一、教材分析《民主監(jiān)督:守望公共家園》是高一政治必修2第一單元第二課第四框題。在此之前,學生們已經(jīng)學習了公民所享有的政治權(quán)利和自由,了解到公民享有監(jiān)督權(quán),這為過渡到本框題的學習起到了鋪墊的作用。本框題承接了教材第一課“公民的政治權(quán)利和自由”這部分內(nèi)容,又為后面第四課“權(quán)力的行使:需要監(jiān)督”的學習埋下伏筆。所以學好這個框題為學好以后的政治常識打下牢固的基礎(chǔ),而且它在整個教材中也起到了承上啟下的作用。二、教學目標(一)知識目標1、識記公民的民主監(jiān)督權(quán)利、作用2、理解公民的民主監(jiān)督的重要性。3、學會分析如何行使監(jiān)督權(quán)(二)能力目標通過學習逐步形成民主監(jiān)督能力。(三)情感、態(tài)度與價值觀目標通過學習培養(yǎng)學生主人翁責任感。三、教學重點難點重點:公民的民主監(jiān)督權(quán)利、作用、重要性。難點:民主監(jiān)督的重要性
(2)偉大的意義:這些精神文明創(chuàng)建活動,是人民群眾“移風易俗”、改造社會的偉大創(chuàng)造,也是人民群眾自我教育、自我提高的有效途徑。各具特色的精神文明創(chuàng)建活動,使人們在自覺參與的過程中思想感情得到熏陶,思想覺悟得到啟發(fā),精神生活得到充實,道德意識得到增強,道德境界得到升華。這對整個中華民族的精神面貌,正在產(chǎn)生不可估量的積極影響?!簏c撥:“相關(guān)鏈接”描述了青年志愿者活動,引導學生感悟其精神,升華道德境界,增強參與意識。(3)必然的選擇:投身于社會主義精神文明建設的偉大實踐,做新時期中國先進文化的傳播者和建設者,是當代中國青年成長、成才的必然選擇。◇拓展延伸:在群眾性精神文明創(chuàng)建活動中涌現(xiàn)出的先進人物和英雄模范,像孔繁森、張海迪、徐洪剛、韓素云、李國安、徐虎、李素麗等,在全社會起到了良好的示范作用;提出的一些響亮口號,如“從我做起,從現(xiàn)在做起”“崗位學雷鋒,行業(yè)樹新風”“單位做個好職工,社會做個好公民,家庭做個好成員”等,不斷激勵著人們。
(2)社會主義思想道德體系應該與社會主義法律規(guī)范相協(xié)調(diào)。法治和德治,從來都是相輔相成、相互促進的。法治以法律的權(quán)威性和強制性規(guī)范社會成員的行為;德治以道德的說服力和感召力提高社會成員的思想認識和道德覺悟。建設中國特色社會主義,既要加強社會主義法制建設,依法治國;也要加強社會主義思想道德建設,以德治國?!笳n堂探究:你能否引述與上述道德規(guī)范相關(guān)法律條文?!筇骄刻崾荆荷鲜龅赖乱?guī)范見諸很多法律當中,例如:2O()5年4月27日頒布的《中華人民共和國公務員法》規(guī)定:公務員應當“忠于職守,勤勉盡責,服從和執(zhí)行上級依法作出的決定和命令”“遵守紀律,恪守職業(yè)道德,模范遵守社會公德。”修訂后的《中華人民共和國婚姻法》規(guī)定:“夫妻應當互相忠實,互相尊重;家庭成員間應當敬老愛幼,互相幫助,維護平等、和睦、文明的婚姻家庭關(guān)系。”
(三)合作探究、精講點撥 【情景導入,感受文化的影響】用多媒體展示教材“活動探究”P13的內(nèi)容(圖文并茂)情景問題:① 從這兩幅畫面中發(fā)現(xiàn)了哪些文化上的區(qū)別?你還能舉出更多的事例嗎?② 面對我們祖先創(chuàng)造的精美文化產(chǎn)品,人們的感慨,既有差異,又有共同之處。你能否解釋這是為什么?(學生討論、回答)情景問題:讓學生閱讀“活動探究”情景,帶著這些問題去思考、合作、探究,在學生交流、探究的基礎(chǔ)上,分組派代表完成這些問題,突出了學生的主體地位。設計意圖:1、開門見山的方式引導學生進行新的學習探究活動,創(chuàng)設問題情景,引起懸念,吸引學生的注意力,激發(fā)學生的學習興趣和探究欲望。2、通過自主探究,讓學生感悟到道理越辯越明,促使學生存疑、質(zhì)疑,從而產(chǎn)生強烈的探究欲望。
