一、教材分析下面我來談一談對教材的認(rèn)識:主要從教材的地位和作用、以及在此基礎(chǔ)上確立的教學(xué)目標(biāo)、教學(xué)重難點這三個方面來談。首先,來談教材的地位和作用:本課教材內(nèi)容主要從三個方面向?qū)W生介紹了現(xiàn)代中國教育的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r和趨勢:人民教育的奠基、動亂中的教育和教育的復(fù)興,全面講述了新中國教育的三個階段。本課是文化史中中國史部分的最后一課, 也是必修三冊書中唯一涉及教育的一課。而教育是思想文化史中的重要組成部分,江澤民同志在談到教育的時候曾經(jīng)說過,“百年大計,教育為本。教育為本,在于育人”。教育是關(guān)系國計民生的大事。學(xué)生通過學(xué)習(xí)新中國教育發(fā)展的史實,理解“科教興國”、“國運興衰,系于教育”的深刻含義。最終由此激發(fā)學(xué)生樹立“知識改變命運、讀書成就人生”的信念,樹立勤奮學(xué)習(xí)、成人成才、報效祖國、服務(wù)社會的崇高理想。故本課的教學(xué)有極大的現(xiàn)實意義。談完了教材的地位和作用,我再分析一下教學(xué)目標(biāo):
教學(xué)過程:(一)導(dǎo)入:課前放《愛的奉獻(xiàn)》歌曲,同時不斷播放一些有關(guān)“愛”的主題的圖片,渲染一種情感氛圍。師說:同學(xué)們,誰能說說這組圖片的主題應(yīng)該是什么?生(七嘴八舌):母愛,不對是親情……是友情、還有人與人互相幫助……那組軍人圖片是說保衛(wèi)國家,應(yīng)該是愛國……那徐本禹和感動中國呢?…………生答:是關(guān)于愛的方面師說:不錯,是關(guān)于愛的方面。那么同學(xué)們,今天就以“愛的奉獻(xiàn)”為話題,來寫一篇議論文如何?生答:老師,還是寫記敘文吧。生答:就是,要不議論文寫出來也象記敘文。師問:為什么?生答:老師,這個話題太有話說了,一舉例子就收不住了,怎么看怎么象記敘文。生答:就是,再用一點形容詞,就更象了。眾人樂。師說:那么同學(xué)們誰能告訴我,為什么會出現(xiàn)這種問題?一生小聲說:還不是我們笨,不會寫。師說:不是笨,也不是不會寫,你們想為什么記敘文就會寫,一到議論文就不會了,那是因為同學(xué)們沒有明白議論文中的記敘與記敘文中的記敘有什么不同,所以一寫起議論文中的記敘,還是按照記敘文的寫法寫作,這自然就不行了。那好,今天我們就從如何寫議論文中的記敘講起。
四.設(shè)計反思我在設(shè)計本課時,希望通過情境的創(chuàng)設(shè)充分再現(xiàn)歷史,并利用多媒體輔助教學(xué),破重點、化難點,讓學(xué)生主動參與到學(xué)習(xí)過程中,從而突破狹小的教室空間,讓學(xué)生真正做到感知歷史,立足現(xiàn)實,展望未來。自主,交流、合作、探究是課程改革中著力倡導(dǎo)的新型學(xué)習(xí)方式。課堂教學(xué)中如何開展小組合作的探究學(xué)習(xí)存在著很多困難,首先是課堂教學(xué)時間有限,如何體現(xiàn)面向全體,給每個學(xué)生以機(jī)會?再次,歷史問題的討論只能依托于史料才能使討論不淪為空談,課堂上通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)提供大量的史料(文字、圖片或其他),勢必不能有充分時間讓學(xué)生閱讀分析。如何解決這些問題呢?措施一:要形成較固定的歷史學(xué)習(xí)合作小組。選定一位同學(xué)擔(dān)任組長,負(fù)責(zé)協(xié)調(diào)措施二:要設(shè)置有利于學(xué)生探究的問題情境措施三:要把課堂教學(xué)與課外學(xué)習(xí)結(jié)合起來。在課前就印發(fā)相關(guān)的材料,或引導(dǎo)學(xué)生去查閱相關(guān)的資料,讓學(xué)生有個充分的閱讀、思考、交流的時間,是保證課堂上小組交流能成功實現(xiàn)的一個前提
