“深入探究,把握主旨”這一步則是解決教學(xué)的重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn),這里涉及到課文的深層意蘊(yùn),學(xué)生理解有難度,教師在通過問題引領(lǐng)學(xué)生探討的基礎(chǔ)上,還要適時(shí)啟發(fā)、點(diǎn)撥,因?yàn)榻虒W(xué)時(shí)間有限,讓學(xué)生漫無邊際的討論,可能難以完成預(yù)定的教學(xué)任務(wù),會(huì)使教學(xué)過程不完整。至于本文的寫作特點(diǎn)的教學(xué)視時(shí)間而定,有時(shí)間可以讓學(xué)生說一說,沒有時(shí)間用小黑板出示一下,讓學(xué)生了解就行,如果時(shí)間不夠,甚至可以不講。第三階段是“延伸練習(xí),鞏固提高”。
三、文本中的句子解決完畢,大家對(duì)文本內(nèi)容的理解更加深入了。請(qǐng)速度文本,思考:《論語》具體涉及了哪些方面的內(nèi)容,體現(xiàn)了孔子什么觀點(diǎn)?明確:主要有治學(xué)、從政、修身養(yǎng)性和交友治道等方面,體現(xiàn)了孔子“克己復(fù)禮”的思想。四、 教師引導(dǎo)學(xué)生討論: 如何評(píng)價(jià)孔子的言行和觀點(diǎn)?從古至今人們對(duì)孔子有哪些評(píng)價(jià)?明確:1、春秋戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)代, 孔子門人及其后學(xué)者均推尊孔子。門人中以子貢為代表,他對(duì)孔子贊美備至,奉如天人,把孔子比擬為高天、日月、木鐸,凡人是永遠(yuǎn)不可企及的,認(rèn)為孔子是天生的圣人,“仰之彌高,鉆之彌堅(jiān)”。亞圣孟子認(rèn)為孔子所行的“圣人之道”是遍及自然界和社會(huì)的至高準(zhǔn)則。然而當(dāng)時(shí)民間一般看法認(rèn)為孔子是博學(xué)成名的大學(xué)者。
探究、討論、交流:1、包弟討人喜歡,作者卻不得不將它送走,為什么?2、送走包弟后,作者為什么先是感覺輕松,隨后覺得沉重?3、“您的小狗怎樣?”這句話反復(fù)出現(xiàn),有什么用意?4、“整整十三年零五個(gè)月過去了”“整整”一詞有什么作用?5、“滿園的創(chuàng)傷使我的心仿佛又給放在油鍋里熬煎”這句話如何理解?6、“我懷念包弟,我想向它表示歉意?!比绾卫斫??學(xué)生各抒己見后教師結(jié)合材料發(fā)表看法明確總結(jié)特別是最后一個(gè)問題得出作者這發(fā)之心底的語言,不僅僅是歉意,更是發(fā)自靈魂深處的懺悔!是對(duì)生命的尊重,是一個(gè)有良知的作家對(duì)反省歷史的呼號(hào)。第三環(huán)節(jié)“認(rèn)識(shí)你自己”——懺悔意識(shí)與我引導(dǎo)學(xué)生正視和反省成長(zhǎng)過程中曾犯下過錯(cuò)。并布置課后作業(yè):要求學(xué)生課后在本周隨筆中談反省懺悔后的感受。
4、本文的重點(diǎn)是說辭,雖僅百余字,卻委婉曲折,步步進(jìn)逼,層層深入,表現(xiàn)出高超的勸說藝術(shù)、游說技巧。讓學(xué)生細(xì)細(xì)品味并概括說辭中包含幾層意思。第一層(“秦、晉圍鄭,鄭既知亡矣”),分析形勢(shì),以退為進(jìn),博得好感。第二層(“若亡鄭而有益于君”至“君之薄也”),亡鄭陪鄰,動(dòng)搖聯(lián)盟。第三層(“若舍鄭以為東道主”至“君亦無所害”),存鄭有益,利益引誘。第四層(“且君嘗為晉君賜矣”至“唯君圖之”),追溯歷史,深入離間??梢姞T之武面對(duì)大國(guó)的君主,巧舌如簧,不卑不亢,從容辭令,既不刺激對(duì)方也不失本國(guó)尊嚴(yán),語言的分寸掌握得恰到好處。表現(xiàn)出燭之武機(jī)智善辯的外交才能。5、面對(duì)風(fēng)云突變的局勢(shì),晉侯沒有感情用事,而表現(xiàn)了清醒的頭腦和理智的判斷。這種隱忍不發(fā)、隨機(jī)應(yīng)變的胸懷和謀略,正是晉文公終成霸業(yè)的根本原因。設(shè)計(jì)意圖:本環(huán)節(jié)的重點(diǎn)是全面把握燭之武這一人物性格特征,以及退秦師過程中體現(xiàn)出的非凡的膽識(shí)以及高超的謀略和語言藝術(shù)。
[教學(xué)反思]人教版高中語文必修二第三單元安排了《蘭亭集序》《赤壁賦》《游褒禪山記》三篇古代山水游記散文,它們借游賞之事,探索生命的意義、治學(xué)的道理。師者,所以傳道、授業(yè)、解惑也。高中的教材選用的都是歷史經(jīng)典名篇,每一篇都閃爍著儒道釋等百家光輝的思想。編者要老師傳道的意圖很明顯。即非如此,看著這些影響歷代、影響世界的如日月之耀眼光華的偉大思想就躺在我們的教科書里,又如何能不講呢?所以,我將本課的教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)擬定為:幫助學(xué)生建立積極的生死觀,掌握多角度看問題的正確的思想方法。當(dāng)然,也讓學(xué)生領(lǐng)會(huì)了融寫景、抒情、說理于一爐的大家手法。整堂課各教學(xué)環(huán)節(jié),環(huán)環(huán)相扣,過渡自然,讀、思、議、寫訓(xùn)練到位,而且全部圍繞“生死觀”展開,如一篇形散神不散的散文。
