This lesson is about music. Students can classify the types of music through the instruments and its sound and can talk about their preferences about music, even join some activities and play a role in them according to their musical talents. On the basis, they are guided to use the languages to express their preferences and some plosive sounds and their rules.1. Classify the music types through the instruments and its sound.2. Listen and understand what the speakers’ preferences are and the reasons; talk about their own preferences and give their own reasons, using these sentences: “What kind of music do you like? And why? “ “Because it makes/gives me energy/peaceful.../touches my heart...”.3. Learn some plosives and the rules.4. Join some activities and play a role in them according to the talents. 1. Listen and understand what the speakers’ preferences are and the reasons;2. talk about their own preferences and give their own reasons, using these sentences: “What kind of music do you like? And why? “ “Because it makes/gives me energy/peaceful.../touches my heart...”.3. Learn some plosives and incomplete plosives and its rules.Step 1 Lead inPoint at the pictures on P50 and ask Q1: What are the people doing in the pictures below?Q2: What kind of music they are?Then play the MP3s one by oneStep 2 ListeningTask 1: A reporter from the school newspaper is interviewing students about music. Listen to the interviews. Draw lines between the words to make complete sentences. Some words will not be used.
1. Get basic information about Eric; read deeply to understand the history and development of the virtual choir.2. Understand what the function of the virtual choir is and how to make a virtual choir.3. Understand the meaning of some languages in the context of the text through question guidance, such as “Many people do not have close friends or contacts who have the same interest in music.” and so on.Step 1 Leading-in1. Answer the following questions.Q1:Do you know the Apps like Tik Tok and Quick Hand?Q2: Do you want to make a Tik Tok video or a Quick Hand video?2. Play a Tik Tok video Step 2: Understanding the title Q1:What does the title mean ?Q2: Is the article a narration or exposition? Why? Q3: Can you change the title ? If you can, what is the title?Step 3: Scanning the whole text and getting the basic information1. Answer the following questions.Q1:Who came up with the idea for a virtual choir?Q2: Where did Eric studied the musical composition?Q3: What is his song?2. Find the main idea of each paragraph3. Deal with some new words.Step 4: Reading carefully to get detailed informationPara 1 How to make a virtual choir1. PreparationA. tools: a virtual camera; an Internet connectionB. hero/heroin: friends or some individuals who have the same interests2. Process
The Internet celebrity Gao Yifeng. Years ago, he owned 5 companies and the staffs over 1,000, but during the economy crisis, he became nothing but debt. He was so worried that his hair became white overnight. There was a time when he wanted to killed himself. But after listening to the song Start Over by Liu Huan, he decided to cheer himself up. He started a steamed bun shop and gradually became a national chain shops. Now he became successful again.Walter Haddon said, “Music is the medicine of a troubled mind.” Music contains such a pleasant and inspiring force. Music gave him courage and bravery. When he listened to the song, it made his spirit fly like a kite in the wind. Music gave him strength and brought him relief. It was the rock I leant on to become strong and to get through those hard times. I hope none of us have to go through the same kind of suffering that he did. At the same time, we all go through various periods when we feel sad or alone. During those times, music can help us in the same way that it helped him. I hope we all will somehow begin to treasure music and make it a part of our life. Thank you for your listening !5.Revise your writing each other.Does he/she explain how music has changed his/her/someone else’s life?Are some of the rhetorical devices included and used properly ?Does he/she talk about how music makes him/her/someone feel?Is the first word in each sentences capitalised?Does he/she use correct punctuation ?