7.我國人力資源開發(fā)利用面臨四大挑戰(zhàn)在全面建設小康社會進程中,我國人力資源開發(fā)與利用面臨著以下四個方面嚴峻挑戰(zhàn)。(1)勞動力供給高峰的到來加劇了勞動力供求總量矛盾。持續(xù)的經(jīng)濟增長和人口計劃生育控制,使得我國人口再生產(chǎn)在不到30年的時間內(nèi)完成了從“高出生率、低死亡率、高自然增長率”的類型到“低出生率、低死亡率、低自然增長率”類型的轉(zhuǎn)變,人口在日增長率已經(jīng)連續(xù)數(shù)年低于千分之十。然而,龐大的人口基數(shù)及其低速增長仍對中國未來經(jīng)濟增長和社會發(fā)展帶來巨大的就業(yè)壓力,大量預測表明,未來20年是中國人口數(shù)量增長和勞動力供給的高峰時期。20世紀90年代以來,中國勞動年齡人口比重(16—59歲年齡組)由1990—1996年期間的61%~62%上升到1999年的63.2%。這種趨勢將會持續(xù)到2020年左右達到峰值,直到老齡化進程抵消了數(shù)量增長效應,勞動年齡人口的比重才會趨于下降。到2020年,中國勞動年齡人口將由2000年的8.61億上升到10.04億,平均每年新增勞動力715萬人。
一、教材分析《文化與經(jīng)濟、政治》是人教版高中政治必修三——文化生活第一單元第一課第二框的教學內(nèi)容,本課主要評述文化生活對人們交往方式、思維方式和生產(chǎn)方式的影響,說明現(xiàn)代社會中文化與經(jīng)濟、政治相互交融的意義。二、教學目標(一)知識目標◇理解:文化與經(jīng)濟、政治的關(guān)系:經(jīng)濟、政治決定文化,文化對經(jīng)濟、政治有重大影響,文化與經(jīng)濟、政治相互交融 ◇分析:經(jīng)濟和政治決定文化,文化是一定經(jīng)濟和政治的反映;文 化對經(jīng)濟發(fā)展具有重要作用,文化是生產(chǎn)力;文化對政治文明建設的推動作用及對公民政治素質(zhì)和權(quán)利意識的作;文化日益成為綜合國力的重要標志。(二)能力目標通過分析文化與經(jīng)濟、政治的關(guān)系,培養(yǎng)辯證分析能力(三)情感、態(tài)度、值觀目標懂得文化在綜合國力競爭中的地位和作用,努力學習將來為增強綜合國力貢獻力量
南極大地的水陸交接處,全是滑溜溜的冰層或者尖銳的冰棱。企鵝沒有可以用來攀爬的前臂,也沒有可以飛翔的翅膀,如何從水中上岸?紀錄片《深藍》展示,企鵝在將要上岸之時,要從海面潛入海中,沉潛到適當?shù)纳疃?,借用水的浮力,迅猛向上,飛出一道弧線,落于陸地之上。企鵝的沉潛是為了蓄勢,看似笨拙,卻富有成效。人生又何嘗不是如此?沉潛絕非沉淪,而是勇敢、智慧、自強。如果我們在困難面前能沉下氣來,不被“冰棱”嚇倒,不被浮華迷惑,專心致志,自強不息,積聚力量,并抓住恰當?shù)臋C會反彈向上,毫無疑問,我們就能成功登陸!反之,總是隨波浮沉,或者怨天尤人,注定就會被命運的風浪所玩弄,直至精疲力竭。結(jié)合上述材料,運用《生活與哲學》知識對“價值觀是人生的重要向?qū)?,有價值觀的人生才是更美的人生”加以評析。7、有兩名畜牧獸醫(yī)專業(yè)畢業(yè)的大學生應聘到農(nóng)村養(yǎng)豬場擔任技術(shù)總監(jiān)后,大力推廣使用生態(tài)養(yǎng)豬法和中草藥防疫技術(shù),使養(yǎng)豬場步入了良性發(fā)展軌道。
一、教材分析 《認識運動 把握規(guī)律》是人教版高中政治必修四第4章第2框的教學內(nèi)容,主要學習運動和規(guī)律二、教學目標1.知識目標:運動的含義、相對靜止的含義、規(guī)律的含義、物質(zhì)和運動的辨證關(guān)系、運動和靜止的辨證關(guān)系2.能力目標: 鍛煉學生理論聯(lián)系實際的能力,培養(yǎng)學生正確認識世界本質(zhì),并能夠自覺按照客觀規(guī)律辦事的能力3.情感、態(tài)度和價值觀目標:通過學習運動和靜止的辨證關(guān)系,使學生懂得辨證唯物主義在承認運動絕對性的同時還承認相對靜止的重要作用,從而承認世界是可知的,在生活、學習和工作中增強認識世界和改造世界的勇氣和信心,反對離開相對靜止談運動,避免形而上學的相對主義和詭辯論的錯誤三、教學重點難點規(guī)律的客觀性四、學情分析本框題的內(nèi)容比較抽象,不易理解,所以講解時需要詳細。教師指導學生借助生活中的一些常識來學習本課內(nèi)容
(三)合作探究、精講點撥。探究一:探究問題:如何看待排名一名高中生在談到“排名的二重性”時說:“我們既不能盲目地張揚排名,也不能簡單地否定排名。作為學生,如果用片面的觀點對待排名,排在前面沾沾自喜、驕傲自滿,排在后面灰心喪氣、一蹶不振,就會停滯不前,甚至倒退;如果通過排名了解自己的學習實力以及同別人的差距,做到知彼知己,揚長避短,就會出現(xiàn)先進更先進、后進趕先進的生動局面?!眴栴}:(1)在排名問題上,人們的看法往往各不相同,這是為什么?(2)為什么我們應看到排名的“二重性”?(3)聯(lián)系生活中類似的事例,談談生活與哲學的關(guān)系。教師活動:指導學生閱讀以上的材料,并思考所提問題。學生活動:閱讀材料,分組討論問題,發(fā)表自己的觀點,分析材料中包含的哲學道理。教師點評:(1)在排名問題上,人們的看法不同,主要是因為人們的思維方法不同。
