實(shí)驗?zāi)繕?biāo):1、知道打點(diǎn)計時器的構(gòu)造和原理,學(xué)會使用打點(diǎn)計時器,能根據(jù)打出的紙帶計算打幾個點(diǎn)所用的時間,會計算紙帶的平均速度,能根據(jù)紙帶粗略測量紙帶的瞬時速度,認(rèn)識v-t圖象,并能根據(jù)v-t圖象判斷物體的運(yùn)動情況。2、通過速度測量過程的體驗,領(lǐng)悟兩個方法:一是用圖象處理物理數(shù)據(jù)的方法;二是極限法或說無限趨近法,加強(qiáng)一個認(rèn)識,實(shí)驗是檢驗理論的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。實(shí)驗器材:電源(220v電源或?qū)W生電源),打點(diǎn)計時器,紙帶,刻度尺(最好是塑料透明的),導(dǎo)線實(shí)驗準(zhǔn)備:1、仔細(xì)觀察電磁打點(diǎn)計時器和電火花計時器,對照課本,比較它們的異同。2、兩類打點(diǎn)計時器的打點(diǎn)時間間隔是多少?3、分析紙帶時,如何計算紙帶的平均速度。4、嚴(yán)格地說,瞬時速度我們引進(jìn)測量出來的,你知道用什么方法求出的速度可以代替某點(diǎn)的瞬時速度嗎?5、從器材上讀取的數(shù)據(jù)是原始數(shù)據(jù),原始數(shù)據(jù)是寶貴的實(shí)驗資料,要嚴(yán)肅對待,要整齊的記錄,妥善保存。
三、制定實(shí)驗方案的兩個問題:1.怎樣測量(或比較)物體的加速度:引導(dǎo)學(xué)生思考、討論并交流。學(xué)生可能會提出下面的一些方案:方法一:測出初速度為零的勻加速直線運(yùn)動的物體在 時間內(nèi)的位移 ,則 ;方法二:在運(yùn)動的物體上安裝一條打點(diǎn)計時器的紙帶,根據(jù)紙帶上打出的點(diǎn)來測量加速度;方法三:測出兩個初速度為零的勻加速運(yùn)動的物體在相同的時間內(nèi)發(fā)生的位移 、 ,則 ;方法四:測出兩個初速度為零的勻加速運(yùn)動的物體在相同的位移內(nèi)所用的時間 、 ,則 ;2.怎樣提供并測量物體所受的恒力:教師提出:現(xiàn)實(shí)中,除了在真空中拋出或落下的物體(僅受重力)外,僅受一個力的物體幾乎是不存在的。然而,一個單獨(dú)的力作用效果與跟它大小、方向都相同的合力的作用效果是相同的,因此,實(shí)驗中力 的含義指物體所受的合力。以在水平軌道上用繩牽引小車加速運(yùn)動為例,小車受到四個力的作用,即重力、支持力、繩的拉力和軌道對小車的摩擦力(當(dāng)物體運(yùn)動的速度比較小時,我們可以忽略空氣的阻力)。
具體過程:先用懸掛法確定重心之后,在板上固定一條細(xì)線ab,讓ab穿過重心c點(diǎn),再在其重心c處拴上細(xì)繩提拉,驗證薄板可以水平平衡.如圖3-1-6、3-1-7所示.歸納:物體的重心可在物體之上,也可在物體之外.結(jié)論:規(guī)則均勻的物體重心在其幾何中心;不規(guī)則不均勻的物體重心用懸掛法.例3一個被吊著的均勻的球殼,其內(nèi)部注滿了水,在球的底部有一帶閥門的細(xì)出水口.在打開閥門讓水慢慢流出的過程中,球殼與其中的水的共同重心將會()A.一直下降B.一直不變C.先下降后上升D.先上升后下降先讓學(xué)生自己回答,估計很多學(xué)生會選擇A;教師提示開始和最終重心的位置,學(xué)生很快就能得出正確答案.借機(jī)引導(dǎo)學(xué)生思考問題要全面.參考答案:在注滿水時,球殼和水的共同重心在球心,隨著水的流出,球殼的重心不變,但是水的重心下降,二者共同的重心在下降.當(dāng)水流完時,重心又回到球心,故選項C正確.