(4)Now we have heard a number of outstanding speeches ... 我們已經(jīng)聆聽(tīng)了許多精彩的發(fā)言……(5)Because we wanted the nations of the world, working together, to deal with ... 因?yàn)槲覀兿M澜绺鲊?guó)團(tuán)結(jié)起來(lái)去應(yīng)對(duì)……(6)And if we do not act ... 如果我們不采取行動(dòng)……(7)Now, I share the concerns that have been expressed ... 我也同意對(duì)于……表達(dá)的擔(dān)心(8)Let us show the world that by working together we can ... 讓我們告訴全世界,通過(guò)一起努力我們可以……(9)It is now time for us to ... 是時(shí)候我們……(10)And I have always wished that ... 我一直希望……(11)Thank you for letting me share this day with me.感謝你們和我共度這一天。實(shí)踐演練:假如你是高中生李華,你校將舉辦一次以“音樂(lè)”為主題的演講比賽,請(qǐng)你按照主題,寫(xiě)下你的演講稿。注意:詞數(shù)100左右。First of all, thank you for listening to my speech. My topic is: love music like love yourself.Music is like the air we need to maintain our normal lives around us. You can't imagine how terrible a world without music would be. Movies and TV shows have no music, only dry conversations and scenes; mobile phones only vibrations; streets only noisy crowds; cafes, western restaurants only depressed meals. What a terrible world it is!As a student, I hope we all can enjoy the fun brought by music in our spare time. Instead of just listening to music, we can even make our own music. Let's enjoy the fun of music!Thanks again for your attention!
1.改善城市環(huán)境:治理河流、控制大氣污染物、大力加強(qiáng)綠化建設(shè)為改善城市環(huán)境,上海市全面展開(kāi)對(duì)大氣、河流、噪聲等多方面的治理工作。如蘇州河的治理、降低城市污染物濃度、加強(qiáng)綠化建設(shè),截止1990年,市區(qū)綠化覆蓋率達(dá)到20.3%。2.改善城市交通、改善居住條件擴(kuò)寬主干道,修建環(huán)城公路,修筑了南浦大橋和揚(yáng)浦大橋,新修城市高架公路和地鐵,改造住宅。3.控制城市規(guī)模建立衛(wèi)星城,開(kāi)發(fā)新區(qū),有效地控制城市中心區(qū)的規(guī)模。思考:什么時(shí)候許多國(guó)家采取措施保護(hù)和改善城市環(huán)境?你認(rèn)為可以采取哪些措施來(lái)保護(hù)和改善城市環(huán)境?上海市保護(hù)和改善城市環(huán)境的措施:上海的衛(wèi)星城有哪些?上海新建了哪個(gè)新區(qū)?目前浦東新區(qū)在上海的地位如何?建立衛(wèi)星城和開(kāi)發(fā)新區(qū)可以起到什么作用?上海市為改善交通條件,做了哪些工作?
Step 5 While reading---Task 3Read the text again and answer the following questions.Q1: How many countries does the UK consist of ?4 Q2: What are the four countries of the United Kingdom?England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland Q3: Which two were the first to be joined together ?England and WalesQ4: What are the two chief advantages of studying the history of a country ?The first one is to help you understand more about the country and its traditions.The second one is to make visiting it more enjoyable.Q5: What’s the author’s attitude towards studying the history ?Supportive/positiveStep 6 Post reading---Retell the textThe United Kingdom, Great Britain, Britain, England—many people are confused by (1)_____ these different names mean. In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales (2) __________(join) to the Kingdom of England. In the 19 th century, the Kingdom of Ireland was added to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Finally, the southern part of Ireland (3) ______ (break) away from the UK, which resulted in the full name we have today. However, most people just use the (4)_________(shorten) name: the UK. The four countries (5)__________ belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas. There were four sets of invaders and the last group were the Normans. They had castles (6)_________(build) all around England and made changes (7)__________ the legal system. Studying the history of the country will make your visit much more (8)_________(enjoy). The capital city London is (9)___ ancient port city that has a history (10)______(date) back to Roman times. 1. what 2.was joined 3.broke 4.shortened 5.that 6. built 7.to 8.enjoyable 9.an 10.dating Step 6 Homework
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “Take part in a youth project”. The listening text is an interview about "sharing views on historical sites". Through listening to a dialogue between Chinese and foreign students on the way to the Confucius Temple, students can understand their views on the Confucius Temple, Confucius, Confucius' descendants and Confucius' educational thoughts, so as to realize and think about the profound influence of Confucius and his thoughts on Chinese historical tradition. At the same time, the dialogue naturally integrates English idioms and mentions Shakespeare, the British playwright, so as to provide language materials and context for students to understand English idioms and related cultural allusions, as well as to compare Chinese and foreign cultures, which is helpful for students to understand and express the language such as history, tradition, culture and custom significant impact.Text analysis: listening text is a dialogue between a British student and a Chinese student when he goes to the Confucius Temple. When William, a British student, visited the Confucius Temple, he asked Xiao Kong, a Chinese student, for directions. Xiao Kong was just going to the Confucius Temple to meet with the members of the research group, so they went together and exchanged their views on the Confucius Temple, Confucius, Confucius' descendants and Confucius' educational thoughts. From the perspective of foreign tourists, this paper describes their thoughts on Confucius, the great son of Confucius, who had a profound impact on Chinese history and cultural tradition, and his education.Listening and Talking introduces a visit to a historic tourist destination. Tourism is a common way to understand a country's history, culture, and customs and so on. Students listen to the dialogue between Xiao Yan, a youth hostel Usher, and Paul, a backpacker, to learn about Pingyao's famous historical and cultural attractions and Paul's travel experience and experience as a foreign tourist.
