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新人教版高中英語必修1Unit 1 Teenage Life-Discovering Useful Structure教案
（形容詞短語most beautiful的構(gòu)成形式為:副詞+形容詞，該短語在句中作定語修飾名詞bird）④A good friend is someone who makes you really happy.好朋友就是能讓你真正高興的人。（形容詞短語really happy的構(gòu)成形式為:副詞+形容詞，該短語在句中作賓語補足語）[即學(xué)即練]畫出下例句中的形容詞短語并指明構(gòu)成形式如:It is less cold today than it was yesterday.構(gòu)成形式: 副詞+形容詞（1）Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.（2）The road is long enough.（3）The medicine is good for stomach.三、副詞短語（Adverb Phrases）副詞短語:指以一個副詞為中心構(gòu)成的短語，在句中的功能相當于副詞，可以修飾動詞、形容詞或副詞。常見副詞短語的構(gòu)成形式有:（副詞）+副詞如: much more beautifully①He did his work here yesterday.他昨天在這里工作。（副詞短語here yesterday修飾動詞did）②Bill did the work very well.比爾做的這份工作很好。副詞短語very well修飾動詞did③We are all entirely responsible for our action（副詞短語all entirely, 修飾形容詞短語responsible for）
新人教版高中英語必修1Unit 1 Teenage Life-Reading and Thinking教案
【教材分析】The topic of this unit is about teenage life, which belongs to the theme context of “humans and oneself”.As teenagers who shoulder the responsibility of “Chinese great dream”, they must fully know themselves, including their strengths, weaknesses and challenges etc. They are supposed to improve themselves continuously and readily study their subjects, and thus foster their strategies and confidence in lifelong studies.This period is entitled the freshmen challenges, which mainly concerns some big challenges for new students in Senior high school. In this period, a teacher should lead students to find out what their challenges are and guide them to figure out how to crack the challenges and better themselves. More importantly, a teacher should instruct students to absorb new language points and appreciate the language. Besides, a teacher must instruct students to acquire some skills concerning reading efficiently and inspire them to talk more about their new school life, especially their new problems and solutions both at school and in life.【教學(xué)目標與核心素養(yǎng)】1. Enable students to acquire the basic usage of the new words and expressions concerning the freshmen challenges and learn to use them flexibly.2. Enable students to have a good understanding of the freshmen challenges in the new senior high school which is quite different from junior middle school.3. Develop students’ sense of cooperative learning and individual thinking capability. 4. Develop students’ different learning skills to solve different reading comprehensive problems.
新人教版高中英語必修1Unit 1 Teenage Life-Reading for Writing教案
【教材分析】This teaching period mainly deals with reading for writing a letter of advice. Students are expected to learn the knowledge about how to write a suggestion letter. The teacher is expected to enable students to master some writing skills concerning suggestion letters and learn to write one.【教學(xué)目標與核心素養(yǎng)】1. Get students to have a good understanding of how to write a suggestion letter properly.2. Enable students to use some writing skills flexibly.3. Develop students’ writing and cooperating abilities.4. Strengthen students’ great interest in writing discourses.【教學(xué)重難點】1. How to enable students to have a good understanding of the skills of writing a suggestion letter2.How to enable students to write a good recommendation letter using some writing skills properly.【教學(xué)過程】Step 1: Lead in Begin the class with the lead-in questions: how to write a letter for advice? What kinds of aspects should be included? It is strongly recommended that the teacher should ask students to discuss the topic freely with their partners and brainstorm some ideas concerning the topic. In this way, students can come up with more ideas and avoid being nervous at the beginning of the class.Step 2: Read to discover details concerning advice letters’ writing style.The teacher is expected to ask students to read a letter offering some advice on page 18 silently and then request students to discuss the questions below.
