(一)知識與能力 1、指導(dǎo)學(xué)生基本掌握誦讀本詩的要領(lǐng),培養(yǎng)學(xué)生聲情并茂、準(zhǔn)確傳達(dá)情感的誦讀能力. 2、幫助學(xué)生初步了解“初讀—精讀—悟讀—美讀”的詩歌鑒賞方法,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生鑒賞古典詩歌的能力。(二)、情感態(tài)度與價(jià)值觀 1、走近李白的激情、浪漫、詩性和放達(dá),感受全詩恢宏的氣魄。 2、激發(fā)學(xué)生與文本、文人和文化的親近之情
四個(gè)同學(xué)為一個(gè)合作小組;每個(gè)小組利用教師為其準(zhǔn)備的各類三角形,作出它們的高.比一比,看哪一個(gè)小組做得最快,發(fā)現(xiàn)的結(jié)論多. 師生行為:學(xué)生操作、討論,教師巡視、指導(dǎo),使學(xué)生理解【設(shè)計(jì)意圖】通過讓學(xué)生操作、觀察、推理、交流等活動,來培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的動手、動腦能力,發(fā)展其空間觀察.活動結(jié)論:1.銳角三角形的三條高都在三角形內(nèi); 2.直角三角形的一條高在三角形內(nèi)(即斜邊上的高),而另兩條高恰是它的兩條直角邊; 3.鈍角三角形的一條高在三角形內(nèi),而另兩條高在三角形外.(這是難點(diǎn),需多加說明) 總之:任何三角形都有三條高,且三條高所在的直線相交于一點(diǎn).(我們把這一點(diǎn)叫垂心)課堂小結(jié) 1.三角形中三條重要線段:三角形的高、中線和角平分線的概念. 2.學(xué)會畫三角形的高、中線和角平分線.
我們不妨將主旨放在“莊生曉夢迷蝴蝶,望帝春心托杜鵑。滄海月明珠有淚,藍(lán)田日暖玉生煙?!倍?lián)之前,那么,事情就變得簡單起來了:華年如莊生曉夢迷蝴蝶;華年如望帝春心托杜鵑;華年如滄海月明珠有淚;華年如藍(lán)田日暖玉生煙。從課下注釋,我們很容易就可以看出,這四句每一句都在用典。因此,我們通過對典故的解讀,然后加以整理,將其理順,似乎就可以完成對詩歌內(nèi)容的解讀;至于什么悼亡、愛情,不妨拋之腦后,畢竟,沒有那些其他的主題,也并沒有讓詩歌失色,而加上這些捉摸不定的主題,只是讓詩歌增加了所謂的神秘色彩,徒增閱讀難度而已。
《錦瑟》的主旨頗多,悼亡、戀情、自傷身世,每一種都有其支持者的長篇論述,但其首聯(lián)中“一弦一柱思華年。”從這個(gè)角度來看,似乎將主題定調(diào)為對“華年”的追思,似乎更為妥帖。當(dāng)我們有了一個(gè)明確的基調(diào)之后,后面幾聯(lián)在解讀時(shí)就有了一個(gè)準(zhǔn)確的方向。
1、三年的汗水,終于有了回報(bào)。站在領(lǐng)獎臺上,她興奮得不能自己,淚水刷刷地流了下來。誤:不能自己 正:不能自已[bù néng zì yǐ] 2、燈光下面,人頭攢動。這條街上陳列的,其實(shí)大都是膺品,但還是熱鬧非凡。誤:膺品 正:贗品[yàn pǐn]3、待學(xué)生從農(nóng)村基地回來時(shí),校舍已修茸一新,三幢大樓披上了節(jié)日的盛裝。誤:修茸 正:修葺[xiū qì] 4、埋伏在左側(cè)的三連,聽到?jīng)_鋒號響,尤如猛虎下山,直撲敵人陣地。誤:尤如猛虎下山 正:猶如猛虎下山[yóu rú] 5、粗制濫造,哄抬市價(jià),這種竭澤而魚的做法,最后必然會讓自己受到懲罰。誤:竭澤而魚 正:竭澤而漁[jié zé ér yú] 6、自從鋼琴熱掀起后,鋼琴教師身價(jià)倍增,一批“三腳貓”也混跡其中,濫芋充數(shù)。誤:濫芋充數(shù) 正:濫竽充數(shù)[làn yú chōng shù] 7、陽光穿射而入,配著店堂排列得整整齊齊的書架,真是一個(gè)書香花香陽光普照的世外桃園。誤:世外桃園 正:世外桃源[shì wài táo yuán]8、在調(diào)查過程中,陳又將大批贓款轉(zhuǎn)移至岳父處,專案組找他談話時(shí),他依舊裝得若無其事。誤:臟款 正:贓款[zāng kuǎn]