一、說教材(一)、教材內(nèi)容《古代中國的發(fā)明和發(fā)現(xiàn)》是人教版高中歷史必修三第三單元第一課內(nèi)容,本課教材主要從五個方面的典型事例向?qū)W生介紹了古代中國幾千年的科技成就。本課一方面展示了古代中國人民的勤勞智慧以及對世界文明發(fā)展作出的巨大貢獻(xiàn),另一方面也提出了一個重大問題引起學(xué)生的思考,即造成中國科技在近代落后的原因是什么。此外、本課在教材中具有承上啟下的地位和作用,前承中國傳統(tǒng)文化主流思想,后啟現(xiàn)代中國科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展。根據(jù)課標(biāo)要求和教材內(nèi)容,我將本課的三維目標(biāo)確定如下:(三)教學(xué)目標(biāo)(1)知識與能力:掌握中國古代科技進(jìn)步的基礎(chǔ)知識,特別是四大發(fā)明。認(rèn)識古代中國四大發(fā)明對世界文明發(fā)展的貢獻(xiàn),以及取得重大成就的原因。⑵過程與方法:通過指導(dǎo)學(xué)生課前閱讀課本,在課堂上進(jìn)行問題探究、實驗體驗以及歷史比較,學(xué)會總結(jié)歸納。
3、評:以評促行。(6分鐘)高中生的年齡特點決定了他們非常重視別人對自己的評價,渴望得到他人的肯定與鼓勵。(所以我在班上組織一個活動:讓同學(xué)們評選出班上“講文明懂禮貌的文明之星”、“勤思考善創(chuàng)新的學(xué)習(xí)之星”(先讓同學(xué)推舉大家都認(rèn)同的4位同學(xué),然后對他們進(jìn)行投票,投票結(jié)果將在下堂課上公布)以此活動來激發(fā)同學(xué)們用實際行動做民族精神的踐行者和傳播者。)4、唱:以情激行。(2分鐘)在課程內(nèi)容講授結(jié)完畢后,組織全班同學(xué)跟著音樂高唱孫楠的《紅旗飄飄》,生化情感,激發(fā)同學(xué)們的愛國情感。五、課堂拓展(請同學(xué)們各展才華:課后讓同學(xué)們各自準(zhǔn)備一個項目以體現(xiàn)民族精神。(項目形式是:或作文、書畫;或剪紙、或歌曲小品)……讓同學(xué)們用實際行動祝愿我們偉大的祖國更加繁榮昌盛!讓我們的民族精神代代相傳?。?/p>
環(huán)節(jié)三:多媒體繼續(xù)展示石窟藝術(shù)、民族文學(xué)等,學(xué)生在感受少數(shù)民族文化成就的過程中不難得出結(jié)論:各民族文化都為中華文化作出了重要貢獻(xiàn),都是中華民族的驕傲。由此進(jìn)入第三目“中華之瑰寶,民族之驕傲”。各族人民對中華文化的認(rèn)同感和歸屬感,顯示了中華民族厚重的文化底蘊(yùn)和強(qiáng)大的民族凝聚力。環(huán)節(jié)四:合作探究中華文化博大精深的原因。學(xué)生調(diào)動已有歷史知識儲備和課前搜集的材料分組交流:歷史上在思想文化方面,對諸家學(xué)說所采取的兼收并蓄的學(xué)術(shù)主張;中國文化長期吸收周邊少數(shù)民族的哪些優(yōu)秀文明;在對待外域文化上,中華民族是否敞開博大胸懷揚(yáng)棄吸收。2、從現(xiàn)代找出能充分體現(xiàn)中華民族的文化開放心態(tài)和中華文化非凡融合力的例子。這樣可增添幾分時代氣息,更好地服務(wù)于當(dāng)下實踐。