四、速度和速率學(xué)生閱讀教材第18頁相應(yīng)部分的知識點(diǎn),讓學(xué)生總結(jié).生:速度既有大小,又有方向,是矢量,速度的大小叫速率,教師引導(dǎo)學(xué)生看教材第18頁圖1.3—2.觀察汽車的速度計,討論后說出你從表盤上獲取的有用信息。生:汽車的速率.指針指在相應(yīng)數(shù)字的瞬間,就表示汽車在那一瞬時的速率是那個值.生:還可以從表盤上直接讀出公里里程.師:日常生活中的“速度”有時指速度,也有時指速率,要看實(shí)際的物理情景。[討論與交流]甲、乙兩位同學(xué)用不同的時間圍繞操場跑了一圈,都回到了出發(fā)點(diǎn),他們的平均速度相同嗎?怎樣比較他們運(yùn)動的快慢?學(xué)生討論,體驗平均速度的缺陷,引入平均速率。生1:位移都是零,平均速度等于位移跟發(fā)生這段位移所用時間的比值,所以他們的平均速度都是零。生2:即使一位同學(xué)站在原地不跑,他的平均速度也是零啊,可我們運(yùn)動會上不是這樣比快慢的,如果這樣,那多不公平啊?
2、過程與方法(1)聯(lián)系生活實(shí)際,通過師生共同討論的方法來確定時刻與時間、位置、位移及其路程的關(guān)系。(2)通過類比的數(shù)學(xué)方法用數(shù)學(xué)上的點(diǎn)、線段來突破時刻與時間的關(guān)系,直線運(yùn)動的位置和位移。(3)嘗試運(yùn)用所學(xué)的概念判斷一些與生活相關(guān)的實(shí)際問題。3.情感態(tài)度與價值觀(1)通過本節(jié)課的學(xué)習(xí),使學(xué)生體會到物理現(xiàn)象和規(guī)律所蘊(yùn)含的自然美。(2)通過對問題的討論,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生勇于探究與日常生活有關(guān)的物理學(xué)問題。(3)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生有主動與他人合作的團(tuán)隊精神,提高學(xué)生的科學(xué)素養(yǎng)。二、教學(xué)重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)重點(diǎn):1、時間、時刻、位置、位移的概念。2、矢量與標(biāo)量的概念。難點(diǎn):1、時刻與時間、路程和位移的區(qū)別。2、用坐標(biāo)表示時刻、時間、位移的方法。3、矢量與標(biāo)量的區(qū)別。
1.加速度與力的關(guān)系:實(shí)驗的基本思路是保持物體的質(zhì)量不變,測量物體在不同的力的作用下的加速度,分析加速度與力的關(guān)系。有了實(shí)驗的基本思路,接下去我們就要準(zhǔn)備實(shí)驗器材,以及為記錄實(shí)驗數(shù)據(jù)而設(shè)計一個表格。為了更直觀地判斷加速度與力的數(shù)量關(guān)系,我們以 為縱坐標(biāo)、 為橫坐標(biāo)建立坐標(biāo)系,根據(jù)各組數(shù)據(jù)在坐標(biāo)系中描點(diǎn)。如果這些點(diǎn)在一條過原點(diǎn)的直線上,說明 與 成正比,如果不是這樣,則需進(jìn)一步分析。2.加速度與質(zhì)量的關(guān)系:實(shí)驗的基本思路是保持物體所受力不變,測量不同質(zhì)量的物體在該力作用下的加速度,分析加速度與質(zhì)量的關(guān)系。有了實(shí)驗的基本思路,接下去我們就要準(zhǔn)備實(shí)驗器材,以及為記錄實(shí)驗數(shù)據(jù)而設(shè)計一個表格。為了更直觀地判斷加速度與質(zhì)量的數(shù)量關(guān)系,我們以 為縱坐標(biāo)、 為橫坐標(biāo)建立坐標(biāo)系,根據(jù)各組數(shù)據(jù)在坐標(biāo)系中描點(diǎn),根據(jù)擬合的曲線形狀,初步判斷 與 的關(guān)系是反比例函數(shù)。再把 圖像改畫為 圖像,如果是一條過原點(diǎn)的斜直線,說明自己的猜測是否正確。
