教學(xué)重點(diǎn):1.比較分析地理環(huán)境差異對(duì)區(qū)域發(fā)展的影響2.分析區(qū)域不同發(fā)展階段地理環(huán)境的影響教學(xué)難點(diǎn):1.區(qū)域的特征2.以?xún)蓚€(gè)區(qū)域?yàn)槔?,比較分析地理環(huán)境差異對(duì)區(qū)域發(fā)展的影響教具準(zhǔn)備:有關(guān)掛圖等、自制圖表等教學(xué)方法:比較法、案例分析法、圖示法等教學(xué)過(guò)程:一、區(qū)域1.概念:區(qū)域是地球表面的空間單位,它是人們?cè)诘乩聿町惖幕A(chǔ)上,按一定的指標(biāo)和方法劃分出來(lái)的。2.特征:(1)區(qū)域具有一定的區(qū)位特征:不同的區(qū)域,自然環(huán)境有差異,人類(lèi)活動(dòng)也有差異。同一區(qū)域,區(qū)域內(nèi)部的特定性質(zhì)相對(duì)一致,如濕潤(rùn)區(qū)的多年平均降水量都在800毫米以上。但自然環(huán)境對(duì)人類(lèi)活動(dòng)的影響隨著其他條件的變化而不同。(2)具有一定的面積、形狀和邊界。①有的區(qū)域的邊界是明 確的,如行政區(qū);②有的區(qū)域的邊界具有過(guò)渡性質(zhì),如干濕地區(qū)。
二、學(xué)情分析:學(xué)生目前對(duì)形變和彈力有一定的感性認(rèn)識(shí)但是不夠深入;知道支持力、壓力都是彈力,但是不能夠概括產(chǎn)生的原因。理性思維還沒(méi)有達(dá)到一定的層次,要想理解彈力這一抽象概念還有一定困難。因此我采取引導(dǎo)、啟發(fā)的教學(xué)方式。
三、教學(xué)目標(biāo)根據(jù)《錦瑟》詩(shī)的地位作用以及學(xué)生的實(shí)際情況,還有在古詩(shī)詞教學(xué)方面課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的相關(guān)要求,現(xiàn)確定以下“三維教學(xué)目標(biāo)”:(一)知識(shí)與技能目標(biāo):感受體悟古典詩(shī)歌的意境美,發(fā)揮合理的主觀能動(dòng)性進(jìn)行創(chuàng)新性的閱讀鑒賞,正確認(rèn)識(shí)意象在詩(shī)歌意境中的重要作用。并在上述的基礎(chǔ)上提高鑒賞能力和審美情操。(二)過(guò)程與方法目標(biāo):《錦瑟》詩(shī)的講解采用“引導(dǎo)與自我生成”的方法,從老師的引導(dǎo)開(kāi)始,以學(xué)生的研討交流再加之教師的總結(jié)結(jié)束。利用教師引導(dǎo)和師生互動(dòng)刺激學(xué)生的領(lǐng)悟力,提高學(xué)生的認(rèn)知水平與能力。(三)情感態(tài)度價(jià)值觀目標(biāo):培養(yǎng)學(xué)生在尊重傳統(tǒng)文化的基礎(chǔ)上熱愛(ài)祖國(guó)自己文化的態(tài)度,讓學(xué)生正確認(rèn)識(shí)古典詩(shī)詞的精神美。最后在自我感悟中陶冶情操,明心啟智。
(4)Finally, I will ask the SS what this sentence mean:It is always calm before a storm.Purpose: attract the SS attention and bring them into discussionStep 2: Pre-reading 讀前Here, I will do the second question in pre-reading first. I will use the method of brainstorming to ask the SS what will happen before an earthquake; and list the phenomenon on the table. 2. Then I will show the SS the picture of abnormal phenomenon, at the same time, encourage the SS to describe.3、finally, I will summarize these phenomenon4、Do the first question in the pre-reading , Imaging your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away. You have time to take only one thing. What will you take? Why?Purpose: help the SS to get further understanding of the topic and stimulate their interests.Step3: While-reading 閱讀(1). Skimming Read the text quickly and catch the meaning of the first and second sentence of each paragraph. Predict the meaning of new words(2).scanning(找讀)A. Read the text again. Do the following question.1. When and where were the strange things happening?2. What are they?3. Why did the text say the world seemed to be at an end?4. How was the city destroyed after the quake?5. When did the second quake hit the city? What was the result of that?6. Who came to help Tangshan first? And how?B. Work in pairs to discuss the question.