一、教材分析文化市場和大眾傳媒的發(fā)展,給我們的文化生活帶來了許多可喜的變化。但是,文化市場的自發(fā)性和傳媒的商業(yè)性也引發(fā)了令人憂慮的現(xiàn)象。文化生活有“喜”也有“憂”,讓我們歡喜讓我們憂。面對形式多樣的文化生活,置身于文化生活的海洋之中,在文化生活中如何選擇、怎樣作出正確的選擇是亟待向?qū)W生解決的問題。二、學(xué)情分析高二學(xué)生處于世界觀、人生觀和價值觀形成的關(guān)鍵時期,身心迅速發(fā)展,自我意識和獨立性較強(qiáng),社會公共生活空間范圍越來越大,并且開始理性地思考社會和人生的重大問題,他們可塑性強(qiáng),但情緒仍然不穩(wěn)定,有多變性,容易沖動或偏激,迫切需要提升思想意識,加強(qiáng)方法論的指導(dǎo),使其在紛繁復(fù)雜的文化生活中能夠進(jìn)行正確的判斷與選擇。如果我們的學(xué)生不能把握正確的航向,是非觀念模糊,良莠不分,就會陷入落后文化和腐朽文化的泥沼而不能自拔,甚至造成無法挽回的惡果。
(4)自強(qiáng)不息 (引導(dǎo)學(xué)生簡要了解介紹 “大禹治水”“ 愚公移山”“ 夸父追日”“ 富貴不能淫”等典故名言,注重從優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化和中華民族精神之間的關(guān)系角度總結(jié)。)三、永遠(yuǎn)高揚(yáng)的愛國主義旗幟這一目講述中華民族精神的核心,新時期愛國主義的主題?!咎骄咳浚?、團(tuán)結(jié)統(tǒng)一、愛好和平、勤勞勇敢、自強(qiáng)不息共同體現(xiàn)著一個什么主題?2、你知道哪些我國抒發(fā)愛國情懷的詩詞格言警句?哪些歷史故事或者你身邊的事例體現(xiàn)出了愛國主義的精神追求?你認(rèn)為新時期我國愛國主義主要體現(xiàn)在哪些方面?學(xué)生四人一個小組討論,選派代表發(fā)言【師生總結(jié)】:1、愛國主義是中華民族精神的核心,是中華民族的精神支柱。2、新時期愛國主義的主題:愛國主義是具體的,不同時期有不同的內(nèi)涵,新時期愛國與愛社會主義本質(zhì)上是一致的,發(fā)展中國特色社會主義,擁護(hù)祖國統(tǒng)一是新時期愛國主義的主題。
反思感悟用基底表示空間向量的解題策略1.空間中,任一向量都可以用一個基底表示,且只要基底確定,則表示形式是唯一的.2.用基底表示空間向量時,一般要結(jié)合圖形,運用向量加法、減法的平行四邊形法則、三角形法則,以及數(shù)乘向量的運算法則,逐步向基向量過渡,直至全部用基向量表示.3.在空間幾何體中選擇基底時,通常選取公共起點最集中的向量或關(guān)系最明確的向量作為基底,例如,在正方體、長方體、平行六面體、四面體中,一般選用從同一頂點出發(fā)的三條棱所對應(yīng)的向量作為基底.例2.在棱長為2的正方體ABCD-A1B1C1D1中,E,F分別是DD1,BD的中點,點G在棱CD上,且CG=1/3 CD(1)證明:EF⊥B1C;(2)求EF與C1G所成角的余弦值.思路分析選擇一個空間基底,將(EF) ?,(B_1 C) ?,(C_1 G) ?用基向量表示.(1)證明(EF) ?·(B_1 C) ?=0即可;(2)求(EF) ?與(C_1 G) ?夾角的余弦值即可.(1)證明:設(shè)(DA) ?=i,(DC) ?=j,(DD_1 ) ?=k,則{i,j,k}構(gòu)成空間的一個正交基底.