我以以《登高》為例,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生進(jìn)行意象分析,感悟意境美。古人云“立象以盡意”“古詩之妙,專求意象”意象是詩人情感的載體,是詩歌的靈魂。引導(dǎo)學(xué)生張開聯(lián)想和想象的翅膀去感受,去體驗(yàn)是意象,詩歌鑒賞的關(guān)鍵??屏治榈抡f“真正藝術(shù)的作品,不是看見的,也不是聽到的,而是想象中的某種東西?!痹娙送ㄟ^想象創(chuàng)造出詩的形象,我們讀者通過想象豐富地再現(xiàn)詩人創(chuàng)造的形象。而感受體驗(yàn)則是以全部身心投入作品,心靈與心靈相溝通,感情與感情相交流,對(duì)詩人的想象活動(dòng)進(jìn)行再經(jīng)歷和再體驗(yàn)。因此,在引導(dǎo)意象解讀中,我先讓學(xué)生點(diǎn)擊這一個(gè),就是通過抓修飾詞、依據(jù)感情基調(diào)、展開想象具體分析本詩中每個(gè)意象的情感意蘊(yùn)和審美意蘊(yùn),使學(xué)生明白意象在每首詩中的獨(dú)特性。
各位評(píng)委老師,大家好。我說課的題目是《祝?!?。一、說教材(一)教材所處的位置和地位高中語文新課程教材必修五本書,共有2個(gè)單元中外小說單元。一個(gè)必修3的第一單元,一個(gè)是必修5的第一單元,共六篇文章。(《林黛玉進(jìn)賈府》《祝?!贰独先伺c?!贰读纸填^風(fēng)雪山神廟》《裝在套子里的人》《邊城》)《祝福》是屬于前者。小說是擁有眾多讀者的一種文體,它可以多方面刻畫人物性格,描摹人物心理,完整地表現(xiàn)人物之間的沖突,還可以具體生動(dòng)地再現(xiàn)人物生活的環(huán)境,因此在反映復(fù)雜的社會(huì)生活方面具有獨(dú)特優(yōu)勢(shì)。所以學(xué)習(xí)小說這種文學(xué)樣式,也是有助于學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)鑒賞小說的基本方法,為將來的小說閱讀打下基礎(chǔ)。魯迅的《祝?!肥侵袊?guó)現(xiàn)代小說的精品,當(dāng)中的人物祥林嫂也是魯迅小說中與阿Q、孔乙己三個(gè)最為出名的人物之一。研讀好這篇文章,對(duì)將來小說的閱讀,小說中人物的理解,甚至小說的寫作都有深廣意義。
Step 2 Pre-listeningAfter students finish their discussion, I will show a picture of Newton and ask them: Who is him? What is he famous for? Could you find out some words to describe him? Maybe students will answer that he is genius for his finding of theGravitation, making a great contribution to the progress of human being. At that time I will show another two pictures of Einstein and Hawking, letting students guess who they are and write down their idea about the Gravitation. For I have arranged them to search more information about the gravity before this class, Students have beenfamiliar with the topic and will not be afraid about this abstract conception, which is helpful for their listening.Step 3 While-listeningIn this step, students will be required to listen the material for three times. The first and listening is extensive listening and the second and third listening is intensive listening. In the first time, They are required to listen a material including Part 1 and Part 2 and choose the best summary of the listening text. After they choose the right answer, They also need work in group to explain what is wrong with the others. Then I will make a conclusion that we should pay attention to the first paragraph and last paragraph and some keys to get the main idea. By doing this, their capacity of generalization will have a great