人教版高中地理必修1第三章第一節(jié)自然界的水循環(huán)教案
淺層地下水是貯存于地表松散堆積物中的潛水。主要受降水、氣溫、蒸發(fā)等氣象因素影響，有明顯的季節(jié)變化與日變化，并與河水有相應(yīng)補給關(guān)系，即河水高于潛水面時，河水補給地下水，反之地下水補給河流；深層地下水是長時間內(nèi)滲入地下深入儲存起來的，它緩慢地流出補給河流，受氣象因素影響很小，通常只有年變化，季節(jié)變化已不明顯。當然，一條河流的河水補給來源往往不是單一的，而是以某一種形式為主的混合補給形式，對流域自然條件復(fù)雜的大的河流來說尤其如此。我國長江上游地區(qū)除雨水、地下水外，高原高山上冰川、積雪在夏季融化也補給河流；東北地區(qū)的河流，由春季融化積雪補給，夏季則由雨水和地下水補給；西北內(nèi)陸盆地除雨水外，夏季高山冰川、積雪融化成為河流的主要補給形式。我國季風(fēng)地區(qū)，大部分河流以雨水補給為主，而冬季則由地下水補給。
新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 2 Wildlife Protection-Reading for Writing教案二
This lesson aims at making a poster about protecting wildlife after reading some posters. During reading students are guided to understand the content and try to summarize the posters with one sentence. Then students are guided to try to make a poster about protecting wildlife.1. Read the two posters and try to understand the summary sentences.2. Look at the two posters and try to understand what emotions they express.3. Try to summarize the features of posters4. Try to make a poster about wildlife.1. Look at the two posters and try to understand what emotions they express.2. Try to summarize the features of posters3. Try to make a poster about wildlife.Step 1 Lead inLook at the the posters on the textbook and ask:Which emotions do the posters communicate ?Step 2 Read the poster and answer the questions.1. What do you think of the animals in the poster on the left ?I think it is frightening and ugly.2. Why do we should protect the ugly animals ?All species--the good, the bad, and the ugly-- should be treated equally.The world needs all kinds--without variety, our planet cannot survive.3. Why are billions of trees being cut down every year ?To make paper for humans.4. What result will be lead to after the trees are cut down ?A lost of animal homes are being destroyed./The habitat of wildlife is being destroyed.Step 3 Find the feature of posters1. What does each poster use to stir up emotions ?On the left, it makes us a little frightened and it looks a little ugly, but it can activate our curiosity--What is it? And What is wrong with it?On the right, it makes us feel a little sad and want to protect them.
新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 2 Wildlife Protection-Discovering Useful Structure教案二
2．表示現(xiàn)階段正在進行的被動動作(該動作在說話的瞬間未必正在進行)。Many interesting experiments are being carried out these days.(說話時，并不一定正在進行)3．表示一種經(jīng)常性的被動行為，常和always，constantly 等表示頻度的副詞連用，這種用法常常帶有贊揚或厭惡的感情色彩。He is always being praised by the leader.4．表示按計劃或安排主語將要承受謂語動詞所表示的動作(僅限于少數(shù)及物動詞)。A party is being held tonight.Step 4 Special cases1.像take care of, look after, talk about, think of等動詞與介詞構(gòu)成的短語用于現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)時, 其中的介詞不可省略。The ways to stop illegally hunting are being talked about. 2．可與部分情態(tài)動詞連用，表示對正在發(fā)生的事情的推測。She may be being punished by her mother.3．有時可表示按計劃或安排將要進行的一個被動動作。A celebration is being held this weekend for his success.4．某些表示“狀態(tài)、心理活動、存在”等的動詞，如have，want，need，love，一般不用現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)，而常用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。With the population increasing，more land is needed.5．“be＋under/in＋n.”可表示現(xiàn)在進行時的被動意義。My computer is under repair.＝My computer is being repaired.
新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 2 Wildlife Protection-Discovering Useful Structure教案一
The activity topic of this section is "report an ongoing event", and the structure is the passive voice of present continuous tense. Rare wild animals are suffering from large-scale poaching, and species are on the brink of danger. Rescue operations are underway. "Being" and "suffering" are the meanings of the present progressive passive voice.The usage of present progressive passive voice is of great importance in writing a good discourse and appreciating some difficult language items, so it is vital to master it and use it flexibly in a context.1. Motivate Ss to deepen the understanding of the usage of present progressive passive voice in a fixed context.2. Enable Ss to master the usage of present progressive passive voice and use it flexibly in a context.3. Lead Ss to construct sentences or appreciate sentences used master it and use it flexibly in a context.1. Help students to appreciate the function of the usage of present progressive passive voice in a sentence2. Instruct students to write essays using the proper usage of present progressive passive voice.Look at the picture and tell me what are workers doing? What is the house being done?
