本節(jié)課選自《普通高中課程標準實驗教科書數(shù)學必修1》5.6.2節(jié) 函數(shù)y=Asin(ωx+φ)的圖象通過圖象變換,揭示參數(shù)φ、ω、A變化時對函數(shù)圖象的形狀和位置的影響。通過引導學生對函數(shù)y=sinx到y(tǒng)=Asin(ωx+φ)的圖象變換規(guī)律的探索,讓學生體會到由簡單到復雜、由特殊到一般的化歸思想;并通過對周期變換、相位變換先后順序調整后,將影響圖象變換這一難點的突破,讓學生學會抓住問題的主要矛盾來解決問題的基本思想方法;通過對參數(shù)φ、ω、A的分類討論,讓學生深刻認識圖象變換與函數(shù)解析式變換的內在聯(lián)系。通過圖象變換和“五點”作圖法,正確找出函數(shù)y=sinx到y(tǒng)=Asin(ωx+φ)的圖象變換規(guī)律,這也是本節(jié)課的重點所在。提高學生的推理能力。讓學生感受數(shù)形結合及轉化的思想方法。發(fā)展學生數(shù)學直觀、數(shù)學抽象、邏輯推理、數(shù)學建模的核心素養(yǎng)。
本節(jié)課選自《普通高中課程標準數(shù)學教科書-必修一》(人教A版)第三章《函數(shù)的概念與性質》,本節(jié)課是第2課時,本節(jié)課主要學習函數(shù)的三種表示方法及其簡單應用,進一步加深對函數(shù)概念的理解。課本從引進函數(shù)概念開始就比較注重函數(shù)的不同表示方法:解析法,圖象法,列表法.函數(shù)的不同表示方法能豐富對函數(shù)的認識,幫助理解抽象的函數(shù)概念.特別是在信息技術環(huán)境下,可以使函數(shù)在形與數(shù)兩方面的結合得到更充分的表現(xiàn),使學生通過函數(shù)的學習更好地體會數(shù)形結合這種重要的數(shù)學思想方法.因此,在研究函數(shù)時,要充分發(fā)揮圖象的直觀作用.課程目標 學科素養(yǎng)A.在實際情景中,會根據(jù)不同的需要選擇恰當?shù)姆椒ǎń馕鍪椒?、圖象法、列表法)表示函數(shù);B.了解簡單的分段函數(shù),并能簡單地應用;1.數(shù)學抽象:函數(shù)解析法及能由條件求函數(shù)的解析式;2.邏輯推理:求函數(shù)的解析式;
課本從引進函數(shù)概念開始就比較注重函數(shù)的不同表示方法:解析法,圖象法,列表法.函數(shù)的不同表示方法能豐富對函數(shù)的認識,幫助理解抽象的函數(shù)概念.特別是在信息技術環(huán)境下,可以使函數(shù)在形與數(shù)兩方面的結合得到更充分的表現(xiàn),使學生通過函數(shù)的學習更好地體會數(shù)形結合這種重要的數(shù)學思想方法.因此,在研究函數(shù)時,要充分發(fā)揮圖象的直觀作用.在研究圖象時,又要注意代數(shù)刻畫以求思考和表述的精確性.課本將映射作為函數(shù)的一種推廣,這與傳統(tǒng)的處理方式有了邏輯順序上的變化.這樣處理,主要是想較好地銜接初中的學習,讓學生將更多的精力集中理解函數(shù)的概念,同時,也體現(xiàn)了從特殊到一般的思維過程.課程目標1、明確函數(shù)的三種表示方法;2、在實際情境中,會根據(jù)不同的需要選擇恰當?shù)姆椒ū硎竞瘮?shù);3、通過具體實例,了解簡單的分段函數(shù),并能簡單應用.