各位評(píng)委老師,大家好。我說(shuō)課的題目是《祝?!贰R?、說(shuō)教材(一)教材所處的位置和地位高中語(yǔ)文新課程教材必修五本書(shū),共有2個(gè)單元中外小說(shuō)單元。一個(gè)必修3的第一單元,一個(gè)是必修5的第一單元,共六篇文章。(《林黛玉進(jìn)賈府》《祝福》《老人與?!贰读纸填^風(fēng)雪山神廟》《裝在套子里的人》《邊城》)《祝?!肥菍儆谇罢?。小說(shuō)是擁有眾多讀者的一種文體,它可以多方面刻畫(huà)人物性格,描摹人物心理,完整地表現(xiàn)人物之間的沖突,還可以具體生動(dòng)地再現(xiàn)人物生活的環(huán)境,因此在反映復(fù)雜的社會(huì)生活方面具有獨(dú)特優(yōu)勢(shì)。所以學(xué)習(xí)小說(shuō)這種文學(xué)樣式,也是有助于學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)鑒賞小說(shuō)的基本方法,為將來(lái)的小說(shuō)閱讀打下基礎(chǔ)。魯迅的《祝?!肥侵袊?guó)現(xiàn)代小說(shuō)的精品,當(dāng)中的人物祥林嫂也是魯迅小說(shuō)中與阿Q、孔乙己三個(gè)最為出名的人物之一。研讀好這篇文章,對(duì)將來(lái)小說(shuō)的閱讀,小說(shuō)中人物的理解,甚至小說(shuō)的寫(xiě)作都有深廣意義。
一、教學(xué)理念在新課改精神指導(dǎo)下,我在本課教學(xué)中力求貫徹以下教學(xué)理念:新課標(biāo)的指引觀 、生本位的學(xué)生觀、探究式的學(xué)習(xí)觀、多角色的教師觀、 發(fā)展性的評(píng)價(jià)觀二、教材地位《馬克思主義的誕生》是人教版必修一第五單元第18課內(nèi)容,本課講述的是國(guó)際共產(chǎn)主義運(yùn)動(dòng)范疇的歷史,是人類(lèi)社會(huì)進(jìn)入一個(gè)新的發(fā)展時(shí)期。從總體上概述了社會(huì)主義從空想到科學(xué),從理論到實(shí)踐的歷程。說(shuō)明了科學(xué)社會(huì)主義理論是歷史發(fā)展的必然結(jié)果。本課在國(guó)際工運(yùn)史上占有重要的地位。通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)生可對(duì)馬克思主義加深了解,理解人類(lèi)歷史發(fā)展的必然趨勢(shì)以及人類(lèi)一直不斷追求進(jìn)步的精神,幫助學(xué)生樹(shù)立正確的人生觀、價(jià)值觀,達(dá)到以史鑒今,服務(wù)現(xiàn)實(shí)的目的。
“深入探究,把握主旨”這一步則是解決教學(xué)的重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn),這里涉及到課文的深層意蘊(yùn),學(xué)生理解有難度,教師在通過(guò)問(wèn)題引領(lǐng)學(xué)生探討的基礎(chǔ)上,還要適時(shí)啟發(fā)、點(diǎn)撥,因?yàn)榻虒W(xué)時(shí)間有限,讓學(xué)生漫無(wú)邊際的討論,可能難以完成預(yù)定的教學(xué)任務(wù),會(huì)使教學(xué)過(guò)程不完整。至于本文的寫(xiě)作特點(diǎn)的教學(xué)視時(shí)間而定,有時(shí)間可以讓學(xué)生說(shuō)一說(shuō),沒(méi)有時(shí)間用小黑板出示一下,讓學(xué)生了解就行,如果時(shí)間不夠,甚至可以不講。第三階段是“延伸練習(xí),鞏固提高”。
(2).教學(xué)手段為了使我根據(jù)教材而設(shè)計(jì)的三個(gè)教學(xué)目標(biāo)以及重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)得以的突出和突破,達(dá)到最大化的展示境界,同時(shí)也為了配合以上我選擇的四種教法得以完滿實(shí)現(xiàn),我決定采用“多媒體”教學(xué)手段進(jìn)行全程教學(xué)。利用電腦的信息容量大,操作簡(jiǎn)便等優(yōu)點(diǎn),形象生動(dòng)的直觀展示教學(xué)內(nèi)容,不但提高學(xué)習(xí)效率和質(zhì)量,而且容易激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣和調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)的積極性。四、說(shuō)學(xué)法我為學(xué)生設(shè)計(jì)了三個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)方法:1.讓學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)在探究中學(xué)。通過(guò)“對(duì)黑人嚴(yán)酷處境的探究”和對(duì)文中重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)句的探究,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生在探究中學(xué)習(xí)的能力。2.讓學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)在讀中學(xué)。通過(guò)“誦讀法”指導(dǎo)學(xué)生在誦讀過(guò)程中感受演講詞內(nèi)在的魅力,學(xué)會(huì)在讀中學(xué)。3.讓學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)在練習(xí)中學(xué)。通過(guò)“課外延伸練習(xí)法”,對(duì)所學(xué)的知識(shí)進(jìn)行運(yùn)用,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的創(chuàng)新和自學(xué)能力。