新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 2 Wildlife Protection-Reading and Thinking教案一
The listening and speaking part aims at how to protect and help endangered animals by listening, speaking and talking about the facts and reasons. This lesson analyzes the decreasing clause of Tibetan antelope population and the measures of protecting Tibetan antelopes. So students can be guided to learn to analyse the title and use different reading skills or strategies, like scanning, skimming and careful reading.1. Read quickly to get the main ideas and the purpose of going to Tibetan; read carefully to understand what the author see and think.2. Understand the sentences of the present continuous passive voice such as “Much is being done to protect wildlife.” and the inverted sentence “Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.”3. Enhance the awareness of protecting wildlife.4. Cultivate the reading methods according to different materials.1. Read quickly to get the main ideas and the purpose of going to Tibetan; read carefully to understand what the author see and think.2. Understand the sentences of the present continuous passive voice such as “Much is being done to protect wildlife.” and the inverted sentence “Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.”3. Cultivate the reading methods according to different materials.Step 1 Leading-inWatch a video about elephants and whales and then ask:Why are they endangered ? They are killed/hunted
新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 2 Wildlife Protection-Listening &Speaking＆Talking教案
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “how to save endangered wildlife and help wildlife in their neighborhood.” Due to the continuous deterioration of the living environment, a large number of wild animals are always facing the threat of endangered or extinction. Listening and speaking period enables students to understand the fact and reason why wild species are disappearing from the earth at an amazing speed, and realize that human beings ought to enhance the awareness of protecting wild species as soon as possible.Listening and Talking introduces the theme of " how to help wildlife in Ss’ neighborhood.". Now there are many volunteers who spontaneously protect wild animals, carry out various activities according to local conditions, and contribute their own strength to local animal protection with practical actions. Middle school students are also enthusiastic participants. They organize activities in their spare time, and take this opportunity to make friends, broaden their horizons, cultivate team spirit and communication skills. This section describes a bird watching activity organized by several middle school students of Bird watching Club. It aims to stimulate students' interest, improve their understanding of bird watching activities, and use the language structure of “being used for; in order to, so as to, to, so that, in order that ” to express the purpose for communication and discussion.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of using visuals to predict content.2. Cultivate students' ability to guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to save endangered wildlife and help wildlife in their neighborhood.3. Instruct students to use functional sentences of the dialogue such as “I am concerned about…” “what do you know about the endangered animals in…" and so on to talk about one of the endangered animals.
新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 2 Wildlife Protection-Listening and Speaking教案
This lesson is about wildlife protection. The listening and speaking is about “How to protect endangered wildlife ?” Faced with the facts and numbers of wildlife loss, people begin to detect the reasons, then people such as the celebrities (Prince William and Yao Ming) are calling on to protect them. So students are guided to enhance the awareness of protecting wildlife and try to take part in some volunteer activities of protecting wildlife.1. Predict the content by using visuals. 2. Learn to use the sentences such as “I’m concerned about.... But now they are in danger. I want to know the reasons/why./ What can we do to protect them ?3. Learn from the stars like Prince William and Yao Ming and enhance the awareness of protecting wildlife.4. Guide students to try to put forward the solutions to the problems of wildlife protection and then discuss them with partners and present the results of discussion.5. Master the pronunciation of stressed syllables.1. Learn from the stars like Prince William and Yao Ming and enhance the awareness of protecting wildlife.2. Guide students to try to put forward the solutions to the problems of wildlife protection and then discuss them with partners and present the results of discussion.3. Learn to use the sentences such as “I’m concerned about.... But now they are in danger. I want to know the reasons/why./ What can we do to protect them ?4. Master the pronunciation of stressed syllables.Part A Listening and Speaking--- How to save endangered wildlifeStep 1 Lead in1. Point at the pictures on P14 and ask Q1: What message do these posters share?