improvement.Before the second listening, I will ask students to scan the blank on the power point quickly and ask them to note down some key words .Then ask them to listen to the Part 1again and fill the first column of the chart. Maybe some students just show the ideas of these three scientists an still can’t catch their development of gravity. Therefore, I will ask them to listen to Part 2 again and fill in the rest. After finish the listening, I will give them ten minutes to discuss with their partner. I will also guidethem to improve their answers when they discuss with others.
When it comes to the students’ studying methods, I'd like to introduce my Ss first. The Ss have a good command of basic language points. They’re interested in learning English, and they take an active part in English class, so they will have fun in autonomous, cooperative and inquiry learning. I will just serve as a guide, showing them the way to explore how to make more progress in their English learning.Now it’s time for the most important stage of this lesson. My teaching procedures are arranged as follows:Step1.Leading-in (3 minute)Play a video of a wide variety of wildlife to introduce my topic. Step2. Speaking (12 minutes)We will use our textbook Page25. Let the Ss fast read the short paragraph to warm up. Ask them to talk about the report on some endangered wildlife in China with the dialogue patterns on the screen. Lastly, I will invite some groups to demonstrate their dialogues about saving wildlife in China.Step3.English play (3 minutes)Watch another video in praise of their excellent performance just now. It’s about Jack Chen’s(成龍)and Yang Ziqiong’s wildlife protection.Step4. Listening (twice 13 minutes)This time, I’ll ask the Ss to fill in the blanks of the monologue of the 2 movie stars above. Step5.Discussion (3 minutes)Which would you like to choose to wear, clothes made of cotton, artificial leather or animal skins? Why ?Step6. Summary (3 minutes)1. If there were no wildlife, there wouldn’t exist human beings. If the buying stops, the killing can, too.2. Animals are our friends. To love animals is to love ourselves. Stop hunting, killing and destroying wildlife.3. Let’s live in harmony with all the living things in the world. Step7. Music appreciation (3 minutes)Let the Ss appreciate the song Earth Song by Michael Jackson. Last but not the least, I will show you my blackboard design.