③于是,大自然出現(xiàn)了驚人的奇跡,不毛的石縫間叢生出倔強(qiáng)的生命。④或者就只是一簇一簇?zé)o名的野草,春綠秋黃。歲歲枯榮。它們只有三兩片長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的細(xì)瘦的薄葉,那細(xì)微的葉脈,告知你生存該是多么艱難;更有的。它們就在一簇一簇瘦葉下自己生長(zhǎng)出根須,只為了少向母體吮吸一點(diǎn)乳汁,便自去尋找那不易被覺(jué)察到的石縫。這就是生命,如果這是一種本能,那么它正說(shuō)明生命的本能是多么尊貴,生命有權(quán)自認(rèn)為輝煌壯麗,生機(jī)竟是這樣地不可扼制。⑤或者就是一團(tuán)一團(tuán)小小的山花,大多又都是那苦苦的蒲公英。它們不似田野上的同宗長(zhǎng)得那樣茁壯,它們的莖顯得堅(jiān)韌而蒼老。它們的葉因枯萎而失卻光澤。它們已經(jīng)不能再去為人們作佐餐的鮮嫩的野菜,卻默默地為攀登山路的人準(zhǔn)備了一個(gè)可靠的抓手。生命就這樣地被環(huán)境規(guī)定著,又被環(huán)境改變著,適者生存的規(guī)律盡管無(wú)情。但一切適者就是戰(zhàn)勝環(huán)境的強(qiáng)者。生命現(xiàn)象告訴你,生命就是拼搏。
教學(xué)目的:通過(guò)學(xué)生課前收集資料、課堂展示、小組討論及教師總結(jié)和講解等形式,明確文化競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力在國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中的地位,感受各國(guó)各國(guó)日益激烈的文化競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力,探討如何提升中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義文化的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的分析解決問(wèn)題的能力,增強(qiáng)責(zé)任意識(shí)、科技意識(shí)和成才意識(shí)。教學(xué)時(shí)間:1小時(shí)課前準(zhǔn)備:(1)學(xué)生分組收集美國(guó)、日本、英國(guó)等國(guó)家文化產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r和中國(guó)文化走向世界的資料,并要求制成簡(jiǎn)單的課件。(2)分組討論課本P23—25的三個(gè)探究問(wèn)題(①運(yùn)用這些資料,從物質(zhì)和精神兩個(gè)方面,說(shuō)明發(fā)展文化有什么意義。②你還能從社會(huì)生活的哪些現(xiàn)象中感受到一個(gè)國(guó)家的文化競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力?③今天,中國(guó)文化為什么能夠在世界各地贏得尊重與喝彩?),組長(zhǎng)整理好討論結(jié)果。
(學(xué)生展開(kāi)暢敘所談,言之有理即可。)歸納:以上因素在人物語(yǔ)言表達(dá)中是綜合體現(xiàn)的,所以在寫(xiě)作時(shí)必須周密思考,使人物語(yǔ)言體現(xiàn)的人物性格更豐富,更有立體感。(3)行動(dòng)描寫(xiě)矛盾先生曾說(shuō):“人物性格必須通過(guò)行動(dòng)來(lái)表現(xiàn)?!蔽覀?cè)趯?xiě)作文時(shí),應(yīng)當(dāng)注意描寫(xiě)最能揭示人物本身的獨(dú)特性格的,最合乎人物地位,身份的動(dòng)作,從而使人物形象更生動(dòng)。行動(dòng)描寫(xiě)要注意哪些方面?A、選擇具有代表性,最能表現(xiàn)人物性格的行動(dòng)來(lái)寫(xiě)。如《守財(cái)奴》中的老葛朗臺(tái)的性格特點(diǎn)。B、要善于選擇具有表現(xiàn)力的動(dòng)詞,把人物的行動(dòng)準(zhǔn)確傳神地描寫(xiě)出來(lái)。(4)側(cè)面描寫(xiě)寫(xiě)作不僅可以從正面對(duì)人物加以刻畫(huà),也可以通過(guò)周圍各種不同人物的眼看,嘴講等方式,從側(cè)面起到烘托某個(gè)特定人物的作用。(請(qǐng)學(xué)生欣賞片段《茶花女》,《紅樓夢(mèng)》,教師歸納。)