4.That was an experience that frightened everyone. →That was _____________________. 答案:1. taking 2. being discussed 3. in the reading room 4. a frightening experienceStep 6 The meaning and function of V-ing as the predicative動詞-ing形式作表語,它通常位于系動詞后面,用以說明主語“是什么”或“怎么樣”一種表示主語的特質(zhì)、特征和狀態(tài), 其作用相當(dāng)于形容詞; 另一種具體說明主語的內(nèi)容, 即主語等同于表語, 兩者可互換。The music they are playing sounds so exciting. 他們演奏的音樂聽起來令人激動。The result is disappointing. 結(jié)果令人失望。Our job is playing all kinds of music. 我們的工作就是演奏各種音樂。Seeing is believing. 眼見為實。Step 7 Practice1. It is ________(amaze) that the boy is able to solve the problem so quickly.2. Buying a car is simply _______(waste) money. 3. Please stop making the noise—it’s getting ________(annoy). 4. complete the passage with the appropriate -ing form.La Tomatina is a festival that takes place in the Spanish town Bunol every August. I think many food festivals are __________ because people are just eating. however, this festival is _________ because people don't actually eat the tomatoes. Instead, they throw them at each other! the number of people ________ part in this tomato fight, can reach up to 20,000, and it is a very __________ fight that lasts for a whole hour. The _______ thing is how clean Bunol is after the tomatoes are washed away after the fight. this is because the juice form tomatoes is really good for making surfaces clean!答案:1. amazing 2. wasting 3. annoying4. boring interesting taking exciting amazing
The topic of this part is “Discover the reasons for festivals and celebrations.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at talking about the experiences and feelings or emotions about the festivals and celebrations. This section aims at detecting the reason why the people celebrate the festivals, the time, the places, the types and the way of celebrations. It also explains why some traditions in the old celebrations are disappearing, like the firecrackers in the big cities and some new things are appearing like the prosperity of business or commerce. 1. Students can talk about what festivals they know and the reasons and the way of celebrating them.2. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.3. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them. 4. Students can have the international awareness about the festivals.1. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.2. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat festival do you like best ? Why ?I like the Spring Festivals because I can set off the fireworks, receive the lucky money and enjoy the Gala with my families.Step 2 Before reading---Pair workWhy do people celebrate different festivals ?The Spring Festivals is to celebrate the end of winter and the coming of spring and new life.The Mid-autumn Day is to celebrate the harvest and admire the moon.
The theme of this section is “Talk about festival activities and festival experiences”.Festival and holiday is a relaxing and interesting topic for students. This part talks about the topic from the daily life of students’. In the part A ---Listening and Speaking, there are three conversations among different speakers from three countries(Japan, Rio and China), where the speakers are participating in or going to participate in the festivals and celebrations. So listening for the relationship among them is a fundamental task. Actually, with the globalization and more international communication, it is normal for Chinese or foreigners to witness different festivals and celebrations in or out of China. In the Conversation 1, a foreign reporter is interviewing a Japanese young girl who just had participated in the ceremony of the Coming-of-Age Day on the street and asking her feeling about the ceremony and the afterwards activities. Conversation 2, Chinese girl Li Mei is witnessing the Rio Carnival for the first time, and her friend Carla gives her some advice on the costumes which enables her to match with the carnival to have a good time. Conversation 3, a Chinese guide is showing a group of foreign visitors around the Lantern Festival and introducing the customs of the festival to them. The three conversations have a strong vitality and insert the festival and cultural elements from different countries. So perceiving the festivals and cultures from different countries is the second task. At the same time, the scripts also insert the targeted grammar --- v-ing as attributive and predicative, which students can perceive and experience in a real context and make a road for the further study. That is the third task. In the Part B--- Listening and Talking, the theme is “Talk about festival experience”, which is the common topic in our daily conversations. During the conversation, Song Lin, a Chinese student, asked Canadian friend Max about how to spend Christmas. In the conversation, Song Lin talked about experience and the feelings during the Chinese Spring Festival, during which there are not only some enjoyable things but some unpleasant things. After the listening, perhaps students find there are some similarities between Christmas and the Chinese Spring Festival as there are some differences in the origins and celebrations. For example, people always visit friends and relatives, decorate their houses, have a big dinner together, chat and give presents to each other.
