教學目標:知識與技能目標:積累常用文言詞語:實詞“矜”、“頷”、“釋”、“忿”、“徐”、“遣”;虛詞:“爾”、“以”、“但”。過程與方法目標:培養(yǎng)運用所學過的知識閱讀文言文的能力,培養(yǎng)學生質(zhì)疑探究的能力。情感態(tài)度與價值觀目標:感受作品中的文學形象,體會“熟能生巧”的道理。教學重點:1、課文的朗讀、背誦。2、文言詞的積累。3、把握人物形象,體會“熟能生巧”的道理。教學難點:1、自主閱讀文言文,自行提出并解決問題。2、訓練學生的拓展思維。3、由人及己,讓學生從中受到教育和啟發(fā)。教法學法: 誦讀教學法,自主、合作、探究法。改寫法。教學課時:2課時
閱讀8-22自然段(第三部分)有一天,我在家聽到打門,開門看見老王直僵僵地鑲嵌在門框里。 “鑲嵌”一詞用得合適嗎?為什么?合適。運用夸張的手法,強調(diào)了老王步履維艱,身體僵直的形態(tài)。指出這一段的外貌描寫他面如死灰,兩只眼上都結著一層翳,分不清哪一只瞎,哪一只不瞎。說得可笑些,他簡直像棺材里倒出來的,就像我想像里的僵尸,骷髏上繃著一層枯黃的干皮,打上一棍就會散成一堆白骨。給加紅色的字注音翳 yì眼角膜病變后留下的疤痕 骷髏 kūlóu注音釋義往常他坐在蹬三輪的座上,或抱著冰傴著身子進我家來,不顯得那么高。傴yǔ:彎(腰)曲(背)這幾句外貌描寫起什么作用?表現(xiàn)老王病重,烘托他的忠厚善良以及和對我家的深厚情意。比較下邊每組兩個句子,聯(lián)系上下文,說說①在表達上的好處。
父親是一個非常要強的農(nóng)民,有志氣,不甘人后,有長遠的生活目標,有愚公移山的精神和堅韌不拔的毅力。老實厚道,誠實,不怕千辛萬苦,有著中國傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)民所特有的謙卑。 作者寫作本文的目的是什么?小說塑造了發(fā)展中的中國農(nóng)村一個農(nóng)民的典型形象。他的血管里有我們民族拼命硬干、堅忍不拔的精神,他身上所具備的優(yōu)秀品質(zhì)代表了新舊交替時期中國農(nóng)民的突出特征。同時,這一形象還告訴我們,農(nóng)民創(chuàng)業(yè)之所以如此艱難困苦,根源在于經(jīng)濟落后。億萬農(nóng)民的希望在于先進的生產(chǎn)力,以此迅速改變農(nóng)村落后面貌,結束老牛拉破車的日子。作者對父親的優(yōu)秀品質(zhì)表示敬仰和贊嘆;對父親身上的中國傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)民所特有的謙卑表示同情;對改變農(nóng)村的面貌寄予希望。 六、 語言理解1、 “父親坐在綠陰里,能看見別人家高高的臺階,哪里栽著幾棵柳樹,柳樹老是搖來晃去,卻搖不散父親那專注的目光。這時,一片片旱煙的煙霧在父親頭上飄來飄去?!边@一處描寫表現(xiàn)了父親什么樣的思想感情?為什么不用心理描寫?
