湖南省婁底市2017年中考?xì)v史真題試題（含答案）
【思想的光芒】材料一 老子，中國古代偉大的思想家，春秋時(shí)期楚國人。他曾做過周朝管理藏書的史官，孔子曾向他問禮，感嘆他學(xué)問的高深。年老時(shí)，留下了五千言的名著。這部著作流傳甚廣。據(jù)聯(lián)合國教科文組織統(tǒng)計(jì)，它是世界上被譯成外國文字最多的著作之一。孔子，中國古代偉大的思想家和教育家，春秋時(shí)期魯國人。弟子三千，其言行被編成《論語》一書。他為我國文化教育事業(yè)的發(fā)展作出了重要貢獻(xiàn)，被后世尊稱為“萬世師表”?？鬃拥乃枷朐谥袊褪澜缢枷胧飞舷碛兄匾匚?。（1）材料所述老子的“名著”是什么？（1分）作為“萬世師表”的孔子，其思想的核心是什么？（1分）戰(zhàn)國時(shí)在思想文化領(lǐng)域出現(xiàn)了“百家爭鳴”的局面，請列舉其中一個(gè)學(xué)派及其代表人物。（1分）
湖南省張家界市2015年中考語文真題試題（含答案）
①馬鈴薯是菜還是糧?在1月6日舉辦的馬鈴薯主糧化發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略研討會上，豐富多彩的馬鈴薯主食制品令人大開眼界。馬鈴薯全粉占比40%的饅頭、面包、馬鈴薯芝士蛋糕等，都顛覆著人們對馬鈴薯的認(rèn)知。②農(nóng)業(yè)部副部長在會上表示，要以科技創(chuàng)新引領(lǐng)馬鈴薯主糧化發(fā)展，推動形成馬鈴薯與谷物協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展的新格局。據(jù)介紹，馬鈴薯有望成為稻米、小麥、玉米之外的第四大主糧作物。它的種植面積將逐步擴(kuò)大到1.5億畝，年產(chǎn)鮮薯增加2億噸，折合糧食約為5000萬噸。
湖南省張家界市2019年中考語文真題試題（含解析）
讀書不能死章句，需要思考一個(gè)“活”字。李白在《嘲魯儒》中說：“魯叟談五經(jīng)，白發(fā)死章句。問以經(jīng)濟(jì)策，茫如墜煙霧。”詩人對那些夸夸其談而沒有真才實(shí)學(xué)的“魯叟”進(jìn)行了辛辣的嘲諷。這些人談起五經(jīng)頭頭是道，問起經(jīng)世濟(jì)民之策卻茫然無知。他們拿腔拿調(diào)，架子十足，卻死于章句，不知時(shí)變。陸游《冬夜讀書示子聿》中的觀點(diǎn)，則更加值得那些“魯叟”們深思。他說“紙上得來終覺淺，絕知此事要躬行”，言詞樸素，滿含哲理，詩中提出的理論與實(shí)踐相結(jié)合的觀點(diǎn)，至今猶有現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。只有在實(shí)踐中才能得真知、悟真諦，真正學(xué)有所獲，學(xué)有所用。
湖南省長沙市2016年中考文綜（歷史部分）真題試題（含答案）
材料 當(dāng)代國學(xué)大師南懷瑾說：中國文化歷史，在秦漢以前，主要是儒、墨、道三家，籠罩了全部的文化思想。到唐宋以后，換了一家，成為儒釋道三家，這三家又籠罩著中國文化思想。佛學(xué)像百貨店，有錢有閑，可去逛逛，逛了買東西也可，根本不逛也可，但社會需要它；道家像藥店，它包括了兵家、縱橫家的思想，乃至天文、地理、醫(yī)藥，一個(gè)國家、民族生病，非去這個(gè)藥店不可；儒家的孔孟思想像糧店，是天天要吃的，要深切了解中國文化歷史的演變、將來怎么辦，就要研究四書。
2022年海南省中考英語真題（原卷版）
YangHongwei, 56, was born into a kite-making family in Weifang. When she was young,she often saw kites with bright colors and different shapes in hergrandfather’s workshop.
