活動二:說出不開心的事首先,播放視頻《我的煩惱》,學生會發(fā)現(xiàn),自己不開心的事在他人身上也會出現(xiàn)。然后,學生說說自己還有什么不開心的事,教師相機引導。板書:生活中也有不快樂。設計意圖:引導學生將自己遇到的不開心的事說出來,正確認識、接納生活中的不快樂?;顒尤嚎鞓芳s定課件出示兒歌《快樂約定》,學生自己誦讀,再齊讀。設計意圖:學以致用,形成積極樂觀的生活態(tài)度。環(huán)節(jié)三:感悟明理,育情導行學生談一談學習本節(jié)課的收獲,教師相機引導。設計意圖:梳理總結,體驗收獲與成功的喜悅,內(nèi)化提升學生的認識與情感。環(huán)節(jié)四:拓展延伸,回歸生活把不快樂的事忘掉,把快樂的事記心里。設計意圖:將課堂所學延伸到學生的日常生活中,有利于落實行為實踐。
過渡:你們是學校的小主人,學校的發(fā)展不僅需要你們出謀劃策,更需要從身邊的小事做起。你們能為學校做些什么呢? 一集思廣益預設生:我們可以做愛護花草的小衛(wèi)士。生:我應該保護校園里的展示牌。生:在圖書館看書,愛護書本,借后按時歸還?!瓗煟和瑢W們出的主意真是各有各的好,只要大家說到做到,我們的校園一定會越來越美好。二繪制行動方案師:我們不僅要自己做到,還應該讓更多的同學加入進來,請大家以小組為單位,把你們想的寫下來。學生認真繪制行動方案,老師巡視,作品展示。貼為板書教師總結:在學校這方天地間,同學們收獲了本領,擁有了友情,懂得了道理,比起那些上不了學的同齡人來說,你們真的太幸福了,希望同學們能夠珍惜在學校里的每一天,過出屬于自己的精彩!同學們用自己的聰明才智,總結出這么多幫助學校變得更好的方法,希望越來越多的同學能在你們的影響下,做好這一件件不起眼的小事,為我們的學校出點力!
一、教材分析《同學相伴》是統(tǒng)編教材小學《道德與法治》三年級下冊第一單 元第 4 課,共有兩個話題,本節(jié)課學習的是第一個話題《同學相伴的 快樂》,主要是引導學生體會同學在一起共同游戲、共同生活中的快樂,旨在引導學生愿意與同伴在一起,體會樂群的意義。 二、學情分析三年級的學生在兩年半的校園生活中,在與同學相伴方面,已經(jīng)積累了較多的生活經(jīng)驗和體驗,但他們還不能從理性上理解共同生活對于個體的意義。因此,要通過有效的教學,幫助引導學生體會同學相伴的快樂和樂群的意義。三、教學目標與重難點 基于教材、學情的分析,以及對小學道德與法治課程的理解,我確定了本節(jié)課的教學目標與重難點。教學目標我確定了三個。1. 體會同學相伴的快樂。2. 懂得同學相伴的重要性。3. 樂于在生活中與同學合作、分享。教學重點是:體會同學相伴的快樂和樂群的意義。
(2)觀察記錄,找出共同點。1. 觀察: 在食品、衣服、文具、家電產(chǎn)品、藥品等商品中任選一類,收集他們的商品標簽、外包裝、說明書等。2. 比較異同: 比較一下,同類產(chǎn)品有哪些共同的信息。 3. 記錄信息: 仔細閱讀并完成下面的觀察記錄表。4. 認一認:你在哪里看到過這樣的標志,你知道這些標志的含義嗎?【設計理念】通過系列活動,讓學生參與實踐活動中,從中獲得知識。 活動二:避免購物小麻煩(一)讀一讀,析一析,學一學。1. 閱讀常見購物中的陷阱。 “如果你不需要發(fā)票,我可以給你便宜點。” “虧本大甩賣?!?. 分析:容易出現(xiàn)什么麻煩和糾紛?為了避免出現(xiàn)麻煩和糾紛,在購物時應注意哪些問題?3. 學習“小貼士”。4. 出主意:你還有什么要提醒大家的嗎?(二)交流、分享經(jīng)驗。你有網(wǎng)購的經(jīng)歷嗎?你知道網(wǎng)購需要注意哪些問題嗎?和同學們分享一下
一、 閱讀來信和禮物券 1、(出示信封)今天早上,媽媽在信箱里發(fā)現(xiàn)了一封信,猜猜是誰寫給我們的? 2、猜謎語:紅眼睛,白皮襖/長耳朵,真靈巧/愛吃蘿卜和青菜/走起路來跳呀跳 3、喲,是寫給我們的呀!咦,會是誰給我們寫的信呢? 4、引導幼兒觀察信封右下角的兔奶奶:(老花眼鏡、額頭的皺紋等) 5、兔奶奶寫信給我們,不知道有什么事,讓我們一起看看,好嗎? 6、師生一起讀信(教師讀信,引導幼兒看圖) a、(蛋糕)這是什么呀?什么時候要吃蛋糕? B、原來,兔奶奶要生日了,她請我們?nèi)ジ墒裁??那你們誰想去?