Teaching plan for Unit 1 book3Good morning, teachers. It’s my great pleasure to be here because I can share my lesson with you and I can learn a lot from it. I’ll begin my lesson from the following four parts, the teaching material, the teaching methods, the studying methods and the teaching procedure.Firstly, let me talk about the teaching material. The content of my lesson is the reading passage festivals and celebrations of Unit 1 Festivals around the world. This passage is about festivals and celebrations. By studying this passage, we’ll enable the students to know that festivals exit everywhere, and many of festivals in different countries celebrate similar ideas. As we all know, the reading passage is the center of each unit. If the Ss can learn it well, it will be helpful to make the Ss learn the rest of this unit.After studying the teaching material, I think the teaching aims are as the followings:1. Knowledge aims:(1) The Ss can master the usage of the important words andexpressions.(2)The Ss can use the __________________ (grammar) in the proper situation.Make students know about the festivals all over the world and the detail of the festivals, such as origin, content, and the date of the holiday festivals.2. Ability aims:(1) Students can talk about festivals and celebrations in English(2) To improve the student’s reading ability, especially their skimming and scanning ability.3. Emotion aims:Make the Ss know about the foreign festivals, and respect other countries’ custom.Next, let’s come to the important points and the difficult points.The important point is how to make the Ss understand the text better and the difficult point is how can they talk about it. secondly, Teaching Methods:1. task-based Language Teaching2. Computer assisted language teaching.3. question-and–answer methodThirdly, Studying Methods:
In this class, I have 3 teaching aims, that is, knowledge aims, ability aims and emotion aims.1) Knowledge-Teach students new words and expressions, such as temporary, bleed,sprain choke, first aid, fall ill and so on.-Enable students to have a better understanding for some basic knowledge of first aid.2) Ability-Train students’ speaking, reading and writing abilities by different teaching activities, such as skimming, comprehending, team work, role play, retelling and writing.-Develop students’ reading strategy on how to move general idea to specific information.3) Emotion-Promote students’ awareness of giving first aid.