(創(chuàng)設(shè)實(shí)例:多媒體播放視頻劉翔的110m欄。)1.提出問題:怎樣定量(準(zhǔn)確)人描述車或劉翔所在的位置?2.提示:你的描述必須能反映物體(或人)的運(yùn)動特點(diǎn)(直線)、運(yùn)動方向、各點(diǎn)之間的距離等因素。3.總結(jié):①為了定量地描述物體的位置及位置的變化,需要在參考系上建立適當(dāng)?shù)淖鴺?biāo)系。坐標(biāo)系是在參考系的基礎(chǔ)上抽象出來的概念,是抽象化的參考系。為了定量地描述物體的位置及位置的變化需要在參考系上建立適當(dāng)?shù)淖鴺?biāo)系,如果物體在一維空間運(yùn)動,即沿一條直線運(yùn)動,只需建立直線坐標(biāo)系,就能準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)物體的位置;如果物體在二維空間運(yùn)動,即在同一平面運(yùn)動,就需要建立平面直角坐標(biāo)系來描述物體的位置;當(dāng)物體在三維空間運(yùn)動時,則需要建立三維坐標(biāo)系。①一維坐標(biāo):描述物體在一條直線上運(yùn)動,即物體做一維運(yùn)動時,可以以這條直線為x軸,在直線上規(guī)定原點(diǎn)、正方向和單位長度,建立直線坐標(biāo)系。如圖1-1-1所示,若某一物體運(yùn)動到A點(diǎn),此時它的位置坐標(biāo)XA=3m,若它運(yùn)動到B點(diǎn),則此時它的坐標(biāo)XB=-2m(“-”表示沿X軸負(fù)方向)。
閱讀教材后總結(jié):是萬有引力的作用把宇宙中的恒星和行星聚集在一起,組成了太陽系、銀河系和其他星系.力的相互作用遍布我們周圍的一切物體.除此之外還有電荷間的相互作用、磁體間的相互作用,我們把這種力稱為電磁相互作用.【思考與討論】質(zhì)子帶正電,但質(zhì)子(與中子一起)卻能聚集在一起構(gòu)成原子核.你能推測是什么力的作用結(jié)果嗎?攻略一:閱讀教材53頁,師生共同討論、總結(jié).攻略二:網(wǎng)絡(luò)搜索或工具書查閱“四種基本相互作用”,進(jìn)一步了解概念.結(jié)論:決定物質(zhì)的結(jié)構(gòu)和變化過程的基本的相互作用.近代物理確認(rèn)各種物質(zhì)之間的基本的相互作用可歸結(jié)為四種:引力相互作用、電磁相互作用、弱相互作用和強(qiáng)相互作用.近代物理的觀點(diǎn)傾向于認(rèn)為:四種基本相互作用是統(tǒng)一的,物理學(xué)家們正在為建立大統(tǒng)一理論而努力.但至今也沒有公認(rèn)的結(jié)論,望同學(xué)們好好學(xué)習(xí),為科學(xué)事業(yè)奉獻(xiàn)自己的聰明和才智.
生:還可以從表盤上直接讀出公里里程.師:日常生活中的“速度”有時指速度,也有時指速率,要看實(shí)際的物理情景。[討論與交流]甲、乙兩位同學(xué)用不同的時間圍繞操場跑了一圈,都回到了出發(fā)點(diǎn),他們的平均速度相同嗎?怎樣比較他們運(yùn)動的快慢?學(xué)生討論,體驗平均速度的缺陷,引入平均速率。生1:位移都是零,平均速度等于位移跟發(fā)生這段位移所用時間的比值,所以他們的平均速度都是零。生2:即使一位同學(xué)站在原地不跑,他的平均速度也是零啊,可我們運(yùn)動會上不是這樣比快慢的,如果這樣,那多不公平啊?師:平均速度v=Δx/Δt,甲、乙的位移都為零,所以他們的平均速度也都等于零.在這里平均速度無法顯示他們運(yùn)動快慢的不同,要用到另一物理量:平均速率.平均速率等于物體運(yùn)動通過的路程跟所用時間的比值.他們兩人通過的路程相同且都不為零,但所用時間不同.顯然用時短的運(yùn)動得快,也就是平均速率大.生:這不是我們初中學(xué)過的速度嗎?