一、說(shuō)教材1.教材分析《涉江采芙蓉》是新人教版必修二第二單元《古詩(shī)三首》中的一首?!豆旁?shī)十九首》在中國(guó)古代詩(shī)歌的藝術(shù)手法上起著承前啟后的作用,在高中語(yǔ)文古詩(shī)教學(xué)中也起著承前啟后的作用。這首古體詩(shī)不論是藝術(shù)上,還是在思想上都已經(jīng)達(dá)到了十分純熟的境界。因此,它十分重要。2.說(shuō)學(xué)情這首詩(shī)歌在內(nèi)容上難度不大,可以做多角度解讀。新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生作個(gè)性化解讀,我們可以引導(dǎo)學(xué)生就此作些探討。學(xué)生通過(guò)小學(xué)、初中的系統(tǒng)學(xué)習(xí)和本冊(cè)古詩(shī)部分的集中學(xué)習(xí),有了一定的古詩(shī)鑒賞能力,對(duì)源遠(yuǎn)流長(zhǎng)的中華文化也有了一些積淀,興趣漸濃,這是進(jìn)一步引導(dǎo)學(xué)生熱愛(ài)古代詩(shī)歌、學(xué)習(xí)古代詩(shī)歌的一個(gè)前提。3.教學(xué)目標(biāo)依據(jù)學(xué)生特點(diǎn),教材特色以及新課標(biāo)的要求,制定教學(xué)目標(biāo)如下:(用多媒體展示)1、了解關(guān)于《古詩(shī)十九首》的文學(xué)常識(shí);2、感受詩(shī)歌的思想內(nèi)涵;3、運(yùn)用想象描摹詩(shī)歌的藝術(shù)畫(huà)面。
Ⅲ. Analysis of the teaching material:The topic of this unit is cultural relics. Students are quite interested in topics about different cultures around the world. This is the second period of the whole unit. As a reading class, the passage mainly talks about the history of the amber room (how it was made, sent as a gift, lost and rebuilt).According to the new national curriculum, when teaching reading, much emphasis should be put on training the students’ reading skills.Ⅳ. Teaching objectives1. Language objectives:1) Students are required to master the key words and phrases occurred in the passage (e.g. amazing, decorate, belong, in return, less than etc.)2) Students are required to learn the attributive clause and acquire the sentence pattern.2. 1) Students are required to describe a certain thing by using the new sentence patterns.2) Students are required to master two kinds of reading skills—skimming and scanning, and learn to use them in their daily reading.3. 1) Students are required to know the history of the amber room.2) Students are required to appreciate cultural relics and understand the importance of protecting them.Ⅴ. Teaching important and difficult points1) the new words, phrases, and sentence pattern in the course of reading.2) Teaching difficult point: Help the students master two kinds of reading skills—skimmingand scanning and learn to apply them in daily use.Ⅵ. Teaching methods:Task-based method & Top-down model Ⅶ. Teaching aids: PPT, pictures, blackboard Ⅷ. Teaching procedure:
Purpose of my design:To ask the students to do these two tasks will make the Ss predict the story of this passage. As a result, it will deepen Ss’ memory of this story because they will have their own understanding of this story.Step 3. While-readingTask 1. (Individual work _____min)Skimming: ask students to skim the text and the main ideas of each paragraph in this passage. Please read it quickly and then match the sentences with the letters.Task 2. (Individual work _____min)Scanning: read the text quickly and decide the whether the following statements are true or false and give reasons.Task 