新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 2 Wildlife Protection-Reading For Writing教案一
1. 標題首先根據(jù)海報的特點、格式寫明標題。海報中往往把內(nèi)容作為大標題。例如: Save the earth, Save the birds。2. 正文部分不同的海報其正文部分的側(cè)重點不同。對于介紹性的海報, 首先要引出話題, 其次列出原因, 最后是總結(jié)。對于宣傳類的海報, 要寫明具體內(nèi)容, 如: 活動內(nèi)容, 地點以及參加活動的注意事項, 主持或舉辦單位等。1. 圖片: 要選擇引人注目的圖片, 與主題要相關(guān), 色彩明亮。話題句式 1. It is a treasure of our country. 它是我國的國寶。2. Believe it or not, at present only several thousand pandas exist in the world. 信不信由你, 目前世界上僅現(xiàn)存幾千只熊貓。 3.It’s because of human activities that tigers are endangered. 正是因為人類的活動, 老虎處于瀕危的狀態(tài)。4. Many wild animals are in danger of dying out. 很多野生動物面臨著滅絕的危險。 5. The government has taken effective measures to protect them. 政府已采取有效的措施來保護它們。6. People should raise the awareness of the protection of wild animals. 人們應(yīng)該提高保護野生動物的意識。 7. It’s amazing that there are merely less than 1, 000 finless porpoises living in China. 非常令人吃驚, 目前中國僅有不足1 000只江豚。
新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 2 Wildlife Protection-Reading and Thinking教案二
The theme of this unit is human and nature, focusing on the theme of wildlife protection. Nature is a complex ecosystem, in which there are delicate balance between animals and plants. Because of the role of the food chain, the extinction of one species will produce influence, causing a series of chain reaction. Large scale extinction of species will have a serious and even irreversible impact on the ecosystem, resulting in immeasurable losses. Therefore, it is of great significance to protect wild species. To protect wild species is to protect human beings themselves. The motto of this unit is "when the buying stops, the killing can too,” which is a public service advertising slogan to protect wildlife. It tells people that every rhinoceros horn, every fur, every bowl of shark fin soup, every Ivory product, and every tiger bone product, etc. consumed by human beings, are innocent wild animals slaughtered behind them. The mission of wild aid is to ban illegal trade in endangered wildlife and mitigate climate change. It aims to educate the public to reduce the consumption demand for endangered wildlife products through public publicity and improve the awareness of environmental protection.1. Improve the awareness of wildlife protection by acquiring the knowledge of wildlife protection.2. Focus on environmental protection and protection of all lives.3. Analysis of the living environment of wild animals with appropriate thinking mode.4. Skillfully use the vocabulary and grammar knowledge of this unit to cultivate self-study ability according to the unit content5. Develop cooperative learning ability through discussion and other ways1. Enable the Ss to talk about the current situation of wild animals.2. Guide the Ss to summarize the main idea of each paragraph as well as the main idea of the text.