本篇故事雖短,但記述簡潔生動,情趣盎然,人物形象鮮明,哲理深入淺出,是學生了解傳統(tǒng)文化,學習淺易文言文,增強文言語感的經(jīng)典文言小品文。所以本教學設計首先注重落實字詞基礎;然后用搶答的方式幫助學生理解課文內(nèi)容;再以人物為核心,細讀課文,通過表演的方式,抓住重點實詞、虛詞,揣摩人物的心理和個性特點,了解文言語言簡潔精練的特點,激發(fā)學生學習文言文的興趣。通過質(zhì)疑探究,走進文本背后,引導學生學習探究文言故事的方法,培養(yǎng)學生獨立思考、質(zhì)疑探究的能力。文學知識筆記體小說筆記體小說指具有小說性質(zhì),介于隨筆和小說之間的一種文體,是中國古典小說的一種。筆記體小說多以人物趣聞逸事、民間故事傳說為題材,具有寫人粗疏、敘事簡約、篇幅短小,形式靈活、不拘一格的特點。筆記體小說的起源可以追溯到南朝劉義慶的《世說新語》。代表作有清代紀昀的《閱微草堂筆記》等。
資料鏈接1.《黃河大合唱》《黃河大合唱》是由光未然作詞、冼星海譜曲的一部大型合唱音樂作品,有《黃河船夫曲》《黃河頌》《黃河之水天上來》《黃水謠》《河邊對口曲》《黃河怨》《保衛(wèi)黃河》《怒吼吧,黃河!》八個樂章。詩中將雄奇的想象與現(xiàn)實的圖景結合在一起,組成了一幅幅壯闊的歷史畫卷。2.中華民族精神中華民族在悠久的發(fā)展歷史中,積淀和形成了自己獨特而偉大的民族性格和民族精神。中華文化的基本精神,表現(xiàn)了自強不息、居安思危、厚德載物、樂天知足、崇尚禮儀等特征。中華文化的力量,集中體現(xiàn)為民族精神的力量。中華民族精神的核心是愛國主義。這種精神就像是泰山、長城一般壯麗地雄峙于世界的東方!疑難探究如何把握《黃河頌》語言上的特點?這首歌詞寫得明快雄健,節(jié)奏鮮明,音節(jié)洪亮。以短句為主,兼以長句;長短結合,自由奔放并且錯落整齊。在韻腳上,隔二三句押韻,形成了自然和諧的韻律。
【設計意圖】本環(huán)節(jié)既總結了學習的內(nèi)容,也拓展了文章的主題;引導學生理解長征精神在當今時代的作用、意義,并傳承長征精神,接受革命傳統(tǒng)教育。四、總結存儲1.教師總結。文章在敘述紅軍翻越老山界的經(jīng)過中,進行了富有抒情氣息的描寫,展現(xiàn)了紅軍偉大的精神力量,也讓我們感受到了長征歲月中浪漫的英雄情懷。歲月滄桑,斗轉(zhuǎn)星移,中國已發(fā)生翻天覆地的變化,長征精神亦成為中華民族的寶貴精神財富。年輕一代的我們,應堅定信念,弘揚長征精神,為中華民族的偉大復興而努力,彈奏新征途的“天籟之音”。2.布置作業(yè)。(1)課外選讀:《大渡河畔英雄多》(楊得志)、《越過夾金山,意外會親人》(楊成武)。(2)以小組為單位編寫一期有關長征精神的手抄報,參加班級展示活動。
素養(yǎng)提升作文中怎樣運用“以小見大”的寫作手法(1)以小人物見大。這里的“小人物”是指在社會上不出名、沒有影響的人。以小人物見大,即以生活中平凡的小人物為敘寫對象,通過塑造小人物的形象,揭示其閃光的品質(zhì),彰顯其偉大的人格,折射出底層人民的光芒,喻人以大道理,動人以大感情,從而起到激勵、感化讀者的大作用。(2)以小事見大??梢酝ㄟ^敘寫生活中極其平常的小事闡述一個大的道理。文化常識典故故事——君子之交“君子之交”語出《莊子·山木》:“且君子之交淡若水,小人之交甘若醴;君子淡以親,小人甘以絕?!本又?,意思是賢者之間的交情,平淡如水,不尚虛華。唐貞觀年間,薛仁貴尚未得志之前,與妻子住在一個破窯洞中,衣食無著落,全靠王茂生夫婦接濟。后來,薛仁貴參軍,在跟隨唐太宗李世民御駕東征時,立下汗馬功勞,被封為“平陽郡公”。一登龍門,身價百倍,前來送禮祝賀的文武大臣絡繹不絕,可都被薛仁貴婉言謝絕了。