1. 課前觀看視頻《物理學(xué)與人類文明》2. 分組討論,派代表發(fā)言,談學(xué)習(xí)感受。主要是物理的地位,物理的學(xué)習(xí)方法。3. 高中物理與初中物理在內(nèi)容和方法上的區(qū)別高中物理除了現(xiàn)象、概念和規(guī)律之外還應(yīng)該關(guān)注研究問(wèn)題的方法,學(xué)會(huì)從先想到抽象,從定性到定量研究問(wèn)題,學(xué)會(huì)用數(shù)學(xué)方法解決物理問(wèn)題,學(xué)會(huì)實(shí)驗(yàn)探究,學(xué)會(huì)獨(dú)立分析問(wèn)題解決問(wèn)題的思維習(xí)慣。4. 高中物理學(xué)習(xí)的基本要求高中物理學(xué)習(xí)應(yīng)該“重視實(shí)驗(yàn),勤于思考”和“經(jīng)歷過(guò)程,體驗(yàn)方法”。高中物理學(xué)習(xí)與初中物理學(xué)習(xí)雖然有一定區(qū)別,但也不是孤立的,要繼續(xù)堅(jiān)持初中物理學(xué)習(xí)中積累的學(xué)習(xí)方法和體會(huì),重視從正反兩個(gè)方面加以總結(jié)和提煉,做到:(1) 認(rèn)真閱讀,學(xué)會(huì)自學(xué)要學(xué)好物理,就要認(rèn)真閱讀課本。閱讀課本是要抓住關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ),弄清語(yǔ)句間的邏輯順序和因果關(guān)系,領(lǐng)會(huì)文章段落所表達(dá)的物理內(nèi)容,掌握課本敘述物理問(wèn)題的表達(dá)方法。
八、物理學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)地位及物理學(xué)對(duì)人類文明、社會(huì)進(jìn)步的影響。(1) 情景一:磁懸浮實(shí)驗(yàn):找兩個(gè)空心的圓柱片磁鐵,同名磁極相對(duì),穿在同一根竹筷上,用手壓下上面的磁鐵,松手觀察它的運(yùn)動(dòng)情況。問(wèn)題1:上面的磁鐵為什么會(huì)跳起來(lái),為什么會(huì)懸浮在下面的磁鐵上方?問(wèn)題2:根據(jù)這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn),你會(huì)想到那一種交通工具?總結(jié):人們就是從磁懸浮現(xiàn)象中得到啟發(fā),進(jìn)行磁懸浮列車的研究和制造的,這說(shuō)明物理學(xué)在推動(dòng)社會(huì)進(jìn)步、人類文明方面起到推動(dòng)作用。(2) 情景二:感應(yīng)起電和火花放電實(shí)驗(yàn):用感應(yīng)起電機(jī)或感應(yīng)圈產(chǎn)生火花放電,讓學(xué)生觀察現(xiàn)象,聞氣味,然后聯(lián)想生活實(shí)例。還可以用一張紙?jiān)囍鴵踝》烹姷幕」?,最好能引燃紙張,說(shuō)明雷擊引起火災(zāi)的現(xiàn)象。問(wèn)題1:你看、聽(tīng)到了什么現(xiàn)象?問(wèn)題2:根據(jù)這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn),你會(huì)想到那一種自然現(xiàn)象?問(wèn)題3:放電發(fā)生在什么地方?為什么建筑物上方都有尖尖的設(shè)置,是干什么用的?問(wèn)題4:你聞到什么氣味了嗎?