一、教材分析《唯物主義和唯心主義》是人教版高中思想政治必修模塊4《生活與哲學》第一單元第二課第二框題內(nèi)容。這一框主要是通過對哲學存在和發(fā)展的具體形態(tài)的介紹,讓學生從中感受什么是哲學。圍繞著這個問題,教材設計了兩目:第一目主要是通過對歷史上各種不同的唯物主義哲學的介紹,從中概括出唯物主義的三種基本形態(tài);第二目主要是通過對歷史上各種不同的唯心主義哲學的介紹,從中概括出唯心主義的兩種基本形態(tài)。二、教學目標(一)知識目標什么是唯物主義,什么是唯心主義 ;理解哲學基本問題第一方面的內(nèi)容是劃分唯物主義和唯心主義的唯一標準;如何區(qū)分唯物主義的三種基本形態(tài)和唯心主義的兩種基本形態(tài)。(二)能力目標初步具有自覺運用唯物主義理論知識,分析和把握社會生活現(xiàn)象的 能力。(三)情感、態(tài)度與價值觀目標在實踐中堅持辨證唯物主義觀點,自覺反對和批判唯心主義。三、教學重點難點1、唯物主義和唯心主義的根本觀點(重點)
1. 表示時間。Hearing these stories, I’m skeptical about the place. = When I heard these stories. . . 2. 表示原因。Not knowing his address, I can’t send this book to him. = Because/Since/As I don’t know his address. . . 3. 表示結(jié)果。His father died, leaving him a lot of money. =. . . and left him a lot of money4. 表示條件。Going straight down the road, you will find the department store. = If you go straight down the road. . . 5. 表示讓步。Being tired, they went on working. =Although they were tired. . . 6. 表示行為方式、伴隨情況或補充說明。He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time. =. . . and stared at the sky for a long time注意:非謂語動詞作狀語時, 如所提供的動詞不能和句子中的主語保持一致, 動詞-ing形式必須有自己的邏輯主語, 通常由名詞或代詞來擔任, 這就是獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。The last bus having gone, we had to walk home. (having gone的邏輯主語是the last bus, 而不是we)Weather permitting, the football match will be played on Friday. (permitting的邏輯主語是time, 而不是the football match)Step 7 Practice1. ________(study) hard, you are sure to get first prize. 2. People use plastic in their daily life, _______(leave) large amounts of waste. 3. ________(work) hard at your lessons, you are to succeed. 4. The old man, ____________(work) abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland. 5. ______________(finish) his homework, he was playing on the playground. Answers: 1. Studying 2. leaving 3. Working 4.having worked 5. Having finishedStep 8 HomeworkFinish the homework on Page 22.
