The themes of this part are “Talk about how to become an astronaut” and “Talk about life in space”. As Neil Armstrong said “Mystery creates wonder and wonder is the basis of man’s desire to understand. Space is difficult for human to reach, therefore, humans are full of wonders about it. However, if wanting to achieve the dream of reaching the Moon, some of our human should work hard to be an astronaut at first. Part A(Talk about how to become an astronaut) is a radio interview in a radio studio, where the host asked the Chinese astronauts about his story how to become an astronaut. Yang Liwei told his dreamed to be an astronaut since childhood. Then he worked hard to get into college at 22. The next 10 years, he gradually became an experienced pilot. At the same time, to be an astronaut, he had to study hard English, science and astronomy and trained hard to keep in good physical and mental health and to practise using space equipment. Part B (Talk about life in space) is also an interview with the astronaut Brown, who is back on the earth. The host Max asked about his space life, such as his emotion about going back the earth, the eating, shower, brushing, hobbies and his work. Part A and Part B are interviews. So expressing curiosity about the guests’ past life is a communicative skill, which students should be guided to learn.1. Students can get detailed information about how Yang Liwei became an astronaut and Max’s space life.2. Students learn to proper listening strategy to get detailed information---listening for numbers and taking notes.3. Students can learn related sentences or phrases to express their curiosity like “ I wish to know...” “I’d love to know...”4. Students can learn more about the space and astronauts, even be interested in working hard to be an astronaut
The theme of this unit focuses on “space exploration.” Students will learn about the training and experience needed to become an astronaut. The text is mainly about the development of space exploration. On the one hand, the text helps students to have a good understanding about the great feats humans have achieved, on the other hand, they will further understand the contributions that we Chinese have achieved, and feel confident and proud about our homeland and strengthen their love for our country. The teacher should instruct students to aim high and study harder to make great progress in the space career if possible.1. Read about the development and value of space exploration.2. Explore the mysteries of the universe and the achievements in space exploration.3. Skillfully use the vocabulary of this text to cultivate self-study ability 4. Develop cooperative learning ability through discussion.1. Enable the Ss to talk about the development and value of space exploration.2. Guide the Ss to summarize the main idea of each paragraph as well as the main idea of the text.3. Help Ss comprehend the main reasons for space exploration. Multi-media, textbook, notebooks.Step 1: Warming up and predictionLook at the title and the pictures of the text and predict what the text will be about?2. What are the main reasons for space exploration?
Q4: What is the function of the International exploration ?Having astronauts from different countries on boardQ5: What can you learn from Para 4 ?China has made great achievements in exploring spaceQ6: What is the attitude to the space exploration ?SupportiveStep 6 Post reading---RetellPeople have always wanted to learn more about space. Before the mid-20th century, most people felt (1)_________ (travel) into space was an impossible dream. However, (2)____ the help of scientists, peoplesucceeded in realizing their dream (3) _________ (explore) space. On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite (4) ____________(launch) by the USSR. (5) ________________ scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen. These disasters made everyone(6)___________(disappoint), but people still believe in the importance of (7) ________(carry) on space exploration. In 2003, China became the third country to (8)_____________ (independent) send humans into space. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed (9)____ second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk. In spite of the difficulties, scientists hope future (10)__________ (discovery) will not only enable us to understand the universe but also help us survive well into the future.Answers: 1. travelling 2. with 3. to explore 4. was launched 5. Although6. disappointed 7. carrying 8. independently 9. a 10. discoveriesStep 6 Post reading---Critical thinkingQ1: What do you think of the space exploration ? I think it is beneficial to us. Through further study of space, people will make full use of it in the future, such as the space experiments by Wang Yaping in Tian Gong 1.Q2: If you are determined to be an astronaut, what should you prepare at present ?First of all, I should study hard to get a related college degree. Besides, I must keep mental and physical healthy.Step 7. HomeworkTry to summarize the structure of the article by a mind map.