2022年河南省中考英語真題（原卷版）
In the large yard stood thirteen trees ofdifferent sizes. One day, while Joey was playing with his sister under thetrees, he noticed that a tree trunk (樹干) had a sad look. He raninto the house to tell his mom about it. She told Joey to find the reason whyit was sad.
2022年湖北省鄂州市中考英語真題（原卷版）
Dealing with a nosebleed（鼻出血）mightseem simple. But recently, the British RED Cross asked parents with youngchildren how to help a child with a nosebleed. About 65 percent of parents didnot ____11____ the correct action to help.
2022年湖北省荊州市中考英語真題（原卷版）
My earliest memory ofthese events began when I was around four years old. I was filled with ___12___ at that time. There were lots of ___13___ — crying, shouting, and doors slamming (砰地關(guān)上).
2022年安徽省中考英語真題（原卷版）
During 1907-1909, British explorer EarnestShackleton explored Antarctica on foot. In 1911, two explorers—a British mannamed Scott and a Norwegian named Amundsen—raced 1, 400 kilometres to the SouthPole (南極).Amundsen arrived first.
2022年江西省中考英語真題（原卷版）
Long ago, a poor old couple lived on the coast.One day, an old storyteller came to their village. The old couple gave him ameal. In return, he gave them a coffee mill (磨粉機(jī))and said, “Say, ‘Mill, please grind (磨粉)’,”
2022年福建省中考英語真題（原卷版）
Thinking that her dream could never come true,Kelly was in low spirits and ____18____ her studies at school. Hermother did all she could to cheer her up, ____19____ Kelly refused tochange. She even took out all her anger and ____20____ on her mother.
2022年吉林省中考英語真題（原卷版）
Taiping nijiaojiao is made of the mudfrom the local mountain. It takes more than ten steps to make the clay toy, andthe key step is to knead (捏) it with your hands. You can knead the clay toyinto anything, like animals and plants. The blowhole is the most difficult partto make, for the size of the blowhole makes a difference to the sound. Whilecoloring, you can use traditional cultural elements (元素) thatcarry good meanings. It’s hard to make taipingnijiaojiao. But when you finally make it, you will feel proud of yourself.
2022年河北省中考英語真題（原卷版）
As a boy, Kevin visited national parks and helearned the Earth is in ___12___ condition. He felt worried, and hewanted to ___13___ the Earth. In 2009, he went to swim in water nearNorth Pole（北極）todraw people’s attention to the melting glaciers（融化的冰川）.
2022年北京市中考英語真題（原卷版）
When itcomes to a meaningful life, we might think of love, happiness and health. Alife filled with meaning is what most of us want for ourselves. Then, whatmakes a meaningful life?Manyresearchers agree that a meaningful life comes down to three factors (因素): havinglong-term goals, believing that one’s life matters, and feeling that one’s lifefits together and “makes sense”.But we believe there is more to consider. Sometimeslife enables us to experience small moments of beauty. When people are open toappreciating (欣賞) suchexperiences, these moments may improve how they see their own life. We callthis experiential appreciation (EA).
2022年貴州省黔東南州中考英語真題（原卷版）
Electric cars may seem like a recent invention,but they have been around for years. In the early 1900s, there were ___16___electric cars on the road than gasoline（汽油）cars, because at that time,gasoline was expensive compared with other fuels（燃料）, electriccars were more popular.
2022年湖北省恩施州中考英語真題（原卷版）
Once, herfather took her to the kitchen. He asked Jane to take a potato, an egg ____11____two spoons of tea leaves. Jane was ____12____, and asked her father, “Doyou want me to cook?”
2022年湖北省十堰市中考英語真題（原卷版）
My arms were shaking and my heart was beating ____19____when I stood at the starting line. ____20____ the endless runway (跑道), I felt like a boatfighting against the wind and rain.