本節(jié)課是新版教材人教A版普通高中課程標準實驗教科書數(shù)學必修1第四章第4.5.1節(jié)《函數(shù)零點與方程的解》,由于學生已經學過一元二次方程與二次函數(shù)的關系,本節(jié)課的內容就是在此基礎上的推廣。從而建立一般的函數(shù)的零點概念,進一步理解零點判定定理及其應用。培養(yǎng)和發(fā)展學生數(shù)學直觀、數(shù)學抽象、邏輯推理和數(shù)學建模的核心素養(yǎng)。1、了解函數(shù)(結合二次函數(shù))零點的概念;2、理 解函數(shù)零點與方程的根以及函數(shù)圖象與x軸交點的關系,掌握零點存在性定理的運用;3、在認識函數(shù)零點的過程中,使學生學會認識事物的特殊性與一般性之間的關系,培養(yǎng)數(shù)學數(shù)形結合及函數(shù)思想; a.數(shù)學抽象:函數(shù)零點的概念;b.邏輯推理:零點判定定理;c.數(shù)學運算:運用零點判定定理確定零點范圍;d.直觀想象:運用圖形判定零點;e.數(shù)學建模:運用函數(shù)的觀點方程的根;
本節(jié)課選自《普通高中課程標準實驗教科書數(shù)學必修1本(A版)》的第五章的4.5.3函數(shù)模型的應用。函數(shù)模型及其應用是中學重要內容之一,又是數(shù)學與生活實踐相互銜接的樞紐,特別在應用意識日益加深的今天,函數(shù)模型的應用實質是揭示了客觀世界中量的相互依存有互有制約的關系,因而函數(shù)模型的應用舉例有著不可替代的重要位置,又有重要的現(xiàn)實意義。本節(jié)課要求學生利用給定的函數(shù)模型或建立函數(shù)模型解決實際問題,并對給定的函數(shù)模型進行簡單的分析評價,發(fā)展學生數(shù)學建模、數(shù)學直觀、數(shù)學抽象、邏輯推理的核心素養(yǎng)。1. 能建立函數(shù)模型解決實際問題.2.了解擬合函數(shù)模型并解決實際問題.3.通過本節(jié)內容的學習,使學生認識函數(shù)模型的作用,提高學生數(shù)學建模,數(shù)據(jù)分析的能力. a.數(shù)學抽象:由實際問題建立函數(shù)模型;b.邏輯推理:選擇合適的函數(shù)模型;c.數(shù)學運算:運用函數(shù)模型解決實際問題;
本節(jié)是新人教A版高中數(shù)學必修1第1章第1節(jié)第3部分的內容。在此之前,學生已學習了集合的含義以及集合與集合之間的基本關系,這為學習本節(jié)內容打下了基礎。本節(jié)內容主要介紹集合的基本運算一并集、交集、補集。是對集合基木知識的深入研究。在此,通過適當?shù)膯栴}情境,使學生感受、認識并掌握集合的三種基本運算。本節(jié)內容是函數(shù)、方程、不等式的基礎,在教材中起著承上啟下的作用。本節(jié)內容是高中數(shù)學的主要內容,也是高考的對象,在實踐中應用廣泛,是高中學生必須掌握的重點。A.理解兩個集合的并集與交集的含義,會求簡單集合的交、并運算;B.理解補集的含義,會求給定子集的補集;C.能使用 圖表示集合的關系及運算。 1.數(shù)學抽象:集合交集、并集、補集的含義;2.數(shù)學運算:集合的運算;3.直觀想象:用 圖、數(shù)軸表示集合的關系及運算。
集合的基本運算是人教版普通高中課程標準實驗教科書,數(shù)學必修1第一章第三節(jié)的內容. 在此之前,學生已學習了集合的含義以及集合與集合之間的基本關系,這為學習本節(jié)內容打下了基礎. 本節(jié)內容是函數(shù)、方程、不等式的基礎,在教材中起著承上啟下的作用. 本節(jié)內容是高中數(shù)學的主要內容,也是高考的對象,在實踐中應用廣泛,是高中學生必須掌握的重點.課程目標1. 理解兩個集合的并集與交集的含義,能求兩個集合的并集與交集;2. 理解全集和補集的含義,能求給定集合的補集; 3. 能使用Venn圖表達集合的基本關系與基本運算.數(shù)學學科素養(yǎng)1.數(shù)學抽象:并集、交集、全集、補集含義的理解;2.邏輯推理:并集、交集及補集的性質的推導;3.數(shù)學運算:求 兩個集合的并集、交集及補集,已知并集、交集及補集的性質求參數(shù)(參數(shù)的范圍);4.數(shù)據(jù)分析:通過并集、交集及補集的性質列不等式組,此過程中重點關注端點是否含“=”及?問題;