⑦在我看來(lái), 探索太空是值得的。As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space.Step 10 Writing---draftRecently, students in our class have had heated a discussion on whether space is worth exploring. Students hold different ideas about it.30% of us think space exploration is not worthwhile. They think space is too far away from us and our daily life and is a waste of money. And the money spent on space exploration can be used to solve the earth’s problems such as starvation and pollution.On the other hand,70% think space is worth exploring because we have benefited a lot from it,such as using satellites for communication and weather forecast. What’s more,with further space research,we may solve the population problem by moving to other planets one day. Also,space research will enable us to find new sources to solve the problem of energy shortages on the earth.As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space. Not only can it promote the development of society but also enrich our life. Step 11 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1.Does the writer explain why he/she changed/wanted to change?2.Does the writer tell how the changes have improved or will improve his/her life?3.Is the text well-organised?4.Does the writer use words and expressions to show similarities and differences?5.Are there any grammar or spelling errors?6.Does the writer use correct punctuation?
另一方面,其余的人反對(duì)這個(gè)計(jì)劃,因?yàn)樗赡軙?huì)導(dǎo)致一些不好的影響。7.I hold the belief that space exploration not only enable us to understand how the universe began but also help us survived well into the future.我堅(jiān)信探索太空不僅能夠使我們了解宇宙的起源而且能夠幫助我們更好地走進(jìn)未來(lái)。8.I think we should spend more time and money exploring space so as to provide new and better solutions to people's shortterm and longterm problems.為了給人類的短期和長(zhǎng)期問(wèn)題提供更新和更好的解決方法,我認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)該花更多的時(shí)間和金錢(qián)來(lái)探索太空。9.From my point of view,it is wrong of young people to depend on their telephones too much,which may do harm to both their physical and mental health.在我看來(lái),年輕人過(guò)度依賴手機(jī)是不對(duì)的,因?yàn)樗鼈兛赡軙?huì)對(duì)他們的身心健康都有害。最近你班同學(xué)就“人類是否應(yīng)該進(jìn)行宇宙探索”這個(gè)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了激烈的討論。有人認(rèn)為,探索宇宙不僅讓人類更好地了解宇宙的發(fā)展,還可以用來(lái)指導(dǎo)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn),以及把一些探索太空的高新技術(shù)用于現(xiàn)實(shí)生活;也有一些人認(rèn)為探索太空花掉了大量的人力物力;影響了人們的生活水平。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下情況寫(xiě)一篇報(bào)告并發(fā)表自己的觀點(diǎn)。注意:1.寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容應(yīng)包括以上全部要點(diǎn),可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮,使上下文連貫;
Step 3 Meaning1. 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間來(lái)看將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài), 常用在賓語(yǔ)從句中。一般由“would/should +動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成。She hoped that they would meet again someday. 她希望將來(lái)有一天他們能再見(jiàn)面。2. was/were going to+動(dòng)詞原形: 表示過(guò)去將要發(fā)生或很有可能發(fā)生的動(dòng)作, 常用于口語(yǔ)中, 表示預(yù)言、意圖或者打算等。He was going to start work the following week. 他打算下星期開(kāi)始工作。3. was/were about to do: 常用來(lái)表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作, “剛要/正要做……”。注意該結(jié)構(gòu)不與任何時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。I felt that something terrible was about to happen. 我感到某種可怕的事情即將發(fā)生。4.was/were to do: 表示“曾計(jì)劃做某事”, 如果表示“本來(lái)計(jì)劃做某事, 動(dòng)作沒(méi)實(shí)現(xiàn)”, 則需用 “was/were to have done”。She said she was to have told me about the accident. 她說(shuō)她本來(lái)想告訴我關(guān)于事故的事。5.Start, go, come, leave, see, meet等動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí): 表示就過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻而言即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。She was coming later. 她隨后就來(lái)。I had just put on my overcoat and was leaving to visit a friend of mine. 我剛穿上外套要去看我的一個(gè)朋友。
4. A:We’d like to have someone to say a word at the beginning to welcome the group.B:↙Who?A:We thought that you or Dr.Johnson might do it.B用降調(diào)說(shuō)Who,其意思是問(wèn),對(duì)方想讓誰(shuí)在開(kāi)場(chǎng)時(shí)致歡迎詞。Step 6 Pronunciation---Practice1. Listen to the short conversation and mark the intonation with ↗, ↙ or ↙, ↗. Then discuss with a partner what they intend to convey by using different intonation.Owner: You know what ?↗ It’s a million-pound bank note↙.Waiter 1: Really ?↗(question)Waiter 2: Really !↙(unbelievable and surprised)Waiter 3: Really ?!↙↗(first question then surprised)2. Listen to the conversations. Underline the parts that are stressed and mark the intonation. Then talk about the implied meanings of the responses with different intonations. Listen again and repeat.1) Henry: It’s a nice suit.Owner: Oh, it’s perfect!↙(The intonation means it is very suitable for Henry.)2) Henry: Well, that’s very kind of you.Owner: Kind, sir ?↗(what you said is not right) No, it’s kind of you. You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like. Just having you sit here is a great honour !!↙(welcome you to come again)3)Henry:Well, to be honest, I have none. Oliver:(happily) What luck!(excited) Brother↗, what luck!↙(It means “Didn’t you hear it?”)Henry: Well, it may seem lucky to you but not to me!↗(angry) If this is your idea of some kind of joke, I don’t think it’s very funny. Now if you’ll excuse me, I ought to be on my way.↙(If so, I would leave.)Roderick: Please don’t go↙...(hope Henry can wait for a moment)Part B Viewing and Talking---Describe people’s changing attitudes in a film clipStep 1 Before-listening---Tell the filmYou are going to watch part of the film The Million Pound Bank Note. Look at these photos and guess what happens in the film.