本教學設計著眼于民歌特點。第1課時重在誦讀詩歌,設計不同層次的讀,引導學生從詩歌的形式、節(jié)奏、韻律、情感四個方面感受民歌形式自由、具有韻律美、節(jié)奏感強、情感富于變化的特點,從而體會民歌的情味。第2課時重在品讀詩歌,引導學生通過品析情節(jié)、品味語言、析讀主題等方式,體會詩歌語言剛健明朗而質(zhì)樸生動的特點,逐層解讀民歌所塑造的傳奇形象,并理解民歌所傳達的愛國情懷。素養(yǎng)提升互 文互文,也叫互辭,是古詩文中常用的一種修辭手法。古文中對它的解釋是:“參互成文,合而見義。”具體地說,它是這樣一種表現(xiàn)形式:上下兩句或一句話中的兩個部分,看似各說兩件事,實則是互相呼應,互相闡發(fā),互相補充,說的是一件事。即上下文義互相交錯、互相滲透、互相補充地來表達一個完整的意思。初中階段,常見的互文一般有三類:(1)單句互文單句互文,即在同一個句子中前后兩個詞語在意義上相互交錯、滲透、補充。如:秦時明月漢時關。
教 學 過 程教師 行為學生 行為教學 意圖時間 *揭示課題 1.2正弦型函數(shù). *創(chuàng)設情境 興趣導入 與正弦函數(shù)圖像的做法類似,可以用“五點法”作出正弦型函數(shù)的圖像.正弦型函數(shù)的圖像叫做正弦型曲線. 介紹 播放 課件 質(zhì)疑 了解 觀看 課件 思考 學生自然的走向知識點 0 5*鞏固知識 典型例題 例3 作出函數(shù)在一個周期內(nèi)的簡圖. 分析 函數(shù)與函數(shù)的周期都是,最大值都是2,最小值都是-2. 解 為求出圖像上五個關鍵點的橫坐標,分別令,,,,,求出對應的值與函數(shù)的值,列表1-1如下: 表 001000200 以表中每組的值為坐標,描出對應五個關鍵點(,0)、(,2)、(,0)、(,?2)、(,0).用光滑的曲線聯(lián)結各點,得到函數(shù)在一個周期內(nèi)的圖像(如圖). 圖 引領 講解 說明 引領 觀察 思考 主動 求解 觀察 通過 例題 進一 步領 會 注意 觀察 學生 是否 理解 知識 點 15
一、定義: ,這一公式表示的定理叫做二項式定理,其中公式右邊的多項式叫做的二項展開式;上述二項展開式中各項的系數(shù) 叫做二項式系數(shù),第項叫做二項展開式的通項,用表示;叫做二項展開式的通項公式.二、二項展開式的特點與功能1. 二項展開式的特點項數(shù):二項展開式共(二項式的指數(shù)+1)項;指數(shù):二項展開式各項的第一字母依次降冪(其冪指數(shù)等于相應二項式系數(shù)的下標與上標的差),第二字母依次升冪(其冪指數(shù)等于二項式系數(shù)的上標),并且每一項中兩個字母的系數(shù)之和均等于二項式的指數(shù);系數(shù):各項的二項式系數(shù)下標等于二項式指數(shù);上標等于該項的項數(shù)減去1(或等于第二字母的冪指數(shù);2. 二項展開式的功能注意到二項展開式的各項均含有不同的組合數(shù),若賦予a,b不同的取值,則二項式展開式演變成一個組合恒等式.因此,揭示二項式定理的恒等式為組合恒等式的“母函數(shù)”,它是解決組合多項式問題的原始依據(jù).又注意到在的二項展開式中,若將各項中組合數(shù)以外的因子視為這一組合數(shù)的系數(shù),則易見展開式中各組合數(shù)的系數(shù)依次成等比數(shù)列.因此,解決組合數(shù)的系數(shù)依次成等比數(shù)列的求值或證明問題,二項式公式也是不可或缺的理論依據(jù).
