教學(xué)過程【導(dǎo)入新課】在太陽系中,九大行星就好像一個家庭中的九個兄弟,有許多共性,今天,我們就一起來了解九大行星在運動特征和結(jié)構(gòu)特征上的共同之處?!景鍟?.九大行星的運動特征和結(jié)構(gòu)特征【啟發(fā)引導(dǎo)】請同學(xué)們一起閱讀地圖冊上的“太陽系模式圖”,讀圖分析:(1)九大行星在公轉(zhuǎn)的方向、軌道等方面有什么共性?(2)圖中符號“i”、“e”代表什么意思?這兩組數(shù)字能說明什么問題?九大行星公轉(zhuǎn)的方向相同,均為自西向東轉(zhuǎn),我們稱為同向性。符號“i”表示軌道傾角。(簡介黃道、黃道面、軌道傾角)各大 行星的軌道傾角都很小,只有水星和冥王星的大一些,最大也不過17°,說明九大行星的公轉(zhuǎn)軌道近似在同一個平面上,我們稱之為共面性。符號“e”代表公轉(zhuǎn)軌道橢圓的偏心率,即焦點到橢圓中心的距離與橢圓半長軸之比,它決定橢圓的形狀。偏心率越小,越趨向于圓,當(dāng)偏心率為0時,軌道就是圓。
①演示動畫,理解大爆炸宇宙論②主要觀點:? 大約150億年前,我們所處的宇宙全部以粒子的形式、極高的溫度、極大的密度,被擠壓在一個“原始火球”中。? 大爆炸使物質(zhì)四散出擊,宇宙空間不斷膨脹,溫度也相應(yīng)下降,后來相繼出現(xiàn)在宇宙中的所有星系、恒星、行星乃至生命。2、其它宇宙形成理¬——穩(wěn)定理論3、大膽猜測:宇宙的將來史蒂芬·霍金是英國物理學(xué)家,他提出的黑洞理論和宇宙無邊界的設(shè)想成了現(xiàn)代宇宙學(xué)的重要基石?;艚鸬挠钪鏌o邊界的設(shè)想是這樣的:第一,宇宙是無邊的。第二,宇宙不是一個可以任意賦予初始條件或邊界的一般系統(tǒng)?;艚痤A(yù)言宇宙有兩種結(jié)局:永遠(yuǎn)膨脹下去,不斷地擴大,我們將看到所有星系的星球老化、死亡,剩下我們孤零零的,在一片黑暗當(dāng)中?;蛘邥s而在大擠壓處終結(jié)科學(xué)巨人霍金:探索的精神)
(1)我們比較鉛筆的長度,可以說這支鉛筆長些、那只鉛筆短些;如果我們比較兩名同學(xué)的身高,應(yīng)該怎么說?(引導(dǎo)學(xué)生說出“高矮”)(板書:高矮)(2)(請兩位身高相差較大的同學(xué)站起來)誰比較高?誰比較矮?(3)(請兩位身高相差不大的同學(xué)站起來)能不能一眼看出來,誰比較高,誰比較矮?你有什么方法可以比較出他們兩個誰比較高?(小組討論)(4)小組匯報(5)現(xiàn)在我們來玩一個排隊的游戲,四人小組按照從高到矮的順序排隊。(6)練習(xí)一 7、8、 4、小結(jié):今天我們學(xué)了比較長短、比較高矮的方法。其實除了我們今天所說的方法之外,還有很多種方法,我希望同學(xué)們多動動腦筋,想出更多更好的方法。教學(xué)反思:在學(xué)習(xí)《長短、高矮》時,通過老師和學(xué)生、學(xué)生與學(xué)生比高矮,利用手邊的鉛筆、尺等來比長短,使學(xué)生理解長短、高矮是相比較而言的。這些事例是學(xué)生身邊的,學(xué)生看的見、有體驗、說的出來、易于理解的。因此,學(xué)生學(xué)起來容易,而且能夠正確的加以運用。
[在學(xué)生數(shù)的過程中再加強點數(shù)的指導(dǎo),同時有意識的培養(yǎng)學(xué)生按順序數(shù)數(shù)。另外,在數(shù)六朵花、八棵樹、九名女生、十名男生的時候,除了 1 個 1 個地數(shù)以外,還可以引導(dǎo)學(xué)生 2 個 2 個地、3 個 3 個地、4 個 4 個地、5 個 5 個地數(shù)數(shù),為后面學(xué)習(xí) 10 以內(nèi)各數(shù)打基礎(chǔ)。] (2)小組進行交流。 再從 1~10 數(shù)一數(shù)物體的個數(shù)。 (3)認(rèn)一認(rèn)。 師:你認(rèn)識這些數(shù)嗎?邊指邊讀給大家聽聽。 生:邊指 1~10 各數(shù)邊讀一讀。 三、鞏固練習(xí) 1.結(jié)合實物,開展數(shù)數(shù)活動。 (1)按要求數(shù)出下面物體的個數(shù)。 師:同學(xué)們剛才數(shù)得真不錯!你們愿不愿意數(shù)一數(shù)自己文具盒中有幾支鉛筆呀? 生:數(shù)出自己文具盒中有幾支鉛筆并匯報。 師:請同學(xué)們數(shù)一數(shù)你的書包里共有幾本書? 生:數(shù)出自己書包里共有幾本書并匯報…… (2)自由數(shù)物體的個數(shù)。 師:你還想數(shù)哪些物體的個數(shù)?和同桌的小伙伴交流一下。
Her tutor told her to acknowledge __________ other people had said if she cited their ideas, and advised her _______(read) lots of information in order to form __________wise opinion of her own.Now halfway __________ her exchange year, Xie Lei felt much more at home in the UK. She said __________ (engage) in British culture had helped and that she had been__________ (involve) in social activities. She also said while learning about business, she was acting as a cultural messenger __________(build) a bridge between the two countries. keys:Xie Lei, a 19yearold Chinese student, said goodbye to her family and friends in China and boarded (board) a plane for London six months ago in order to get a business qualification. She was ambitious(ambition) to set up a business after graduation. It was the first time that she had left (leave) home.At first, Xie Lei had to adapt to life in a different country. She chose to live with a host family, who can help with her adaptation (adapt) to the new culture. When she missed home, she felt comforted (comfort) to have a second family. Also Xie Lei had to satisfy academic requirements. Her tutor told her to acknowledge what other people had said if she cited their ideas, and advised her to read lots of information in order to form a wise opinion of her own.Now halfway through her exchange year, Xie Lei felt much more at home in the UK. She said engaging (engage) in British culture had helped and that she had been involved (involve) in social activities. She also said while learning about business, she was acting as a cultural messenger building a bridge between the two countries.