2、通過看看,說說,做做,讓幼兒了解標志有不同的含意,知道生活中許多地方都離不開它,從而豐富幼兒的生活經(jīng)驗,增強幼兒自我保護意識?! 』顒訙蕚洹 ∨浜线M行教育活動的多媒體課件,幼兒制作標志的紙、筆等、供幼兒張貼的標志若干?! 』顒舆^程:1、觀看多媒體課件,引起幼兒活動的興趣?! 〗處熖釂枺哼@里有些什么?從哪里看出來的?2、教師小結:看到了這些標志,就知道這是哪里了。標志是各種各樣的,代表了不同的意思。如:看到紅“+”,就知道是醫(yī)院,看見大滑梯等玩具就知道是幼兒園……3、請幼兒觀看課件中的標志,并說出你在哪見過?它告所我們什么?(教師可為幼兒準備一些交通標志、安全標志等)
2、引導幼兒學會互相幫助?;顒訙蕚?、幼兒疊衣服圖一張,幼兒扔衣服圖一張。2、幼兒穿衣圖一張,幼兒找衣圖一張?;顒舆^程1、出示第一組圖,教師根據(jù)圖意講故事。 圖上兩個小朋友在干什么? 你喜歡哪個小朋友? 你為什么喜歡第一個小朋友而不喜歡第二個小朋友?
一、教材分析人教版高中思想政治必修4生活與哲學第一單元第三課第二框題《哲學史上的偉大變革》。本框主要內(nèi)容有馬克思主義哲學的產(chǎn)生和它的基本特征、馬克思主義的中國化的三大理論成果。學習本框內(nèi)容對學生來講,將有助于他們正確認識馬克思主義,運用馬克思主義中國化的理論成果,分析解決遇到的社會問題。具有很強的現(xiàn)實指導意義。二、學情分析高二學生已經(jīng)具備了一定的歷史知識,思維能力有一定提高,思想活躍,處于世界觀、人生觀形成時期,對一些社會現(xiàn)象能主動思考,但尚需正確加以引導,激發(fā)學生學習馬克思主義哲學的興趣。三、教學目標1.馬克思主義哲學產(chǎn)生的階級基礎、自然科學基礎和理論來源,馬克思主義哲學的基本特征。2.通過對馬克思主義哲學的產(chǎn)生和基本特征的學習,培養(yǎng)學生鑒別理論是非的能力,進而運用馬克思主義哲學的基本觀點分析和解決生活實踐中的問題。3.實踐的觀點是馬克思主義哲學的首要和基本的觀點,培養(yǎng)學生在實踐中分析問題和解決問題的能力,進而培養(yǎng)學生在實踐活動中的科學探索精神和革命批判精神。
二、相對論的創(chuàng)立【課件】展示下列材料艾伯特·愛因斯坦(1879——1955),1879年3月14日誕生在德國烏爾姆的一個猶太人家中。1894年舉家遷居意大利米蘭。1900年畢業(yè)于瑞士蘇黎世工業(yè)大學。愛因斯坦被認為是最富于創(chuàng)造力的科學家,他不但創(chuàng)立了相對論,還提出了光量子的概念,得出了光電效應的基本定律,并揭示了光的波粒二重性本質(zhì),為量子力學的建立奠定基礎。為此榮獲1921年度的諾貝爾物理學獎。同時,他還證明了熱的分子運動論,提出了測定分子大小的新方法?!締栴}】19世紀末20世紀初愛因斯坦對物理學的貢獻是什么?意義是什么?為什么會出現(xiàn)?1、背景:經(jīng)典物理學的危機。19世紀末三大發(fā)現(xiàn):x射線、放射性和電子,經(jīng)典力學無法解釋研究中的新問題,如:黑體輻射、光電效應等。2、相對論的提出及主要內(nèi)容:(1)“狹義相對論”和光速不變原理:1905年提出。
實驗是學習生物的手段和基礎,是培養(yǎng)學生分析問題、解決問題的能力及創(chuàng)造能力的載體。新課程倡導:強調(diào)過程,強調(diào)學生探索新知識的經(jīng)歷和獲得新知的體驗,不能在讓教學脫離學生的內(nèi)心感受,必須讓學生追求過程的體驗。并且每年高考都有對生物學實驗的考查,而且比例越來越重,而學生的失分比例大,主要在于他們沒有完整的生物實驗設計模式,考慮問題欠缺,本節(jié)安排在第二課時完整講述高中生物學實驗設計,是以學生在第一課時和前面探究實驗接觸的前提下,完整體驗生物實驗設計模式,為后面學習探究實驗打下基礎,也為培養(yǎng)學生分析問題、解決問題從一開始就打好基礎。五、說教學過程:第一課時聯(lián)系生活,導入新課,激發(fā)學生學習興趣→細胞代謝→問題探究,酶在代謝中的作用,掌握科學實驗方法→酶的本質(zhì),運用方法,自主歸納獲取新知→小結練習,突出重點易化難點
3、課堂小結,強化認識。(2—3分鐘)通過總結本課的知識,簡單的用三個概念三個關系,簡明扼要的總結出本節(jié)課的知識,突出本框題的重難點。其中重點給學生梳理一下哲學的含義,使學生在學習的最后對于哲學有一個全面而準確的理解,強化學生對于哲學的認識。4、課堂練習針對高中學生初步接觸哲學,運用哲學思維來分析哲學問題的能力還需要今后的培養(yǎng),我進行了分層的方式來設計習題,這樣設計一方面符合學生認知的能力,由簡單到困難,一步步的深入,另一方面,在練習的過程中,也可以使學生鞏固基礎知識,使學有余力的學生繼續(xù)提高,充分考慮到學生的實際情況。5、板書設計為了強化教學效果,我會在授課的過程中適時的書寫板書,我的板書設計總的來說是以簡潔明了的形式展示,便于學生一目了然的把握本節(jié)課的重難點,也可以建立知識間的聯(lián)系,便于學生形成完整的知識體系。