Step 3 Analyzing article structureActivity 31. Teachers raise questions to guide students to analyze the chapter structure of this diary and think about how to describe the festival experience. (1)What should be included in the opening/body/closing paragraph(s)?(2)How did the writer arrange his/her ideas?(3)What kind of interesting details did the writer describe?(4)How did the writer describe his/her feelings/emotions during the event?2. Students read and compare the three sentence patterns in activity 2. Try to rewrite the first paragraph of the diary with these three sentence patterns. After that, students exchange corrections with their partners. Such as:●This was my first time spending three days experiencing the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and it was an enjoyable and exciting experience. ●I'll never forget my experience at the Naadam Festival because it was my first time to watch the exciting Mongolian games of horse racing, wrestling, and archery so closely. ●I'll always remember my first experience at the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region because it was so amazing to spend three days witnessing a grand Mongolian ceremony. Step 4 Accumulation of statementsActivity 41. Ask the students to read the diary again. Look for sentences that express feelings and emotions, especially those with the -ing form and the past participle. Such as:● …h(huán)orse racing, wrestling, and archery, which are all so exciting to watch. ● some amazing performances● I was surprised to see…● I was a little worried about. . . ● feeling really tiredOther emotional statements:●I absolutely enjoyed the archery, too, but the horse races were my favourite part. ●I'm finally back home now, feeling really tired, but celebrating Naadam with my friend was totally worth it. ●He invited me back for the winter to stay in a traditional Mongolian tent and cat hot pot. I can’t wait!2. In addition to the use of the -ing form and the past participle, the teacher should guide the students in the appreciation of these statements, ask them to memorize them, and encourage them to use them reasonably in writing practice.
The topic of this part is “Write about your festival experience”.During the Listening and Speaking and Talking, students are just asked to say out their festival experiences such as the Spring Festival, Mid-autumn Day, but this part students will be asked to write down their own festival experiences. During the reading part, it introduces the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which can give students a good example to imitate. Students not only learn the festival, but touch and feel the Inner Mongolian’s character, the spirit and cultural atmosphere, which can help students form the cultural awareness and learn to enjoy and value the diversity of Chinese culture.Concretely, the dairy tells the experience that the author spent the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region with his/her friend. The structure is clear. In the opening paragraph, it introduces the topic of the Naadam Festival and the whole feeling. Then it introduces the items of the festival like the ceremony, wrestling and horse racing. Finally, it summarizes this experience. Because this part is a travel journal, we must guide students pay more attention to these details: 1. use the first person. 2. use the past tense to tell the past thing and use the present or future tense to describe the scenery. 3. use the timeline to tell the development. 4. be careful for the author’s psychology, emotion and feeling, etc.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information about Naadam Festival.2. Learn the structure of the reading article and language.3. Write an article about a festival experience4. Learn to use the psychology, emotions and feeling in the writing.1. Write an article about a festival experience.2. Use the structure of the reading article and language.