創(chuàng)設(shè)情境,導(dǎo)入新課:你對母親知多少師問1:我們5月份剛過了一個(gè)重要的節(jié)日,你知道是什么嗎?----母親節(jié)。師問2:那你知道媽媽的生日嗎?(舉手示意),每個(gè)媽媽都知道自己孩子的生日,請不知道的同學(xué)回家了解一下,多關(guān)心一下自己的父母。師問3:那你知道媽媽最愛吃的菜嗎?你可以選擇知道、不知道或者是沒有愛吃的(拖動白板上相對應(yīng)的表情符號)。請大家用不同的手勢表示出來。我找3名同學(xué)統(tǒng)計(jì)各組的數(shù)據(jù),寫在黑板上(隨機(jī)找3名學(xué)生數(shù)人數(shù))。下面我來隨機(jī)采訪一下:你媽媽最喜歡吃的菜是什么?(教師隨機(jī)采訪,結(jié)合營養(yǎng)搭配和感恩教育)
3課題類型造型表現(xiàn)4教學(xué)目標(biāo)1、認(rèn)識三原色,讓學(xué)生初步了解三原色的知識。2、觀察兩個(gè)原色調(diào)和之后產(chǎn)生的色彩變化,說出由兩原色調(diào)出的第三個(gè)顏色(間色)3、能夠調(diào)出預(yù)想的色彩,并用它們涂抹成一幅繪畫作品。5重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)1、引導(dǎo)學(xué)生觀察三原色在相互流動中的色彩變化。2、引導(dǎo)學(xué)生進(jìn)行色彩的調(diào)和、搭配。3、培養(yǎng)學(xué)生愛色彩、善于動手、善于觀察、善于動腦的能力。
2學(xué)情分析一年級學(xué)生對美術(shù)的興趣很高,對五顏六色的物體特別感興趣,孩子們課前做的準(zhǔn)備很好。3重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)1.節(jié)日里煙花的畫法。2.油畫棒和水彩顏料相結(jié)合的涂色技巧。教學(xué)活動活動1【活動】教案第5課五彩的煙花
本節(jié)課選自《普通高中課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)實(shí)驗(yàn)教科書數(shù)學(xué)必修1》5.6.2節(jié) 函數(shù)y=Asin(ωx+φ)的圖象通過圖象變換,揭示參數(shù)φ、ω、A變化時(shí)對函數(shù)圖象的形狀和位置的影響。通過引導(dǎo)學(xué)生對函數(shù)y=sinx到y(tǒng)=Asin(ωx+φ)的圖象變換規(guī)律的探索,讓學(xué)生體會到由簡單到復(fù)雜、由特殊到一般的化歸思想;并通過對周期變換、相位變換先后順序調(diào)整后,將影響圖象變換這一難點(diǎn)的突破,讓學(xué)生學(xué)會抓住問題的主要矛盾來解決問題的基本思想方法;通過對參數(shù)φ、ω、A的分類討論,讓學(xué)生深刻認(rèn)識圖象變換與函數(shù)解析式變換的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系。通過圖象變換和“五點(diǎn)”作圖法,正確找出函數(shù)y=sinx到y(tǒng)=Asin(ωx+φ)的圖象變換規(guī)律,這也是本節(jié)課的重點(diǎn)所在。提高學(xué)生的推理能力。讓學(xué)生感受數(shù)形結(jié)合及轉(zhuǎn)化的思想方法。發(fā)展學(xué)生數(shù)學(xué)直觀、數(shù)學(xué)抽象、邏輯推理、數(shù)學(xué)建模的核心素養(yǎng)。