一、教材分析1、本框題在教材中的地位。本框題教材所處的地位及聯(lián)系:《關于世界觀的學說》是人教版2004年12月第一版教材高二政治必修4第一單元第二框題,在這之前學生已經(jīng)學習了生活處處有哲學的內(nèi)容,了解了哲學與我們的生活息息相關,這為過度到本框題的學習起到了鋪墊的作用。本框題又是學生進入哲學的入門,因而它在生活與哲學中具有不容忽視的重要地位。學好本框題,為學生從總體上對哲學的理解,為以后學好哲學做了良好的鋪墊作用。本框題是進入哲學與生活不可缺少的部分,也學生的學習生活常常遇到的問題。2、教學目標:1. 知識目標:(1)哲學的含義;(2)哲學與世界觀的關系;(3)哲學與具體科學知識的關系。2. 能力目標:(1)通過對哲學與世界觀、方法論、具體知識三對關系的分析,培養(yǎng)辯證思維的能;(2)通過對身邊生活事例、哲理故事、哲學家觀點的體悟,培養(yǎng)分析問題的能力;
2、講授新課:(35分鐘)通過教材第一目的講解,讓學生明白,生活和學習中有許多蘊涵哲學道理的故事,表明哲學并不神秘總結并過渡:生活也離不開哲學,哲學可以是我正確看待自然、人生、和社會的發(fā)展,從而指導人們正確的認識和改造世界。整個過程將伴隨著多媒體影像資料和生生對話討論以提高學生的積極性。3、課堂反饋,知識遷移。最后對本科課進行小結,鞏固重點難點,將本課的哲學知識遷移到與生活相關的例子,實現(xiàn)對知識的升華以及學生的再次創(chuàng)新;可使學生更深刻地理解重點和難點,為下一框?qū)W習做好準備。4、板書設計我采用直觀板書的方法,對本課的知識網(wǎng)絡在多媒體上進行展示。盡可能的簡潔,清晰。使學生對知識框架一目了然,幫助學生構建本課的知識結構。5、布置作業(yè)我會留適當?shù)淖詼y題及教學案例讓同學們做課后練習和思考,檢驗學生對本課重點的掌握以及對難點的理解。并及時反饋。對學生在理解中仍有困難的知識點,我會在以后的教學中予以疏導。
五.說教學過程:(重點)1.課題引入:課堂探究導入新課。采用教材現(xiàn)成的探究活動導入新課,既“溫故”又“知新”,還節(jié)約了課堂有效時間。2.講授新課:(20-25分鐘)本課的重難點是關于哲學基本問題的解釋,我引用一個很著名的學生也略知一二的唯心主義觀點的例子(課堂探究1)順利進入本課重要知識點的學習,采用案例教學,激發(fā)學生的興趣以及探究問題的欲望,學習哲學基本問題的第一個方面,并用問題和練習形式鞏固知識,強化學生易錯已混知識點;課堂探究2,同樣引用哲學上的著名案例讓學生分析探究思考以及合作交流,學生趣味濃厚,主動深入學習本課知識,達到預期教學目的。此時,本課的重點知識教學完成。關于本課的第二個知識點“為什么思維和存在的關系問題是哲學的基本問題”采用學生自主閱讀、合作交流的方法,歸納總結,完成本知識目標。3.課堂反饋、知識遷移(10-15分鐘)采用學生總結、隨堂練習等形式鞏固本課知識,同時檢驗教學效果。可使學生更深刻的理解教學重點。
②關于哲學的第二個問題是——思維和存在有沒有同一性解釋同一性——就是說意識(思維)能否正確認識物質(zhì)(存在)的問題。(讓學生表達他們自己的意見)總結得出三種看法——認為意識(思維)可以正確認識物質(zhì)(存在)的,屬于可知論者;凡是認為意識(思維)不能正確認識物質(zhì)(存在),屬于不可知論者。當然也有些同學是兩者觀點都有,這種同學我們把他稱為不徹底的不可知論者。2、為什么思維和存在的關系問題是哲學的基本問題(1)它是人們在生活和實踐活動中首先遇到和無法回避的基本問題(舉例說明問題,吃飯的時候吃什么菜,學習計劃與學習的實際等等)結合教材P10探究進行講解舉例:11月31日請全班同學吃雪糕,吃完后再去肯德基大吃一頓,之后再到卡拉OK唱通宵——不切實際,因為11月并沒有31日。(2)它是一切哲學都不能回避、必須回答的問題(不同的回答,直接決定著哲學的不同發(fā)展方向。)
4.That was an experience that frightened everyone. →That was _____________________. 答案:1. taking 2. being discussed 3. in the reading room 4. a frightening experienceStep 6 The meaning and function of V-ing as the predicative動詞-ing形式作表語,它通常位于系動詞后面,用以說明主語“是什么”或“怎么樣”一種表示主語的特質(zhì)、特征和狀態(tài), 其作用相當于形容詞; 另一種具體說明主語的內(nèi)容, 即主語等同于表語, 兩者可互換。The music they are playing sounds so exciting. 他們演奏的音樂聽起來令人激動。The result is disappointing. 結果令人失望。Our job is playing all kinds of music. 我們的工作就是演奏各種音樂。Seeing is believing. 眼見為實。Step 7 Practice1. It is ________(amaze) that the boy is able to solve the problem so quickly.2. Buying a car is simply _______(waste) money. 