- Cultivate students’ creativities.Then let’s come to my teaching methods and activities.III. Teaching methods and activities:To achieve different teaching aims, various kinds of teaching methods and activities will be adopted throughout this period, such as TBL (task-based learning), skimming, team work, brainstorm and others, which can offer students opportunities to fulfill tasks in which they can use language to achieve a specific outcome.IV. Teaching aids:Computer and blackboardV. Teaching important points:1) Make students have a clear mind for the structure of the text.2) Help students understand the theme of the text.VI. Teaching difficulties:1) So many new words may affect students’ understanding.2) How to get students to know about the functions of the skin and thecauses, characteristics and treatments for different degree burns,and the knowledge about giving first aid. VII. Blackboard design:
一、知識(shí)與能力:(1)了解中國(guó)古代不同時(shí)期的文學(xué)特色;(2)了解、詩,詞、歌、賦等各種不同的知識(shí)內(nèi)容和形式,知道和掌握一定數(shù)量的名家作品;(3)拓寬文化視野,提高賞析和運(yùn)用古代文學(xué)作品的能力。二、過程與方法:(1)通過教科書及教師提供的材料以及自己的日常積累,通過閱讀,討論,分析,評(píng)論了解各個(gè)不同時(shí)期的文學(xué)發(fā)展特色。(2)通過閱讀,觀察,練習(xí),欣賞,表演,評(píng)論,創(chuàng)作等方式積極參與教學(xué);通過獨(dú)立思考或合作學(xué)習(xí)對(duì)所學(xué)的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行比較,概括和闡釋;學(xué)會(huì)合作學(xué)習(xí)和相互交流。三、情感態(tài)度與價(jià)值觀:通過本課學(xué)習(xí),了解中國(guó)古代燦爛的文化。通過對(duì)文學(xué)家、詩人及其文學(xué)作品的分析,把學(xué)生帶進(jìn)文學(xué)藝術(shù)的殿堂,感受古人的呼吸,思想,情操。增強(qiáng)文化修養(yǎng)。
蘇聯(lián)文學(xué)的沿革,既反映了蘇聯(lián)社會(huì)的偉大思想性變革,又反映了蘇聯(lián)文壇活躍與混亂并存的局面,特別是其所具有強(qiáng)烈的意識(shí)形態(tài)色彩是蘇聯(lián)社會(huì)深層次變化的風(fēng)向標(biāo)。(2)20世紀(jì)的亞、非、拉美文學(xué)20世紀(jì)亞、非、拉美文學(xué)的繁榮伴隨著民族民主運(yùn)動(dòng)的高漲,其主流都體現(xiàn)了反對(duì)殖民壓迫、反對(duì)社會(huì)不公的愛國(guó)主義精神。出現(xiàn)了許多頗有影響的作家和作品。泰戈?duì)柺怯《冉F(xiàn)代文學(xué)的光輝代表,為印度現(xiàn)代民族主義奠定了基礎(chǔ)。其代表作《戈拉》塑造了愛國(guó)的印度民族主義知識(shí)分子形象。泰戈?duì)柺鞘孜猾@諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)的東方作家。魯迅是中國(guó)文學(xué)革命的巨匠,他的《吶喊》集,昭示著中國(guó)新文學(xué)時(shí)代的到來。哥倫比亞作家馬爾克斯的《百年孤獨(dú)》,描繪加勒比海沿岸小城百年孤獨(dú)的原因及打破這種狀態(tài)的途徑。
