材料一:在朝廷中必須使用漢語,禁用鮮卑語;官員及家屬必須穿戴漢族服飾;將鮮卑族的姓氏改為漢族姓氏……,提倡尊老、養(yǎng)老的風(fēng)氣等。材料二:7世紀(jì)前期,吐蕃杰出贊普松贊干布統(tǒng)一青藏高原,定都邏些,松贊干布仰慕中原文明,幾次向唐求婚。材料三:順治帝接見達(dá)賴五世,并踢予“達(dá)賴?yán)铩钡姆馓枴?滴醯塾謨苑馕迨腊喽U為“班禪額爾德尼”,并規(guī)定以后歷世達(dá)賴和班禪都必經(jīng)過中央政府冊封的制度。(1)材料一所說的是北魏哪一位皇帝的改革?這次改革有什么作用?(2)材料二中松贊干布迎娶了唐朝的哪一位公主?當(dāng)時的皇帝是誰?(3)結(jié)合材料三,1727年,政府設(shè)置___________與達(dá)賴、班禪共同管理西藏事務(wù)。后來,為鞏固統(tǒng)一多民族國家,乾隆帝在新疆設(shè)置____________管轄整個新疆地區(qū)。
材料二 鄭和描述船隊遠(yuǎn)航的情景:觀夫海洋,洪濤接天,巨浪如山……而我之云帆高張,晝夜星馳,涉波狂瀾,若履通衢……——選自鄭和《天妃之神靈應(yīng)記>材料三 新中國的成立,告別了“弱國無外交”的恥辱。中國人民第一次掌握了自己的命運(yùn),贏得了中華民族的尊嚴(yán)和國際上的尊重。50多年來,新中國外交走過了一條催人奮進(jìn)的光彩之路?!x自人教版《教師教學(xué)用書》八年級下冊材料四 20世紀(jì)八九十年代,東西方冷戰(zhàn)結(jié)束,國際形勢趨于緩和,和平與發(fā)展成為世界的發(fā)展趨勢。在發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)的過程中,各國經(jīng)濟(jì)聯(lián)系日益密切,任何一個國家經(jīng)濟(jì)都不可能孤立地發(fā)展下去。于是,世界經(jīng)濟(jì)日益成為一個整體?!x自人教版《世界歷史》九年級下冊(1)請寫出材料一中漢代絲綢之路的起點(diǎn)?(1分)絲綢之路經(jīng)過今新疆地區(qū)和西亞的兩河流域,那么清朝時設(shè)置什么機(jī)構(gòu)管轄整個新疆地區(qū)?(1分)古代世界歷史上兩河流域曾出現(xiàn)過哪一文明古國?(1分)
材料 傳說神農(nóng)氏嘗百草,首開中醫(yī)發(fā)展先河.甲骨文記載的疾病有數(shù)十種,西周時開始分科治病,后期的中醫(yī)學(xué)發(fā)展見表: 時期醫(yī)學(xué)家主要成就文化發(fā)展階段先秦扁鵲用針刺、按摩、湯藥治療,采用望、聞、問、切診斷疾病.勃興秦漢張仲景著作《傷寒雜病論》,闡述中醫(yī)理論和治病原則.發(fā)展、昌盛隋唐孫思邈人稱“藥王”,著作《千金方》,在醫(yī)藥學(xué)史上占有重要地位. 輝煌 明清李時珍著作《本草綱目》廣為流傳,成為世界醫(yī)藥學(xué)的重要文獻(xiàn)總結(jié)
⑦在仰韶文化時期,我國就有了對竹利用的確切記載。竹自竹簡、珠筆到竹紙,在保存和傳播我們中華民族的古老文化上立下了汗馬功勞。以竹為題材的詩詞歌賦,用竹編織和雕刻的藝術(shù)品,竹制的笙管笛簫奏出的音樂,無不給人類美的享受。⑧在我國文化史上,竹蘊(yùn)含著中華民族重要的精神價值。人們在長期的勞動實(shí)踐和文化活動中,把竹的生物特征逐漸升華為一種做人的美德。竹四季常青,不畏逆境,和松、梅并譽(yù)為“歲寒三友”;竹中空外直,虛懷若谷,和梅、蘭、菊并稱為“四君子”。⑨無論是魏晉嵇康、向秀等“竹林七賢”,還是唐朝李白、韓準(zhǔn)等“竹溪六逸”,莫不對竹有一份執(zhí)著和憧憬,清代鄭板橋,與竹為鄰,以竹為友,愛竹、寫竹、畫竹、贊竹。“千磨萬擊還堅韌,任爾東西南北風(fēng)”,正是他堅忍不拔、超凡脫俗的人格寫照。
①2014年年中,世界衛(wèi)生組織(WHO)公布了《2013年全球氣候狀況報告》。報告顯示,2013年全球陸地和海洋表面平均溫度為14.5℃,比1961-1990年的平均溫度升高0.5℃。自有溫度記錄以來,全球14個最熱年份中有13個出現(xiàn)在本世紀(jì),而過去30年中每個10年都比前十年更熱。②厄爾尼諾是發(fā)生在熱帶太平洋上海溫異常增暖的氣候現(xiàn)象,大范圍熱帶太平洋增暖會造成全球氣候變化。進(jìn)入20世紀(jì)70年代后,全球出現(xiàn)的異常天氣,都有范圍廣、災(zāi)情重、時間長等特點(diǎn),而在這一系列異常天氣的背后,厄爾尼諾暖流都起著重要作用。
青蒿素治療瘧疾效果顯著,是抵抗瘧疾耐藥性最好的藥物。中國發(fā)現(xiàn)青蒿素時,美國也研制出一種抗瘧新藥—化學(xué)合成的甲氟喹,但瘧原蟲很快就適應(yīng)了它,產(chǎn)生耐藥性,臨床使用后患者還出現(xiàn)了明顯的不良反應(yīng)。而對于青蒿素這種從中草藥中提取的藥物,瘧原蟲對它完全沒有抵抗能力。1976 年1月,柬埔寨爆發(fā)瘧疾,因瘧原蟲已經(jīng)產(chǎn)生耐藥性,疫情一時難以控制。中國醫(yī)療隊攜帶一批青蒿素在柬埔寨大顯神威,挽救了一大批瘧疾患者的生命。
As a boy, Kevin visited national parks and helearned the Earth is in ___12___ condition. He felt worried, and hewanted to ___13___ the Earth. In 2009, he went to swim in water nearNorth Pole(北極)todraw people’s attention to the melting glaciers(融化的冰川).