【例3】本例中“p是q的充分不必要條件”改為“p是q的必要不充分條件”,其他條件不變,試求m的取值范圍.【答案】見解析【解析】由x2-8x-20≤0得-2≤x≤10,由x2-2x+1-m2≤0(m>0)得1-m≤x≤1+m(m>0)因?yàn)閜是q的必要不充分條件,所以q?p,且p?/q.則{x|1-m≤x≤1+m,m>0}?{x|-2≤x≤10}所以m>01-m≥-21+m≤10,解得0<m≤3.即m的取值范圍是(0,3].解題技巧:(利用充分、必要、充分必要條件的關(guān)系求參數(shù)范圍)(1)化簡p、q兩命題,(2)根據(jù)p與q的關(guān)系(充分、必要、充要條件)轉(zhuǎn)化為集合間的關(guān)系,(3)利用集合間的關(guān)系建立不等關(guān)系,(4)求解參數(shù)范圍.跟蹤訓(xùn)練三3.已知P={x|a-4<x<a+4},Q={x|1<x<3},“x∈P”是“x∈Q”的必要條件,求實(shí)數(shù)a的取值范圍.【答案】見解析【解析】因?yàn)椤皒∈P”是x∈Q的必要條件,所以Q?P.所以a-4≤1a+4≥3解得-1≤a≤5即a的取值范圍是[-1,5].五、課堂小結(jié)讓學(xué)生總結(jié)本節(jié)課所學(xué)主要知識及解題技巧
本課是高中數(shù)學(xué)第一章第4節(jié),充要條件是中學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)中最重要的數(shù)學(xué)概念之一, 它主要討論了命題的條件與結(jié)論之間的邏輯關(guān)系,目的是為今后的數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)特別是數(shù)學(xué)推理的學(xué)習(xí)打下基礎(chǔ)。從學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的角度看,與舊教材相比,教學(xué)時(shí)間的前置,造成學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)充要條件這一概念時(shí)的知識儲備不夠豐富,邏輯思維能力的訓(xùn)練不夠充分,這也為教師的教學(xué)帶來一定的困難.“充要條件”這一節(jié)介紹了充分條件,必要條件和充要條件三個(gè)概念,由于這些概念比較抽象,中學(xué)生不易理解,用它們?nèi)ソ鉀Q具體問題則更為困難,因此”充要條件”的教學(xué)成為中學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)的難點(diǎn)之一,而必要條件的定義又是本節(jié)內(nèi)容的難點(diǎn).A.正確理解充分不必要條件、必要不充分條件、充要條件的概念;B.會判斷命題的充分條件、必要條件、充要條件.C.通過學(xué)習(xí),使學(xué)生明白對條件的判定應(yīng)該歸結(jié)為判斷命題的真假.D.在觀察和思考中,在解題和證明題中,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生思維能力的嚴(yán)密性品質(zhì).
