(二)分析課文,理清思路第1、2段為第一部分,主要是敘事、寫景,先敘述集會的時間、地點,然后渲染出蘭亭優(yōu)美的自然環(huán)境。在這里足以“游目騁懷”“極視聽之娛”,可以自由地觀察、思考,滿足人們目視耳聞的需求。這里正是與會“暢敘幽情”、盡興盡歡的絕好處所。這些描寫都富有詩情畫意,作者的情感是輕松愉快的。第3、4段為第二部分,主要是抒情、議論,作者由美景妙時引發(fā)出樂與憂、生與死的感慨。他認為人生的快樂是有極限的,待快樂得到滿足時,就會感覺興味索然。往事轉(zhuǎn)眼間便成為歷史,人到了生命的盡頭就會死亡。作者由“一死生為虛誕,齊彭殤為妄作”的認識,產(chǎn)生了一種珍惜時間、眷戀生活、熱愛文明的思考。雖然文中的壽夭、生死不能自由決定,從而有些傷感,但作者仍然認識到盛衰、生死是必然的。人生無常,時不我待,故著文留傳后世,以承襲前人,啟示來者。
[教學反思]人教版高中語文必修二第三單元安排了《蘭亭集序》《赤壁賦》《游褒禪山記》三篇古代山水游記散文,它們借游賞之事,探索生命的意義、治學的道理。師者,所以傳道、授業(yè)、解惑也。高中的教材選用的都是歷史經(jīng)典名篇,每一篇都閃爍著儒道釋等百家光輝的思想。編者要老師傳道的意圖很明顯。即非如此,看著這些影響歷代、影響世界的如日月之耀眼光華的偉大思想就躺在我們的教科書里,又如何能不講呢?所以,我將本課的教學重難點擬定為:幫助學生建立積極的生死觀,掌握多角度看問題的正確的思想方法。當然,也讓學生領(lǐng)會了融寫景、抒情、說理于一爐的大家手法。整堂課各教學環(huán)節(jié),環(huán)環(huán)相扣,過渡自然,讀、思、議、寫訓練到位,而且全部圍繞“生死觀”展開,如一篇形散神不散的散文。
【點津】 1.不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作目的狀語 ,當不定式或不定式短語有自己的執(zhí)行者時,要用不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)?即在不定式或不定式短語之前加 for +名詞或賓格代詞?作狀語。He opened the door for the children to come in. 他開門讓孩子們進來。目的狀語從句與不定式的轉(zhuǎn)換 英語中的目的狀語從句,還可以變?yōu)椴欢ㄊ交虿欢ㄊ蕉陶Z作狀語,從而使句子在結(jié)構(gòu)上得以簡化??煞譃閮煞N情況: 1?當目的狀語從句中的主語與主句中的主語相同時,可以直接簡化為不定式或不定式短語作狀語。We'll start early in order that/so that we may arrive in time. →We'll start early in order to/so as to arrive in time. 2?當目的狀語從句中的主語與主句中的主語不相同時,要用動詞不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語。I came early in order that you might read my report before the meeting. →I came early in order for you to read my report before the meeting.
【設(shè)計思路】新課程十分強調(diào)科學探究在科學課程中的作用,應(yīng)該說科學探究是這次課程改革的核心。我覺得:科學探究不一定是要讓學生純粹地通過實驗進行探究,應(yīng)該說科學探究是一種科學精神,學生只要通過自己的探索和體驗,變未知為已知,這樣的教學活動也是科學探究。本節(jié)課是概念教學課,讓學生純粹地通過實驗進行探究是不太合適的。但通過學生自己的探索和體驗,變未知為已知還比較合適。本節(jié)課的設(shè)計就是基于這樣的出發(fā)點,在引出加速度的概念時低臺階,步步深入,充分激活學生的思維,是學生思維上的探究。通過復(fù)習前邊速度時間圖像,從而得到從圖像上得到加速度的方法,為加深加速度概念和相關(guān)知識的理解有配套了相應(yīng)練習題目,做到強化練習的目的?!窘虒W目標】知識與技能1.理解加速度的意義,知道加速度是表示速度變化快慢的物理量.知道它的定義、公式、符號和單位,能用公式a=△v/△t進行定量計算.2.知道加速度與速度的區(qū)別和聯(lián)系,會根據(jù)加速度與速度的方向關(guān)系判斷物體是加速運動還是減速運動.3.能從勻變速直線運動的v—t圖象理解加速度的意義.