When itcomes to a meaningful life, we might think of love, happiness and health. Alife filled with meaning is what most of us want for ourselves. Then, whatmakes a meaningful life?Manyresearchers agree that a meaningful life comes down to three factors (因素): havinglong-term goals, believing that one’s life matters, and feeling that one’s lifefits together and “makes sense”.But we believe there is more to consider. Sometimeslife enables us to experience small moments of beauty. When people are open toappreciating (欣賞) suchexperiences, these moments may improve how they see their own life. We callthis experiential appreciation (EA).
8.1949年10月1日,毛澤東在開國大典上莊言宣告中華人民共和國成立,中國歷史從此揭開了嶄新的篇章。 請回答:(1)1953-1957年我國實(shí)行以發(fā)展 __________ 為重點(diǎn)的第一個五年計劃,建立國家__________和國防現(xiàn)代化的初步基礎(chǔ)。這一時期,__________大型軋鋼廠建成投產(chǎn),連接長江南北的__________建成通車。(4分)
Bike-to-Work Day is held every year across NorthAmerica on the third Friday of May. It was started by the League ofAmerican Bicyclists in 1956. Its aim is to promote (促進(jìn)) the bicycle as a seriouschoice of getting to and from work. In today’s world where global warming is aserious issue, the bicycle is a perfect way of reducing our carbon (碳) footprint.
Fiveyears ago, Jennifer, a girl from Australia, came to Xiangtan University tostudy Chinese. There she fell in love with Chinese culture and met her husband,who is a local (當(dāng)?shù)氐? young man. They got married after she finishedher study. Since then, she has started her new life in Xiangtan City.
Parentsand children often face the challenges of money. Common topics include settingpocket money, learning to save, and deciding to buy expensive things. The goalof most parents is to teach their kids how to deal with money wisely. The goalof most kids is getting money to spend. How can families achieve these goals?
___14___, I think an interest in Englishis very important. When I was in Grade Three, we had a new ___15___ — English,it was new for me. I was interested in it. I worked hard at it. Soon we had anEnglish exam and I got a very good mark. How ___16___ I was! After that,I learned English harder. Our English teacher often teaches us English songs,and ___17___ sound nice. I often think how interesting English is!
FIFA World Cup is one of the biggest sportsevents in the world. It ___11___ every 4 years. The first World Cup wasin 1930. It has a history of over 90 years. During the World Cup, ___12___fans watch the games and cheer for their favorite teams or players. We haveknown some famous football players from the football competitions, such asBeckham, Messi, and Figo. They have excited football fans for many years.
“We thankall the Chinese people for their support and encouragement. Our thanks also goto our workmates who took part in the mission (任務(wù)) and worked with us allthe time,” Zhai said to the reporter after he landed on the ground. “It is thepower and strength of our country that built the high-flying space station. Iam proud of our great motherland.”
A passenger told an air hostess(空姐)thathe needed a cup of water to take his medicine when the plane just took off. Shetold him that she would bring him the ___11___ in ten minutes.
In ourdaily lives, we are often given some boring or tiring tasks. What’s in yourmind when your mom tells you to clean the floor? Have you ever wanted tocomplain(抱怨)? I think most people have.
The boy named Li Banghua is from Hefei. AnhuiProvince. He made the plane completely by himself. The plane is 0.6 meterswide, has a wingspan (翼展) of 4.4 meters and weighs about 40 kilograms.According to a local report, Li just finished his high-school entrance exam ayear ago and got good grades.
一、 說教材 Firstly, let’s focus on theteaching material. It include 3 parts: teaching status、teachingaim、the key and difficult points. Now, I will talk about the analysis of teaching status: 1. 教學(xué)地位(體現(xiàn)教材的整合) The lesson is the first Unit of Module . It focuses on the topic of , and serves as a connectinglink between the preceding and the following unit. So we can see that it playan important role in the whole book. 2. 教學(xué)目標(biāo) (根據(jù)具體內(nèi)容定目標(biāo)和要求) The main instructional aims of teaching English inprimary school is to cultivate pupils’ basic abilitiesof their listening and speaking and their good sense of the English language,so I design 3 aims:
材料一:魏晉以來,官員大多從各地高門權(quán)貴的子弟中選拔.權(quán)貴子弟無論優(yōu)劣,都可以做官.隋煬帝時正式設(shè)置進(jìn)士科,考核參選者對時事的看法,按考試成績選拔人才.從此,門第不高的讀書人,可以憑才學(xué)做官.唐朝時科舉考試科目以進(jìn)士、明經(jīng)最重要,武則天時又推行了殿試和武舉,唐玄宗時詩賦成為進(jìn)士科主要開始內(nèi)容.宋朝時考試內(nèi)容重經(jīng)義,大幅擴(kuò)大進(jìn)士錄取名額.明清時科舉考試只許在四書五經(jīng)范圍內(nèi)命題,答卷的文體必須分為八個部分,被稱為“八股文.”﹣﹣摘編自七年級《中國歷史》下冊等