重點分析:本節(jié)課的重點是離散型隨機變量的概率分布,難點是理解離散型隨機變量的概念. 離散型隨機變量 突破難點的方法: 函數(shù)的自變量 隨機變量 連續(xù)型隨機變量 函數(shù)可以列表 X123456p 2 4 6 8 10 12
4.That was an experience that frightened everyone. →That was _____________________. 答案:1. taking 2. being discussed 3. in the reading room 4. a frightening experienceStep 6 The meaning and function of V-ing as the predicative動詞-ing形式作表語,它通常位于系動詞后面,用以說明主語“是什么”或“怎么樣”一種表示主語的特質(zhì)、特征和狀態(tài), 其作用相當于形容詞; 另一種具體說明主語的內(nèi)容, 即主語等同于表語, 兩者可互換。The music they are playing sounds so exciting. 他們演奏的音樂聽起來令人激動。The result is disappointing. 結果令人失望。Our job is playing all kinds of music. 我們的工作就是演奏各種音樂。Seeing is believing. 眼見為實。Step 7 Practice1. It is ________(amaze) that the boy is able to solve the problem so quickly.2. Buying a car is simply _______(waste) money. 3. Please stop making the noise—it’s getting ________(annoy). 4. complete the passage with the appropriate -ing form.La Tomatina is a festival that takes place in the Spanish town Bunol every August. I think many food festivals are __________ because people are just eating. however, this festival is _________ because people don't actually eat the tomatoes. Instead, they throw them at each other! the number of people ________ part in this tomato fight, can reach up to 20,000, and it is a very __________ fight that lasts for a whole hour. The _______ thing is how clean Bunol is after the tomatoes are washed away after the fight. this is because the juice form tomatoes is really good for making surfaces clean!答案:1. amazing 2. wasting 3. annoying4. boring interesting taking exciting amazing
The topic of this part is “Discover the reasons for festivals and celebrations.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at talking about the experiences and feelings or emotions about the festivals and celebrations. This section aims at detecting the reason why the people celebrate the festivals, the time, the places, the types and the way of celebrations. It also explains why some traditions in the old celebrations are disappearing, like the firecrackers in the big cities and some new things are appearing like the prosperity of business or commerce. 1. Students can talk about what festivals they know and the reasons and the way of celebrating them.2. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.3. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them. 4. Students can have the international awareness about the festivals.1. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.2. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat festival do you like best ? Why ?I like the Spring Festivals because I can set off the fireworks, receive the lucky money and enjoy the Gala with my families.Step 2 Before reading---Pair workWhy do people celebrate different festivals ?The Spring Festivals is to celebrate the end of winter and the coming of spring and new life.The Mid-autumn Day is to celebrate the harvest and admire the moon.
The theme of this section is “Talk about festival activities and festival experiences”.Festival and holiday is a relaxing and interesting topic for students. This part talks about the topic from the daily life of students’. In the part A ---Listening and Speaking, there are three conversations among different speakers from three countries(Japan, Rio and China), where the speakers are participating in or going to participate in the festivals and celebrations. So listening for the relationship among them is a fundamental task. Actually, with the globalization and more international communication, it is normal for Chinese or foreigners to witness different festivals and celebrations in or out of China. In the Conversation 1, a foreign reporter is interviewing a Japanese young girl who just had participated in the ceremony of the Coming-of-Age Day on the street and asking her feeling about the ceremony and the afterwards activities. Conversation 2, Chinese girl Li Mei is witnessing the Rio Carnival for the first time, and her friend Carla gives her some advice on the costumes which enables her to match with the carnival to have a good time. Conversation 3, a Chinese guide is showing a group of foreign visitors around the Lantern Festival and introducing the customs of the festival to them. The three conversations have a strong vitality and insert the festival and cultural elements from different countries. So perceiving the festivals and cultures from different countries is the second task. At the same time, the scripts also insert the targeted grammar --- v-ing as attributive and predicative, which students can perceive and experience in a real context and make a road for the further study. That is the third task. In the Part B--- Listening and Talking, the theme is “Talk about festival experience”, which is the common topic in our daily conversations. During the conversation, Song Lin, a Chinese student, asked Canadian friend Max about how to spend Christmas. In the conversation, Song Lin talked about experience and the feelings during the Chinese Spring Festival, during which there are not only some enjoyable things but some unpleasant things. After the listening, perhaps students find there are some similarities between Christmas and the Chinese Spring Festival as there are some differences in the origins and celebrations. For example, people always visit friends and relatives, decorate their houses, have a big dinner together, chat and give presents to each other.