Step 4: Listen again and decide if the following statements are true (T) or false (F).1 It was the first time Chen Liyan's story was reported. T口 F口2 Chen found 10,000 yuan in a small plastic bag in Taiyuan railway station口 F口3 Wang Zheng apologized to Chen because he couldn't offer her more money. T口 F口4 Chen took out a large loan to cure her daughter, T口 F口5 Wang set up a fundraising website for Chen's daughter after Chen told him about her situation. T口 F口Step 5:After listening, discuss the questions.1 What kind of person do you think Chen Liyan is?Chen Liyan is generous and honest because she returned a large sum of money to the owner.2 Did Chen return the money because she didn't need it?No. She returned the money because it was the right thing to do. Evidence for this is that she refused to accept the reward money because she felt that it had not been earned. 3 Is it common for people to do what Chen did?It depends on the culture. In some countries it is quite common to return money that has been found. In other countries, people believe "Finders are keepers!" 4 How did Wang Zheng feel about the return of his money?He must have been very happy and relieved to have gotten his money back. We know this because he thanked Chen repeatedly and even offered her a reward.5 Why did Ma Dongbao tell Wang about Chen's family?He must have had great sympathy for Chen and her daughter and wanted to help them.'We know this because he arranged help for them. 6 How did the news reporter feel about Chen's actions?The news reporter felt that it showed that money wasn't the most important thing in life. We know this because the reporter told us that this is what Chen believes. and then said, “that's a great attitude to take."
? Could you offer me some kind of work here?? I don’t want your charity, I just want an honest job.? Careless: I landed in Britain by accident.Step 7:Consolidation.? Find Henry? Roderick and Oliver were I .making a bet when they saw Henry, a poor young man. ? Know Henry? About a month ago, Henry was sailing and later he found himself carried out to sea by a strong wind. Fortunately, he 2.was spotted by a ship. And it was the ship that brought him to 3.England? Offer money to Henry ? Oliver and Roderick gave Henry a letter and told him that there was money in it. They 4.persuaded him to accept it, and made him 5.promise that it wouldn't be opened until 2 o'clock.Step 8:Language pointsa large amount of: a large quantity of; a great deal ofe.g. They bought a large amount of furniture before they moved their new house.make a bet: make an arrangement to risk money, etc. on an event of which the result is doubtful.e.g. We made a bet on the result of the match.permit sb to do something: allow somebody to do somethinge.g. My mother doesn’t permit me to ride in the street after it rained.by accident: as a result of chancee.g. I only found it by accident.stare at: look at somebody or something with the eyes wide open in a fixed gaze( in astonishment, wonder, fear, etc)to be honest: to tell you the truth; to be franke.g. To be honest, I don’t think we have a chance of winning.Step7 Homework:What do you think will happen to Henry? Will the bank-note help him or get him into trouble?