1.直觀圖:表示空間幾何圖形的平面圖形,叫做空間圖形的直觀圖直觀圖往往與立體圖形的真實(shí)形狀不完全相同,直觀圖通常是在平行投影下得到的平面圖形2.給出直觀圖的畫法斜二側(cè)畫法觀察:矩形窗戶在陽光照射下留在地面上的影子是什么形狀?眺望遠(yuǎn)處成塊的農(nóng)田,矩形的農(nóng)田在我們眼里又是什么形狀呢?3. 給出斜二測具體步驟(1)在已知圖形中取互相垂直的X軸Y軸,兩軸相交于O,畫直觀圖時(shí),把他們畫成對應(yīng)的X'軸與Y'軸,兩軸交于O'。且使∠X'O'Y'=45°(或135°)。他們確定的平面表示水平面。(2)已知圖形中平行于X軸或y軸的線段,在直觀圖中分別畫成平行于X'軸或y'軸的線段。(3)已知圖形中平行于X軸的線段,在直觀圖中保持原長度不變,平行于Y軸的線段,在直觀圖中長度為原來一半。4.對斜二測方法進(jìn)行舉例:對于平面多邊形,我們常用斜二測畫法畫出他們的直觀圖。如圖 A'B'C'D'就是利用斜二測畫出的水平放置的正方形ABCD的直觀圖。其中橫向線段A'B'=AB,C'D'=CD;縱向線段A'D'=1/2AD,B'C'=1/2BC;∠D'A'B'=45°,這與我們的直觀觀察是一致的。5.例一:用斜二測畫法畫水平放置的六邊形的直觀圖(1)在六邊形ABCDEF中,取AD所在直線為X軸,對稱軸MN所在直線為Y軸,兩軸交于O',使∠X'oy'=45°(2)以o'為中心,在X'上取A'D'=AD,在y'軸上取M'N'=½MN。以點(diǎn)N為中心,畫B'C'平行于X'軸,并且等于BC;再以M'為中心,畫E'F'平行于X‘軸并且等于EF。 (3)連接A'B',C'D',E'F',F'A',并擦去輔助線x軸y軸,便獲得正六邊形ABCDEF水平放置的直觀圖A'B'C'D'E'F' 6. 平面圖形的斜二測畫法(1)建兩個(gè)坐標(biāo)系,注意斜坐標(biāo)系夾角為45°或135°;(2)與坐標(biāo)軸平行或重合的線段保持平行或重合;(3)水平線段等長,豎直線段減半;(4)整理.簡言之:“橫不變,豎減半,平行、重合不改變。”
解析:平行線中的拐點(diǎn)問題,通常需過拐點(diǎn)作平行線.解:(1)∠AED=∠BAE+∠CDE.理由如下:過點(diǎn)E作EG∥AB.∵AB∥CD,∴AB∥EG∥CD,∴∠AEG=∠BAE,∠DEG=∠CDE.∵∠AED=∠AEG+∠DEG,∴∠AED=∠BAE+∠CDE;(2)同(1)可得∠AFD=∠BAF+∠CDF.∵∠BAF=2∠EAF,∠CDF=2∠EDF,∴∠BAE+∠CDE=32∠BAF+32∠CDF,∴∠AED=32∠AFD.方法總結(jié):無論平行線中的何種問題,都可轉(zhuǎn)化到基本模型中去解決,把復(fù)雜的問題分解到簡單模型中,問題便迎刃而解.三、板書設(shè)計(jì)平行線的性質(zhì):性質(zhì)1:兩條平行線被第三條直線所截,同位角相等;性質(zhì)2:兩條平行線被第三條直線所截,內(nèi)錯(cuò)角相等;性質(zhì)3:兩條平行線被第三條直線所截,同旁內(nèi)角互補(bǔ).平行線的性質(zhì)是幾何證明的基礎(chǔ),教學(xué)中注意基本的推理格式的書寫,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的邏輯思維能力,鼓勵學(xué)生勇于嘗試.在課堂上,力求體現(xiàn)學(xué)生的主體地位,把課堂交給學(xué)生,讓學(xué)生在動口、動手、動腦中學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)
解析:(1)由切線的性質(zhì)得AB⊥BF,因?yàn)镃D⊥AB,所以CD∥BF,由平行線的性質(zhì)得∠ADC=∠F,由圓周角定理的推論得∠ABC=∠ADC,于是證得∠ABC=∠F;(2)連接BD.由直徑所對的圓周角是直角得∠ADB=90°,因?yàn)椤螦BF=90°,然后運(yùn)用解直角三角形解答.(1)證明:∵BF為⊙O的切線,∴AB⊥BF.∵CD⊥AB,∴∠ABF=∠AHD=90°,∴CD∥BF.∴∠ADC=∠F.又∵∠ABC=∠ADC,∴∠ABC=∠F;(2)解:連接BD,∵AB為⊙O的直徑,∴∠ADB=90°,∴∠A+∠ABD=90°.由(1)可知∠ABF=90°,∴∠ABD+∠DBF=90°,∴∠A=∠DBF.又∵∠A=∠C,∴∠C=∠DBF.在Rt△DBF中,sin∠DBF=sinC=35,DF=6,∴BF=10,∴BD=8.在Rt△ABD中,sinA=sinC=35,BD=8,∴AB=403.∴⊙O的半徑為203.方法總結(jié):運(yùn)用切線的性質(zhì)來進(jìn)行計(jì)算或論證,常通過作輔助線連接圓心和切點(diǎn),利用垂直構(gòu)造直角三角形解決有關(guān)問題.