本節(jié)內容來自人教版高中數(shù)學必修一第一章第一節(jié)集合第二課時的內容。集合論是現(xiàn)代數(shù)學的一個重要基礎,是一個具有獨特地位的數(shù)學分支。高中數(shù)學課程是將集合作為一種語言來學習,在這里它是作為刻畫函數(shù)概念的基礎知識和必備工具。本小節(jié)內容是在學習了集合的含義、集合的表示方法以及元素與集合的屬于關系的基礎上,進一步學習集合與集合之間的關系,同時也是下一節(jié)學習集合間的基本運算的基礎,因此本小節(jié)起著承上啟下的關鍵作用.通過本節(jié)內容的學習,可以進一步幫助學生利用集合語言進行交流的能力,幫助學生養(yǎng)成自主學習、合作交流、歸納總結的學習習慣,培養(yǎng)學生從具體到抽象、從一般到特殊的數(shù)學思維能力,通過Venn圖理解抽象概念,培養(yǎng)學生數(shù)形結合思想。
四、小結1.知識:如何采用兩角和或差的正余弦公式進行合角,借助三角函數(shù)的相關性質求值.其中三角函數(shù)最值問題是對三角函數(shù)的概念、圖像和性質,以及誘導公式、同角三角函數(shù)基本關系、和(差)角公式的綜合應用,也是函數(shù)思想的具體體現(xiàn). 如何科學的把實際問題轉化成數(shù)學問題,如何選擇自變量建立數(shù)學關系式;求解三角函數(shù)在某一區(qū)間的最值問題.2.思想:本節(jié)課通過由特殊到一般方式把關系式 化成 的形式,可以很好地培養(yǎng)學生探究、歸納、類比的能力. 通過探究如何選擇自變量建立數(shù)學關系式,可以很好地培養(yǎng)學生分析問題、解決問題的能力和應用意識,進一步培養(yǎng)學生的建模意識.五、作業(yè)1. 課時練 2. 預習下節(jié)課內容學生根據(jù)課堂學習,自主總結知識要點,及運用的思想方法。注意總結自己在學習中的易錯點;
第一節(jié)通過研究集合中元素的特點研究了元素與集合之間的關系及集合的表示方法,而本節(jié)重點通過研究元素得到兩個集合之間的關系,尤其學生學完兩個集合之間的關系后,一定讓學生明確元素與集合、集合與集合之間的區(qū)別。課程目標1. 了解集合之間包含與相等的含義,能識別給定集合的子集.2. 理解子集.真子集的概念. 3. 能使用 圖表達集合間的關系,體會直觀圖示對理解抽象概念的作用。數(shù)學學科素養(yǎng)1.數(shù)學抽象:子集和空集含義的理解;2.邏輯推理:子集、真子集、空集之間的聯(lián)系與區(qū)別;3.數(shù)學運算:由集合間的關系求參數(shù)的范圍,常見包含一元二次方程及其不等式和不等式組;4.數(shù)據(jù)分析:通過集合關系列不等式組, 此過程中重點關注端點是否含“=”及 問題;5.數(shù)學建模:用集合思想對實際生活中的對象進行判斷與歸類。
本節(jié)內容是學生學習了任意角和弧度制,任意角的三角函數(shù)后,安排的一節(jié)繼續(xù)深入學習內容,是求三角函數(shù)值、化簡三角函數(shù)式、證明三角恒等式的基本工具,是整個三角函數(shù)知識的基礎,在教材中起承上啟下的作用。同時,它體現(xiàn)的數(shù)學思想與方法在整個中學數(shù)學學習中起重要作用。課程目標1.理解并掌握同角三角函數(shù)基本關系式的推導及應用.2.會利用同角三角函數(shù)的基本關系式進行化簡、求值與恒等式證明.數(shù)學學科素養(yǎng)1.數(shù)學抽象:理解同角三角函數(shù)基本關系式;2.邏輯推理: “sin α±cos α”同“sin αcos α”間的關系;3.數(shù)學運算:利用同角三角函數(shù)的基本關系式進行化簡、求值與恒等式證明重點:理解并掌握同角三角函數(shù)基本關系式的推導及應用; 難點:會利用同角三角函數(shù)的基本關系式進行化簡、求值與恒等式證明.