1.這節(jié)課以實(shí)驗為依據(jù),采用控制變量的方法進(jìn)行研究。這一方法今后在電學(xué)、熱學(xué)的研究中還要用到。我們根據(jù)已掌握的知識設(shè)計實(shí)驗、探索規(guī)律是物體研究的重要方法。2.定義力的單位“牛頓”使得k=1,得到牛頓第二定律的簡單形式F=ma。使用簡捷的數(shù)學(xué)語言表達(dá)物理規(guī)律是物理學(xué)的特征之一,但應(yīng)知道它所對應(yīng)的文字內(nèi)容和意義。3.牛頓第二定律概括了運(yùn)動和力的關(guān)系。物體所受合外力恒定,其加速度恒定;合外力為零,加速度為零。即合外力決定了加速度,而加速度影響著物體的運(yùn)動情況。因此,牛頓第二定律是把前兩章力和物體的運(yùn)動構(gòu)成一個整體,其中的紐帶就是加速度。四、評價方案及說明1、對科學(xué)知識與技能的評價要注重科學(xué)內(nèi)容的理解與應(yīng)用,而不是單純記憶。技能的評價目標(biāo)包括觀察技能、實(shí)驗技能等方面。對科學(xué)的技能的評價要盡量融合在科學(xué)探究過程的情景中。對科學(xué)知識的評價主要從兩方面,一是根據(jù)學(xué)生診斷性練習(xí);二是通過學(xué)生作業(yè)反映學(xué)生掌握情況。
猜想:既然物體下落過程中的運(yùn)動情況與物體質(zhì)量無關(guān),那么為什么在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中,不同物體的落體運(yùn)動,下落快慢不同呢?我們能否猜想是由于空氣阻力的作用造成的呢?如果沒有空氣阻力將會怎樣呢?學(xué)生討論后回答.三、猜想與假說伽利略認(rèn)為,自由落體是一種最簡單的變速運(yùn)動.他設(shè)想,最簡單的變速運(yùn)動的速度應(yīng)該是均勻變化的.但是,速度的變化怎樣才算均勻呢?他考慮了兩種可能:一種是速度的變化對時間來說是均勻的,即經(jīng)過相等的時間,速度的變化相等;另一種是速度的變化對位移來說是均勻的,即經(jīng)過相等的位移,速度的變化相等.伽利略假設(shè)第一種方式最簡單,并把這種運(yùn)動叫做勻變速運(yùn)動.四、實(shí)驗驗證實(shí)驗驗證是檢驗理論正確與否的唯一標(biāo)準(zhǔn).任何結(jié)論和猜想都必須經(jīng)過實(shí)驗驗證,否則不成理論.猜想或假說只有通過驗證才會成為理論.所謂實(shí)驗驗證就是任何人,在理論條件下去操作都能到得實(shí)驗結(jié)果,它具有任意性,但不是無條件的,實(shí)驗是在一定條件下的驗證,而與實(shí)際有區(qū)別.
