On a snowy day, there was a man walking in ahurry on the road. His clothes were in poor condition. You might think he was abeggar(乞丐),but in fact he was a painter. His name was Vincent Willem van Gogh.
Duringwork hours in Becker’s bread shop, the kitchen is especially quiet except thesound of the machine. The quiet environment is not the result of the strictrules, but because all the workers are deaf. They use sign language tocommunicate with each other from time to time.
Choose the best choice fromA to F to finish the dialogue. You have one more answer. Each choice should beused only once.A: Hello, I’m a schoolnewspaper reporter. May I ask you some questions?B: ____46____
Mostschools offer different kinds of subjects and activities for students, but someschools offer additional training in certain areas, such as the performing andarts. In this way, schools can help students develop their artistic talentsfrom an early age and have greater success in their future profession. THE ROYAL BALLET(芭蕾舞)SCHOOL
TheChinese knot, a folk art, has a long history. People first made them to recordinformation and send messages before they started to use words. The knots wereused for decoration (裝飾) and to express thoughts and feelings in theTang Dynasty. They were later popular in the Ming and Qing dynasties. But thisart wasn’t really accepted by the common people until the Qing Dynasty.
Antarctica is a continent (大陸) of ice. There is hardlyany rain in Antarctica, so the Antarctic Desert becomes the driest desert inthe world. It is also the world’s largest desert by area.
Chopsticksoriginated from(起源于) China.Though simple and little, they are agreat invention in the history of humans. There are many legends aboutChopsticks, Da Yu and Chopsticks is one of them.It issaid that during Yao and Shun times, Shun ordered Yu to control the flood. Oneday, Yu took a boat to an island, he was so hungry that he used an earth pot tocook meat. After the meat was well-done in boiled water, he didn’t want towaste time to wait for it to cool, so he took two branches to pick up the meatfrom the soup. After, to save time, he always took small branches to take outfood from the hot pot. For a long time, he was skilled at picking up food withsmall sticks. In this way, the first types of chopsticks were born.
2020年,聯(lián)合國(guó)發(fā)布了一份關(guān)于全球氣候變化的報(bào)告。報(bào)告指出,由于氣候變化,全球各地的冰原和冰川發(fā)生減少。2006年至2015年,平均每年全球海平面上升至少3.6毫米。2020年上半年,二氧化碳等溫室氣體濃度達(dá)到了三百萬(wàn)年以來(lái)的最高水平,并且還在持續(xù)上升。