3. (Pair work _____min)Listen to the tape and fill in the banks. Then read the paragraph with expression to your partner.Task4 (individual work min)Listen to the tape again and write down the main idea in one sentence.Purpose of my design: Enable students to understand the given material better by using different reading skills. And proper competition can arouse the Ss’ interest in English learning. “Task-based” teaching method is used here todevelop the Ss’ ability of communication and also their ability of co-operation will be well trainedStep 4. Post-readingTask 1. (Individual work, pair work, group work, class work; _____min)Discussion (group of 4):1. If you were Hippomenes, would you run against Atlanta?2. Do you think Hippomenes deserved to win the race? Why or why not?Step 5. HomeworkPlease read the story again carefully after class and imagine: What will happen during the race between Hippomenes and Atlanta? Who do you think will win the race? Do you think Atlanta would marry Hippomenes? Write an end for the story with thses questions.Purpose of my design: Homework is so important and necessary for to master the knowledge they learned after class. It will check whether the Ss achieve the teaching aims.Part 5 Blackboard design
一、說(shuō)教材《短歌行》是普通高中課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)實(shí)驗(yàn)教科書(shū)必修(二)第二單元的一篇略讀課文,本單元安排的是先秦到南北朝時(shí)期的詩(shī)歌?!抖谈栊小肥侵渭?、軍事家、文學(xué)家曹操的作品。詩(shī)中抓住“憂”字來(lái)寫(xiě)詩(shī)人為什么“憂”,如何解“憂”,從而表達(dá)希望能夠招攬人才、完成統(tǒng)一天下的雄心壯志。所以本單元安排《短歌行》一詩(shī),對(duì)學(xué)生全面了解曹操,感受曹操在短暫的人生中竭力創(chuàng)造偉業(yè)的氣概。二、說(shuō)學(xué)生我這一課的教學(xué)對(duì)象是高一學(xué)生。他們進(jìn)入高中學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)間只有三個(gè)多月,現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完成了必修(一)的學(xué)習(xí)。學(xué)習(xí)了現(xiàn)代詩(shī)歌單元,有了一定的詩(shī)歌學(xué)習(xí)基礎(chǔ),初步掌握了讀詩(shī)的基本方法,但是還未能形成成熟的穩(wěn)定的學(xué)習(xí)方式。同時(shí),本單元學(xué)習(xí)是高中第一次接觸古代詩(shī)歌,詩(shī)歌語(yǔ)言上的障礙和時(shí)間上的跨度對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)都是學(xué)習(xí)上的困難。因此教師要引導(dǎo)學(xué)生自主學(xué)習(xí),合作學(xué)習(xí),為他們?cè)O(shè)置新的學(xué)習(xí)情境,提供合作探究的機(jī)會(huì)。
為了加強(qiáng)學(xué)生的理解,讓學(xué)生討論以下問(wèn)題。由師生共同總結(jié)。播放一個(gè)短時(shí)視頻,讓學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)到水的重要性后,展示節(jié)水標(biāo)識(shí),說(shuō)明由來(lái)。細(xì)胞中的無(wú)機(jī)鹽這部分,我將展示圖表,并列出問(wèn)題:表中哪些成分屬于無(wú)機(jī)鹽?為什么要在運(yùn)動(dòng)員喝的飲料中添加無(wú)機(jī)鹽?無(wú)機(jī)鹽在細(xì)胞的生活中起什么作用?然后展示廣告語(yǔ),讓學(xué)生思考和討論以下問(wèn)題,并得到答案。再閱讀課本,驗(yàn)證自己的答案是否正確。關(guān)于無(wú)機(jī)鹽的作用較難理解,通過(guò)列舉人體生活與健康中的各種實(shí)例來(lái)加深感性認(rèn)識(shí),加強(qiáng)對(duì)理論知識(shí)的理解3、課堂小結(jié),強(qiáng)化認(rèn)識(shí)。(3—5分鐘)課堂小結(jié),可以把課堂傳授的知識(shí)盡快地轉(zhuǎn)化為學(xué)生的素質(zhì);簡(jiǎn)單扼要的課堂小結(jié),可使學(xué)生更深刻地理解理論知識(shí)在實(shí)際生活中的應(yīng)用,并且逐漸地培養(yǎng)學(xué)生具有良好的個(gè)性。4、板書(shū)設(shè)計(jì)我比較注重直觀、系統(tǒng)的板書(shū)設(shè)計(jì),還及時(shí)地體現(xiàn)教材中的知識(shí)點(diǎn),以便于學(xué)生能夠理解掌握。5、布置作業(yè)。