Step 4 PracticeRead the conversation. Find out which words have been left out.Justin: Linlin, I’m going to Guizhou Province next month. I’m super excited! Any recommendations for places to visit?Linlin: Wow, cool! Guizhou is a province with a lot of cultural diversity. Places to visit...well, definitely the Huangguoshu Waterfall first.Justin: What’s special about the waterfall?Linlin: Well, have you ever heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West ?Justin: Yes, I have. Why ?Linlin: In the back of the waterfall, you will find a cave, which is the home of the Monkey King.Justin: Really? Cool! I’ll definitely check it out.Linlin:And I strongly recommend the ethnic minority villages. You’ll find Chinese culture is much more diverse than you thought.Justin:Sounds great, thanks.Answers:Justin: Linlin, I’m going to Guizhou Province next month. I’m super excited! Do you have any recommendations for places to visit?Linlin: Wow, that’s cool! Guizhou is a province with a lot of cultural diversity. What are some places to visit in Guizhou ? Well, definitely the Huangguoshu Waterfall is the first place to visit in Guizhou Province.Justin: What’s special about the waterfall?Linlin: Well, have you ever heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West ?Justin: Yes, I have heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West . Why do you ask if I have heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West?Linlin: In the back of the waterfall, you will find a cave, which is the home of the Monkey King from Journey to the West.Justin: That’s really true? It’s Cool! I’ll definitely check it out.Linlin:And I strongly recommend the ethnic minority villages on your trip to Guizhou Province. You’ll find Chinese culture is much more diverse than you thought it was.Justin:This all sounds great, thanks.
The topic of this part is “Describe a place with distinctive cultural identity”.This section focuses on Chinese culture by introducing Chinatown, whose purpose is to show the relationship between the Chinese culture and American culture. The Chinese culture in Chinatown is an important part of American culture. Chinatown is an important window of spreading Chinese culture and the spirit homeland of oversea Chinese, where foreigners can experience Chinese culture by themselves.Concretely, the title is “Welcome to Chinatown!”, from which we can know that the article aims at introducing Chinatown. The author used the “Introduction--Body Paragraph--Conclusion” to describe the people, language, architecture, business, famous food and drinks and people’s activities, which can be a centre for Chinese culture and shows its unique charm.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information.2. Learn the characteristics of writing and language.3. Learn to introduce your own town according to the text.4. Learn to correct others’ writing.1. Learn the characteristics of writing and language.2. Learn to introduce your own town according to the text.Step 1 Lead in ---Small talkIn the reading part, we mentioned the Chinatown of San Francisco. How much do you know about Chinatown of San Francisco ?Chinatown is a main living place for Chinese immigrants, where you can see many Chinese-style buildings, costumes, operas, restaurants, music and even hear Chinese.Step 2 Before reading ---Predict the contentWhat is the writer’s purpose of writing this text ? How do you know ?From the title(Welcome to Chinatown) and some key words from the text(tourist, visit, visitors, experience), we can know the purpose of the text is to introduce Chinatown and show the relationship between Chinese culture and American culture.
1. In Picture 1 and Picture 2, where do you think they are from? How do you know?From their wearings, we can know they are from ethnic minority of China--- Miao and Dong.Picture 1, they are playing their traditional instrument lusheng in their traditional costumes.Picture 2. the girls are Miao because they wear their traditional costumes and silver accessory.2. In Picture 3, can you find which village it is? What time is it in the picture?It is Dong village. It is at night. Step 2 While-listeningJustin met a new friend while traveling in Guizhou. Listen to their conversation and complete the summaries below.Part 1Justin and Wu Yue watched some Miao people play the lusheng. The instrument has a history of over 3,000 years and it is even mentioned in the oldest collection of Chinese poetry. Then they watched the lusheng dance. Justin wanted to buy some hand-made silver/traditional accessories as souvenirs. He was told that the price will depend on the percentage of silver. Part 2They will go to a pretty Dong minority village called Zhaoxing. they will see the drum towers and the wind and rain bridges. They may also see a performance of the Grand Song of the Dong people.Step 3 Post-listening---TalkingWork in groups. Imagine Justin is telling some friends about his trip to Guizhou. One of you is Justin and the rest of you are his friends. Ask Justin questions about his trip and experience. The following expressions may help you.