The theme of this section is to express people's views on studying abroad. With the continuous development of Chinese economic construction, especially the general improvement of people's living standards, the number of Chinese students studying abroad at their own expense is on the rise. Many students and parents turn their attention to the world and regard studying abroad as an effective way to improve their quality, broaden their horizons and master the world's advanced scientific knowledge, which is very important for the fever of going abroad. Studying abroad is also an important decision made by a family for their children. Therefore, it is of great social significance to discuss this issue. The theme of this section is the column discussion in the newspaper: the advantages and disadvantages of studying abroad. The discourse is about two parents' contribution letters on this issue. They respectively express their own positions. One thinks that the disadvantages outweigh the advantages, and the other thinks that the advantages outweigh the disadvantages. The two parents' arguments are well founded and logical. It is worth noting that the two authors do not express their views on studying abroad from an individual point of view, but from a national or even global point of view. These two articles have the characteristics of both letters and argumentative essays1.Guide the students to read these two articles, and understand the author's point of view and argument ideas2.Help the students to summarize the structure and writing methods of argumentative writing, and guides students to correctly understand the advantages and disadvantages of studying abroad3.Cultivate students' ability to analyze problems objectively, comprehensively and deeply
The activity theme of this section is to design various activities around the key words in the first text. Therefore, the activities require students to pay attention to the spelling of words. On the other hand, let students grasp the meaning of words more accurately through sentences and short texts. This kind of teaching design also helps to improve the ability of using English thinking.1. Cultivating students' ability to use word formation to induce and memorize vocabulary, and the ability to use lexical chunks to express meaning.2. Guide the students to think independently and use the correct form of words to complete sentences3. Cultivate students' habit of using lexical chunks to express language completely, guide students to draw words in sentences quickly, pay attention to word collocation, so as to accumulate more authentic expressions4. Instruct students to create sentences with the chunks.1. Enable students to use the language points in the real situation or specific contexts flexibly and appropriately.2. Guiding the Ss to use unit topic words and the sentence patterns in a richer context.Step1: Think of a word that best fits each definition.1. to remember sth2.to accept, admit, or recognize sth or the truth/existence of sth3. the process of changing sth or yourself to suit a new situation4 .to make sb feel less worried or unhappy5. a strong desire to achieve sth