(三)教學(xué)重、難點(diǎn)1、教學(xué)重點(diǎn):結(jié)合課文,了解演講辭針對(duì)性強(qiáng)、條理清楚、通俗易懂、適當(dāng)?shù)母星樯实忍攸c(diǎn)。2、教學(xué)難點(diǎn):深入理解文章內(nèi)涵,聯(lián)系現(xiàn)實(shí),體會(huì)本文的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義二、說學(xué)情高中學(xué)生在初中階段已經(jīng)接觸過演講辭了,對(duì)演講詞的特點(diǎn)已經(jīng)有了一些基本的知識(shí),因此本輪的教學(xué)應(yīng)該讓他們?cè)诖嘶A(chǔ)上有所提高。本文是學(xué)生在高中階段第一次接觸演講辭,有必要讓他們了解演講辭的特點(diǎn)及課文如何體現(xiàn)這些特點(diǎn)的。隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng),生活閱歷的增加,高中學(xué)生正逐漸形成自己對(duì)世界、對(duì)人生的看法,蔡元培先生的這篇文章能很好地激發(fā)他們對(duì)當(dāng)前的高中學(xué)習(xí)和未來的大學(xué)生活進(jìn)行思考。此外,學(xué)生對(duì)北大的歷史及蔡元培先生作這番演講的時(shí)代背景了解不深,應(yīng)作出補(bǔ)充說明。
1.促使美國(guó)成為一個(gè)移民國(guó)家的因素是:①美洲屬于未開發(fā)的新大陸,需要大量的勞動(dòng)力;②歐洲失業(yè)工人和破產(chǎn)農(nóng)民增加,人們?yōu)榱俗非蟾玫慕?jīng)濟(jì)待遇遷往美洲;③新航線的開辟為人們順利遷移掃除了障礙;④殖民擴(kuò)張是人口遷移的促進(jìn)因素,加快了人口遷移的過程。導(dǎo)致美國(guó)人口在本土范圍內(nèi)頻繁遷移的原因,歸納起來有:第一次人口遷移是戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)因素,第二次是城市化;第三次是自然環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境的變化;第四次是經(jīng)濟(jì)格局的變化,即西部和南部新資源的發(fā)現(xiàn)和新興工業(yè)的發(fā)展。2.我國(guó)古代的人口遷移,深受統(tǒng)治者及其行政力量的束縛。封建帝王為了加強(qiáng)本國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)和軍事實(shí)力,對(duì)人口遷移嚴(yán)加控制。只有當(dāng)戰(zhàn)亂發(fā)生的時(shí)候,這種控制才得到削弱,人們?yōu)榱硕惚軕?zhàn)亂,尋找安定的生活環(huán)境,不得不進(jìn)行大規(guī)模的遷移。我國(guó)近幾十年的人口遷移主要是由生產(chǎn)資料和勞動(dòng)力數(shù)量上的地區(qū)分布不平衡造成的,是經(jīng)濟(jì)因素在起主導(dǎo)作用,與古代的人口遷移截然不同。
提問:結(jié)合課本找出城市地域結(jié)構(gòu)模式的類型及各自特點(diǎn),模式形成的因素又有哪些?學(xué)生回答,使其掌握基本模式及特點(diǎn),通過對(duì)比,分析把握每一模式各自的特征,學(xué)會(huì)把握事物本質(zhì)。◆設(shè)計(jì)意圖:閱讀課本,總結(jié)歸納,同時(shí)引導(dǎo),通過原因規(guī)律的探究,大膽設(shè)想,總結(jié)規(guī)律掌握人文地理學(xué)習(xí)思路。4.活動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì):內(nèi)部空間結(jié)構(gòu)變化,結(jié)合實(shí)例,分析說明。提問:結(jié)合江寧區(qū)的變化,分析江寧區(qū)城市結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生了哪些變化?結(jié)合課本24頁活動(dòng)題,提出功能結(jié)構(gòu)布局方案?通過理論聯(lián)系實(shí)際,讓學(xué)生更好理解理論,掌握城市結(jié)構(gòu)布局的變化及其影響因素,通過活動(dòng)題方案的提出,學(xué)生能夠掌握布局的規(guī)律性,解決問題。設(shè)計(jì)意圖:理論聯(lián)系實(shí)際,知識(shí)的不枯燥性,提高學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)興趣。同時(shí),能夠通過總結(jié),深層次認(rèn)識(shí)城市結(jié)構(gòu)布局,活學(xué)活用。
四、說教學(xué)過程:首先,導(dǎo)入學(xué)習(xí)。開門見山式導(dǎo)入人類的地域活動(dòng)聯(lián)系,并設(shè)計(jì)提問在日常生活中,我們常用到的現(xiàn)代交通運(yùn)輸方式有哪些?引出第一部分內(nèi)容“主要交通運(yùn)輸方式”的講解。通過導(dǎo)入,讓學(xué)生明確交通運(yùn)輸?shù)闹匾?,?duì)交通運(yùn)輸工具和方式有感性的認(rèn)識(shí),以便于下面教學(xué)內(nèi)容的進(jìn)行。其次,進(jìn)入新課講授。由于學(xué)生們對(duì)五種交通運(yùn)輸方式已經(jīng)有感性的認(rèn)識(shí),因此在交通運(yùn)輸方式的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)方面的講解上,可以充分發(fā)揮學(xué)生的主觀能動(dòng)性,通過自己閱讀課本的圖來學(xué)習(xí)五種主要交通運(yùn)輸方式的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),以此培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的閱讀能力和自主學(xué)習(xí)能力。