指數(shù)函數(shù)與冪函數(shù)是相通的,本節(jié)在已經學習冪函數(shù)的基礎上通過實例總結歸納指數(shù)函數(shù)的概念,通過函數(shù)的三個特征解決一些與函數(shù)概念有關的問題.課程目標1、通過實際問題了解指數(shù)函數(shù)的實際背景;2、理解指數(shù)函數(shù)的概念和意義.數(shù)學學科素養(yǎng)1.數(shù)學抽象:指數(shù)函數(shù)的概念;2.邏輯推理:用待定系數(shù)法求函數(shù)解析式及解析值;3.數(shù)學運算:利用指數(shù)函數(shù)的概念求參數(shù);4.數(shù)學建模:通過由抽象到具體,由具體到一般的思想總結指數(shù)函數(shù)概念.重點:理解指數(shù)函數(shù)的概念和意義;難點:理解指數(shù)函數(shù)的概念.教學方法:以學生為主體,采用誘思探究式教學,精講多練。教學工具:多媒體。一、 情景導入在本章的開頭,問題(1)中時間 與GDP值中的 ,請問這兩個函數(shù)有什么共同特征.要求:讓學生自由發(fā)言,教師不做判斷。而是引導學生進一步觀察.研探.
一、說教材《趙州橋》是統(tǒng)編小學語文三年級下冊第三單元中的第三篇課文,是一篇說明性的課文。它從美觀和堅固兩方面介紹了聞名世界的趙州橋。贊美了我國古代勞動人民的智慧和才干。 課文共分4個自然段。第1自然段寫趙州橋的地點、橋名、設計建造者、建造年代。第2自然段講趙州橋的堅固、雄偉。這與它的獨特設計是密不可分的。圍繞“設計”這個重點詞,課文先寫了趙州橋設計的特點,再寫這樣設計的好處。第3自然段重點詞是“美觀”。介紹趙州橋美觀時用“有的……有的……還有的……所有的……”的句式,把欄板上龍的圖案描繪得栩栩如生,形象傳神。第4自然段講趙州橋是我國寶貴的歷史遺產,表現(xiàn)了勞動人民的智慧和才干。全文層次清晰,重點突出,通過對趙州橋設計特點的說明,贊揚了我國古代勞動人民的智慧和才干。選編這篇文章的意圖是讓學生通過學習,感受到中華優(yōu)秀的傳統(tǒng)文化,激發(fā)學生強烈的民族自豪感和愛國情緒。
The topic of this part is “Write about your festival experience”.During the Listening and Speaking and Talking, students are just asked to say out their festival experiences such as the Spring Festival, Mid-autumn Day, but this part students will be asked to write down their own festival experiences. During the reading part, it introduces the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which can give students a good example to imitate. Students not only learn the festival, but touch and feel the Inner Mongolian’s character, the spirit and cultural atmosphere, which can help students form the cultural awareness and learn to enjoy and value the diversity of Chinese culture.Concretely, the dairy tells the experience that the author spent the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region with his/her friend. The structure is clear. In the opening paragraph, it introduces the topic of the Naadam Festival and the whole feeling. Then it introduces the items of the festival like the ceremony, wrestling and horse racing. Finally, it summarizes this experience. Because this part is a travel journal, we must guide students pay more attention to these details: 1. use the first person. 2. use the past tense to tell the past thing and use the present or future tense to describe the scenery. 3. use the timeline to tell the development. 4. be careful for the author’s psychology, emotion and feeling, etc.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information about Naadam Festival.2. Learn the structure of the reading article and language.3. Write an article about a festival experience4. Learn to use the psychology, emotions and feeling in the writing.1. Write an article about a festival experience.2. Use the structure of the reading article and language.