Example:One day, a poor boy who was trying to pay his way through school by sending newspapers door to door found that he only had one dime(一角)left. He was so hungry that he decided to beg for a meal at the next house.However, he lost his nerve when a lovely young woman opened the door. Instead of a meal he asked for a drink of water. She thought he looked hungry so she brought him a large glass of milk. He drank it slowly, and then asked, “How much do I owe you?” “You don’t owe me anything,” she replied, “Mother has taught me never to accept pay for a kindness.” “Then I thank you from the bottom of my heart.” With these words, Howard Kelly left that house.Years later the woman became badly ill and was finally sent to the hospital in a big city. Dr. Howard Kelly, now famous, was called in. When he heard the name of the town she came from, a strange light filled his eyes. Dressed in his doctor’s clothes, Dr. Kelly went into her room and recognized her at once. From that day on, he gave special attention to her, and decided to do his best to save her life.At last the woman was saved. Dr. Kelly asked the business office to pass the final bill to him. He looked at it and then wrote something on the side. The bill was sent to the woman’s room. She was afraid to open it because she was sure that it would take the rest of her life to pay for it off. Finally she looked, and the note on the side of the bill caught her attention. She read these words: “Paid in full with a glass of milk, Dr. Howard Kelly.” Tear of joy flooded her eyes.
The topic of this part is “Learn to make choices in life”.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at the moral dilemmas, and this part is about making choices in life. The heroin is Lin Qiaozhi, a famous medical scientist, made a great contribution to our country’s medical care. Most importantly, her life experience can inspire our students whether in studying or the development of career. she had moral dilemmas and life choices, which are similar to the students who will step into society. Besides, Lin has quite good virtues like kindness, self-improvement, insistence, job-loving , generosity and responsibility, which is worth being learned.Concretely, this article is a biography about Lin Qiaozhi. The article tells her whole life according the timeline, among which the life choices is emphasized. For example, whether married or chased her dream, returned home or stayed abroad, family or public, her choices all reflected her faith, spirit, responsibility and devotion.1. Fast reading to get the detailed information about Lin Qiaozhi; careful reading to do the deductive information.2. Learn the reading skills--deductive judgement according the context.3. Study the structure features and language features. 4. Communicate about Lin’s life choices and reflect their own life choices.1. Learn the reading skills--deductive judgement according the context.2. Study the structure features and language features.3. Communicate about Lin’s life choices and reflect their own life choices.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat are some important life choices?Importance choices: university study, jobs and marriage partners. Because they can determine our future.
1. 這個寓言是一個關(guān)于一位國王古寓言。 The fable is an old fable about a king.2.作者用這個故事讓讀者對于社區(qū)的問題負有個人責任的必要印象深刻。The author used the story to impress upon readers with the need to take personal responsibility for problems in the community.3. 這個故事十分成功的實現(xiàn)了它的目的。The story was quite successful in achieving its purpose.Step 7 WritingPlease write a review of the story according the outline above.The fable is an old fable about a king who thought his people are lazy, so he put a large stone in the middle of the road and hides and waited to see if anyone will try to move it.The author used this story to impress upon readers with the need to take personal responsibility for problems in the community. The story was quite successful in achieving its purpose, and I liked it because it had a clear moral.However, while the moral of the story is clear, the actions of the king seemed pointless to me, because none of the characters in the story learnt anything. For this reason, I think there are better stories that can be used to impress upon people with the need for personal responsibility.Step 8 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1. Does the writer give a short description of the story ?2. Does the description include the most important details of the story ?3. Does the writer give his or her opinion about the character or their actions ?4. Is the review well-organised ? 5. Does the writer use the -ing form as the adverbial correctly in the writing ?6. Are there any grammar, spelling, or punctuation errors ?Step 9 HomeworkPut up your revised draft in the classroom or read it to your class.