? B: Absolutely! Getting involved with Chinese cultural activities there definitely helped a lot. I got to practice my Chinese on a daily basis, and I could learn how native Chinese speakers spoke.? A: What do you feel is your biggest achievement?? B: Learning Chinese characters! I have learnt about 1,500 so far. When I first started, I didn't think it was even going to be possible to learn so many, but now I find that I can read signs, menus, and even some easy newspaper articles.? A: What are you most keen on?? B: I've really become keen on learning more about the Chinese culture, in particular Chinese calligraphy. As I have learnt Chinese characters, I have developed a great appreciation for their meaning. I want to explore Chinese characters by learning how to write them in a more beautiful way. ? A: Finally, what do you want to say to anyone interested in learning Chinese?? I have really become keen on learning more about the Chinese culture, in particular Chinese Calligraphy. As I have learnt Chinese character, I have developed a great appreciation for their meaning. I want to explore Chinese characters by learning how to write them in a more beautiful way.? A: Finally, what do you want to say to anyone interested in learning Chinese?? B: I'd say, give it a shot! While some aspects may be difficult, it is quite rewarding and you will be happy that you tried.? A: Thanks for your time. ? B:You're welcome.
1. We'll need ten months at least to have the restaurant decorated.2.Some traditional Chinese dishes from before the Ming Dynasty are still popular today.3.My grandpa's breakfast mainly includes whole grain biscuits and a glass of milk.4.People in this area would eat nearly a kilo of cheese per week.5. We enjoyed a special dinner in a fancy restaurant where the waiters all wore attractive suits.6. He prefers this brand of coffee which, as he said, has an unusually good flavor.Key:1. at a minimum 2. prior to3. consist of4. consume5. elegant6. exceptionalStep 5:Familiarize yourself with some food idioms by matching the meaning on the right with the colored words on the left.1.Public concern for the health of farm animals has mushroomed in the UK2.Anderson may be young but he's certainly rolling to doing dough!3.George is a popular lecturer. He often peppers his speech with jokes.4.As the person to bring home the bacon, he needs to find a stable job.5 He is often regarded as a ham actor for his over emphasized facial expressions. The media reported that these companies had treated pollution as a hot potato. 6.The media reported that these companies had treated pollution as a hot potato.7.Don't worry about the test tomorrow. It's going to be a piece of cake!8. It's best to fold the swimming ring when it is as flat as a pancake.A. completely flatB. something that is very easy to do C.an issue that is hard to deal withD.to include large numbers of somethingE.to earn on e's living to support a familyF. wealthyG.to rapidly increase in numberH. an actor who performs badly, especially by over emphasizing emotions
你校英語報計劃出版一期急救常識專刊,現(xiàn)面向全校學(xué)生公開征集稿件,你有意參加。請你根據(jù)下面提示內(nèi)容,用英語寫一篇短文,介紹在車禍現(xiàn)場對傷者進行急救的方法和步驟。1.確保現(xiàn)場的安全;2.詢問傷者,確保其呼吸正常;3.檢查傷口,如流血則應(yīng)采取止血措施;4.如需急救,確保其處于康復(fù)位置。注意:1.詞數(shù)80左右;2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。參考詞匯:康復(fù)位置 recovery positionAs we all know, having a knowledge of first aid can make a great difference in our daily life. If a traffic accident happens and someone is injured, the following steps can be used to treat the injured.In the first place, we should make sure that the accident scene is safe so that we won’t get hurt. We should ask the injured person if he is OK, and see if he is breathing. What’s more, we should check for cuts and wounds. If he is bleeding badly, it is vital that we should try to stop the bleeding by applying pressure to the injury. This is because if a person loses too much blood, he may die. If necessary, take the injured person to the hospital as soon as possible.Do remember: when giving first aid, please be sure to place the person in a recovery position.
