探索1:上節(jié)我們列出了與地毯的花邊寬度有關(guān)的方程。地毯花邊的寬x(m),滿足方程 (8―2x)(5―2x)=18也就是:2x2―13x+11=0你能估算出地毯花邊的寬度x嗎?(1)x可能小于0嗎?說說你的理由;_____________________________.(2)x可能大于4嗎?可能大于2.5嗎?為什么?(3)完成下表x 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.52x2-13x+11 (4)你知道地毯花邊的寬x(m)是多少嗎?還有其他求解方法嗎?與同伴交流。探索2:梯子底端滑動的距離x(m)滿足方程(x+6)2+72=102,也就是x2+12x―15=0(1)你能猜出滑動距離x(m)的大致范圍嗎?(2)x的整數(shù)部分是_____?十分位是_______?x 0 x2+12x-15 所以 ___<x<___進一步計算x x2+12x-15 所以 ___<x<___因此x 的整數(shù)部分是___,十分位是___.三、當堂訓練:完成課本34頁隨堂練習四、學習體會:五、課后作業(yè)
三、課堂檢測:(一)、判斷題(是一無二次方程的在括號內(nèi)劃“√”,不是一元二次方程的,在括號內(nèi)劃“×”)1. 5x2+1=0 ( ) 2. 3x2+ +1=0 ( )3. 4x2=ax(其中a為常數(shù)) ( ) 4.2x2+3x=0 ( )5. =2x ( ) 6. =2x ( ) (二)、填空題.1.方程5(x2- x+1)=-3 x+2的一般形式是__________,其二次項是__________,一次項是__________,常數(shù)項是__________.2.如果方程ax2+5=(x+2)(x-1)是關(guān)于x的一元二次方程,則a__________.3.關(guān)于x的方程(m-4)x2+(m+4)x+2m+3=0,當m__________時,是一元二次方程,當m__________時,是一元一次方程。四、學習體會:五、課后作業(yè)
(4)議一議:頻率與概率有什么區(qū)別和聯(lián)系?隨著重復實驗次數(shù)的不斷增加,頻率的變化趨勢如何?結(jié)論:從上面的試驗可以看到:當重復實驗的次數(shù)大量增加時,事件發(fā) 生的頻率就穩(wěn)定在相應(yīng)的概率附近,因此,我們可以通過大量重復實驗,用一個事件發(fā)生的頻率來估計這一事件發(fā)生的概率。三、做一做:1.某運動員投籃5次, 投中4次,能否說該運動員投一次籃,投中的概率為4/5?為什么?2.回答下列問題:(1)抽檢1000件襯衣,其中不合格的襯衣有2件,由 此估計抽1件襯衣合格的概率是多少?(2)1998年,在美國密歇根州漢諾城市的一個農(nóng)場里出生了1頭白色的小奶牛,據(jù)統(tǒng)計,平均出生1千萬頭牛才會有1頭是白色的,由此估計出生一頭奶牛為白色的概率為多少?
本單元主要是學習情態(tài)動詞can的肯定句、否定句、一般疑問句,肯定與否定回答,以及特殊疑問句的構(gòu)成和用法;復習what弓!導的特殊疑問句。本單元主要圍繞“加人俱樂部,談?wù)撟约旱哪芰Α边@一話題,設(shè)計了三個任務(wù)型活動:任務(wù)一是:自己的才藝表演,學習情態(tài)動詞can的用法;任務(wù)二是:自己建立俱樂部,運用情態(tài)動詞can談?wù)撟约涸谀骋环矫娴哪芰Α⑾埠煤鸵庠?;任?wù)三是:我能成功,主要是復習鞏固談?wù)摳髯缘膼酆煤吞亻L的方法。單元知識系統(tǒng)(樹)Can you/he/she/you dance? 一Yes,I/he/she/we can./No,I/he/she/we can’t.Can Bill play the guitar?一Yes,he can,but he can’t sing.單元總體目標通過學習情態(tài)動詞can的用法,使學生能夠表達自己在某一方面所具備的才能;能夠談?wù)撟约旱南埠门c意愿;能夠為自己成立的各種俱樂部制作海報;會寫招聘廣告。單元重難點一覽重點 難點I.復習詞匯:can,play,want2.詞匯:guitar, dance, swim,sing, chess, speak, drum,trumpet,violin,play the guitar3.句型:Can you/he/she/you dance?Yes,I/he/she/we can./No,I/he/she/we can’t.Can Bill play the guitar?