Everybody wants to get wealth.In today’s material world,making money or becoming wealthy symbolizes a person’s success and capability. Many people just make every effort, pay any price to attain greater wealth. With money,they can buy nice, large apartments in nice neighborhood. With money they can own luxurious cars. Wealth seems to bring all happiness in life.But is wealth the only road to happiness? Not really. There are many things in the world, which are beyond the means of money, such as friendship, love, health and knowledge. People are so preoccupied with struggling for money that they have no time or would not take the time to form or maintain friendship. What happiness can they feel living as lonely miserable creatures without love or friends in the world even if they accumulate tremendous wealth?In my opinion, people can’t do anything without money, but money is not everything. What money will bring you depends on your personal belief and goal in life. If you are kind enough to help others, especially the poor, money is a good thing to you. With it, you can do much more for the benefit of people and your country, and it will add to your own happiness. If you want money just for your own needs, you’ll never be satisfied or happy. In a word,you should have money spent for more people. Only then can money be the source of your happiness.Step 8 Homework4 students in a group, one acts Roderick, one Oliver, one servant and the fourth one acts Henry Adams, then listen to the tape, pay more attention to the difference between American English and British English in pronunciation, stress, tone.
2. 您能看到, 我頭發(fā)太長(zhǎng)了。You can see that my hair is much too long.3. 無(wú)論什么時(shí)候, 只要您想回來(lái)就回來(lái)。Please come back whenever you want.4. 您僅有很少的頭發(fā)要理! You only have too little hair to cut !5. 為您服務(wù)是我的榮幸!It is my honour to serve you!Step 9 Writing(Henry is walking down the street when he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to have it cut. )H=Henry B=BarberH: Good afternoon, I’d like to have my hair cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry’s hair and continues cutting another man’s hair. ) Er, I’d really like a haircut. As you can see it’s much too long. B: (in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H: Fine, well, I’ll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber’s chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B: It’s quite expensive here, you know! Are you sure you can afford it?H: Yes. I think so. (After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B: Why Mr. . . (looks shocked)H: Adams. Henry Adams. I’m sorry. I don’t have any change. B: Please don’t worry! (wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about! Nothing at all! Please come back whenever you want, even if you only have too little hair to cut! It will be my honour to serve you!Step 10 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1. Are all the elements of a play included and in good order ?2. Do the character use suitable language ?3. Are the stage directions clear and useful ?4. Is the plot clear and exciting enough ?
The topic of this part is “Describe a place with distinctive cultural identity”.This section focuses on Chinese culture by introducing Chinatown, whose purpose is to show the relationship between the Chinese culture and American culture. The Chinese culture in Chinatown is an important part of American culture. Chinatown is an important window of spreading Chinese culture and the spirit homeland of oversea Chinese, where foreigners can experience Chinese culture by themselves.Concretely, the title is “Welcome to Chinatown!”, from which we can know that the article aims at introducing Chinatown. The author used the “Introduction--Body Paragraph--Conclusion” to describe the people, language, architecture, business, famous food and drinks and people’s activities, which can be a centre for Chinese culture and shows its unique charm.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information.2. Learn the characteristics of writing and language.3. Learn to introduce your own town according to the text.4. Learn to correct others’ writing.1. Learn the characteristics of writing and language.2. Learn to introduce your own town according to the text.Step 1 Lead in ---Small talkIn the reading part, we mentioned the Chinatown of San Francisco. How much do you know about Chinatown of San Francisco ?Chinatown is a main living place for Chinese immigrants, where you can see many Chinese-style buildings, costumes, operas, restaurants, music and even hear Chinese.Step 2 Before reading ---Predict the contentWhat is the writer’s purpose of writing this text ? How do you know ?From the title(Welcome to Chinatown) and some key words from the text(tourist, visit, visitors, experience), we can know the purpose of the text is to introduce Chinatown and show the relationship between Chinese culture and American culture.