Step 3 Analyzing article structureActivity 31. Teachers raise questions to guide students to analyze the chapter structure of this diary and think about how to describe the festival experience. (1)What should be included in the opening/body/closing paragraph(s)?(2)How did the writer arrange his/her ideas?(3)What kind of interesting details did the writer describe?(4)How did the writer describe his/her feelings/emotions during the event?2. Students read and compare the three sentence patterns in activity 2. Try to rewrite the first paragraph of the diary with these three sentence patterns. After that, students exchange corrections with their partners. Such as:●This was my first time spending three days experiencing the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and it was an enjoyable and exciting experience. ●I'll never forget my experience at the Naadam Festival because it was my first time to watch the exciting Mongolian games of horse racing, wrestling, and archery so closely. ●I'll always remember my first experience at the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region because it was so amazing to spend three days witnessing a grand Mongolian ceremony. Step 4 Accumulation of statementsActivity 41. Ask the students to read the diary again. Look for sentences that express feelings and emotions, especially those with the -ing form and the past participle. Such as:● …h(huán)orse racing, wrestling, and archery, which are all so exciting to watch. ● some amazing performances● I was surprised to see…● I was a little worried about. . . ● feeling really tiredOther emotional statements:●I absolutely enjoyed the archery, too, but the horse races were my favourite part. ●I'm finally back home now, feeling really tired, but celebrating Naadam with my friend was totally worth it. ●He invited me back for the winter to stay in a traditional Mongolian tent and cat hot pot. I can’t wait!2. In addition to the use of the -ing form and the past participle, the teacher should guide the students in the appreciation of these statements, ask them to memorize them, and encourage them to use them reasonably in writing practice.
The topic of this part is “Write about your festival experience”.During the Listening and Speaking and Talking, students are just asked to say out their festival experiences such as the Spring Festival, Mid-autumn Day, but this part students will be asked to write down their own festival experiences. During the reading part, it introduces the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which can give students a good example to imitate. Students not only learn the festival, but touch and feel the Inner Mongolian’s character, the spirit and cultural atmosphere, which can help students form the cultural awareness and learn to enjoy and value the diversity of Chinese culture.Concretely, the dairy tells the experience that the author spent the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region with his/her friend. The structure is clear. In the opening paragraph, it introduces the topic of the Naadam Festival and the whole feeling. Then it introduces the items of the festival like the ceremony, wrestling and horse racing. Finally, it summarizes this experience. Because this part is a travel journal, we must guide students pay more attention to these details: 1. use the first person. 2. use the past tense to tell the past thing and use the present or future tense to describe the scenery. 3. use the timeline to tell the development. 4. be careful for the author’s psychology, emotion and feeling, etc.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information about Naadam Festival.2. Learn the structure of the reading article and language.3. Write an article about a festival experience4. Learn to use the psychology, emotions and feeling in the writing.1. Write an article about a festival experience.2. Use the structure of the reading article and language.
1. 表示時間。Hearing these stories, I’m skeptical about the place. = When I heard these stories. . . 2. 表示原因。Not knowing his address, I can’t send this book to him. = Because/Since/As I don’t know his address. . . 3. 表示結果。His father died, leaving him a lot of money. =. . . and left him a lot of money4. 表示條件。Going straight down the road, you will find the department store. = If you go straight down the road. . . 5. 表示讓步。Being tired, they went on working. =Although they were tired. . . 6. 表示行為方式、伴隨情況或補充說明。He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time. =. . . and stared at the sky for a long time注意:非謂語動詞作狀語時, 如所提供的動詞不能和句子中的主語保持一致, 動詞-ing形式必須有自己的邏輯主語, 通常由名詞或代詞來擔任, 這就是獨立主格結構。The last bus having gone, we had to walk home. (having gone的邏輯主語是the last bus, 而不是we)Weather permitting, the football match will be played on Friday. (permitting的邏輯主語是time, 而不是the football match)Step 7 Practice1. ________(study) hard, you are sure to get first prize. 2. People use plastic in their daily life, _______(leave) large amounts of waste. 3. ________(work) hard at your lessons, you are to succeed. 4. The old man, ____________(work) abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland. 5. ______________(finish) his homework, he was playing on the playground. Answers: 1. Studying 2. leaving 3. Working 4.having worked 5. Having finishedStep 8 HomeworkFinish the homework on Page 22.