三、作出速度-時間圖像(v-t圖像)1、確定運動規(guī)律最好辦法是作v-t圖像,這樣能更好地顯現(xiàn)物體的運動規(guī)律。2、x y x1 x2 y2 y1 0討論如何在本次實驗中描點、連線。(以時間t為橫軸,速度v為縱軸,建立坐標系,選擇合適的標度,把剛才所填表格中的各點在速度-時間坐標系中描出。注意觀察和思考你所描畫的這些點的分布規(guī)律,你會發(fā)現(xiàn)這些點大致落在同一條直線上,所以不能用折線連接,而用一根直線連接,還要注意連線兩側(cè)的點數(shù)要大致相同。)3、若出現(xiàn)了個別明顯偏離絕大部分點所在直線的點,該如何處理?(對于個別明顯偏離絕大部分點所在直線的點,我們可以認為是測量誤差過大、是測量中出現(xiàn)差錯所致,將它視為無效點,但是在圖像當中仍應(yīng)該保留,因為我們要尊重實驗事實,這畢竟是我們的第一手資料,是原始數(shù)據(jù)。)4、怎樣根據(jù)所畫的v-t圖像求加速度?(從所畫的圖像中取兩個點,找到它們的縱、橫坐標(t1,v1)、(t2,v2),然后代入公式,求得加速度,也就是直線的斜率。在平面直角坐標系中,直線的斜率
【設(shè)計思路】新課程十分強調(diào)科學探究在科學課程中的作用,應(yīng)該說科學探究是這次課程改革的核心。我覺得:科學探究不一定是要讓學生純粹地通過實驗進行探究,應(yīng)該說科學探究是一種科學精神,學生只要通過自己的探索和體驗,變未知為已知,這樣的教學活動也是科學探究。本節(jié)課是概念教學課,讓學生純粹地通過實驗進行探究是不太合適的。但通過學生自己的探索和體驗,變未知為已知還比較合適。本節(jié)課的設(shè)計就是基于這樣的出發(fā)點,在引出加速度的概念時低臺階,步步深入,充分激活學生的思維,是學生思維上的探究。通過復(fù)習前邊速度時間圖像,從而得到從圖像上得到加速度的方法,為加深加速度概念和相關(guān)知識的理解有配套了相應(yīng)練習題目,做到強化練習的目的?!窘虒W目標】知識與技能1.理解加速度的意義,知道加速度是表示速度變化快慢的物理量.知道它的定義、公式、符號和單位,能用公式a=△v/△t進行定量計算.2.知道加速度與速度的區(qū)別和聯(lián)系,會根據(jù)加速度與速度的方向關(guān)系判斷物體是加速運動還是減速運動.