The theme of this part is to write an article about healthy diet. Through reading and writing activities, students can accumulate knowledge about healthy diet, deepen their understanding of the theme of healthy diet, and reflect on their own eating habits. This text describes the basic principles of healthy diet. The author uses data analysis, definition, comparison, examples and other methods. It also provides a demonstration of the use of conjunctions, which provides important information reference for students to complete the next collaborative task, writing skills, vivid language materials and expressions.1. Teach Ss to learn and skillfully use the new words learned from the text.2. Develop students’ ability to understand, extract and summarize information.3. Guide students to understand the theme of healthy diet and reflect on their own eating habits.4. To guide students to analyze and understand the reading discourse from the aspects of theme content, writing structure, language expression, etc., 5. Enable Ss to write in combination with relevant topics and opinions, and to talk about their eating habits.1. Guide students to analyze and understand the reading discourse from the aspects of theme content, writing structure, language expression, etc.2. Enable them to write in combination with relevant topics and opinions, and to talk about their eating habits.3. Guide the students to use the cohesive words correctly, strengthen the textual cohesion, and make the expression fluent and the thinking clear.Step1: Warming upbrainstorm some healthy eating habits.1.Eat slowly.2.Don’t eat too much fat or sugar.3.Eat healthy food.4.Have a balanced diet.Step2: Read the passage and then sum up the main idea of each paragraph.
1. How is Hunan cuisine somewhat different from Sichuan cuisine?The heat in Sichuan cuisine comes from chilies and Sichuan peppercorns. Human cuisine is often hotter and the heat comes from just chilies.2.What are the reasons why Hunan people like spicy food?Because they are a bold people. But many Chinese people think that hot food helps them overcome the effects of rainy or wet weather.3.Why do so many people love steamed fish head covered with chilies?People love it because the meat is quite tender and there are very few small bones.4.Why does Tingting recommend bridge tofu instead of dry pot duck with golden buns?Because bridge tofu has a lighter taste.5 .Why is red braised pork the most famous dish?Because Chairman Mao was from Hunan, and this was his favorite food.Step 5: Instruct students to make a short presentation to the class about your choice. Use the example and useful phrases below to help them.? In groups of three, discuss what types of restaurant you would like to take a foreign visitor to, and why. Then take turns role-playing taking your foreign guest to the restaurant you have chosen. One of you should act as the foreign guest, one as the Chinese host, and one as the waiter or waitress. You may start like this:? EXAMPLE? A: I really love spicy food, so what dish would you recommend?? B: I suggest Mapo tofu.? A: Really ? what's that?
The purpose of this section of vocabulary exercises is to consolidate the key words in the first part of the reading text, let the students write the words according to the English definition, and focus on the detection of the meaning and spelling of the new words. The teaching design includes use English definition to explain words, which is conducive to improving students' interest in vocabulary learning, cultivating their sense of English language and thinking in English, and making students willing to use this method to better grasp the meaning of words, expand their vocabulary, and improve their ability of vocabulary application. Besides, the design offers more context including sentences and short passage for students to practice words flexibly.1. Guide students to understand and consolidate the meaning and usage of the vocabulary in the context, 2. Guide the students to use the unit topic vocabulary in a richer context3. Let the students sort out and accumulate the accumulated vocabulary, establishes the semantic connection between the vocabulary,4. Enable students to understand and master the vocabulary more effectivelyGuiding the Ss to use unit topic words and the sentence patterns in a richer context.Step1: Read the passage about chemical burns and fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box.