Example:One day, a poor boy who was trying to pay his way through school by sending newspapers door to door found that he only had one dime(一角)left. He was so hungry that he decided to beg for a meal at the next house.However, he lost his nerve when a lovely young woman opened the door. Instead of a meal he asked for a drink of water. She thought he looked hungry so she brought him a large glass of milk. He drank it slowly, and then asked, “How much do I owe you?” “You don’t owe me anything,” she replied, “Mother has taught me never to accept pay for a kindness.” “Then I thank you from the bottom of my heart.” With these words, Howard Kelly left that house.Years later the woman became badly ill and was finally sent to the hospital in a big city. Dr. Howard Kelly, now famous, was called in. When he heard the name of the town she came from, a strange light filled his eyes. Dressed in his doctor’s clothes, Dr. Kelly went into her room and recognized her at once. From that day on, he gave special attention to her, and decided to do his best to save her life.At last the woman was saved. Dr. Kelly asked the business office to pass the final bill to him. He looked at it and then wrote something on the side. The bill was sent to the woman’s room. She was afraid to open it because she was sure that it would take the rest of her life to pay for it off. Finally she looked, and the note on the side of the bill caught her attention. She read these words: “Paid in full with a glass of milk, Dr. Howard Kelly.” Tear of joy flooded her eyes.
The topic of this part is “Learn to make choices in life”.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at the moral dilemmas, and this part is about making choices in life. The heroin is Lin Qiaozhi, a famous medical scientist, made a great contribution to our country’s medical care. Most importantly, her life experience can inspire our students whether in studying or the development of career. she had moral dilemmas and life choices, which are similar to the students who will step into society. Besides, Lin has quite good virtues like kindness, self-improvement, insistence, job-loving , generosity and responsibility, which is worth being learned.Concretely, this article is a biography about Lin Qiaozhi. The article tells her whole life according the timeline, among which the life choices is emphasized. For example, whether married or chased her dream, returned home or stayed abroad, family or public, her choices all reflected her faith, spirit, responsibility and devotion.1. Fast reading to get the detailed information about Lin Qiaozhi; careful reading to do the deductive information.2. Learn the reading skills--deductive judgement according the context.3. Study the structure features and language features. 4. Communicate about Lin’s life choices and reflect their own life choices.1. Learn the reading skills--deductive judgement according the context.2. Study the structure features and language features.3. Communicate about Lin’s life choices and reflect their own life choices.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat are some important life choices?Importance choices: university study, jobs and marriage partners. Because they can determine our future.
1. 這個寓言是一個關于一位國王古寓言。 The fable is an old fable about a king.2.作者用這個故事讓讀者對于社區(qū)的問題負有個人責任的必要印象深刻。The author used the story to impress upon readers with the need to take personal responsibility for problems in the community.3. 這個故事十分成功的實現(xiàn)了它的目的。The story was quite successful in achieving its purpose.Step 7 WritingPlease write a review of the story according the outline above.The fable is an old fable about a king who thought his people are lazy, so he put a large stone in the middle of the road and hides and waited to see if anyone will try to move it.The author used this story to impress upon readers with the need to take personal responsibility for problems in the community. The story was quite successful in achieving its purpose, and I liked it because it had a clear moral.However, while the moral of the story is clear, the actions of the king seemed pointless to me, because none of the characters in the story learnt anything. For this reason, I think there are better stories that can be used to impress upon people with the need for personal responsibility.Step 8 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1. Does the writer give a short description of the story ?2. Does the description include the most important details of the story ?3. Does the writer give his or her opinion about the character or their actions ?4. Is the review well-organised ? 5. Does the writer use the -ing form as the adverbial correctly in the writing ?6. Are there any grammar, spelling, or punctuation errors ?Step 9 HomeworkPut up your revised draft in the classroom or read it to your class.
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