3、若出現(xiàn)了個別明顯偏離絕大部分點所在直線的點,該如何處理?(對于個別明顯偏離絕大部分點所在直線的點,我們可以認為是測量誤差過大、是測量中出現(xiàn)差錯所致,將它視為無效點,但是在圖像當中仍應(yīng)該保留,因為我們要尊重實驗事實,這畢竟是我們的第一手資料,是原始數(shù)據(jù)。)4、怎樣根據(jù)所畫的v-t圖像求加速度?(從所畫的圖像中取兩個點,找到它們的縱、橫坐標(t1,v1)、(t2,v2),然后代入公式,求得加速度,也就是直線的斜率。在平面直角坐標系中,直線的斜率四、實踐與拓展例1、在探究小車速度隨時間變化規(guī)律的實驗中,得到一條記錄小車運動情況的紙帶,如圖所示。圖中A、B、C、D、E為相鄰的計數(shù)點,相鄰計數(shù)點的時間間隔為T=0.1s。⑴根據(jù)紙帶上的數(shù)據(jù),計算B、C、D各點的數(shù)據(jù),填入表中。
1.從監(jiān)測的范圍、速度,人力和財力的投入等方面看,遙感具有哪些特點?點撥:范圍更廣、速度更快、需要人力更少 、財力投入少。2.有人說:遙感是人的視力的延伸。你同意這種看法嗎?點撥:同意。可以從遙感的定義分析。從某種意義上說,人們“看”的過程就是在遙感,眼睛相當于傳感器。課堂小結(jié):遙感技術(shù)是國土整治和區(qū)域發(fā)展研究中應(yīng)用較廣的技術(shù) 手段之一,我國在這個領(lǐng)域已經(jīng)走在了世界的前列。我國的大部分土地已經(jīng)獲得了大比例尺的航空影像資料,成功發(fā)射了回收式國土資源衛(wèi)星,自行研制發(fā)射了“風云”衛(wèi)星。遙感技術(shù)為我國自然資源開發(fā)與利用提供 了大量的有用的資料,在我國農(nóng)業(yè)估產(chǎn)、災(zāi)害監(jiān)測 、礦產(chǎn)勘察、土地利用、環(huán)境管理與城鄉(xiāng)規(guī)劃中起到了非常重要的作用。板書設(shè)計§1.2地理信息技術(shù)在區(qū)域地理環(huán)境研究中的應(yīng)用
(4)假如你是110指揮中心的調(diào)度員,描述在接到報警電話到指揮警車前往出事地點的工作程序。點撥:接警→確認出事地點的位置→(在顯示各巡警車的地理信息系統(tǒng)中)了解其周圍巡警車的位置→分析確定最近(或能最快到達)的巡警車→通知該巡警車。(5)由此例推想,地理信息技術(shù)還可以應(yīng)用于城市管理的哪些部門中?點撥:城市交通組織和管理、商業(yè)組織和管理、城市規(guī)劃、衛(wèi)生救護、物流等部門,都可利用地理信息技術(shù)?!菊n堂小結(jié)】現(xiàn)代地理學中,3S技術(shù)學科的發(fā)展與應(yīng)用,日益成為地理學前沿科學研究的重要領(lǐng)域,并成為地理學服務(wù)于社會生產(chǎn)的主要途徑,現(xiàn)在3S技術(shù)已經(jīng)廣泛應(yīng)用于社會的各個領(lǐng)域。它們?nèi)呒扔蟹止び钟新?lián)系。遙感技術(shù)主要用于地理信息數(shù)據(jù)的獲取,全球定位系統(tǒng)主要用于地理信息的空間定位,地理信息系統(tǒng)主要用來對地理信息數(shù)據(jù)的管理、更新、分析等。
(4)Finally, I will ask the SS what this sentence mean:It is always calm before a storm.Purpose: attract the SS attention and bring them into discussionStep 2: Pre-reading 讀前Here, I will do the second question in pre-reading first. I will use the method of brainstorming to ask the SS what will happen before an earthquake; and list the phenomenon on the table. 2. Then I will show the SS the picture of abnormal phenomenon, at the same time, encourage the SS to describe.3、finally, I will summarize these phenomenon4、Do the first question in the pre-reading , Imaging your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away. You have time to take only one thing. What will you take? Why?Purpose: help the SS to get further understanding of the topic and stimulate their interests.Step3: While-reading 閱讀(1). Skimming Read the text quickly and catch the meaning of the first and second sentence of each paragraph. Predict the meaning of new words(2).scanning(找讀)A. Read the text again. Do the following question.1. When and where were the strange things happening?2. What are they?3. Why did the text say the world seemed to be at an end?4. How was the city destroyed after the quake?5. When did the second quake hit the city? What was the result of that?6. Who came to help Tangshan first? And how?B. Work in pairs to discuss the question.