(一)例題引入籃球聯(lián)賽中,每場比賽都要分出勝負(fù),每隊(duì)勝1場得2分,負(fù)1場得1分。某隊(duì)在10場比賽中得到16分,那么這個(gè)隊(duì)勝負(fù)場數(shù)分別是多少?方法一:(利用之前的知識,學(xué)生自己列出并求解)解:設(shè)剩X場,則負(fù)(10-X)場。方程:2X+(10-X)=16方法二:(老師帶領(lǐng)學(xué)生一起列出方程組)解:設(shè)勝X場,負(fù)Y場。根據(jù):勝的場數(shù)+負(fù)的場數(shù)=總場數(shù) 勝場積分+負(fù)場積分=總積分得到:X+Y=10 2X+Y=16
4.That was an experience that frightened everyone. →That was _____________________. 答案:1. taking 2. being discussed 3. in the reading room 4. a frightening experienceStep 6 The meaning and function of V-ing as the predicative動詞-ing形式作表語,它通常位于系動詞后面,用以說明主語“是什么”或“怎么樣”一種表示主語的特質(zhì)、特征和狀態(tài), 其作用相當(dāng)于形容詞; 另一種具體說明主語的內(nèi)容, 即主語等同于表語, 兩者可互換。The music they are playing sounds so exciting. 他們演奏的音樂聽起來令人激動。The result is disappointing. 結(jié)果令人失望。Our job is playing all kinds of music. 我們的工作就是演奏各種音樂。Seeing is believing. 眼見為實(shí)。Step 7 Practice1. It is ________(amaze) that the boy is able to solve the problem so quickly.2. Buying a car is simply _______(waste) money. 3. Please stop making the noise—it’s getting ________(annoy). 4. complete the passage with the appropriate -ing form.La Tomatina is a festival that takes place in the Spanish town Bunol every August. I think many food festivals are __________ because people are just eating. however, this festival is _________ because people don't actually eat the tomatoes. Instead, they throw them at each other! the number of people ________ part in this tomato fight, can reach up to 20,000, and it is a very __________ fight that lasts for a whole hour. The _______ thing is how clean Bunol is after the tomatoes are washed away after the fight. this is because the juice form tomatoes is really good for making surfaces clean!答案:1. amazing 2. wasting 3. annoying4. boring interesting taking exciting amazing
The topic of this part is “Discover the reasons for festivals and celebrations.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at talking about the experiences and feelings or emotions about the festivals and celebrations. This section aims at detecting the reason why the people celebrate the festivals, the time, the places, the types and the way of celebrations. It also explains why some traditions in the old celebrations are disappearing, like the firecrackers in the big cities and some new things are appearing like the prosperity of business or commerce. 1. Students can talk about what festivals they know and the reasons and the way of celebrating them.2. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.3. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them. 4. Students can have the international awareness about the festivals.1. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.2. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat festival do you like best ? Why ?I like the Spring Festivals because I can set off the fireworks, receive the lucky money and enjoy the Gala with my families.Step 2 Before reading---Pair workWhy do people celebrate different festivals ?The Spring Festivals is to celebrate the end of winter and the coming of spring and new life.The Mid-autumn Day is to celebrate the harvest and admire the moon.