蔡元培的道德風(fēng)范和人格力量,具有震撼人心的作用,深為世人所欽仰?!叭耸揽!薄吧屏嫉纳鐣?huì)和莊嚴(yán)的人生的模范”(國(guó)立音樂(lè)??茖W(xué)校師生1936年1月《祝蔡孑民先生千秋詩(shī)》)的贊譽(yù),對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)絕非溢美之詞。任鴻雋稱他具有“處處為人無(wú)我的真精神”;“對(duì)人接物,似乎有兩個(gè)原則,一個(gè)是尊重他人的人格,決不愿意以自己的語(yǔ)言和行動(dòng)使人感到一點(diǎn)不快或不便,一個(gè)是承認(rèn)他人的理性,以為天下事無(wú)不可以和平自由的方法互相了解或處理?!薄暗诠x一方面,蔡先生卻是特立不屈、勇往直前、絲毫不退、毫不假借的斗士?!保ㄖ貞c《中央日?qǐng)?bào)》1940年3月24日)他的學(xué)生馮友蘭也回憶說(shuō),在蔡先生身邊,感同光風(fēng)霽月,他的人格能造成一種氣象。沐浴在這種氣象之中,就不能不為他的人格所感化。蔡元培身居高位,一生廉潔,自奉儉樸,直至晚年仍是全家租賃房屋居住,他酷愛(ài)的書(shū)籍也分散在北平、上海、南京、杭州等地,沒(méi)有一個(gè)歸攏庋藏的地方。蔡元培這種真誠(chéng)待人、無(wú)私奉獻(xiàn)、光明磊落的精神,源于他對(duì)國(guó)家、對(duì)民族、對(duì)事業(yè)、對(duì)學(xué)生深深的眷戀和崇高的責(zé)任感。他的這種浩然正氣和高尚道德情操,至今仍是公務(wù)人員的楷模。
教 學(xué) 過(guò) 程教師 行為學(xué)生 行為教學(xué) 意圖時(shí)間 *揭示課題 8.4 圓(二) *創(chuàng)設(shè)情境 興趣導(dǎo)入 【知識(shí)回顧】 我們知道,平面內(nèi)直線與圓的位置關(guān)系有三種(如圖8-21): (1)相離:無(wú)交點(diǎn); (2)相切:僅有一個(gè)交點(diǎn); (3)相交:有兩個(gè)交點(diǎn). 并且知道,直線與圓的位置關(guān)系,可以由圓心到直線的距離d與半徑r的關(guān)系來(lái)判別(如圖8-22): (1):直線與圓相離; (2):直線與圓相切; (3):直線與圓相交. 介紹 講解 說(shuō)明 質(zhì)疑 引導(dǎo) 分析 了解 思考 思考 帶領(lǐng) 學(xué)生 分析 啟發(fā) 學(xué)生思考 0 15*動(dòng)腦思考 探索新知 【新知識(shí)】 設(shè)圓的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程為 , 則圓心C(a,b)到直線的距離為 . 比較d與r的大小,就可以判斷直線與圓的位置關(guān)系. 講解 說(shuō)明 引領(lǐng) 分析 思考 理解 帶領(lǐng) 學(xué)生 分析 30*鞏固知識(shí) 典型例題 【知識(shí)鞏固】 例6 判斷下列各直線與圓的位置關(guān)系: ⑴直線, 圓; ⑵直線,圓. 解 ⑴ 由方程知,圓C的半徑,圓心為. 圓心C到直線的距離為 , 由于,故直線與圓相交. ⑵ 將方程化成圓的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程,得 . 因此,圓心為,半徑.圓心C到直線的距離為 , 即由于,所以直線與圓相交. 【想一想】 你是否可以找到判斷直線與圓的位置關(guān)系的其他方法? *例7 過(guò)點(diǎn)作圓的切線,試求切線方程. 分析 求切線方程的關(guān)鍵是求出切線的斜率.可以利用原點(diǎn)到切線的距離等于半徑的條件來(lái)確定. 解 設(shè)所求切線的斜率為,則切線方程為 , 即 . 圓的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程為 , 所以圓心,半徑. 