“創(chuàng)意無限,匠心支撐”。當下,創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)大潮涌動,“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+”頗受青睞,大批創(chuàng)客投身其中。這里頭有腳踏實地的深耕者,但也有不少一天到晚想著如何造噱頭、拉投資,幻想借互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的東風,“抄一把就走”之人。與此相應(yīng),很多產(chǎn)品往往火了一把便再無蹤跡。如此“創(chuàng)”法,除了攪出些過時即破的泡沫,難言價值。創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)不應(yīng)成為浮躁的代名詞,那些真正成功的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)神話締造者,遠非鼓吹概念、販賣情懷這么簡單。很多大佬正是以其對細節(jié)近乎嚴苛的追求向大家證明,只有“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+工匠精神”,才能出優(yōu)質(zhì)產(chǎn)品。
本章是第三章第一節(jié)的開端,學生在第二節(jié)已經(jīng)學習了元素的組成和一些生物大分子,本節(jié)課內(nèi)容是學會使用顯微鏡,這是生物學習過程中最為重要的一種手段之一。對于今后的實驗學習有著極其重要的作用。 學生中大部分同學在初中階段都有接觸過光學顯微鏡,所以在學習理論知識的時候能夠順利的進行,但因為學校的條件有限,不能保證同學們進行顯微鏡的實驗,本節(jié)課結(jié)合學生情況和實際情況,采用圖片和模型展示的方法進行。 知識與能力 1、概述細胞學說建立的過程。 2、概述細胞學說的內(nèi)容和意義。 3、學習制作臨時玻片標本,使用顯微鏡和繪圖的能。
Activity 81.Grasp the main idea of the listening.Listen to the tape and answer the following questions:Who are the two speakers in the listening? What is their relationship?What is the main idea of the first part of the listening? How about the second part?2.Complete the passage.Ask the students to quickly review the summaries of the two listening materials in activity 2. Then play the recording for the second time.Ask them to complete the passage and fill in the blanks.3.Play the recording again and ask the students to use the structure diagram to comb the information structure in the listening.(While listening, take notes. Capture key information quickly and accurately.)Step 8 Talking Activity 91.Focus on the listening text.Listen to the students and listen to the tape. Let them understand the attitudes of Wu Yue and Justin in the conversation.How does Wu Yue feel about Chinese minority cultures?What does Justin think of the Miao and Dong cultures?How do you know that?2.learn functional items that express concerns.Ask students to focus on the expressions listed in activity. 3.And try to analyze the meaning they convey, including praise (Super!).Agree (Exactly!)"(You're kidding.!)Tell me more about it. Tell me more about it.For example, "Yeah Sure." "Definitely!" "Certainly!" "No kidding!" "No wonder!" and so on.4.Ask the students to have conversations in small groups, acting as Jsim and his friends.Justin shares his travels in Guizhou with friends and his thoughts;Justin's friends should give appropriate feedback, express their interest in relevant information, and ask for information when necessary.In order to enrich the dialogue, teachers can expand and supplement the introduction of Miao, dong, Lusheng and Dong Dage.After the group practice, the teacher can choose several groups of students to show, and let the rest of the students listen carefully, after listening to the best performance of the group, and give at least two reasons.