在這一單元中,學生要學會就有關(guān)人與物之間所屬關(guān)系進行問答的句子。本單元大量引入有關(guān)運動的名詞,要求學生彼此詢問有無此類物品,并做出相應(yīng)的回答。 同時學習表示建議的句型Let’s運動的形容詞。 本單元所選用的話題來自學生所喜歡的生活片段,在教學中生生交流、師生交流會更融洽,會促進師生彼此間的了解,成功的教學還會讓部分學生養(yǎng)成良好的運動習慣和收藏習慣。 教學目標 1) 語言知識:A.在詢問對方是否有某物的對話中學會使用do和does引導的一般疑問句; B. 學會使用描述性的形容詞來評價事物; C. 學會在對話中使用名詞復數(shù); D. 學會用祈使句來向?qū)Ψ教岢鼋ㄗh. 2) 語言技能:A. 學會用祈使句詢問某人是否有某物; B. 學會向他人提出建議的句子. 3) 學習策略:A.通過與同學討論,做出猜測;
本單元主要學習一周中星期一到星期天的表達方式;掌握學科的表達;學習用because和表示品質(zhì)的形容詞表示理由;學習what,why,who引導的特殊疑問句。本單元圍繞“談?wù)撟约核矚g的學科”這一話題,設(shè)計了三個任務(wù)型活動:任務(wù)一是:談?wù)撟约核矚g的學科,學習what引導的特殊疑問句和學科的表達;任務(wù)二是:一分鐘演講,讓學生介紹自己喜歡某一學科的理由,學習why等特殊疑問句;任務(wù)三是:寫信,鞏固和延伸所學知識,掌握星期的表達方式。單元知識系統(tǒng)(樹)What’s your/his/her favorite subject? My/His/Her favorite subject is English.Why do you like math. Because it’s interesting.Why does he/she like art? Because it’s fun.When do you have math? I have math 0n Monday,Wednesday and Friday.What’s Ken’s favorite subject? Science.單元總體目標通過本單元的學習使學生學會談?wù)撟约合埠玫膶W科或自己喜好的其它事情并給出理由;學會說出一周的七天;學會合理地安排自己的作息時間。
Teaching Goal:1. General aims:Talk about recent past events2. Particular aims:A. Language Focus.Talk about recent past events and think of the past events.B. Language goalsHow was….?It was …What did …do over the weekend?C. Language structures:(1). How was your weekend? I was great. Pay attention to no form.(2). What did you do over the weekend? I played soccer. We went to the beach.D. Useful words and phrases:Words: was, did, went, beach, over, project, test, wasn’t, false, number, geography, spend, week, most, mixture, their, had, little, cook, read, saw, change, everyone, sit, sat, no, anythingPhrases: did one’s homework, played soccer, cleaned my room, went to the beach, played tennis, went to the movies, on Saturday morning, over the weekend, cook … for, what about, do some reading, have a party, talk show, go shoppingE. Grammar language:Present simple past tenseRegular and irregular verbsF. Learning strategies:Tour and holidaysG. Interdiscipinary:H. Emotion and manner:Teaching time: 5 periodsTeaching procedures:Period One教學步驟、時間 教師活動 學生活動 媒體應(yīng)用Step 1Free talk 3’ Ask some questions like:Who’s on duty today?What’s the weather like? Answer and talk about something.讓同學們回答下列問題1. Do you like weekend? (Let some students answer)It takes them three minutes to talk about the question.2. Why do you like weekend? (let the students answer) Most of the students like the weekend此時教師用漢語問:“在周末期間問你干了什么?這句話用英語這么回答?Let the students guess.At last the teacher give them right answer3. What did you do over the weekend?(板書、學習)
Period 2 (3a----Section B 2c)Preview(Pre-task): Key points: What laAdd another information about their pen pals----their language on the cardnguage does she/he speak?She/He speaks....Does she/he have any brothers and sisters? Does she/he speak English?Preview(Pre-task): Add another information about their pen pals----their language on the cardKey points: What language does she/he speak?She/He speaks....Does she/he have any brothers and sisters? Does she/he speak English?Step 1 Revision1.Revisionand dictation of the new words 2.Revise the drills they learned yesterday.(by pairwork and grammar exercise)Step 2 Leading-inT has a conversation with one student. The conversation is following:---Do you have a pen pal?---Yes, I do.---What's your pen pal's name? ---His/Her name is....---Where is your pen pal from? ---He/She is from...---Where does he/she live? ---He/She lives in....---What language does he/she speak?He/She speaks...Write the new words on the Bb. They are following: EnglishChineseJapaneseFrenchStep 3 LearnLearn the new words with the whole class.Finish 3a with the students3b Pairwork T still does an example with one student Then the Ss practise in pairs. The example is following:--Curry Muray is my pen pal. He is from the United States.---What language does he speak?