The theme of this activity is to learn the first aid knowledge of burns. Burns is common in life, but there are some misunderstandings in manual treatment. This activity provides students with correct first aid methods, so as not to take them for granted in an emergency. This section guides students to analyze the causes of scald and help students avoid such things. From the perspective of text structure and collaborative features, the text is expository. Expository, with explanation as the main way of expression, transmits knowledge and information to readers by analyzing concepts and elaborating examples. This text arranges the information in logical order, clearly presents three parts of the content through the subtitle, accurately describes the causes, types, characteristics and first aid measures of burns, and some paragraphs use topic sentences to summarize the main idea, and the level is very clear.1. Guide students to understand the causes, types, characteristics and first aid methods of burns, through reading2. Enhance students’ ability to deal withburnss and their awareness of burns prevention3. Enable students to improve the ability to judge the types of texts accurately and to master the characteristics and writing techniques of expository texts.Guide students to understand the causes, types, characteristics and first aid methods of burns, through readingStep1: Lead in by discussing the related topic:1. What first-aid techniques do you know of ?CPR; mouth to mouth artificial respiration; the Heimlich Manoeuvre
The theme of this section is to learn how to make emergency calls. Students should learn how to make emergency calls not only in China, but also in foreign countries in English, so that they can be prepared for future situations outside the home.The emergency telephone number is a vital hotline, which should be the most clear, rapid and effective communication with the acute operator.This section helps students to understand the emergency calls in some countries and the precautions for making emergency calls. Through the study of this section, students can accumulate common expressions and sentence patterns in this context. 1.Help students accumulate emergency telephone numbers in different countries and learn more about first aid2.Guide the students to understand the contents and instructions of the telephone, grasp the characteristics of the emergency telephone and the requirements of the emergency telephone.3.Guide students to understand the first aid instructions of the operators.4.Enable Ss to make simulated emergency calls with their partners in the language they have learned1. Instruct students to grasp the key information and important details of the dialogue.2. Instruct students to conduct a similar talk on the relevant topic.Step1:Look and discuss:Match the pictures below to the medical emergencies, and then discuss the questions in groups.