The price is the same as(the price was)before the war.價格與戰(zhàn)前相同。(4)定語從句中的“關(guān)系代詞+助動詞be”可以省略。The ticket(that/which was)booked by his sister has been sent to him.他妹妹訂的那張票已送到了他那里。Step 5 PracticeActivity 3(1) Guide students to complete the four activities in the Using Structures part of exercise book, in which activities 1 and 2 focus on ellipsis in dialogue answers, activity 3 focus on signs and headlines, two typical situations where ellipsis is used, and activity 4 focus on ellipsis in diary, an informal style.(2) Combine the examples in the above activities, ask students to summarize the omitted situations in groups, and make their own summary into a poster, and post it on the class wall after class to share with the class.(This step should give full play to the subjectivity of students, and teachers should encourage students to conclude different ellipsis phenomena according to their own understanding, they can conclude according to the different parts omitted in the sentence.)Step 6 Homework1. Understand and master the usages of ellipsis;2. Finish the other exercises in Using structures of Workbook.1、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學習,學生是否理解和掌握省略的用法;2、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學習,學生能否根據(jù)上下文語境或情景恢復(fù)句子中省略的成分,體會使用省略的效果;3、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學習,學生能否獨立完成練習冊和導(dǎo)學案中的相關(guān)練習。
(2)Consolidate key vocabulary.Ask the students to complete the exercises of activity 6 by themselves. Then ask them to check the answers with their partners.(The first language:Damage of the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and fire.A second language: Yunnan - one of the most diverse provinces in China).Step 5 Language points1. The teacher asks the students to read the text carefully, find out the more words and long and difficult sentences in the text and draw lines, understand the use of vocabulary, and analyze the structure of long and difficult sentences.2. The teacher explains and summarizes the usage of core vocabulary and asks the students to take notes.3. The teacher analyzes and explains the long and difficult sentences that the students don't understand, so that the students can understand them better.Step 6 Homework1. Read the text again, in-depth understanding of the text;2. Master the use of core vocabulary and understand the long and difficult sentences.3. Complete relevant exercises in the guide plan.1、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學習,學生是否理解和掌握閱讀文本中的新詞匯的意義與用法;2、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學習,學生能否結(jié)合文本特點了解文章的結(jié)構(gòu)和作者的寫作邏輯;3、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學習,學生能否了解舊金山的城市風貌、文化特色,以及加利福尼亞州的歷史,體會多元文化對美國的影響。
該板塊的活動主題是“介紹一個有顯著文化特征的地方”( Describe a place with distinctive cultural identity)。該板塊通過介紹中國城繼續(xù)聚焦中國文化。本單元主題圖呈現(xiàn)的是舊金山中國城的典型景象, Reading and Thinking部分也提到中國城,為該板塊作鋪墊。介紹中國城的目的主要是體現(xiàn)中國文化與美國多元文化的關(guān)系,它是美國多元文化的重要組成部分。中國城也是海外華人的精神家園和傳播中國文化的重要窗口,外國人在中國城能近距離體驗中國文化。1. Read the text to understand the cultural characteristics of Chinatown in San Francisco and the relationship between Chinese culture and American multiculturalism;2. Through reading, learn to comb the main information of the article, understand the author's writing purpose and writing characteristics;3. Learn to give a comprehensive, accurate, and organized description of the city or town you live in;Learn to revise and evaluate your writing.Importance:1. Guide the students to read the introduction of Chinatown in San Francisco and grasp its writing characteristics;2. Guide students to introduce their city or town in a comprehensive, accurate and organized way;3. Learn to comb the main information of the article, understand the author's writing purpose, and master the core vocabulary.