Step 4 PracticeRead the conversation. Find out which words have been left out.Justin: Linlin, I’m going to Guizhou Province next month. I’m super excited! Any recommendations for places to visit?Linlin: Wow, cool! Guizhou is a province with a lot of cultural diversity. Places to visit...well, definitely the Huangguoshu Waterfall first.Justin: What’s special about the waterfall?Linlin: Well, have you ever heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West ?Justin: Yes, I have. Why ?Linlin: In the back of the waterfall, you will find a cave, which is the home of the Monkey King.Justin: Really? Cool! I’ll definitely check it out.Linlin:And I strongly recommend the ethnic minority villages. You’ll find Chinese culture is much more diverse than you thought.Justin:Sounds great, thanks.Answers:Justin: Linlin, I’m going to Guizhou Province next month. I’m super excited! Do you have any recommendations for places to visit?Linlin: Wow, that’s cool! Guizhou is a province with a lot of cultural diversity. What are some places to visit in Guizhou ? Well, definitely the Huangguoshu Waterfall is the first place to visit in Guizhou Province.Justin: What’s special about the waterfall?Linlin: Well, have you ever heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West ?Justin: Yes, I have heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West . Why do you ask if I have heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West?Linlin: In the back of the waterfall, you will find a cave, which is the home of the Monkey King from Journey to the West.Justin: That’s really true? It’s Cool! I’ll definitely check it out.Linlin:And I strongly recommend the ethnic minority villages on your trip to Guizhou Province. You’ll find Chinese culture is much more diverse than you thought it was.Justin:This all sounds great, thanks.
The topic of this part is “Describe a place with distinctive cultural identity”.This section focuses on Chinese culture by introducing Chinatown, whose purpose is to show the relationship between the Chinese culture and American culture. The Chinese culture in Chinatown is an important part of American culture. Chinatown is an important window of spreading Chinese culture and the spirit homeland of oversea Chinese, where foreigners can experience Chinese culture by themselves.Concretely, the title is “Welcome to Chinatown!”, from which we can know that the article aims at introducing Chinatown. The author used the “Introduction--Body Paragraph--Conclusion” to describe the people, language, architecture, business, famous food and drinks and people’s activities, which can be a centre for Chinese culture and shows its unique charm.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information.2. Learn the characteristics of writing and language.3. Learn to introduce your own town according to the text.4. Learn to correct others’ writing.1. Learn the characteristics of writing and language.2. Learn to introduce your own town according to the text.Step 1 Lead in ---Small talkIn the reading part, we mentioned the Chinatown of San Francisco. How much do you know about Chinatown of San Francisco ?Chinatown is a main living place for Chinese immigrants, where you can see many Chinese-style buildings, costumes, operas, restaurants, music and even hear Chinese.Step 2 Before reading ---Predict the contentWhat is the writer’s purpose of writing this text ? How do you know ?From the title(Welcome to Chinatown) and some key words from the text(tourist, visit, visitors, experience), we can know the purpose of the text is to introduce Chinatown and show the relationship between Chinese culture and American culture.
1. In Picture 1 and Picture 2, where do you think they are from? How do you know?From their wearings, we can know they are from ethnic minority of China--- Miao and Dong.Picture 1, they are playing their traditional instrument lusheng in their traditional costumes.Picture 2. the girls are Miao because they wear their traditional costumes and silver accessory.2. In Picture 3, can you find which village it is? What time is it in the picture?It is Dong village. It is at night. Step 2 While-listeningJustin met a new friend while traveling in Guizhou. Listen to their conversation and complete the summaries below.Part 1Justin and Wu Yue watched some Miao people play the lusheng. The instrument has a history of over 3,000 years and it is even mentioned in the oldest collection of Chinese poetry. Then they watched the lusheng dance. Justin wanted to buy some hand-made silver/traditional accessories as souvenirs. He was told that the price will depend on the percentage of silver. Part 2They will go to a pretty Dong minority village called Zhaoxing. they will see the drum towers and the wind and rain bridges. They may also see a performance of the Grand Song of the Dong people.Step 3 Post-listening---TalkingWork in groups. Imagine Justin is telling some friends about his trip to Guizhou. One of you is Justin and the rest of you are his friends. Ask Justin questions about his trip and experience. The following expressions may help you.