三、教學建議第一課時:1. Lead in (Vocabulary)A) Before class, teacher should collect some pictures of working places. For example: Bank, TV Station, Restaurant, Police Station, Hospital ...B) In class, show students the pictures (PowerPoint, OHP). Ask students to tell the name of the working places and the name of the jobs.Shop assistant, doctor, actor, reporter, police office, waiter, bank clerk, studentC) Do exercise 1a and 3a.2. Bingo GameAsk groups of students to make up pairs of cards with a job on one and the related workplace on the other. For example, waiter / restaurant, teacher / school, doctor / hospital. Encourage students to use both the job / workplace combinations in the book and the ones that students came up during class discussions. Be sure they have twice as many sets of cards as there are students in the group. They can make two sets of cards for a single job / workplace, if necessary. Then have each group mix up its set of cards and hand their cards out in random order. Each time a student gets a pair of cards that match, he or she can lay these cards down. The goal is to have no cards in your hand at the end.3. Task OneA) Ask students to work in pairs and ask the partner what does he / she want to be in the future.e. g. :What do you / does he / does she want to be?I want to be a.Why?Because it's (adj).B) Vocabulary: Section B, 1a4. Homework 1.2.
2.1Match the country with the language.Step II Reading3a? let the students read the letter fast and answer the questions.? Let the students ask more questions about the letter as possible as the can.Step III Writing3b.Step IV. Pairwork2cStep V Listening2a, 2bStep V. HomeworkExercises book(1) P3Exercises book (2) P3Period FourStep I . Dictate the words and sentences in Unit1.Step II. Self-checkStep III. Check the answers for Exercises book in the unit.Step IV. Home workRevise and preparation for unit 2.教學反思:通過本單元的學習,學生基本可以談?wù)撊藗兊膰?,居住城市及其所說的語言,通過書信方式去介紹自己并尋找筆友。但在涉及到國外的一些城市時,學生對這方面的知識相對欠缺,能介紹的城市并不多,也反應(yīng)出學生課前預習不充分,這跟學生學習條件也有關(guān),大多數(shù)學生無法通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)獲取所需信息。因此,在以后的教學中要多指導學生通過計算機網(wǎng)絡(luò)獲取信息,拓寬知識面。
單元整體說明(一)單元教材分析本單元的核心話題是描述動物和表達個人喜好,以及句式why do you like…? Because…。這也是本單元的教學重點。通過本單元的學習,學生應(yīng)能較流利地運用所學詞匯和句型描述動物,表達個人喜好。(二)單元知識結(jié)構(gòu)1.詞匯動物名稱 tiger, elephant, koala, dolphin, etc.詞匯描述性形容詞: smart, cute, ugly, clever, shy, etc.國家名: Australia, South Africa2.句型Why do you like koala hears? Because they are cute.Where are pandas from? They're from China.What animals do you like? I like dolphins.(三)單元整體目標1.Master the vocabulary2.Master and use: Why do you like koalas? Because they am cute.Where are pandas from? They're from China.What animals do you like? I like dolphins.(四)單元教學重難點一覽(五)單元學情分析學生此前已經(jīng)學過由why, where, what 引導的特殊疑問句句型,具有了學習本單元知識的認知前提。形形色色的動物能激發(fā)學生的好奇心,產(chǎn)生了解它們的欲望,這有利于本單元知識的教學和學生學習興趣的培養(yǎng)。
區(qū)分賓語從句、定于從句和狀語從句賓語從句和狀語從句,都叫做主從復合句。賓語從句主要是中考必考的,是初中階段必掌握的從句,賓語從句主要是掌握三要素,所謂賓語從句,就是賓語在主從復合句當中充當賓語的一個句子,叫做賓語從句。主句的謂語動詞是及物動詞,后面如果是詞或者是短語的話,是簡單句,如果是句子的話,肯定是賓語從句。I know that he good at English.就是賓語從句,三要素,一要素是要注意連詞,連詞一共學了三類連詞,一類連詞是that口語當中可以省略,就像剛才說的那一句,I hear he is good at English.還有疑問代詞、疑問副詞,how where when,疑問代詞、疑問副詞。還有一類連詞weather是否的意思,不是狀語從句當中的如果,這一定要和如果區(qū)分開,這是是否。I don't know if he interested at English。賓語從句要注意if是連詞。第二要素是語序,要用陳述舉語序。比如說你家有幾口人,我們都說How many people are there in you family?但是這是簡單句,一旦說成賓語從句,你可以告訴我你家有幾口人嗎?Could you tell me how many people there are in you family ?