演示實(shí)驗1、將一張紙和一張金屬片在同一高度同時釋放,結(jié)果金屬片先著地。教師不發(fā)表意見,繼續(xù)做實(shí)驗。分別將實(shí)驗內(nèi)容和實(shí)驗結(jié)果板書在黑板上。2、將剛才的紙片緊緊捏成一團(tuán),再次與硬幣同時釋放,結(jié)果兩者幾乎同時落地。3、將兩個完全一樣的紙片,一個捏成團(tuán),一個平展,則紙團(tuán)下落快。師:物體下落快慢是由質(zhì)量決定嗎?生:不是的!師:為什么這樣說?生:第2個實(shí)驗和第三實(shí)驗都說明了這個問題,特別是第3個問題,質(zhì)量一樣卻下落有快慢之分。師:那你現(xiàn)在覺得物體下落快慢由什么因素決定呢?生:我想應(yīng)該是空氣阻力。猜想師:如果影響物體下落快慢的因素是空氣阻力,那么在沒有空氣阻力,物體的下落快慢應(yīng)該是一樣的,這種猜想是不是正確呢?我們來做一個實(shí)驗驗證一下。
一、教學(xué)目標(biāo)1、知識與技能(1)知道時間和時刻的含義以及它們的區(qū)別。知道在實(shí)驗室測量時間的方法。(2)知道位移的概念,知道它是表示質(zhì)點(diǎn)位置變動的物理量,知道它是矢量,可以用有向線段來表示。(3)知道位移和路程的區(qū)別。2、過程與方法(1)聯(lián)系生活實(shí)際,通過師生共同討論的方法來確定時刻與時間、位置、位移及其路程的關(guān)系。(2)通過類比的數(shù)學(xué)方法用數(shù)學(xué)上的點(diǎn)、線段來突破時刻與時間的關(guān)系,直線運(yùn)動的位置和位移。(3)嘗試運(yùn)用所學(xué)的概念判斷一些與生活相關(guān)的實(shí)際問題。3.情感態(tài)度與價值觀(1)通過本節(jié)課的學(xué)習(xí),使學(xué)生體會到物理現(xiàn)象和規(guī)律所蘊(yùn)含的自然美。(2)通過對問題的討論,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生勇于探究與日常生活有關(guān)的物理學(xué)問題。(3)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生有主動與他人合作的團(tuán)隊精神,提高學(xué)生的科學(xué)素養(yǎng)。二、教學(xué)重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)重點(diǎn):1、時間、時刻、位置、位移的概念。2、矢量與標(biāo)量的概念。
①平動的物體一般可以看作質(zhì)點(diǎn)做平動的物體,由于物體上各點(diǎn)的運(yùn)動情況相同,可以用一個點(diǎn)代表整個物體的運(yùn)動,在這種情況下,物體的大小、形狀就無關(guān)緊要了,可以把整個物體當(dāng)質(zhì)點(diǎn)。例如:平直公路上行駛的汽車,車身上各部分的運(yùn)動情況相同,當(dāng)我們把汽車作為一個整體來研究它的運(yùn)動的時候,就可以把汽車當(dāng)作質(zhì)點(diǎn)。當(dāng)然,假如我們需要研究汽車輪胎的運(yùn)動,由于輪胎上各部分運(yùn)動情況不相同,那就不能把它看作質(zhì)點(diǎn)了。要注意的是:同一物體在不同情況下有時可看質(zhì)點(diǎn),有時不可以看作質(zhì)點(diǎn),一列火車從北京開到上海,研究火車的運(yùn)行的時間,可將火車看成質(zhì)點(diǎn),而火車過橋時,計算火車過橋的時間,不可以將火車看成質(zhì)點(diǎn)。②有轉(zhuǎn)動但轉(zhuǎn)動為次要因素例如:研究地球公轉(zhuǎn)時,可把地球看作質(zhì)點(diǎn);研究地球自轉(zhuǎn)時,不能把地球看作質(zhì)點(diǎn)。③物體的形狀、大小可忽略再如:乒乓球旋轉(zhuǎn)對球的運(yùn)動的較大的影響,運(yùn)動員在發(fā)球、擊球時都要考慮,就不能把乒乓球簡單看作質(zhì)點(diǎn)。
1. 表示時間。Hearing these stories, I’m skeptical about the place. = When I heard these stories. . . 2. 表示原因。Not knowing his address, I can’t send this book to him. = Because/Since/As I don’t know his address. . . 3. 表示結(jié)果。His father died, leaving him a lot of money. =. . . and left him a lot of money4. 表示條件。Going straight down the road, you will find the department store. = If you go straight down the road. . . 5. 表示讓步。Being tired, they went on working. =Although they were tired. . . 6. 表示行為方式、伴隨情況或補(bǔ)充說明。He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time. =. . . and stared at the sky for a long time注意:非謂語動詞作狀語時, 如所提供的動詞不能和句子中的主語保持一致, 動詞-ing形式必須有自己的邏輯主語, 通常由名詞或代詞來擔(dān)任, 這就是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。The last bus having gone, we had to walk home. (having gone的邏輯主語是the last bus, 而不是we)Weather permitting, the football match will be played on Friday. (permitting的邏輯主語是time, 而不是the football match)Step 7 Practice1. ________(study) hard, you are sure to get first prize. 2. People use plastic in their daily life, _______(leave) large amounts of waste. 3. ________(work) hard at your lessons, you are to succeed. 4. The old man, ____________(work) abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland. 5. ______________(finish) his homework, he was playing on the playground. Answers: 1. Studying 2. leaving 3. Working 4.having worked 5. Having finishedStep 8 HomeworkFinish the homework on Page 22.