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “talking about how to become an astronaut”. This period is aimed to inform students some details about the requirements of being an astronaut. Students can be motivated and inspired by the astronauts. Teachers ought to encourage students to learn from them and let them aim high and dream big.Listening and Talking introduces the theme of "talk about life in space". This part also informs students more details about life in space and can inspire students to be curious about this job. 1. Guide students to listen for numbers concerning dates, years and ages etc2. Cultivate students' ability to talk about how to become an astronaut and life in space ; 3. Instruct students to use functional sentences of the dialogue such as “ first of all, I am not sure, so what might be .. I guess.. I wonder…I am curious…)appropriately.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of the whole and key details; 2. Cultivate students' ability to guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to become a qualified astronaut and describe the life in space.Part 1: Listening and SpeakingStep 1: Lead inPredictionThe teacher can ask students to predict what the listening text is about by looking at the pictures.About how to become an astronaut./the requirements of an astronautStep 2: Then, play the radio which is about an interview a. And after finishing listening for the first time, the students need to solve the following tasks.
Q4: What is the function of the International exploration ?Having astronauts from different countries on boardQ5: What can you learn from Para 4 ?China has made great achievements in exploring spaceQ6: What is the attitude to the space exploration ?SupportiveStep 6 Post reading---RetellPeople have always wanted to learn more about space. Before the mid-20th century, most people felt (1)_________ (travel) into space was an impossible dream. However, (2)____ the help of scientists, peoplesucceeded in realizing their dream (3) _________ (explore) space. On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite (4) ____________(launch) by the USSR. (5) ________________ scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen. These disasters made everyone(6)___________(disappoint), but people still believe in the importance of (7) ________(carry) on space exploration. In 2003, China became the third country to (8)_____________ (independent) send humans into space. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed (9)____ second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk. In spite of the difficulties, scientists hope future (10)__________ (discovery) will not only enable us to understand the universe but also help us survive well into the future.Answers: 1. travelling 2. with 3. to explore 4. was launched 5. Although6. disappointed 7. carrying 8. independently 9. a 10. discoveriesStep 6 Post reading---Critical thinkingQ1: What do you think of the space exploration ? I think it is beneficial to us. Through further study of space, people will make full use of it in the future, such as the space experiments by Wang Yaping in Tian Gong 1.Q2: If you are determined to be an astronaut, what should you prepare at present ?First of all, I should study hard to get a related college degree. Besides, I must keep mental and physical healthy.Step 7. HomeworkTry to summarize the structure of the article by a mind map.