Step Ⅱ Show the new words on the screen and teach the new words. Read the new words to students and ask them to repeat.Step Ⅲ 3aThis activity introduces new vocabulary and provides reading practice using the target language.In this activity first look at the four pictures.T: What can you see in the pictures?Ss: Four snow globes.T: Right. There are four snow globes in the pictures. And what are they?Ss: They are a monster, two polar bears, two penguins and a birthday cake.Write these words on the blackboard: snow globe; monster; polar bear; penguin and birthday cake. Read them to the class and ask students to repeat each one. Make sure students understand each word.Use a computer to show the E-mail message on the screen and read the message to students.Get students to read the e-mail on their own, and then draw lines connecting each snow globe and its description.Correct the answers.AnswersA line should connect each snow globe picture with the words that describe it in the letter.Step Ⅳ 3bThis activity provides writing practice using the target language.First review Activity 2a on Page 47.Then ask students to complete the message according to Activity 2a.Some partial sentences are given to students. Write about one person's collection.When students work, walk around the room checking the progress and offering help as needed.When they finish, ask some students to read their messages to the class.
Step 1 Greeting Greet the class and check the homeworkStep 2 A duty report The S on duty gives a report on the rules in his home and lead in 3a “Sun Fei’s and Wu Yu’s rules” Step 3 ReadingSs read the conversation and write the two girls’ rules in the chart. Check the answers.Get Ss to read after the tape and then read aloud by themselves. Then, T explains the language points.Step 4 Pairwork 3bRole play. Use the information in chart to practice with the conversation in 3a covered. They can look at the sample conversation in the right box.Step 5 Task 2 “Who’s the best reporter?”Make a survey by asking any 5 students the questions in the chart in activity 4. Then give out a report about it. See who is the best reporter? And the best reporter will get a nice ball-pen.Step 6 Summary and homework:Write out the report in your exercise-books.Period ThreeStep 1 Greeting and a duty reportThe S gives a duty report talking about his experience of being late for school. Lead in the question “Do you ever get to school late? How often do you get to school late? Always, usually, sometimes, or never?Step 2 1a Get Ss to finish writing.Step 3 Pairwork 1b Get Ss to talk about their answers with their partners using the sample conversation in the box on the right.Step 4 Listening practice2a Lead-in: What will happen if you get to school late? What about Peter? Let’s listen to a conversation between Peter and his father. Get Ss to finish 2a (As usual, for the first time, Ss only listen.) Check the answers.
教學目標:1.知道二次函數(shù)與一元二次方程的聯(lián)系,提高綜合解決問題的能力.2.會求拋物線與坐標軸交點坐標,會結(jié)合函數(shù)圖象求方程的根.教學重點:二次函數(shù)與一元二次方程的聯(lián)系.預設(shè)難點:用二次函數(shù)與一元二次方程的關(guān)系綜合解題.☆ 預習導航 ☆一、鏈接:1.畫一次函數(shù)y=2x-3的圖象并回答下列問題(1)求直線y=2x-3與x軸的交點坐標; (2)解方程2x-3=0(3)說出直線y=2x-3與x軸交點的橫坐標和方程根的關(guān)系2.不解方程3x2-2x+4=0,此方程有 個根。二、導讀畫二次函數(shù)y= x2-5x+4的圖象1.觀察圖象,拋物線與x軸的交點坐標是什么?2.求一元二次方程x2-5x+4=0的解。3.拋物線與x軸交點的橫坐標與一元二次方程x2-5x+4=0的解有什么關(guān)系?(3)一元二次方程ax2+bx+c=0是二次函數(shù)y=ax2+bx+c當函數(shù)值y=0時的特殊情況.二次函數(shù)y=ax2+bx+c的圖象與x軸交點的橫坐標與一元二次方程ax2+bx+c=0的根有什么關(guān)系?
1.了解“兩點之間,線段最短”.2.能借助尺、規(guī)等工具比較兩條線段的大小,能用圓規(guī)作一條線段等于已知線段.3.了解線段的中點及線段的和、差、倍、分的意義,并能根據(jù)條件求出線段的長.一、情境導入愛護花草樹木是我們每個人都應(yīng)具備的優(yōu)秀品質(zhì).從教學樓到圖書館,總有少數(shù)同學不走人行道而橫穿草坪(如圖),同學們,你覺得這樣做對嗎?為了解釋這種現(xiàn)象,學習了下面的知識,你就會知道.二、合作探究探究點一:線段長度的計算【類型一】 根據(jù)線段的中點求線段的長如圖,若線段AB=20cm,點C是線段AB上一點,M、N分別是線段AC、BC的中點.(1)求線段MN的長;(2)根據(jù)(1)中的計算過程和結(jié)果,設(shè)AB=a,其它條件不變,你能猜出MN的長度嗎?請用簡潔的話表達你發(fā)現(xiàn)的規(guī)律.