圖8-23 圓心到切線的距離為 , 由于圓心到切線的距離與半徑相等,所以 , 解得 . 故所求切線方程(如圖8-23)為 , 即 或. 說(shuō)明 例題7中所使用的方法是待定系數(shù)法,在利用代數(shù)方法研究幾何問(wèn)題中有著廣泛的應(yīng)用. 【想一想】 能否利用“切線垂直于過(guò)切點(diǎn)的半徑”的幾何性質(zhì)求出切線方程? 說(shuō)明 強(qiáng)調(diào) 引領(lǐng) 講解 說(shuō)明 引領(lǐng) 講解 說(shuō)明 觀察 思考 主動(dòng) 求解 思考 主動(dòng) 求解 通過(guò)例題進(jìn)一步領(lǐng)會(huì) 注意 觀察 學(xué)生 是否 理解 知識(shí) 點(diǎn) 50
五.課堂總結(jié):巴金是現(xiàn)代中國(guó)不多的文學(xué)大師、思想家之一,他以豐碩的文學(xué)成果以及一生坦蕩無(wú)瑕圣哲般高貴的人品,向世人證明了愛(ài)心的價(jià)值、真誠(chéng)的偉大,以及天才的光芒,這位“20世紀(jì)中國(guó)的良心”,他的名字必將與魯迅等人一樣,長(zhǎng)留青史,像北斗一樣在天空閃爍!讓我們記住這位老人并學(xué)習(xí)這位老人的不斷進(jìn)取的精神和嚴(yán)于解剖自己靈魂的勇氣,鑄造一種坦誠(chéng)真實(shí)的人格。六.課外合作探究:狗與“傷痕文學(xué)”巴金此文開(kāi)篇就寫(xiě)藝術(shù)家與狗的故事,然后寫(xiě)自己與狗,不光此篇寫(xiě)狗,他在另外的文章中也寫(xiě)到狗,不光巴金如此,反映文革的“傷痕文學(xué)”都經(jīng)常寫(xiě)到狗,你如何看待這一文學(xué)現(xiàn)象?1.學(xué)生課外閱讀“傷痕文學(xué)”查閱相關(guān)文學(xué)評(píng)論(6人一組,4人分組從網(wǎng)上和書(shū)籍中查閱相關(guān)文章,2人分別查閱相關(guān)評(píng)論)2.課后教師與學(xué)生交流并發(fā)表有傾向性的意見(jiàn):
3.結(jié)合作品的時(shí)代背景,進(jìn)一步理解“黃泉共為友”。故事發(fā)生在“漢末建安中”。當(dāng)時(shí)的背景是:漢武帝時(shí),“罷黜百家,獨(dú)尊儒術(shù)”。儒家的那套倫理綱常逐漸占據(jù)了統(tǒng)治地位,并發(fā)展到了相當(dāng)完備嚴(yán)密的程度。在婚姻制度方面就規(guī)定有“七出”、“天下無(wú)不是之父母”等等清規(guī)戒律。“天下無(wú)不是之父母”,這正是焦、劉悲劇的根本原因。在這一時(shí)代氛圍里,在焦母的淫威下,焦仲卿敢于站在蘭芝一邊,表明與蘭芝“結(jié)發(fā)同枕席,黃泉共為友”的堅(jiān)決態(tài)度,實(shí)在是難能可貴的。面對(duì)儒家所規(guī)定的封建家長(zhǎng)制度、封建禮教,焦仲卿舉起的那面反抗的旗幟,無(wú)疑是茫茫長(zhǎng)夜中的一道閃電!小結(jié):對(duì)語(yǔ)境體察得越充分,對(duì)語(yǔ)言理解的深度和廣度就越豐富。那么,我們對(duì)作品閱讀理解的水平就越高。
五、分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)以上分析的是3——11自然段,是本文的主體部分,下面我們來(lái)看看其他段落寫(xiě)什么。一問(wèn):首先我有一個(gè)問(wèn)題,本文是寫(xiě)故都的秋,但也寫(xiě)到了江南之秋,主要在哪些段落?其作用是什么?明確:主要在2和13自然段,目的是以江南之秋來(lái)襯托故都的秋。二問(wèn):那么作者是抓住江南秋天什么特點(diǎn)來(lái)襯托故都的秋的?在結(jié)構(gòu)安排上,為何要一前一后?明確:分別抓住其“看不飽,嘗不透,賞玩不到十足”和“色彩不濃,回味不永”的特點(diǎn),前者在第2自然段,后者在第13自然段,這樣在結(jié)構(gòu)上就形成了前后呼應(yīng)。