對(duì)于交通運(yùn)輸方式的掌握,僅僅知道其優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)還是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠的,要在此基礎(chǔ)上通過提問引導(dǎo)出影響交通運(yùn)輸方式選擇的因素,并通過實(shí)例與學(xué)生共同分析,選擇出合適的交通運(yùn)輸方式,得出要綜合考慮,本著“多、快、好、省”的原則,根據(jù)運(yùn)輸對(duì)象的特點(diǎn)和運(yùn)輸要求,選擇最佳運(yùn)輸方式的結(jié)論。
②內(nèi)燃機(jī)的發(fā)明推動(dòng)了交通運(yùn)輸領(lǐng)域的革新。19世紀(jì)末,新型的交通工具——汽車出現(xiàn)了。1885年,德國(guó)人卡爾·本茨成功地制成了第一輛用汽油內(nèi)燃機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)的汽車。1896年,美國(guó)人亨利·福特制造出他的第一輛四輪汽車。與此同時(shí),許多國(guó)家都開始建立汽車工業(yè)。隨后,以內(nèi)燃機(jī)為動(dòng)力的內(nèi)燃機(jī)車、遠(yuǎn)洋輪船、飛機(jī)等也不斷涌現(xiàn)出來。1903年,美國(guó)人萊特兄弟制造的飛機(jī)試飛成功,實(shí)現(xiàn)了人類翱翔天空的夢(mèng)想,預(yù)告了交通運(yùn)輸新紀(jì)元的到來。③內(nèi)燃機(jī)的發(fā)明推動(dòng)了石油開采業(yè)的發(fā)展和石油化學(xué)工業(yè)的產(chǎn)生。石油也像電力一樣成為一種極為重要的新能源。1870年,全世界開采的石油只有80萬噸,到1900年猛增至2 000萬噸。(3)化學(xué)工業(yè)的發(fā)展:①無機(jī)化學(xué)工業(yè):用化學(xué)反應(yīng)的方式開始從煤焦油中提煉氨、笨、等,用化學(xué)合成的方式,美國(guó)人發(fā)明了塑料,法國(guó)人發(fā)明了纖維,瑞典人發(fā)明了炸藥等。
【教學(xué)方法】本節(jié)課的教學(xué)知識(shí)點(diǎn)比較瑣碎,學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)和理解起來有較大的困難。教師在并結(jié)合教材中所引的文獻(xiàn)資料給予必要的點(diǎn)撥,并依據(jù)教材,并在此基礎(chǔ)上拓展教材引用有關(guān)材料,擴(kuò)展學(xué)生的思維,用思考題的形式,有機(jī)地將教材的重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)知識(shí)串聯(lián)起來,注意培養(yǎng)學(xué)生史論結(jié)合、論從史出的良好的歷史學(xué)習(xí)品質(zhì)?!緦?dǎo)入新課】秦始皇統(tǒng)一中國(guó)后,繼承了商鞅變法的成果和實(shí)踐了韓非子的理論,創(chuàng)立了封建專制主義中央集權(quán)的政治制度,即皇帝制、中央官制和郡縣制,把專制主義的決策方式和中央集權(quán)的政治制度有機(jī)結(jié)合起來。秦始皇首創(chuàng)的專制主義中央集權(quán)的政治體制為我國(guó)延續(xù)兩千多年的封建社會(huì)選擇了政治體制的基本模式。西漢王朝建立后,劉邦承襲了秦始皇所開創(chuàng)的統(tǒng)一的封建專制主義中央集權(quán)制。通過綜合概述上節(jié)課內(nèi)容,導(dǎo)入新課。
(一)、教材地位:我說課的內(nèi)容是人教版高二歷史(必修3)第五單元《從“師夷長(zhǎng)技”到維新變法》。本課主要講述了鴉片戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)后中國(guó)思想界發(fā)生的巨大變化,所講述內(nèi)容對(duì)中國(guó)近百年的歷史走向,對(duì)近代中國(guó)政治發(fā)展所產(chǎn)生的影響是至關(guān)重要的,所以這節(jié)課在教材中具有重要的地位和作用,同時(shí)也是本冊(cè)書中的重要章節(jié)。(二)、課標(biāo)要求:《高中歷史新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》對(duì)這一節(jié)內(nèi)容作了這樣的要求:了解鴉片戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)以后中國(guó)人學(xué)習(xí)西方 尋求變革的思想歷程,理解維新變法思想在近代中國(guó)社會(huì)發(fā)展中所起的作用。(三)、教學(xué)目標(biāo):根據(jù)課標(biāo)要求、教材內(nèi)容和學(xué)生的具體情況,確立以下教學(xué)目標(biāo):1、知識(shí)與能力:(1)識(shí)記:林則徐被稱為“開演看世界的第一人”;魏源的“師夷長(zhǎng)技以制夷”思想;洋務(wù)派“師夷長(zhǎng)技以自強(qiáng)”思想;早期維新思想和90年代維新思想;