Example:One day, a poor boy who was trying to pay his way through school by sending newspapers door to door found that he only had one dime(一角)left. He was so hungry that he decided to beg for a meal at the next house.However, he lost his nerve when a lovely young woman opened the door. Instead of a meal he asked for a drink of water. She thought he looked hungry so she brought him a large glass of milk. He drank it slowly, and then asked, “How much do I owe you?” “You don’t owe me anything,” she replied, “Mother has taught me never to accept pay for a kindness.” “Then I thank you from the bottom of my heart.” With these words, Howard Kelly left that house.Years later the woman became badly ill and was finally sent to the hospital in a big city. Dr. Howard Kelly, now famous, was called in. When he heard the name of the town she came from, a strange light filled his eyes. Dressed in his doctor’s clothes, Dr. Kelly went into her room and recognized her at once. From that day on, he gave special attention to her, and decided to do his best to save her life.At last the woman was saved. Dr. Kelly asked the business office to pass the final bill to him. He looked at it and then wrote something on the side. The bill was sent to the woman’s room. She was afraid to open it because she was sure that it would take the rest of her life to pay for it off. Finally she looked, and the note on the side of the bill caught her attention. She read these words: “Paid in full with a glass of milk, Dr. Howard Kelly.” Tear of joy flooded her eyes.
The topic of this part is “Learn to make choices in life”.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at the moral dilemmas, and this part is about making choices in life. The heroin is Lin Qiaozhi, a famous medical scientist, made a great contribution to our country’s medical care. Most importantly, her life experience can inspire our students whether in studying or the development of career. she had moral dilemmas and life choices, which are similar to the students who will step into society. Besides, Lin has quite good virtues like kindness, self-improvement, insistence, job-loving , generosity and responsibility, which is worth being learned.Concretely, this article is a biography about Lin Qiaozhi. The article tells her whole life according the timeline, among which the life choices is emphasized. For example, whether married or chased her dream, returned home or stayed abroad, family or public, her choices all reflected her faith, spirit, responsibility and devotion.1. Fast reading to get the detailed information about Lin Qiaozhi; careful reading to do the deductive information.2. Learn the reading skills--deductive judgement according the context.3. Study the structure features and language features. 4. Communicate about Lin’s life choices and reflect their own life choices.1. Learn the reading skills--deductive judgement according the context.2. Study the structure features and language features.3. Communicate about Lin’s life choices and reflect their own life choices.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat are some important life choices?Importance choices: university study, jobs and marriage partners. Because they can determine our future.
Step 4 PracticeRead the conversation. Find out which words have been left out.Justin: Linlin, I’m going to Guizhou Province next month. I’m super excited! Any recommendations for places to visit?Linlin: Wow, cool! Guizhou is a province with a lot of cultural diversity. Places to visit...well, definitely the Huangguoshu Waterfall first.Justin: What’s special about the waterfall?Linlin: Well, have you ever heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West ?Justin: Yes, I have. Why ?Linlin: In the back of the waterfall, you will find a cave, which is the home of the Monkey King.Justin: Really? Cool! I’ll definitely check it out.Linlin:And I strongly recommend the ethnic minority villages. You’ll find Chinese culture is much more diverse than you thought.Justin:Sounds great, thanks.Answers:Justin: Linlin, I’m going to Guizhou Province next month. I’m super excited! Do you have any recommendations for places to visit?Linlin: Wow, that’s cool! Guizhou is a province with a lot of cultural diversity. What are some places to visit in Guizhou ? Well, definitely the Huangguoshu Waterfall is the first place to visit in Guizhou Province.Justin: What’s special about the waterfall?Linlin: Well, have you ever heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West ?Justin: Yes, I have heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West . Why do you ask if I have heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West?Linlin: In the back of the waterfall, you will find a cave, which is the home of the Monkey King from Journey to the West.Justin: That’s really true? It’s Cool! I’ll definitely check it out.Linlin:And I strongly recommend the ethnic minority villages on your trip to Guizhou Province. You’ll find Chinese culture is much more diverse than you thought it was.Justin:This all sounds great, thanks.