The joke set her crying.這個(gè)玩笑使她哭起來(lái)。Step 5 ReadingActivity 31. Students read the small text in activity 3. The teacher provides several small questions to check whether students understand the content of the text and the ideographic function of the -ing form in the text.*Where are those people?*Why did Dr Bethune come to China?*How did he help the Chinese people during the war?*What did Chairman Mao Zedong say about him?2. Ss try to rewrite some sentences using the -ing form. Then check the answers. When checking the answers, the teacher can ask different students to read the rewritten sentences and give comments.Answers:1. he became very interested in medicine, deciding to become a doctor.2. …after hearing that many people were dying in the war.3. Helping to organise hospitals, he taught doctors and nurses, and showed people how to give first aid./ He helped to organise hospitals, teaching doctors and nurses, and showing people how to give first aid.4. …praising Dr Bethune as a hero to be remembered in China.Step 6 PracticeActivity 4Students complete grammar activities 2 and 3 on page 69 of the workbook.Step 6 Homework1. Understand and master the functions and usage of the -ing form;2. Finish the other exercises in Using structures.1、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生是否理解和掌握動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)語(yǔ)的功能和意義;2、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否正確使用動(dòng)詞-ing形式描述人物的行為、動(dòng)作及其經(jīng)歷;3、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否獨(dú)立完成練習(xí)冊(cè)和導(dǎo)學(xué)案中的相關(guān)練習(xí)。
Activity 41. Students complete the task of activity 4, then teachers and students check the answers. 2. The teacher organized the students to work together and asked them to use the tables and mind maps sorted out before to retold the important choices in Lin Qiaozhi's life and their resultsStep 5 Language points1. The teacher asks the students to read the text carefully, find out the core words and long and difficult sentences in the text and draw lines, understand the use of vocabulary, and analyze the structure of long and difficult sentences. 2. The teacher explains and summarizes the usage of core vocabulary and asks the students to take notes. 3. The teacher analyzes and explains the long and difficult sentences that the students don't understand, so that the students can understand them better. Step 6 Homework1. Read the text again, in-depth understanding of the text; 2. Master the use of core vocabulary and understand the long and difficult sentences. 3. Complete relevant exercises in the guide plan. 1、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生是否理解和掌握閱讀文本中的新詞匯的意義與用法;2、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否結(jié)合文本特點(diǎn)總結(jié)林巧稚的人生原則和人格品質(zhì)特征;3、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否針對(duì)人生抉擇發(fā)表自己的看法;能否全面地、客觀地、理性地看待問(wèn)題,進(jìn)而對(duì)道德和人性有更加深入的思考和理解。