Teaching plan for Unit 1 book3Good morning, teachers. It’s my great pleasure to be here because I can share my lesson with you and I can learn a lot from it. I’ll begin my lesson from the following four parts, the teaching material, the teaching methods, the studying methods and the teaching procedure.Firstly, let me talk about the teaching material. The content of my lesson is the reading passage festivals and celebrations of Unit 1 Festivals around the world. This passage is about festivals and celebrations. By studying this passage, we’ll enable the students to know that festivals exit everywhere, and many of festivals in different countries celebrate similar ideas. As we all know, the reading passage is the center of each unit. If the Ss can learn it well, it will be helpful to make the Ss learn the rest of this unit.After studying the teaching material, I think the teaching aims are as the followings:1. Knowledge aims:(1) The Ss can master the usage of the important words andexpressions.(2)The Ss can use the __________________ (grammar) in the proper situation.Make students know about the festivals all over the world and the detail of the festivals, such as origin, content, and the date of the holiday festivals.2. Ability aims:(1) Students can talk about festivals and celebrations in English(2) To improve the student’s reading ability, especially their skimming and scanning ability.3. Emotion aims:Make the Ss know about the foreign festivals, and respect other countries’ custom.Next, let’s come to the important points and the difficult points.The important point is how to make the Ss understand the text better and the difficult point is how can they talk about it. secondly, Teaching Methods:1. task-based Language Teaching2. Computer assisted language teaching.3. question-and–answer methodThirdly, Studying Methods:
陸王心學與程朱理學相比有何異同?生 不同點:在理的內(nèi)涵上不同,程朱理學認為“理”是貫通于宇宙、人倫的客觀存在,是一種普遍的規(guī)律準則;陸王心學認為心即理,是“良知”,認為人心便是世界萬物的本原。方法上也有不同:前者向外追究,“格物致知”;后者向內(nèi)探求,“發(fā)明本心”以求理,克服私欲、回復(fù)良知。生 相同點:都提出了一個宇宙、社會、人生遵循的“理”。師 對。程朱理學是客觀唯心主義,陽明心學是主觀唯心主義。這兩者的分歧是理學范圍內(nèi)的分歧,其基本思想是一致的。師 宋明理學與漢唐以前的儒學比較,最大的特點在于批判地吸收了佛教哲學的思辨結(jié)構(gòu)和道教的宇宙生成論,將儒家的倫理學說概括升華為哲學基本問題。其實質(zhì)是把佛、道“養(yǎng)性”“修身”引向儒家的“齊家”“治國”“平天下”,對儒家的綱常道德給予哲學論證,使之神圣化、絕對化、普遍化,以便深入人心,做到人人遵而行之。
在接下來的細讀環(huán)節(jié),我套用了高考對閱讀理解的考查方式設(shè)置了5個問題,分別為三個推理判斷題,一個細節(jié)題和一個主旨大意題。學生需要對文章的內(nèi)容進行分析、歸納、推理、猜測等高級思維活動才能做出正確的回答?!驹O(shè)計意圖】這一過程是對學生進行細讀的訓練,培養(yǎng)學生獲取特定信息和挖掘文章深層次信息的能力。第三環(huán)節(jié):Intensive-reading (精讀) 15′第三個環(huán)節(jié)精讀,既是最重要的環(huán)節(jié),也是突破本課重難點的關(guān)鍵。首先,讓學生思考劇本中人物看到百萬英鎊前后的態(tài)度發(fā)生了怎樣的變化。其次,讓學生仔細閱讀文章,找出可以表現(xiàn)人物態(tài)度變化的具體的語言和動作。最后,讓學生總結(jié)人物的態(tài)度發(fā)生變化的根本原因是什么,從而引出Money Talks, 供學生思考。【設(shè)計意圖】通過一系列的活動培養(yǎng)學生學習從人物的語言和動作探究人物的心理,使學生進一步體會戲劇語言的魅力,從而對文章背后所反映的社會問題進行思考,也為下一步的討論環(huán)節(jié)做好鋪墊。
Step 2 Pre-listeningAfter students finish their discussion, I will show a picture of Newton and ask them: Who is him? What is he famous for? Could you find out some words to describe him? Maybe students will answer that he is genius for his finding of theGravitation, making a great contribution to the progress of human being. At that time I will show another two pictures of Einstein and Hawking, letting students guess who they are and write down their idea about the Gravitation. For I have arranged them to search more information about the gravity before this class, Students have beenfamiliar with the topic and will not be afraid about this abstract conception, which is helpful for their listening.Step 3 While-listeningIn this step, students will be required to listen the material for three times. The first and listening is extensive listening and the second and third listening is intensive listening. In the first time, They are required to listen a material including Part 1 and Part 2 and choose the best summary of the listening text. After they choose the right answer, They also need work in group to explain what is wrong with the others. Then I will make a conclusion that we should pay attention to the first paragraph and last paragraph and some keys to get the main idea. By doing this, their capacity of generalization will have a great improvement.Before the second listening, I will ask students to scan the blank on the power point quickly and ask them to note down some key words .Then ask them to listen to the Part 1again and fill the first column of the chart. Maybe some students just show the ideas of these three scientists an still can’t catch their development of gravity. Therefore, I will ask them to listen to Part 2 again and fill in the rest. After finish the listening, I will give them ten minutes to discuss with their partner. I will also guidethem to improve their answers when they discuss with others.