The theme of this section is “Talk about festival activities and festival experiences”.Festival and holiday is a relaxing and interesting topic for students. This part talks about the topic from the daily life of students’. In the part A ---Listening and Speaking, there are three conversations among different speakers from three countries(Japan, Rio and China), where the speakers are participating in or going to participate in the festivals and celebrations. So listening for the relationship among them is a fundamental task. Actually, with the globalization and more international communication, it is normal for Chinese or foreigners to witness different festivals and celebrations in or out of China. In the Conversation 1, a foreign reporter is interviewing a Japanese young girl who just had participated in the ceremony of the Coming-of-Age Day on the street and asking her feeling about the ceremony and the afterwards activities. Conversation 2, Chinese girl Li Mei is witnessing the Rio Carnival for the first time, and her friend Carla gives her some advice on the costumes which enables her to match with the carnival to have a good time. Conversation 3, a Chinese guide is showing a group of foreign visitors around the Lantern Festival and introducing the customs of the festival to them. The three conversations have a strong vitality and insert the festival and cultural elements from different countries. So perceiving the festivals and cultures from different countries is the second task. At the same time, the scripts also insert the targeted grammar --- v-ing as attributive and predicative, which students can perceive and experience in a real context and make a road for the further study. That is the third task. In the Part B--- Listening and Talking, the theme is “Talk about festival experience”, which is the common topic in our daily conversations. During the conversation, Song Lin, a Chinese student, asked Canadian friend Max about how to spend Christmas. In the conversation, Song Lin talked about experience and the feelings during the Chinese Spring Festival, during which there are not only some enjoyable things but some unpleasant things. After the listening, perhaps students find there are some similarities between Christmas and the Chinese Spring Festival as there are some differences in the origins and celebrations. For example, people always visit friends and relatives, decorate their houses, have a big dinner together, chat and give presents to each other.
The topic of this part is “Write about your festival experience”.During the Listening and Speaking and Talking, students are just asked to say out their festival experiences such as the Spring Festival, Mid-autumn Day, but this part students will be asked to write down their own festival experiences. During the reading part, it introduces the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which can give students a good example to imitate. Students not only learn the festival, but touch and feel the Inner Mongolian’s character, the spirit and cultural atmosphere, which can help students form the cultural awareness and learn to enjoy and value the diversity of Chinese culture.Concretely, the dairy tells the experience that the author spent the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region with his/her friend. The structure is clear. In the opening paragraph, it introduces the topic of the Naadam Festival and the whole feeling. Then it introduces the items of the festival like the ceremony, wrestling and horse racing. Finally, it summarizes this experience. Because this part is a travel journal, we must guide students pay more attention to these details: 1. use the first person. 2. use the past tense to tell the past thing and use the present or future tense to describe the scenery. 3. use the timeline to tell the development. 4. be careful for the author’s psychology, emotion and feeling, etc.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information about Naadam Festival.2. Learn the structure of the reading article and language.3. Write an article about a festival experience4. Learn to use the psychology, emotions and feeling in the writing.1. Write an article about a festival experience.2. Use the structure of the reading article and language.
1. 表示時(shí)間。Hearing these stories, I’m skeptical about the place. = When I heard these stories. . . 2. 表示原因。Not knowing his address, I can’t send this book to him. = Because/Since/As I don’t know his address. . . 3. 表示結(jié)果。His father died, leaving him a lot of money. =. . . and left him a lot of money4. 表示條件。Going straight down the road, you will find the department store. = If you go straight down the road. . . 5. 表示讓步。Being tired, they went on working. =Although they were tired. . . 6. 表示行為方式、伴隨情況或補(bǔ)充說明。He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time. =. . . and stared at the sky for a long time注意:非謂語動詞作狀語時(shí), 如所提供的動詞不能和句子中的主語保持一致, 動詞-ing形式必須有自己的邏輯主語, 通常由名詞或代詞來擔(dān)任, 這就是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。The last bus having gone, we had to walk home. (having gone的邏輯主語是the last bus, 而不是we)Weather permitting, the football match will be played on Friday. (permitting的邏輯主語是time, 而不是the football match)Step 7 Practice1. ________(study) hard, you are sure to get first prize. 2. People use plastic in their daily life, _______(leave) large amounts of waste. 3. ________(work) hard at your lessons, you are to succeed. 4. The old man, ____________(work) abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland. 5. ______________(finish) his homework, he was playing on the playground. Answers: 1. Studying 2. leaving 3. Working 4.having worked 5. Having finishedStep 8 HomeworkFinish the homework on Page 22.