3. Please stop making the noise—it’s getting ________(annoy). 4. complete the passage with the appropriate -ing form.La Tomatina is a festival that takes place in the Spanish town Bunol every August. I think many food festivals are __________ because people are just eating. however, this festival is _________ because people don't actually eat the tomatoes. Instead, they throw them at each other! the number of people ________ part in this tomato fight, can reach up to 20,000, and it is a very __________ fight that lasts for a whole hour. The _______ thing is how clean Bunol is after the tomatoes are washed away after the fight. this is because the juice form tomatoes is really good for making surfaces clean!答案:1. amazing 2. wasting 3. annoying4. boring interesting taking exciting amazing
The topic of this part is “Discover the reasons for festivals and celebrations.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at talking about the experiences and feelings or emotions about the festivals and celebrations. This section aims at detecting the reason why the people celebrate the festivals, the time, the places, the types and the way of celebrations. It also explains why some traditions in the old celebrations are disappearing, like the firecrackers in the big cities and some new things are appearing like the prosperity of business or commerce. 1. Students can talk about what festivals they know and the reasons and the way of celebrating them.2. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.3. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them. 4. Students can have the international awareness about the festivals.1. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.2. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat festival do you like best ? Why ?I like the Spring Festivals because I can set off the fireworks, receive the lucky money and enjoy the Gala with my families.Step 2 Before reading---Pair workWhy do people celebrate different festivals ?The Spring Festivals is to celebrate the end of winter and the coming of spring and new life.The Mid-autumn Day is to celebrate the harvest and admire the moon.