人教版高中語文必修1《別了，“不列顛尼亞”》教案
（“節(jié)馬”：１８４１年１月７日，英國侵略者義律進攻虎門，沙田炮臺副將陳連升率眾浴血奮戰(zhàn)，壯烈犧牲。其馬“神駿”守護主人遺體，不屈敵之羈絆，不食敵之草料，不畏敵之鞭打刀刺，終不就范?！白驽驯蕖保鹤驽?，東晉名將，著名愛國將領(lǐng)，曾率軍北伐，收復(fù)許多失地。此句大意為若要揚眉吐氣，意氣風(fēng)發(fā)，仍需祖逖的這種精神。）八、本文反映的就是香港回歸這一重大歷史事件本文是一篇新聞特寫。特寫性消息，也稱新聞速寫、新聞素描，要求用類似電影“特寫鏡頭”的手法來反映事實，是作者深入新聞事件現(xiàn)場，采寫制作的一種新聞價值高、現(xiàn)場感較強、篇幅短小精粹的消息文體。特寫性消息側(cè)重于“再現(xiàn)”，往往采用文學(xué)手法，集中、突出地描述某一重大事件的發(fā)生現(xiàn)場，或某些重要和精彩的場面，生動、形象地將所報道的事實再現(xiàn)在讀者面前。
人教版高中政治必修1社會主義市場經(jīng)濟教案
教師總結(jié)：社會主義市場經(jīng)濟是使市場在國家宏觀調(diào)控下起基礎(chǔ)性配置作用的經(jīng)濟，充分發(fā)揮市場基礎(chǔ)性調(diào)節(jié)作用，就必須主要靠經(jīng)濟手段、法律手段，而不是行政手段。（三）課堂總結(jié)、點評這節(jié)課我們重點學(xué)習(xí)了社會主義市場經(jīng)濟的有關(guān)知識，知道了社會主義市場經(jīng)濟的基本特征，以及國家宏觀調(diào)控的含義、目標和主要手段。這對于我們在經(jīng)濟生活中正確地認識我國市場經(jīng)濟的性質(zhì)和作用，理解國家宏觀調(diào)控的措施及意義，增強社會主義優(yōu)越感和民族自強意識，自覺投身現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)等將有重大指導(dǎo)作用?！镎n余作業(yè) 討論：聯(lián)系經(jīng)濟生活中國家宏觀調(diào)控的實例，討論應(yīng)如何認識和理解國家各種宏觀調(diào)控手段的綜合運用，對國民經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的意義?！锝虒W(xué)體會 本節(jié)內(nèi)容與學(xué)生生活實際聯(lián)系密切，在學(xué)習(xí)中應(yīng)該多引入日常生產(chǎn)、生活中常見的一些宏觀調(diào)控實例，讓學(xué)生去深刻理解、把握宏觀調(diào)控手段及其作用。
新人教版高中英語必修1Unit 4 Natural Disasters-Reading & Thinking教案
5. Read to get detailed information about Paragraph 5.Q1. What shows the revival of Tangshan?Q2. How can Tangshan revive itself and get up on its feet again?Q3. In times of disasters, how can we go through it?T: In times of disasters, we should unify, show the wisdom and stay positive.Step 4 Activity 4 Highlighting the theme and reflecting1. Make a summary of the text.2. Further understand the titleQ: After our learning, why do you think the earth didn’t sleep on that night?T: An earthquake happened. The people in the earthquake suffered a lot, and the people outside Tangshan were concerned about the people there a lot.3. Reflect through discussion on what can be learnt after reading.T: Disasters are powerful. Unpreparedness can be deadly. Life is weak, but if people work together to help each other, disasters can be defeated.There is no love from disaster, but we have love in the human heart.Step 5 Assignment How does the writer convey that the earthquake was deadly, and that people were helpless during the earthquake? Try to find some attractive and impressive expressions and note them down.