【教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)】一、教學(xué)目的:1、引導(dǎo)學(xué)生關(guān)注生活,向生活學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言。2、了解新詞新語(yǔ),能正確評(píng)價(jià)和運(yùn)用新詞新語(yǔ)。二、教學(xué)重難點(diǎn):1、重點(diǎn):認(rèn)識(shí)并評(píng)價(jià)新詞新語(yǔ)。2、難點(diǎn):如何評(píng)價(jià)新詞新語(yǔ)三、教學(xué)用時(shí):一課時(shí)四、教學(xué)過(guò)程預(yù)設(shè)(一)導(dǎo)入新課以前如果有人說(shuō)我可愛(ài),我會(huì)很高興:我還是有優(yōu)點(diǎn)的哦。現(xiàn)在如果有人說(shuō)我可愛(ài),我就會(huì)心里嘀咕了:這是什么意思呀?同學(xué)們知道這有什么意思嗎?(可愛(ài)=可憐沒(méi)人愛(ài))如果大家留心就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn),類似這樣的詞語(yǔ)很多,在網(wǎng)上是特別流行,很新穎、獨(dú)特,誰(shuí)來(lái)列舉幾個(gè)?(點(diǎn)評(píng)學(xué)生所列舉出的詞語(yǔ))網(wǎng)絡(luò)上有新詞新語(yǔ),其它媒體(如報(bào)刊、電視等)都有新詞新語(yǔ)。關(guān)于新詞新語(yǔ)的概念,一般認(rèn)為,新近創(chuàng)造出來(lái)的詞語(yǔ),或是舊詞新用,這樣的詞語(yǔ)就叫新詞新語(yǔ)。
1.懸念法懸念法又稱關(guān)子。它是作者為了激發(fā)那種“緊張與期待的心理活動(dòng)”,在行文中有意采取的一種積極而有效的手段。這種手段包括“設(shè)懸”和“解懸”兩方面。所謂 “設(shè)懸”就是設(shè)置懸念,即在情節(jié)發(fā)生發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻或人物命運(yùn)攸關(guān)的重要關(guān)頭,敘述戛然而止,轉(zhuǎn)敘他事。從而引起讀者強(qiáng)烈的尋根問(wèn)底的興趣。所謂“解懸” 也叫“釋?xiě)摇?,就是指在情?jié)發(fā)展的特定階段,通過(guò)矛盾的解決,揭示事情原委和人物命運(yùn)的結(jié)局,使讀者的期待心理得以滿足。如《驛路梨花》,當(dāng)人們正為露宿而發(fā)愁時(shí)出現(xiàn)了一間神秘的小屋,小屋的主人是誰(shuí)呢?猜想間,有人來(lái)了,但也不是屋子主人,那小屋子的主人是誰(shuí)呢?終于知道了小屋是解放軍蓋的,但為什么要蓋這間小屋呢?這樣“設(shè)懸——釋?xiě)摇獛С鲂聭夷睢保h(huán)環(huán)相扣、層層遞進(jìn),使文章韻味無(wú)窮。
天上有明月,年年照相思。她夜夜沉醉在夢(mèng)中。夢(mèng)把空間縮短了,夢(mèng)把時(shí)間凝固了,夢(mèng)把世界凈化了。夢(mèng)中沒(méi)有污穢,沒(méi)有嘈雜,沒(méi)有邪惡;夢(mèng)中沒(méi)有分離,沒(méi)有創(chuàng)傷,沒(méi)有痛苦;夢(mèng)中只有柔和的月色,只有溫馨的愛(ài);夢(mèng)使她永遠(yuǎn)年輕,使她不原醒來(lái)?!。莻€(gè)世界,是為天下最真最善最美的心靈準(zhǔn)備的,藝術(shù)家懷著虔誠(chéng)的情感,用充滿魔力的琴弦,在人們的心中筑起了一座不朽的天堂,它像天地一樣長(zhǎng)久,日月一樣永恒!新月微微地閉著眼睛,她清清楚楚地看到了那座天堂,真真切切地觸到了那座天堂,冰凌砌成墻壁,白云鋪成房頂,霧靄織成紗幔,星星串成明燈;在那里,她的頭發(fā)像沐浴之后那樣清爽柔軟,隨風(fēng)飄拂,她的肌膚像披著月光那樣清涼潤(rùn)滑,她的那顆心啊,像浸潤(rùn)著蒙蒙細(xì)雨的花蕾,掛著晶瑩的露珠,自由地呼吸……她沉醉在那個(gè)一塵不染的美好的境界,如歌如詩(shī),如夢(mèng)如幻,如云如月,如水如煙……
