Unit 1 CulturalHeritage-Discovering Useful Structure教案

Restrictive relative clauses(3)教學(xué)設(shè)計

This theme of thepart is “ Describe people or things in greater detail”. Students have learnedthe grammar(restrictive relative clauses) in Book 1, and further review andconsolidate its structure “prep+relative pronouns(which/whom)” and the relativeadverbs(when, where and why), besides students should understand its form,meaning and functions. In this section, students should be able to express thegrammar correctly in daily communication and in the writing.

1.Review the basicusages of relative pronouns and adverbs of attributive clauses .

2.Learn to use somespecial cases about restrictive relative clauses.

3.Learn to writesentences with restrictive relative clauses flexibly according to the context.

1.Review the basicusages of relative pronouns and adverbs of attributive clauses .

2.Learn to use somespecial cases about restrictive relative clauses.

3.Learn tow ritesentences with restrictive relative clauses flexibly according to the context.

Step 1. Observe the following sentences, and mark the relative pronounsand the adverbs.

1.After listening to the scientists who had studied the problems, andcitizens who lived near the dam, the government turned to the United Nationsfor help.

2.Temples and other cultural sites were taken down piece by piece, andthen moved and put back together again in a place where they were safe from thewater.

Step 2 Practice
Please completethese sentences with relative pronouns and relative adverbs and answer thefollowing questions.
Questions: 1. What is the head noun ?
2. What relative words shouldbe used ?
3. What elements do they act inthese sentences ?
Practice:
1. There comes a time _______ the old must give a way to the new.
2. Water from the dam would likely damage a number of temples and destroycultural relics ______ were an important part of Egypt’s cultural heritage.
3. After listening to the scientists ________ had studied the problem, andcitizens _______ lived near the dam,...
4. Temples... and then moved and put back together again in a place ______ theywere safe from the water.
5. Not only had the countries found a path to the future_______ did not runover the relics of the past...
6. ...by UNESCO, which runs a programme _______ prevents world culturalheritage sites around the world from disappearing.

答案：1. when(先行詞：a time；關(guān)系副詞；充當(dāng)狀語)
2. which/that(先行詞：cultural relics; 關(guān)系代詞; 充當(dāng)主語）
3. who (先行詞：the scientists; 關(guān)系代詞; 充當(dāng)主語）
who(先行詞：citizens; 關(guān)系代詞; 充當(dāng)主語）
4. where(先行詞：a place; 關(guān)系副詞; 充當(dāng)狀語）
5. that(先行詞：the future; 關(guān)系代詞; 充當(dāng)主語）
6. that(先行詞：a programme; 關(guān)系代詞; 充當(dāng)主語）

Step 3 Summary

Step 4 Recite classical sentences

1. Do not cut down the tree that gives youshake.(O-S) 不要忘恩負(fù)義。
2. You can do anything (that) you setyour mind to. (O-O) 世上無難事只怕有心人
3. All that glitters is notgold.(S-S) 發(fā)光的并不都是金子
4. Time (that) you enjoy wasting isnot wasted time.(S-O) 享受的時光并非虛度
5. Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者，事竟成
6. Life is a tragedy when you feel. It is acomedy when you think.對于感受生活的人來說，生活是一場悲?。粚τ谒伎忌畹娜藖碚f，生活是一場喜劇

Step 5 Practice
Rewrite thesentences using relative clauses.
1. He showed me a photo in his room. It was a photo of a famous cultural relicin Egypt.
The photo( that/which) he showed me in his room was of a famous cultural relicin Egypt.
2. The project team helped protect the national parks in the United Republic ofTanzania. It was formed by members from fifteen countries.
The project team which/that helped protect the national parks in the UnitedRepublic of Tanzania was formed by members from fifteen countries.
3. This temple was first built during the Qin Dynasty.
The time when this temple was first built was during Qin Dynasty.
4. We met a professional archaeologist at the entrance to the Great Pyramid. Heexplained to us the process of building such a difficult structure.
The professional archaeologist (who) we met at the entrance to the GreatPyramid explained to us the process of building such a difficult structure.
5. The documents about the cultural relics from overseas are under the desk. Ifound them yesterday.
The place where I found the documents about the cultural relics from overseasyesterday is under the desk.
6. Scientists worked together day and night to rescue the temple because theywanted to preserve it for the next generation.
The reason why scientists worked together day and night to rescue the temple isthat they wanted to preserve it for thenext generation.

Step 6 Special cases
A. 關(guān)系詞只能用that而不用which的情況

1．當(dāng)先行詞為all,everything, nothing, anything, much等不定代詞時。

Have you takendown everything that Mr Li said?

All that can be done has been done.

2．先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾時。

The first placethat they visited in London was the Big Ben.

This is themost delicious food that I have ever had.

3．先行詞被all,every, no, the only, the very, the last等修飾時。

Ive read allthe books that are not mine.

The only thing that she could do was to go to the police for help.

I have foundthe very pen that I lost yesterday.

4．當(dāng)先行詞既指人，又指物時。

He made aspeech on the men and things that he had seen abroad.

B.“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句

當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作介詞的賓語時，我們通常用“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語從句。如果指“人”，用“介詞＋whom”；如果指“物”，用“介詞＋which”；關(guān)系代詞有時也用whose(作定語)。

選用介詞的依據(jù)：

1．根據(jù)定語從句中謂語動詞的搭配習(xí)慣(即固定短語)。

Yesterday wevisited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is famous.(be famous for“因……而出名”)

2．根據(jù)先行詞的搭配習(xí)慣(約定俗成，不一定是短語)。

This is thecamera with which he often takes photos.(with camera“用照相機”)

The boss inwhose company Mr King worked heard about the accident.(in the boss company)

3．根據(jù)句子的意思來選擇。

The colorlessgas without which we cannot live is called oxygen.

4．表示“所有”關(guān)系或“整體中的一部分”時，通常用介詞of。

I have about 10books, half of which were written by Mo Yan.

注意：在定語從句中，有一些含介詞的動詞短語不可拆開使用，如look after, look for等不能把介詞移至which或whom之前。