材料二:19世紀(jì)70年代的工業(yè)革命幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生在英國(guó)、德國(guó)、美國(guó)等先進(jìn)的資本主義國(guó)家。一些后進(jìn)國(guó)家如德國(guó)等兩次工業(yè)革命交叉進(jìn)行。自然科學(xué)特別是熱力學(xué)、電磁學(xué)、化學(xué)等方面的新發(fā)展,開(kāi)始與工業(yè)發(fā)展緊密結(jié)合起來(lái)?!幾詣㈧癫取妒澜缡?#183;近代史編》材料三:工業(yè)革命大量使用煤炭,由于沒(méi)有任何環(huán)境保護(hù)措施,煤燃燒時(shí)釋放出含有二氧化硫等有害物質(zhì)的滾滾濃煙,使得天空、建筑物等都變成了一片黝黑。一批與化學(xué)工業(yè)密切相關(guān)的 工廠,將工業(yè)污水和廢棄物排入河中,造成河水黝黑、發(fā)臭,令人作嘔。鋼鐵業(yè)突飛猛進(jìn)的發(fā)展。 對(duì)森林大肆砍伐,使得大片森林不復(fù)存在。——摘編自李宏圖《英國(guó)工業(yè)革命時(shí)期的環(huán)境污染和治理》
24、科技創(chuàng)新是一個(gè)民族發(fā)展的靈魂,是一個(gè)民族進(jìn)步的不竭動(dòng)力。結(jié)合所學(xué)知識(shí),回答下列問(wèn)題。(6分)(1)世界上現(xiàn)存最早的、標(biāo)有確切日期的雕版印刷品是什么?(1分)(2)北宋時(shí),哪一項(xiàng)發(fā)明為航海事業(yè)的發(fā)展做出了貢獻(xiàn)?(1分)(3)被稱(chēng)為“中國(guó)17世紀(jì)的工藝百科全書(shū)”的是哪部作品?(1分)(4)《本草綱目》是一部具有總結(jié)性的藥物學(xué)巨著,西方國(guó)家稱(chēng)它為“東方醫(yī)學(xué)巨典”。 作者是誰(shuí)?(1分)(5)近代中國(guó)人自行設(shè)計(jì)和施工的第一條鐵路干線是什么?(1分)(6)揭開(kāi)制堿奧秘,使我國(guó)制堿技術(shù)躍居世界前列的著名化學(xué)家是誰(shuí)?(1分)
材料一 1898年8月,《萬(wàn)國(guó)公報(bào)》發(fā)表以廣學(xué)會(huì)名義撰寫(xiě)的《速興新學(xué)條例》,提出了多項(xiàng)發(fā)展教育的主張。如主張派遣留學(xué),每年由國(guó)家從學(xué)有所成之士中選100人,資派出洋。又如,主張?jiān)诿恳桓诘睾褪墟?zhèn)各設(shè)學(xué)塾、書(shū)院,專(zhuān)以西文西學(xué)教人。 ——摘編自黃新憲《<萬(wàn)國(guó)公報(bào)>與中國(guó)教育的近代化》材料二 東北自淪陷后,《申報(bào)》報(bào)道了大量東北義勇軍的戰(zhàn)斗情況,對(duì)他們的戰(zhàn)斗成果熱情宣揚(yáng)。1936年底,《申報(bào)》對(duì)傅作義及其所部在紅格爾圖和百靈廟戰(zhàn)役擊潰日偽軍的行動(dòng)進(jìn)行了連續(xù)報(bào)道,大大鼓舞了中國(guó)軍民的士氣。隨著盧溝橋的槍聲響起,《申報(bào)》對(duì)抗戰(zhàn)予以了更多的關(guān)注和報(bào)道。 ——摘編自盤(pán)霄遠(yuǎn)《抗戰(zhàn)全面爆發(fā)后<申報(bào)>對(duì)時(shí)局報(bào)道態(tài)度的研究》
23.新中國(guó)成立以來(lái),農(nóng)村生產(chǎn)關(guān)系經(jīng)歷了四次調(diào)整,請(qǐng)舉出1950年和1978年進(jìn)行調(diào)整的內(nèi)容,(2分)簡(jiǎn)析二者對(duì)城市發(fā)展的影響,(2分)用一句話總結(jié)你對(duì)我國(guó)調(diào)整農(nóng)村生產(chǎn)關(guān)系的認(rèn)識(shí)。(1分)
材料一 當(dāng)代史學(xué)研究者在評(píng)價(jià)漢代開(kāi)辟的絲綢之路時(shí)稱(chēng):“在長(zhǎng)達(dá)1000多年的時(shí)間里,它把黃河文明、恒河文明和希臘文明等諸多人類(lèi)文明起源地串聯(lián)在了一起,被譽(yù)為世界歷史展開(kāi)的主軸?!辈牧隙? 與外界完全隔絕曾是保存舊中國(guó)的首要條件,而當(dāng)這種隔絕狀態(tài)通過(guò)英國(guó)而為暴力所打破的時(shí)候,接踵而來(lái)的必然是解體的過(guò)程,正如小心保存在密封棺材里的木乃伊一接觸新鮮空氣便要解體一樣?!R克思《中國(guó)革命和歐洲革命》
Ibelieved that I was right and he was wrong, and Tony believed that I was wrongand he was right. Our teacher, a kind and smart lady, decided to teach us alesson. She brought us to the front of the class and placed him on one side ofher desk and me on the other. In the middle of her desk was a large and roundobject. I could clearly see that it was black. The teacher asked us what colorthe object was. “White,” Tony answered. I couldn’t believe he said the objectwas white! “Clearly, it was black!” Another argument started between Tony andme, this time about the color of the object.