3.Teachers ask different groups to report the answers to the questions and ask them to try different sentence patterns.The teacher added some sentence patterns for students to refer to when writing.Step 4 Writing taskActivity 51.Write the first draft.Students first review the evaluation criteria in activity 5, and then independently complete the draft according to the outline of activity 4, the answers to the questions listed in the group discussion and report, and the reference sentence pattern.2.Change partners.The teacher guides the students to evaluate their partner's composition according to the checklist of activity 5 and proposes Suggestions for modification.3.Finalize the draft.Based on the peer evaluation, students revise their own compositions and determine the final draft.Finally, through group recommendation, the teacher selects excellent compositions for projection display or reading aloud in class, and gives comments and Suggestions.Step 5 Showing writingActivity 5T call some Ss to share their writing.Step 6 Homework1. Read the passage in this section to better understand the passage.2. Carefully understand the hierarchical structure of the article, and deeply understand the plot of the story according to the causes, process and results;3. Independently complete the relevant exercises in the guide plan.1、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生是否理解和掌握閱讀文本中的新詞匯的意義與用法;2、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否通過(guò)人物言行的對(duì)比分析道德故事的深層內(nèi)涵;3、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否根據(jù)故事的起因、經(jīng)過(guò)和結(jié)果來(lái)深入理解故事的情節(jié),從而了解文章的層次結(jié)構(gòu);4、結(jié)合現(xiàn)實(shí)生活案例發(fā)表自己的見(jiàn)解和看法,寫(xiě)一篇觀點(diǎn)明確、層次分明的故事評(píng)論。
(2) students are divided into groups according to the requirements of activity 3. Each student shares a story of personal experience or hearing-witnessing kindness, and then selects the most touching story in the group and shares it with the whole class. Before the students share the story, the teacher can instruct them to use the words and sentence patterns in the box to express. For example, the words in the box can be classified:Time order: first of all, then, after that, later, finally logical relationship :so, however, although, butTeachers can also appropriately add some transitional language to enrich students' expression:Afterwards, afterwards, at last, in the end, eventuallySpatial order: next to, far from, on the left, in front ofOtherwise, nevertheless, as a result, therefore, furthermore, in addition, as well asSummary: in a word, in short, on the whole, to sum up, in briefStep 8 Homework1. Understand the definition of "moral dilemma" and establish a correct moral view;2. Accumulate vocabulary about attitudes and emotions in listening texts and use them to express your own views;3. Complete relevant exercises in the guide plan.1、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否理解理解“道德困境”的定義;2、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否通過(guò)說(shuō)話人所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容、說(shuō)話的語(yǔ)氣、語(yǔ)調(diào)等來(lái)判斷其態(tài)度和情緒;3、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否針對(duì)具體的道德困境發(fā)表自己的看法和見(jiàn)解,能否掌握聽(tīng)力理訓(xùn)練中的聽(tīng)力策略。
(明確:“寡人之于國(guó)也,盡心焉耳矣”,但“寡人之民不加多,何也?”)②他認(rèn)為自己對(duì)國(guó)家政務(wù)盡心盡力了,他有哪些具體做法?(明確:移民移粟)③第2—4節(jié)中孟子是怎樣說(shuō)明梁惠王移民移粟的措施與“鄰國(guó)之政”并無(wú)本質(zhì)區(qū)別的?(明確:孟子不直接回答“民不加多”的問(wèn)題,而是用梁惠王熟悉的“戰(zhàn)”設(shè)喻——設(shè)圈套,誘使對(duì)方在不知不覺(jué)中說(shuō)出“不可,直不百步耳,是亦走也。”)④孟子認(rèn)為怎樣才能做到“王道之始”?要想“王道之成”還需采取哪些措施?(明確:“不違農(nóng)時(shí),谷不可勝食也。數(shù)罟不入氵夸池,魚(yú)鱉不可勝食也。斧斤以時(shí)入山林,材木不可勝用也。谷與魚(yú)鱉不可勝食,材木不可勝用五畝之宅,樹(shù)之以桑,五十者可以衣帛矣。雞豚狗彘之畜,無(wú)失其時(shí),七十者可以食肉矣。百畝之田,勿奪其時(shí),數(shù)口之家,可以無(wú)饑矣。謹(jǐn)庫(kù)序之教,申之以孝涕之義,頒白者不負(fù)戴于道路矣。)這一小步的目的是想讓學(xué)生通過(guò)這些問(wèn)題的解答,可以進(jìn)一步理清思路,掌握文的大概內(nèi)容。
3、重要語(yǔ)句的理解“可是一個(gè)人并不是生來(lái)要給打敗的,你盡可把它消滅掉,可就是打不敗他。”解析:這是老人第一次回合之后的內(nèi)心獨(dú)白,也是此小說(shuō)的核心精神,充分體現(xiàn)了老人桑地亞哥的生命理念。整句話可以分為兩部分來(lái)理解,前句告訴我們,人生活在自然與社會(huì)當(dāng)中,必不可少要面臨一些坎坷、磨難,這些磨難、坎坷完全可以造成軀體的消滅、消亡,這是人生命的脆弱性。后句,面對(duì)挫折,只要保持一種樂(lè)觀的精神,擁有一顆堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的心靈,那么,人類(lèi)執(zhí)著奮斗的精神將永不磨滅。4、象征主義題目是《老人與?!?,而表明上,小說(shuō)是寫(xiě)一位老人及其在海上的經(jīng)歷,但實(shí)際上,老人的形象極具概括性,他已經(jīng)超越了一個(gè)人的存在,而成為了人生的一種象征。老人桑地亞哥就是“硬漢子”的代表,大海則是生命旅途的象征,鯊魚(yú)則是我們行走中的“強(qiáng)物”,厄運(yùn)的象征。人的一生不可能一帆風(fēng)順,不經(jīng)歷風(fēng)雨,怎能見(jiàn)彩虹,走在人生路途中,不可避免我們都要遇到挫折,被厄運(yùn)所阻撓,只有經(jīng)歷與“鯊魚(yú)”的較量,才能成為強(qiáng)者,唱出最美的歌。
5.5癌癥的預(yù)防作為本節(jié)最重要內(nèi)容,且與生活息息相關(guān),我采用老師引導(dǎo)、學(xué)生討論總結(jié)的方法進(jìn)行教學(xué)。從生活各方面總結(jié)出保健良方 ,既對(duì)知識(shí)有很好應(yīng)用,又體現(xiàn)對(duì)生命的熱愛(ài)。此時(shí),本節(jié)課達(dá)到高潮,同學(xué)們意氣風(fēng)發(fā),熱烈討論,實(shí)現(xiàn)本節(jié)課的教學(xué)目標(biāo)。5.6 癌癥的治療通過(guò)講述癌癥治療方法的副作用,激發(fā)學(xué)生探究生物學(xué)欲望,激勵(lì)學(xué)生立志除癌。 在此,我選用一則關(guān)于一名癌癥晚期病人運(yùn)用心理療法成功戰(zhàn)勝癌癥的故事,在于對(duì)不同層次的學(xué)生進(jìn)行多方面啟發(fā)教育,體現(xiàn)面向全體學(xué)生的課程理念。5.7 愉悅總結(jié),及時(shí)反饋本節(jié)知識(shí)點(diǎn)零散,我將帶領(lǐng)學(xué)生回憶瀏覽本節(jié)內(nèi)容,使零散知識(shí)點(diǎn)系統(tǒng)化。在課堂反饋環(huán)節(jié),我通過(guò)簡(jiǎn)單練習(xí)采用分組競(jìng)答的方式把握學(xué)生對(duì)知識(shí)的掌握程度,并給予表現(xiàn)突出的學(xué)生適當(dāng)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì),這是本節(jié)課第三個(gè)亮點(diǎn)。競(jìng)答既使課堂顯得緊湊、集中,又有利于形成學(xué)生的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)意識(shí),還使得學(xué)生的知識(shí)得以鞏固應(yīng)用。