另一方面,其余的人反對這個計劃,因為它可能會導致一些不好的影響。7.I hold the belief that space exploration not only enable us to understand how the universe began but also help us survived well into the future.我堅信探索太空不僅能夠使我們了解宇宙的起源而且能夠幫助我們更好地走進未來。8.I think we should spend more time and money exploring space so as to provide new and better solutions to people's shortterm and longterm problems.為了給人類的短期和長期問題提供更新和更好的解決方法,我認為我們應該花更多的時間和金錢來探索太空。9.From my point of view,it is wrong of young people to depend on their telephones too much,which may do harm to both their physical and mental health.在我看來,年輕人過度依賴手機是不對的,因為它們可能會對他們的身心健康都有害。最近你班同學就“人類是否應該進行宇宙探索”這個問題進行了激烈的討論。有人認為,探索宇宙不僅讓人類更好地了解宇宙的發(fā)展,還可以用來指導農業(yè)生產,以及把一些探索太空的高新技術用于現(xiàn)實生活;也有一些人認為探索太空花掉了大量的人力物力;影響了人們的生活水平。請你根據(jù)以下情況寫一篇報告并發(fā)表自己的觀點。注意:1.寫作內容應包括以上全部要點,可適當發(fā)揮,使上下文連貫;
Everybody wants to get wealth.In today’s material world,making money or becoming wealthy symbolizes a person’s success and capability. Many people just make every effort, pay any price to attain greater wealth. With money,they can buy nice, large apartments in nice neighborhood. With money they can own luxurious cars. Wealth seems to bring all happiness in life.But is wealth the only road to happiness? Not really. There are many things in the world, which are beyond the means of money, such as friendship, love, health and knowledge. People are so preoccupied with struggling for money that they have no time or would not take the time to form or maintain friendship. What happiness can they feel living as lonely miserable creatures without love or friends in the world even if they accumulate tremendous wealth?In my opinion, people can’t do anything without money, but money is not everything. What money will bring you depends on your personal belief and goal in life. If you are kind enough to help others, especially the poor, money is a good thing to you. With it, you can do much more for the benefit of people and your country, and it will add to your own happiness. If you want money just for your own needs, you’ll never be satisfied or happy. In a word,you should have money spent for more people. Only then can money be the source of your happiness.Step 8 Homework4 students in a group, one acts Roderick, one Oliver, one servant and the fourth one acts Henry Adams, then listen to the tape, pay more attention to the difference between American English and British English in pronunciation, stress, tone.
【參考范文】Narrator:(Henry is smiling as he leaves the restaurant. As he is walking down the street, he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to get it cut. )H=Henry;B=Barber;R=rude manH:Good afternoon, I'd like to get a cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry's hair and continues cutting another man's hair. )Er, I'd really like a haircut. As you can see it's much too long. B:(in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H:Fine, well I'll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber's chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B:It's quite expensive here, you know!Are you sure you can afford it?H:Yes. I think so. (In comes the rude man. )R:Hey you there. I need a haircut quickly. Can you do me straightaway?B:All right, then, get in the chair and I'll see what I can do. R:Thank you. (sits down in one of the barber's chairs)H:Excuse me, but I was here first. Aren't you going to do my hair first?B:This man's in a hurry. H:Well so am I!I insist that you cut my hair first. B:OK, but I'll have to be quick. This gentleman is waiting. H:Thank you. (They both become quiet. After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B:Why, Mr . . . (looks shocked)H:Adams. Henry Adams. I'm sorry, I don't have any change. R:You're that Mr Adams! Well,I'm glad I waited or I might never have known it was you. B:Why, Mr Adams, please don't worry!(wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about!Nothing at all!Please come back any time, even if you only need too little hairs cut!It will be my honour to serve you!
(2)歷史課本中歷朝歷代的文化發(fā)展。(3)政治生活中關于綜合國力競爭的相關知識。(4)了解文化產業(yè)的發(fā)展,深入體會知識經濟、文化經濟現(xiàn)象。五、【方法點津】:(1)堅持理論聯(lián)系實際的方法,感悟文化現(xiàn)象,理解文化內涵,分析文化的作用,增強文化學習的自覺性。(2)自學探究。以課本的簡單提示為線索,深入探究文化與經濟、政治的相互交融,探究文化在綜合國力競爭中的地位和作用。(3)集體討論。針對當前國際競爭的實質,探討我國應如何發(fā)展文化產業(yè)、發(fā)展文化生產力、增強文化競爭力;討淪為更好地應對文化競爭,作為中學生目前應做好哪些準備。六、【課文導語】:文化,一個我們十分熟悉的詞匯。然而“熟知并非真知”。有人說,文化是知識;有人說,文化是藝術。究竟什么是“文化”?只要在社會生活中細細體味,我們就能真切地感悟“文化”的內涵與文化的力量。