教學(xué)目標(biāo):1.能選擇不同的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)對同一類物品進行不同的分類,掌握分類的方法。2.初步感知不同標(biāo)準(zhǔn)分類的意義,體驗分類結(jié)果在不同標(biāo)準(zhǔn)下的多樣性。3.培養(yǎng)學(xué)生思維的靈活性和發(fā)散性,養(yǎng)成良好的學(xué)習(xí)、生活習(xí)慣。4.培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的操作能力、觀察能力、判斷能力、語言表達(dá)能力和合作交流的意識。5.讓學(xué)生體會到生活中處處有數(shù)學(xué),學(xué)會用學(xué)到的知識解決生活中的實際問題。教學(xué)重、難點:重點:選擇不同標(biāo)準(zhǔn)分類難點:思維的發(fā)散性 關(guān)鍵:在直觀中拓展思維的時空教學(xué)準(zhǔn)備:鉛筆、實物卡片、學(xué)具袋(各種形狀、顏色各異的物品)教學(xué)過程:一、觀察分析 多重分類1.師出示如書本P39頁的鉛筆。(1)觀察這些鉛筆有什么不同?并把它們分分類。(2)四人一小組交流、討論可以怎么分類?是按什么分的?比比哪一組的分法最多。
教學(xué)目標(biāo):1、會用多得多、少得多、多一些、少一些等詞語形象地描述兩個100以內(nèi)的數(shù)之間的大小關(guān)系,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的數(shù)感和語言表達(dá)能力。2、在觀察、比較的過程中,逐步發(fā)展估計意識和簡單的推理能力。3、在觀察、操作、討論、交流的小組式的學(xué)習(xí)過程中激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣,培養(yǎng)合作意識和主動探求知識的能力,從而感知數(shù)學(xué)無處不在。教學(xué)重點:理解多一些、多得多、少一些、少得多的相對性含義,并能夠用準(zhǔn)確地語言進行表述。教學(xué)難點:相對性的理解并能進行正確地表述。教學(xué)過程:一、復(fù)習(xí)舊知。在O里填上>、<或=。63O7558O5898O10056O65先填空再說出比較方法。(復(fù)習(xí)舊知。)
4.操作。(“做一做”第2題) 全班同學(xué)動手操作,1名同學(xué)到投影儀上操作。 (1)第1行擺5個△,在△下面擺○,△要比○多1個。第2行擺幾個○? (2)第1行擺4朵紅花,擺的黃花比紅花少1朵,第2行擺幾朵黃花? 二、運用新知 教科書練習(xí)一第1~4題。 1.第1題:左圖是猴子多,右圖是骨頭多。(避免學(xué)生產(chǎn)生思維定勢) 2.第2題:學(xué)生觀察,看到公雞和鴨子雖然擺的一樣長,但疏密不同,進而判斷擺的密的鴨子的只數(shù)多些,而公雞只數(shù)少些。 3.第3題:學(xué)生在觀察到第一排蛋糕同樣多的基礎(chǔ)上,只需比較兩盒中的第二排。第二排多的就多些,反之,就少些。 4.第4題:此題是在同一排中比較多少,當(dāng)?shù)?次循環(huán)出現(xiàn)珠子時,只出現(xiàn)了一個黃色珠子,所以黃珠子多而紅珠子少。 三、總結(jié) 教師:今天我們學(xué)習(xí)了“比一比”,知道在比較時,一定要一個對著一個比,就會得到正確的結(jié)果。
教學(xué)內(nèi)容:復(fù)習(xí)100以內(nèi)的數(shù)。(教材第98頁第1~4題。)教學(xué)目標(biāo):(1) 認(rèn)識計數(shù)單位“一”和“十”,理解個位、十位上的數(shù)所表示的意義,能夠熟練地數(shù)100以內(nèi)的數(shù),會正確讀寫100以內(nèi)的數(shù),掌握100以內(nèi)數(shù)的組成。(2) 掌握100以內(nèi)數(shù)的順序,會比較100以內(nèi)數(shù)的大小。會用100以內(nèi)的數(shù)來表達(dá)和交流。(3) 在復(fù)習(xí)過程中,感受100以內(nèi)數(shù)的應(yīng)用意義,感受數(shù)學(xué)與生活的密切聯(lián)系。教學(xué)重點:會讀寫100以內(nèi)的數(shù),并能進行簡單數(shù)的大小比較。教學(xué)難點:數(shù)位順序及數(shù)位上數(shù)的意義。教學(xué)準(zhǔn)備;計數(shù)器。教學(xué)過程:一、復(fù)習(xí)數(shù)位出示計數(shù)器。(1) 計數(shù)器從右邊數(shù)起,第一位是什么位?第二位是什么位?第三位是什么位?個位上的一顆珠子表示幾個幾?十位上的1顆珠子表示幾個幾?百位上1顆珠子表示幾個幾?(課件演示)(2) 為什么都是1顆珠子,所表示的數(shù)不同呢?(3) 10個一是多少?10個十是多少?100里面有幾個一?
每組4名小朋友3名在數(shù)位板上擺圓片,1名小朋友對擺出的結(jié)果進行綜合、記錄。3、全班一起用2個圓片擺出不同的數(shù),引導(dǎo)學(xué)生討論一下問題:(1)為什么兩個圓片擺在個位上得到的數(shù)十2,而擺在十位上得到的數(shù)十20?(2)記錄擺出的數(shù)是需要注意什么?(3)怎樣才能知道擺出的數(shù)不遺漏?4、從剛才小朋友們用圓片擺數(shù)的過程,你發(fā)現(xiàn)有沒有規(guī)律?下面我們不擺圓片,能不能在腦子里想擺圓片的方法,直接寫出6個圓片,7個圓片,8個圓片,9個圓片都能表示哪些數(shù)?好,四個人合作,看哪一組填寫的又快又好!學(xué)生分組活動:分別用3、4、5、6、7、8、9個圓片擺出不同的數(shù)。5、從以上我們所擺的圓片個數(shù)和寫出來的數(shù)來看,同學(xué)們觀察到有什么規(guī)律了嗎?誰能說一說。