三問(wèn):好,從這篇文章結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)看,2和13自然段相呼應(yīng),假如1、14自然段也相呼應(yīng),那這篇文章的結(jié)構(gòu)就更加嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)了,試問(wèn)這兩段是否有呼應(yīng)?明確:第1段寫(xiě)作者對(duì)故都秋的感受和向往,第14段寫(xiě)作者對(duì)故都秋的眷戀之情,都是抒發(fā)情感,“向往”是在去故都之前,“眷戀”是在離開(kāi)故都之時(shí),其實(shí)質(zhì)是一樣的。所以1和14自然段也構(gòu)成了呼應(yīng)。
二、作者簡(jiǎn)介“雨巷詩(shī)人”的大名我們?cè)缫崖?tīng)過(guò),有誰(shuí)知道作者的基本情況?根據(jù)學(xué)生回答總結(jié):戴望舒生于杭州,望舒是他給自己起的筆名,出自屈原的《離騷》:”前望舒使先驅(qū)兮,后飛廉使奔屬。”望舒是神話傳說(shuō)中替月亮駕車的天神,純潔而溫柔,多情又瀟灑。戴望舒出生于3月5日,照西方星象學(xué)的說(shuō)法,屬于雙魚(yú)座。雙魚(yú)座的人浪漫柔情,以愛(ài)情為生命的養(yǎng)分,意志薄弱,喜好幻想,逃避現(xiàn)實(shí),優(yōu)柔寡斷。戴望舒就是典型的雙魚(yú)座性格。三,詩(shī)歌賞析:1、有這樣溫柔多情的筆名,又有這樣浪漫柔和的性情,戴望舒筆下流淌出來(lái)的詩(shī)句也必然是細(xì)膩多情的,下面就讓我們共同欣賞這首《雨巷》。師配樂(lè)朗誦。
太子丹見(jiàn)荊軻,一段長(zhǎng)的談話,包括兩層意思:一是秦貪得無(wú)厭,步步緊逼;二是為此采取或生劫或刺殺的兩種對(duì)策。荊軻許諾后,“恣荊軻所欲”,此時(shí)秦兵壓境,荊軻未行,原來(lái)要取樊將軍頭作信物。文章至此,掀起又一波瀾。荊軻說(shuō)樊于期,首先挑起樊內(nèi)心仇恨,再指出已處絕境,最后提出獻(xiàn)首刺秦的計(jì)劃。這里,荊軻沉著精細(xì),善于體察對(duì)方情緒,了解對(duì)方心理,指出報(bào)舊仇、雪恥辱的途徑。這段對(duì)話,在說(shuō)明荊軻智慧特征的同時(shí),又突出了樊于期的形象:“吾每念,常痛于骨髓”聲淚俱下;“此臣日夜切齒拊心”,痛恨仇雔,愿意赴死。加上“偏袒扼腕”的描寫(xiě),更加突出其來(lái)自心底的憤恨和怨怒,于是自刎,便是情節(jié)發(fā)展的必然了。已得信物,且有準(zhǔn)備,太子的促行,與荊軻的“待吾客與俱”,形成矛盾。荊軻的缺乏助手,應(yīng)是刺秦的不利因素之一。
(五)是啊,誰(shuí)不期望美夢(mèng)成真呢?如果這個(gè)夢(mèng)能實(shí)現(xiàn),該有多好啊。但是,大堰河流盡自己的血汗后,就過(guò)早的離開(kāi)了人世,結(jié)束了自己悲苦的一生。(教師朗讀9、10節(jié))問(wèn):大堰河死后得到的是什么?(微薄的葬禮)她生前付出的何其多,而死后得到的又何其少啊,想到這里,詩(shī)人的心一陣陣發(fā)痛,他的心中充滿了對(duì)她悲苦命運(yùn)的深切同情。問(wèn):是什么造成了她的悲?。吭?shī)人對(duì)這個(gè)社會(huì)懷著怎樣的感情?齊讀11節(jié),讀出詩(shī)人的憎恨之情。(六)艾青的回憶到這里就結(jié)束了。在他的回憶中,我們看到了一個(gè)出身低微,地位低下,卻有著金子般美好心靈的大堰河。她勤勞,善良,寬厚,她如同一座雕象,一直矗立在詩(shī)人的心中。詩(shī)人從回憶的大門(mén)走了出來(lái),外面依然是漫天飛舞的雪花,依然是陰冷潮濕的牢房,但詩(shī)人卻有著按捺不住的澎湃的激情,呈給大堰河由心靈而寫(xiě)成的贊歌。(教師范讀12、13節(jié))