Discuss these questions in groups.Q1: Have you ever been to a place that has a diverse culture ? What do you think about the culture diversity ?One culturally diverse place that I have been to is Harbin, the capital city of Heilongjiang Province. I went there last year with my family to see the Ice and Snow Festival, and I was amazed at how the culture as different to most other Chinese cities. There is a big Russian influence there, with beautiful Russian architecture and lots of interesting restaurants. I learnt that Harbin is called “the Oriental Moscow” and that many Russians settled there to help build the railway over 100 years ago.Q2: What are the benefits and challenges of cultural diversity ?The benefits: People are able to experience a wide variety of cultures, making their lives more interesting, and it can deepen the feelings for our national culture, it is also helpful for us to learn about other outstanding culture, which helps improve the ability to respect others. The challenges: People may have trouble communicating or understanding each other, and it may lead to disappearance of some civilizations and even make some people think “The western moon is rounder than his own.”Step 7 Post reading---RetellComplete the passage according to the text.Today, I arrived back in San Francisco, and it feels good (1) _____(be) back in the city again. The city succeeded in (2)_________ (rebuild) itself after the earthquake that (3)________ (occur) in 1906, and I stayed in the Mission District, enjoying some delicious noodles mixed with cultures. In the afternoon, I headed to a local museum (4)____ showed the historical changes in California. During the gold rush, many Chinese arrived, and some opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown to earn a (5)_____ (live). Many others worked on (6)______ (farm), joined the gold rush, or went to build the railway that connected California to the east. The museum showed us (7)____ America was built by immigrants from (8)________ (difference) countries and cultures. In the evening, I went to Chinatown, and ate in a Cantonese restaurant that served food on (9)________(beauty) china plates. Tomorrow evening, I’m going to (10)__ jazz bar in the Richmond District. 答案:1. to be 2. rebuilding 3. occurred 4. that 5.living6. farms 7.how 8. different 9. beautiful 10. a
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “talking about how to become an astronaut”. This period is aimed to inform students some details about the requirements of being an astronaut. Students can be motivated and inspired by the astronauts. Teachers ought to encourage students to learn from them and let them aim high and dream big.Listening and Talking introduces the theme of "talk about life in space". This part also informs students more details about life in space and can inspire students to be curious about this job. 1. Guide students to listen for numbers concerning dates, years and ages etc2. Cultivate students' ability to talk about how to become an astronaut and life in space ; 3. Instruct students to use functional sentences of the dialogue such as “ first of all, I am not sure, so what might be .. I guess.. I wonder…I am curious…)appropriately.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of the whole and key details; 2. Cultivate students' ability to guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to become a qualified astronaut and describe the life in space.Part 1: Listening and SpeakingStep 1: Lead inPredictionThe teacher can ask students to predict what the listening text is about by looking at the pictures.About how to become an astronaut./the requirements of an astronautStep 2: Then, play the radio which is about an interview a. And after finishing listening for the first time, the students need to solve the following tasks.
The theme of the section is “Describe space facts and efforts to explore space”. Infinitives are one of non-finite verbs, as the subjects, objects, predicative, attributes and adverbials. This unit is about space exploration, which is a significant scientific activity, so every scientific activity has strong planning. Therefore, using the infinitives to show its purpose, explanations or restrictions is the best choice.1. Learn the structure, functions and features of infinitives.2. Learn to summarize some rules about infinitives to show purpose and modify.3. Learn to use infinitives in oral and writing English. 1. Learn the structure, functions and features of infinitives.2. Learn to summarize some rules about infinitives to show purpose and modify.3. Learn to use use infinitives in oral and writing English.Step 1 Lead in---Pair workLook at the following sentences and focus on the italicized infinitives. In pairs, discuss their functions. 1. I trained for a long time to fly airplanes as a fighter pilot..(作目的狀語)2. As we all know, an astronaut needs to be healthy and calm in order to work in space..(作目的狀語)3. First of all, you must be intelligent enough to get a related college degree..(作目的狀語)4. Some scientist were determined to help humans realise their dream to explore space..(作定語)5. On 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space..(作定語)Summary:1. 不定式的結(jié)構(gòu):to+do原形。2. 分析上面的句子,我們知道在描述太空探索時,動詞不定式不僅可以用來表目的,還可以用來作定語,表修飾。