人教版高中地理必修1氣壓帶和風(fēng)帶教案
知識和技能 1、指導(dǎo)學(xué)生繪制氣壓帶和風(fēng)帶分布示意圖，從中分析大氣運動的規(guī)律性，并培養(yǎng)和提高學(xué)生繪制原理形成示意圖的地理技能。2、運用海陸熱力差異原理進行解釋，加強學(xué) 生對半球冬夏季氣壓中心的形成和分布的理解解。3、使學(xué)生理解氣壓帶和風(fēng)帶對氣候的影響。過程與方法 1、通過三圈環(huán)流模擬演示，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的空間思維能力。2、通過對海陸分布對大氣環(huán)流影響的兩圖示的對比分析，讓學(xué)生讀圖思考氣壓帶、風(fēng)帶的分布規(guī)律和原因。3、利用成因分析法引導(dǎo)學(xué)生探究氣壓帶和風(fēng)帶對氣候的影響機制。情感、態(tài)度與價值觀1、培養(yǎng)學(xué)生辯證唯物主義觀。2、培養(yǎng)學(xué)生理論聯(lián)系實際的能力。教學(xué)重點1、氣壓帶和風(fēng)帶的分布。2、北半球氣壓中心冬夏分布及對氣候的影響。3、氣壓帶和風(fēng)帶對氣候的影響。
人教版高中語文必修1《燭之武退秦師》教案
四、講讀第一段（10分鐘）1．抽生朗讀本段，注意生字詞讀音。2．講析本段譯釋由學(xué)生完成，師只作扼要補糾和簡要分析。分析內(nèi)容包括伏筆手法和語句深意，全段作用。3．讓學(xué)生齊讀全段。4．處理練習(xí)一之中的第1小題，要求學(xué)生試譯回答，然后指導(dǎo)學(xué)生背誦本段。五、講讀第二段（15分鐘）1．抽生朗讀本段，注意生字詞讀音。2．講析本段①重點講析三個文言詞“若”、“之”、“辭”的用法和人物對話。②字詞句的理解仍然注意發(fā)揮學(xué)生的能動性，讓他們完成為主，師糾補為輔。對要求掌握的三個文言詞的用法要板書列于黑板上，對話部分要讓學(xué)生試作語氣練習(xí)。③小結(jié)的內(nèi)容包括情節(jié)的曲折性、寫法的詳略和表達的特點。3．生齊讀本段，然后處理相關(guān)練習(xí)。
人教版高中語文必修1《鴻門宴》教案
劉邦：先看劉邦對項伯的表白（此話也是有意讓項伯轉(zhuǎn)述給項羽聽的）：“秋毫不敢有所近”——說“不敢”而不說“不曾”，多么恭順！“籍吏民，封府庫，而待將軍”——“待”，多么虔誠！“日夜望將軍至”——說“望”而不說“等”，多么迫切！再看劉邦的卑詞“謝罪”：他言必稱“將軍”，說自己與項羽“戮力而攻秦”，是戰(zhàn)友而非敵人；將“先入關(guān)破秦”說成是不自意，以表自己的力量不如項羽；把“得復(fù)見將軍于此”當作是自己莫大的榮幸以滿足項羽的虛榮心；最后，他還把項羽的憤怒歸咎于“小人”的挑撥，為項羽推卸責(zé)任，及時給項羽一個臺階下。小結(jié)：項羽：沽名釣譽、輕敵自大、寡謀輕信、不善用人、剛愎自用、優(yōu)柔寡斷的一介武夫。劉邦：狡詐多謀、遇事果斷、臨危不懼、能屈能伸、善于用人。
人教版高中語文必修1《荊軻刺秦王》教案
教學(xué)目標：1、知識與能力：①了解荊軻刺秦王的歷史背景和過程，整體感知課文。②掌握文言文中重要的字、詞、句解釋，提高翻譯能力。③學(xué)會從人物的對話、動作、神態(tài)描寫入手，分析主要人物形象。2、情感與態(tài)度：正確看待荊軻刺秦王這一事件，學(xué)會歷史而辯證地評價人物。重點難點：評價歷史事件，分析人物形象。教學(xué)方法：朗讀法、提問法、討論法課時安排：三課時教學(xué)過程：第一課時一、導(dǎo)入：（課前展示雕塑照片）來到正定講課，我感到非常高興，一進縣城，就被這里濃郁的歷史文化氣息所感染。我們住在華陽假日酒店，外面正在興建文化廣場，剛才的照片就是在那里拍攝的。在此，我進一步了解到正定這座文化古城悠久的歷史淵源，這里有南越王趙佗，常勝將軍趙云，一代名家顏真卿等等，可謂物華天寶、人杰地靈。因此我相信我們正定中學(xué)的同學(xué)們一定都非常優(yōu)秀。這也讓我更深刻地體會到一個道理：語文的外延就是生活的外延。
人教版高中政治必修1財政收入與支出教案
（2）財政收支平衡是指當年財政收入等于支出，或收入大于支出略有節(jié)余，或支出大于收入略有赤字。（3）財政赤字是指當年財政支出大于財政收入的部分。赤字意味著要靠借債過日子，有可能導(dǎo)致社會總供給與總需求不平衡，引發(fā)通貨膨脹。必須把財政赤字控制在一定范圍之內(nèi)。教師活動：請同學(xué)們思考教材75頁虛框內(nèi)問題。學(xué)生活動：閱讀課本，認真思考，積極發(fā)言教師點評：發(fā)行國債可以增加財政收入，擴大政府投資，刺激消費需求，促進經(jīng)濟發(fā)展。但是國債發(fā)行規(guī)模過大，會增加政府還債負擔(dān)，不利于經(jīng)濟的長期穩(wěn)定發(fā)展。在經(jīng)濟生活中，國家可以通過調(diào)整財政收入支出控制經(jīng)濟運行。當經(jīng)濟增長緩慢時，采取積極的財政政策，增加經(jīng)濟建設(shè)支出，減少稅收，以刺激需求，拉動經(jīng)濟增長。反之，當經(jīng)濟發(fā)展過熱時，采取緊縮性財政政策，減少財政支出，增加稅收，以抑制社會需求，降低通貨膨脹率，給經(jīng)濟降溫。