【教學目標】1.經(jīng)歷從不同方向觀察物體的活動過程,發(fā)展空間觀念;能在與他人交流的過程中,合理清晰地表達自己的思維過程.2.在觀察的過程中,初步體會從不同方向觀察同一物體可能看到不同的圖形.3.能識別簡單物體的三視圖,會畫立方體及其簡單組合體的三視圖.【基礎(chǔ)知識精講】1.主視圖、左視圖、俯視圖的定義從不同方向觀察同一物體,從正面看到的圖叫主視圖,從左面看到的圖叫左視圖,從上面看到的圖叫做俯視圖.2.幾種幾何體的三視圖(1)正方體:三視圖都是正方形.圓錐的主視圖、左視圖都是三角形,而俯視圖的圖中有一個點表示圓錐的頂點,因為從上往下看圓錐時先看到圓錐的頂點,再看到底面的圓.3.如何畫三視圖 當用若干個小正方體搭成新的幾何體,如何畫這個新的幾何體的三視圖?
方法總結(jié):在分辨一個圖形是否為多邊形時,一定要抓住多邊形定義中的關(guān)鍵詞語,如“線段”“首尾順次連接”“封閉”“平面圖形”等.如此,對于某些似是而非的圖形,只要根據(jù)定義進行對照和分析,即可判定.探究點二:確定多邊形的對角線一個多邊形從一個頂點最多能引出2015條對角線,這個多邊形的邊數(shù)是()A.2015 B.2016 C.2017 D.2018解析:這個多邊形的邊數(shù)為2015+3=2018.故選D.方法總結(jié):過n邊形的一個頂點可以畫出(n-3)條對角線.本題只要逆向求解即可.探究點三:求扇形圓心角將一個圓分割成三個扇形,它們的圓心角的度數(shù)之比為2:3:4,求這三個扇形圓心角的度數(shù).解析:用扇形圓心角所對應(yīng)的比去乘360°即可求出相應(yīng)扇形圓心角的度數(shù).解:三個扇形的圓心角度數(shù)分別為:360°×22+3+4=80°;360°×32+3+4=120°;
探究點三:列一元一次方程解應(yīng)用題某單位計劃“五一”期間組織職工到東湖旅游,如果單獨租用40座的客車若干輛則剛好坐滿;如果租用50座的客車則可以少租一輛,并且有40個剩余座位.(1)該單位參加旅游的職工有多少人?(2)如同時租用這兩種客車若干輛,問有無可能使每輛車剛好坐滿?如有可能,兩種車各租多少輛?(此問可只寫結(jié)果,不寫分析過程)解析:(1)先設(shè)該單位參加旅游的職工有x人,利用人數(shù)不變,車的輛數(shù)相差1,可列出一元一次方程求解;(2)可根據(jù)租用兩種汽車時,利用假設(shè)一種車的數(shù)量,進而得出另一種車的數(shù)量求出即可.解:(1)設(shè)該單位參加旅游的職工有x人,由題意得方程x40-x+4050=1,解得x=360,答:該單位參加旅游的職工有360人;(2)有可能,因為租用4輛40座的客車、4輛50座的客車剛好可以坐360人,正好坐滿.方法總結(jié):解題關(guān)鍵是要讀懂題目的意思,根據(jù)題目給出的條件,找出合適的等量關(guān)系,列出方程再求解.
解析:當截面與軸截面平行時,得到的截面的形狀為長方形;當截面與軸截面斜交時,得到的截面的形狀是橢圓;當截面與軸截面垂直時,得到的截面的形狀是圓,所以截面的形狀不可能是三角形.故選A.方法總結(jié):用平面去截圓柱時,常見的截面有圓、橢圓、長方形、類似于梯形、類似于拱形等.探究點三:截圓錐問題一豎直平面經(jīng)過圓錐的頂點截圓錐,所得到的截面形狀與下圖中相同的是()解析:經(jīng)過圓錐頂點的平面與圓錐的側(cè)面和底面截得的都是一條線.如圖,由圖可知得到的截面是一個等腰三角形.故選B.方法總結(jié):用平面去截圓錐,截面的形狀可能是三角形、圓、橢圓等.三、板書設(shè)計教學過程中,強調(diào)學生自主探索和合作交流,經(jīng)歷操作、抽象、歸納、積累等思維過程,從中獲得數(shù)學知識與技能,發(fā)展空間觀念和動手操作能力,同時升華學生的情感態(tài)度和價值觀.