3.作者為什么不直接描寫(xiě)人們看見(jiàn)東西呢?請(qǐng)同學(xué)們找出其中的細(xì)節(jié)描寫(xiě),并說(shuō)明有什么表達(dá)效果。答:側(cè)面烘托,正是作者高明之處,這也是許多佳作常用之法。細(xì)節(jié)描寫(xiě)往往會(huì)成為事情的切入點(diǎn)和突破口,一篇佳作往往離不開(kāi)一些細(xì)節(jié)描寫(xiě),本文也不例外,有些細(xì)節(jié)描寫(xiě)耐人尋味,如:“德國(guó)人撤退時(shí)炸毀的布熱金卡毒氣室和焚尸爐廢墟上,雛菊花在怒放?!薄斑@是一個(gè)二十多歲的姑娘,長(zhǎng)得豐滿,可愛(ài),皮膚細(xì)白,金發(fā)碧眼。她在溫和地微笑著,似乎是為著一個(gè)美好而又隱秘的夢(mèng)想而微笑?!?.句子賞析:“對(duì)另外一些人來(lái)說(shuō),這樣一個(gè)事實(shí)使他們終生難忘:在德國(guó)人撤退時(shí)炸毀的布熱金卡毒氣室和焚尸爐廢墟上,雛菊花在怒放?!泵鞔_:一邊是戕害生命的毒氣室和焚尸爐,一邊是生機(jī)勃勃的生命,兩種反差極大的事物擺在一起。表達(dá)了作者對(duì)納粹的諷刺:納粹的殘暴終歸阻止不了生命的進(jìn)程。同時(shí)也表達(dá)了作者的控訴:生命的綻放是人世間最美好的事情,對(duì)生命的戕害是最惡劣的罪行。
教學(xué)重點(diǎn)1.自由落體運(yùn)動(dòng)的概念及探究自由落體運(yùn)動(dòng)的過(guò)程。2.掌握自由落體運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律,并能運(yùn)用其解決實(shí)際問(wèn)題。教學(xué)難點(diǎn)演示實(shí)驗(yàn)和探究實(shí)驗(yàn)的技巧及自由落體運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律的得出.教學(xué)過(guò)程設(shè)計(jì)思想:1、 先用游戲激發(fā)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)興趣,順理成章地研究落體運(yùn)動(dòng);2、 通過(guò)演示實(shí)驗(yàn)讓學(xué)生自己總結(jié)出物體下落快慢不同的主要原因是空氣阻力,從而猜想若沒(méi)有空氣阻力會(huì)怎樣;3、 用牛頓管實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證猜想,引入了新的理想運(yùn)動(dòng)模型:自由落體運(yùn)動(dòng)。講述1971年宇航員做的實(shí)驗(yàn),加深印象;4、 了解地球表面物體下落運(yùn)動(dòng)近似成自由落體運(yùn)動(dòng)的條件;5、 著手研究自由落體運(yùn)動(dòng)的規(guī)律,利用打點(diǎn)計(jì)時(shí)器進(jìn)行研究,得到結(jié)論;6、 總結(jié)自由落體運(yùn)動(dòng)特點(diǎn)及重力加速度;7、 應(yīng)用訓(xùn)練
一、教材分析在初中階段,物理量單位的學(xué)習(xí)是學(xué)生較為困惑的問(wèn)題之一。前面關(guān)于1N的規(guī)定給學(xué)生的印象總好像是有些隨意。尤其是牛頓、帕斯卡、安培、伏特、焦耳、瓦特等單位的規(guī)定。使得學(xué)生感動(dòng)物理太復(fù)雜。事實(shí)上,只有把單位制放在整個(gè)物理學(xué)框架中加以認(rèn)識(shí),并且知識(shí)有了一定的積累。經(jīng)歷了充分的學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程后才能體會(huì)物理量單位的命名和使用規(guī)則。體會(huì)到其中對(duì)一些單位進(jìn)行規(guī)定的合理性和方便特征。物理學(xué)單位中,有很少幾個(gè)基本物理量,它們的單位就是基本單位。