Ibelieved that I was right and he was wrong, and Tony believed that I was wrongand he was right. Our teacher, a kind and smart lady, decided to teach us alesson. She brought us to the front of the class and placed him on one side ofher desk and me on the other. In the middle of her desk was a large and roundobject. I could clearly see that it was black. The teacher asked us what colorthe object was. “White,” Tony answered. I couldn’t believe he said the objectwas white! “Clearly, it was black!” Another argument started between Tony andme, this time about the color of the object.
10.(12分)科技發(fā)展是大國(guó)崛起的重要因素,崛起后的大國(guó)影響著世界格局的發(fā)展演變。閱讀下列材料,回答問(wèn)題。材料一:宋代是中國(guó)古代科學(xué)技術(shù)發(fā)展史上最輝煌的時(shí)期,幾乎在所有中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)科學(xué)技術(shù)領(lǐng)域都留下了新的記錄。舉世聞名的四大發(fā)明中有三項(xiàng)完成于兩宋時(shí)期……為推動(dòng)世界歷史的進(jìn)程和世界文明的發(fā)展作出了巨大貢獻(xiàn)。——楊寧一主編《歷史學(xué)習(xí)新視野新知識(shí)》 材料二:“如果人們把整個(gè)人類(lèi)社會(huì)的演進(jìn)用12個(gè)小時(shí)來(lái)表示,那么現(xiàn)代工業(yè)時(shí)代只代表最后5分鐘,而不是更多。”英國(guó)是最先發(fā)生這個(gè)5分鐘事件的地方,工業(yè)革命可能是最初的關(guān)健幾秒鐘。正是這個(gè)革命使現(xiàn)代文明降臨人間,人類(lèi)開(kāi)始從農(nóng)業(yè)文明向工業(yè)文明過(guò)渡?!R克垚主編《世界文明史》
A bird went to look for happiness. On ___21___ way, she saw a flower, the flower was short ofwater, but his face was full of ___22___ .
When he was 12, his parents died. He was aloneand didn’t ____11____others. No one showed kindness to him. People always laughed ____12____ him. His only friend was adog named Bobby. He ____13____his dog enough to eat and drink, but he was a little rude(粗魯?shù)?to it sometimes.
B: For 3 days. I expect togo there again.A: Lucky you. I had to stayat home. But I’m planning to travel to Mount Changbai.B: Oh, that’s a good place.I went there three years ago.
38.各國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展并非一帆風(fēng)順。閱讀下列材料,結(jié)合所學(xué)知識(shí),回答下列相關(guān)問(wèn)題。材料一:1992年,一位創(chuàng)立了中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義理論的世紀(jì)偉人,針對(duì)當(dāng)時(shí)有些人擔(dān)心實(shí)行改革開(kāi)放會(huì)使中國(guó)“走上資本主義道路”的困惑,發(fā)表了重要談話。談話中他強(qiáng)調(diào),“發(fā)展才是硬道理”、“改革開(kāi)放的膽子要大一些”、“市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)不等于資本主義,社會(huì)主義也有市場(chǎng)”,明確提出了判斷是非的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。——川教版八年級(jí)下冊(cè)材料二:在某種意義上,有人說(shuō),他挽救了市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)。市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)不是說(shuō)沒(méi)有毛病,出了一些毛病。在20世紀(jì)30年代的時(shí)候,他引進(jìn)了一些新政,然后使市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)又回到一個(gè)比較健康發(fā)展的軌道……開(kāi)創(chuàng)了市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的新模式。在這種模式中,市場(chǎng)的作用和政府的作用同時(shí)得以發(fā)揮?!洞髧?guó)崛起》解說(shuō)詞(1)材料一中,“世紀(jì)偉人”發(fā)表的“重要談話”被稱(chēng)作什么?(1分)“中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義理論”在祖國(guó)統(tǒng)一大業(yè)方面出現(xiàn)了什么創(chuàng)新制度?(1分)哪次會(huì)議揭開(kāi)了“改革開(kāi)放”的序幕?(1分)(2)材料二中的“他”是誰(shuí)?(1分)“他”開(kāi)創(chuàng)的“市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)新模式”為資本主義國(guó)家的發(fā)展提供了怎樣的范例?(1分)