The theme of this section is “Talk about festival activities and festival experiences”.Festival and holiday is a relaxing and interesting topic for students. This part talks about the topic from the daily life of students’. In the part A ---Listening and Speaking, there are three conversations among different speakers from three countries(Japan, Rio and China), where the speakers are participating in or going to participate in the festivals and celebrations. So listening for the relationship among them is a fundamental task. Actually, with the globalization and more international communication, it is normal for Chinese or foreigners to witness different festivals and celebrations in or out of China. In the Conversation 1, a foreign reporter is interviewing a Japanese young girl who just had participated in the ceremony of the Coming-of-Age Day on the street and asking her feeling about the ceremony and the afterwards activities. Conversation 2, Chinese girl Li Mei is witnessing the Rio Carnival for the first time, and her friend Carla gives her some advice on the costumes which enables her to match with the carnival to have a good time. Conversation 3, a Chinese guide is showing a group of foreign visitors around the Lantern Festival and introducing the customs of the festival to them. The three conversations have a strong vitality and insert the festival and cultural elements from different countries. So perceiving the festivals and cultures from different countries is the second task. At the same time, the scripts also insert the targeted grammar --- v-ing as attributive and predicative, which students can perceive and experience in a real context and make a road for the further study. That is the third task. In the Part B--- Listening and Talking, the theme is “Talk about festival experience”, which is the common topic in our daily conversations. During the conversation, Song Lin, a Chinese student, asked Canadian friend Max about how to spend Christmas. In the conversation, Song Lin talked about experience and the feelings during the Chinese Spring Festival, during which there are not only some enjoyable things but some unpleasant things. After the listening, perhaps students find there are some similarities between Christmas and the Chinese Spring Festival as there are some differences in the origins and celebrations. For example, people always visit friends and relatives, decorate their houses, have a big dinner together, chat and give presents to each other.
Step 3 Analyzing article structureActivity 31. Teachers raise questions to guide students to analyze the chapter structure of this diary and think about how to describe the festival experience. (1)What should be included in the opening/body/closing paragraph(s)?(2)How did the writer arrange his/her ideas?(3)What kind of interesting details did the writer describe?(4)How did the writer describe his/her feelings/emotions during the event?2. Students read and compare the three sentence patterns in activity 2. Try to rewrite the first paragraph of the diary with these three sentence patterns. After that, students exchange corrections with their partners. Such as:●This was my first time spending three days experiencing the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and it was an enjoyable and exciting experience. ●I'll never forget my experience at the Naadam Festival because it was my first time to watch the exciting Mongolian games of horse racing, wrestling, and archery so closely. ●I'll always remember my first experience at the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region because it was so amazing to spend three days witnessing a grand Mongolian ceremony. Step 4 Accumulation of statementsActivity 41. Ask the students to read the diary again. Look for sentences that express feelings and emotions, especially those with the -ing form and the past participle. Such as:● …h(huán)orse racing, wrestling, and archery, which are all so exciting to watch. ● some amazing performances● I was surprised to see…● I was a little worried about. . . ● feeling really tiredOther emotional statements:●I absolutely enjoyed the archery, too, but the horse races were my favourite part. ●I'm finally back home now, feeling really tired, but celebrating Naadam with my friend was totally worth it. ●He invited me back for the winter to stay in a traditional Mongolian tent and cat hot pot. I can’t wait!2. In addition to the use of the -ing form and the past participle, the teacher should guide the students in the appreciation of these statements, ask them to memorize them, and encourage them to use them reasonably in writing practice.
The topic of this part is “Write about your festival experience”.During the Listening and Speaking and Talking, students are just asked to say out their festival experiences such as the Spring Festival, Mid-autumn Day, but this part students will be asked to write down their own festival experiences. During the reading part, it introduces the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which can give students a good example to imitate. Students not only learn the festival, but touch and feel the Inner Mongolian’s character, the spirit and cultural atmosphere, which can help students form the cultural awareness and learn to enjoy and value the diversity of Chinese culture.Concretely, the dairy tells the experience that the author spent the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region with his/her friend. The structure is clear. In the opening paragraph, it introduces the topic of the Naadam Festival and the whole feeling. Then it introduces the items of the festival like the ceremony, wrestling and horse racing. Finally, it summarizes this experience. Because this part is a travel journal, we must guide students pay more attention to these details: 1. use the first person. 2. use the past tense to tell the past thing and use the present or future tense to describe the scenery. 3. use the timeline to tell the development. 4. be careful for the author’s psychology, emotion and feeling, etc.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information about Naadam Festival.2. Learn the structure of the reading article and language.3. Write an article about a festival experience4. Learn to use the psychology, emotions and feeling in the writing.1. Write an article about a festival experience.2. Use the structure of the reading article and language.
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