在進(jìn)行了這種選定之后,其它物理量的單位就是根據(jù)它的定義式,有所選擇的其他物理量的單位共同確定的。國(guó)際單位制的建立和使用,不僅方便了國(guó)際間的交流,也逐漸成為科學(xué)研究中計(jì)算和運(yùn)用的一種規(guī)范約束。中學(xué)生應(yīng)該注意學(xué)習(xí),逐步習(xí)慣,在記錄、表達(dá)和計(jì)算中規(guī)范使用。二、教學(xué)目標(biāo)(一)知識(shí)與技能1.了解什么是單位制,知道力學(xué)中的三個(gè)基本單位;2.認(rèn)識(shí)單位制在物理計(jì)算中的作用
演示實(shí)驗(yàn)1、將一張紙和一張金屬片在同一高度同時(shí)釋放,結(jié)果金屬片先著地。教師不發(fā)表意見(jiàn),繼續(xù)做實(shí)驗(yàn)。分別將實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容和實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果板書(shū)在黑板上。2、將剛才的紙片緊緊捏成一團(tuán),再次與硬幣同時(shí)釋放,結(jié)果兩者幾乎同時(shí)落地。3、將兩個(gè)完全一樣的紙片,一個(gè)捏成團(tuán),一個(gè)平展,則紙團(tuán)下落快。師:物體下落快慢是由質(zhì)量決定嗎?生:不是的!師:為什么這樣說(shuō)?生:第2個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)和第三實(shí)驗(yàn)都說(shuō)明了這個(gè)問(wèn)題,特別是第3個(gè)問(wèn)題,質(zhì)量一樣卻下落有快慢之分。師:那你現(xiàn)在覺(jué)得物體下落快慢由什么因素決定呢?生:我想應(yīng)該是空氣阻力。猜想師:如果影響物體下落快慢的因素是空氣阻力,那么在沒(méi)有空氣阻力,物體的下落快慢應(yīng)該是一樣的,這種猜想是不是正確呢?我們來(lái)做一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證一下。
一、教學(xué)目標(biāo)1、知識(shí)與技能(1)知道時(shí)間和時(shí)刻的含義以及它們的區(qū)別。知道在實(shí)驗(yàn)室測(cè)量時(shí)間的方法。(2)知道位移的概念,知道它是表示質(zhì)點(diǎn)位置變動(dòng)的物理量,知道它是矢量,可以用有向線段來(lái)表示。(3)知道位移和路程的區(qū)別。2、過(guò)程與方法(1)聯(lián)系生活實(shí)際,通過(guò)師生共同討論的方法來(lái)確定時(shí)刻與時(shí)間、位置、位移及其路程的關(guān)系。(2)通過(guò)類比的數(shù)學(xué)方法用數(shù)學(xué)上的點(diǎn)、線段來(lái)突破時(shí)刻與時(shí)間的關(guān)系,直線運(yùn)動(dòng)的位置和位移。(3)嘗試運(yùn)用所學(xué)的概念判斷一些與生活相關(guān)的實(shí)際問(wèn)題。3.情感態(tài)度與價(jià)值觀(1)通過(guò)本節(jié)課的學(xué)習(xí),使學(xué)生體會(huì)到物理現(xiàn)象和規(guī)律所蘊(yùn)含的自然美。(2)通過(guò)對(duì)問(wèn)題的討論,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生勇于探究與日常生活有關(guān)的物理學(xué)問(wèn)題。(3)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生有主動(dòng)與他人合作的團(tuán)隊(duì)精神,提高學(xué)生的科學(xué)素養(yǎng)。二、教學(xué)重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)重點(diǎn):1、時(shí)間、時(shí)刻、位置、位移的概念。2、矢量與標(biāo)量的概念。