Discuss these questions in groups.Q1: Have you ever been to a place that has a diverse culture ? What do you think about the culture diversity ?One culturally diverse place that I have been to is Harbin, the capital city of Heilongjiang Province. I went there last year with my family to see the Ice and Snow Festival, and I was amazed at how the culture as different to most other Chinese cities. There is a big Russian influence there, with beautiful Russian architecture and lots of interesting restaurants. I learnt that Harbin is called “the Oriental Moscow” and that many Russians settled there to help build the railway over 100 years ago.Q2: What are the benefits and challenges of cultural diversity ?The benefits: People are able to experience a wide variety of cultures, making their lives more interesting, and it can deepen the feelings for our national culture, it is also helpful for us to learn about other outstanding culture, which helps improve the ability to respect others. The challenges: People may have trouble communicating or understanding each other, and it may lead to disappearance of some civilizations and even make some people think “The western moon is rounder than his own.”Step 7 Post reading---RetellComplete the passage according to the text.Today, I arrived back in San Francisco, and it feels good (1) _____(be) back in the city again. The city succeeded in (2)_________ (rebuild) itself after the earthquake that (3)________ (occur) in 1906, and I stayed in the Mission District, enjoying some delicious noodles mixed with cultures. In the afternoon, I headed to a local museum (4)____ showed the historical changes in California. During the gold rush, many Chinese arrived, and some opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown to earn a (5)_____ (live). Many others worked on (6)______ (farm), joined the gold rush, or went to build the railway that connected California to the east. The museum showed us (7)____ America was built by immigrants from (8)________ (difference) countries and cultures. In the evening, I went to Chinatown, and ate in a Cantonese restaurant that served food on (9)________(beauty) china plates. Tomorrow evening, I’m going to (10)__ jazz bar in the Richmond District. 答案:1. to be 2. rebuilding 3. occurred 4. that 5.living6. farms 7.how 8. different 9. beautiful 10. a
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “talking about how to become an astronaut”. This period is aimed to inform students some details about the requirements of being an astronaut. Students can be motivated and inspired by the astronauts. Teachers ought to encourage students to learn from them and let them aim high and dream big.Listening and Talking introduces the theme of "talk about life in space". This part also informs students more details about life in space and can inspire students to be curious about this job. 1. Guide students to listen for numbers concerning dates, years and ages etc2. Cultivate students' ability to talk about how to become an astronaut and life in space ; 3. Instruct students to use functional sentences of the dialogue such as “ first of all, I am not sure, so what might be .. I guess.. I wonder…I am curious…)appropriately.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of the whole and key details; 2. Cultivate students' ability to guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to become a qualified astronaut and describe the life in space.Part 1: Listening and SpeakingStep 1: Lead inPredictionThe teacher can ask students to predict what the listening text is about by looking at the pictures.About how to become an astronaut./the requirements of an astronautStep 2: Then, play the radio which is about an interview a. And after finishing listening for the first time, the students need to solve the following tasks.
The theme of the section is “Describe space facts and efforts to explore space”. Infinitives are one of non-finite verbs, as the subjects, objects, predicative, attributes and adverbials. This unit is about space exploration, which is a significant scientific activity, so every scientific activity has strong planning. Therefore, using the infinitives to show its purpose, explanations or restrictions is the best choice.1. Learn the structure, functions and features of infinitives.2. Learn to summarize some rules about infinitives to show purpose and modify.3. Learn to use infinitives in oral and writing English. 1. Learn the structure, functions and features of infinitives.2. Learn to summarize some rules about infinitives to show purpose and modify.3. Learn to use use infinitives in oral and writing English.Step 1 Lead in---Pair workLook at the following sentences and focus on the italicized infinitives. In pairs, discuss their functions. 1. I trained for a long time to fly airplanes as a fighter pilot..(作目的狀語)2. As we all know, an astronaut needs to be healthy and calm in order to work in space..(作目的狀語)3. First of all, you must be intelligent enough to get a related college degree..(作目的狀語)4. Some scientist were determined to help humans realise their dream to explore space..(作定語)5. On 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space..(作定語)Summary:1. 不定式的結(jié)構(gòu):to+do原形。2. 分析上面的句子,我們知道在描述太空探索時,動詞不定式不僅可以用來表目的,還可以用來作定語,表修飾。
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