The topic of this part is “Describe a place with distinctive cultural identity”.This section focuses on Chinese culture by introducing Chinatown, whose purpose is to show the relationship between the Chinese culture and American culture. The Chinese culture in Chinatown is an important part of American culture. Chinatown is an important window of spreading Chinese culture and the spirit homeland of oversea Chinese, where foreigners can experience Chinese culture by themselves.Concretely, the title is “Welcome to Chinatown!”, from which we can know that the article aims at introducing Chinatown. The author used the “Introduction--Body Paragraph--Conclusion” to describe the people, language, architecture, business, famous food and drinks and people’s activities, which can be a centre for Chinese culture and shows its unique charm.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information.2. Learn the characteristics of writing and language.3. Learn to introduce your own town according to the text.4. Learn to correct others’ writing.1. Learn the characteristics of writing and language.2. Learn to introduce your own town according to the text.Step 1 Lead in ---Small talkIn the reading part, we mentioned the Chinatown of San Francisco. How much do you know about Chinatown of San Francisco ?Chinatown is a main living place for Chinese immigrants, where you can see many Chinese-style buildings, costumes, operas, restaurants, music and even hear Chinese.Step 2 Before reading ---Predict the contentWhat is the writer’s purpose of writing this text ? How do you know ?From the title(Welcome to Chinatown) and some key words from the text(tourist, visit, visitors, experience), we can know the purpose of the text is to introduce Chinatown and show the relationship between Chinese culture and American culture.
Discuss these questions in groups.Q1: Have you ever been to a place that has a diverse culture ? What do you think about the culture diversity ?One culturally diverse place that I have been to is Harbin, the capital city of Heilongjiang Province. I went there last year with my family to see the Ice and Snow Festival, and I was amazed at how the culture as different to most other Chinese cities. There is a big Russian influence there, with beautiful Russian architecture and lots of interesting restaurants. I learnt that Harbin is called “the Oriental Moscow” and that many Russians settled there to help build the railway over 100 years ago.Q2: What are the benefits and challenges of cultural diversity ?The benefits: People are able to experience a wide variety of cultures, making their lives more interesting, and it can deepen the feelings for our national culture, it is also helpful for us to learn about other outstanding culture, which helps improve the ability to respect others. The challenges: People may have trouble communicating or understanding each other, and it may lead to disappearance of some civilizations and even make some people think “The western moon is rounder than his own.”Step 7 Post reading---RetellComplete the passage according to the text.Today, I arrived back in San Francisco, and it feels good (1) _____(be) back in the city again. The city succeeded in (2)_________ (rebuild) itself after the earthquake that (3)________ (occur) in 1906, and I stayed in the Mission District, enjoying some delicious noodles mixed with cultures. In the afternoon, I headed to a local museum (4)____ showed the historical changes in California. During the gold rush, many Chinese arrived, and some opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown to earn a (5)_____ (live). Many others worked on (6)______ (farm), joined the gold rush, or went to build the railway that connected California to the east. The museum showed us (7)____ America was built by immigrants from (8)________ (difference) countries and cultures. In the evening, I went to Chinatown, and ate in a Cantonese restaurant that served food on (9)________(beauty) china plates. Tomorrow evening, I’m going to (10)__ jazz bar in the Richmond District. 答案:1. to be 2. rebuilding 3. occurred 4. that 5.living6. farms 7.how 8. different 9. beautiful 10. a