一、語文學習中學生自我評價能力的培養(yǎng)1.營造氛圍,培養(yǎng)學生自我評價的意識。學生自我評價能力是教師長期培養(yǎng)的結果,而保護學生自我評價的熱情,更是持續(xù)自我評價的保證。在我們的實際教育教學中,教師一直處于評價的絕對主體,很少去關注學生自我評價意識和能力的培養(yǎng),學生常常不理解:為什么要認真聽講?為什么書寫要工整、為什么發(fā)言要積極?為什么老師、父母對考試分數會有那么高的要求?當前出現(xiàn)的學生許多諸如“離家出走”、“毒殺親人”等教育、行為、品德方面的問題,我想其中除了家長、教師的評價意識和評價藝術等原因之外,學生的自我評價意識的缺乏是根本的原因。所以我認為,學生自我評價意識的培養(yǎng)刻不容緩。(1)熱情鼓勵,提供成功的心理體驗。在教學過程中,教師要善于發(fā)現(xiàn)、肯定學生自我評價的點滴進步,對于他們每一點進步都要真誠熱情地鼓勵。讓學生覺得我這么做,這么想是對的。讓學生在教師的鼓勵中體會到強烈的愛,感受到自己的進步,增強自己的信心?!靶娜粼?,夢就在!”教師的熱情鼓勵是一種強大的催化劑,促使學生在學習中樂于自我評價。
學生搜集中外重要節(jié)日及部分中外名人的生日所在的月份。教師準備相關節(jié)日及部分中外名人的圖片或音像資料片。教師課前準備Let’s find out2的配圖畫好春、夏、秋、冬四個方框。錄音:Listen and number。教學過程:Warm up (熱身)活動一復習單詞教學參考時間:3分鐘(1)教師播放Let’s chant部分的歌謠,學生聽一遍后跟唱。(2)出示帶有各個月份特征的單詞卡片。學生看圖說出單詞,并一起拼讀其縮寫形式。幫助學生在有節(jié)奏的說唱中鞏固記憶單詞,為在后面活動中學生能夠熟練應用作鋪墊?;顒佣?復習句子教學參考時間:5分鐘(1)師生同唱Let’s chant部分歌謠“When Is Your Birthday?”。(2)教師引導學生看歌謠下面的翻滾過山車的動畫,師生進行問答,如:When is the rabbit’s birthday? It’s in May. 等。教師示范后請學生進行Pair work,也可以展開競賽的形式進行“連鎖問答”。鞏固有關生日問答的語句,為Let’s find out1的活動做準備。
教學參考時間:2—3分鐘教師讓學生說出幾個家庭成員名稱,如:father, mother, sister, brother, uncle等,自己或讓學生把單詞寫在黑板的一側,再讓學生說出幾個動詞短語的-ing形式,如:washing clothes, writing an e-mail, watching TV等,寫到黑板的另一側。學生在家庭成員名稱和動詞短語中分別選三至四個,自己編成一首歌謠。課后,可以讓學生將創(chuàng)作的歌謠進行展示或舉行歌謠朗讀比賽。5、Consolidation and extension (擴展活動)活動十:知識擴展教學參考時間:1—2 分鐘教師讓學生打開書第54頁Good to know 部分,了解主要國家的緊急救助電話。如:美國,英國,加拿大,澳大利亞等。教師還幫助學生了解我國的緊急救助電話號碼。教師可以利用道具電話讓學生做游戲?;顒邮唬壕氁痪毥虒W參考時間:2—3 分鐘做本單元B Let’s talk部分的活動手冊第37頁的配套練習。教師講解題目要求。教師播放錄音,做Listen and number 部分練習。要求按所聽內容在圖上寫出序號。再次播放,讓學生按錄音內容填空。鼓勵學生自己讀讀所寫句子。
(1)Have you ever been to …? Yes, I have. / Yes, I have ever been to …No, I haven’t. / No, I have never been to …(2)When did you go there? I went there last year. (3)I have never been to a water park. Neither have I. I have ever been to an amusement park. So have I. (4)How long have you been studying English? I’ve been studying English since nine o’clock. I’ve been studying English since I came back home. I’ve been studying English for five hours. (5)What’s that? It’s an amusement park in Japan. I’ve never been to an amusement park like it before. It’s fun to learn another language. Let’s go tonight. Isn’t this great?space museum, amusement park, water park, South America, Peru, Holland, European culture, tour guide, flight attendant, musical instrument, more than, be from, get to, take lessons, neither, discover, graduate, change
說明:在幫Li Lei提建議的同時,教育學生如何學好英語。第三課時教學目標1. 語言目標:a) 詞匯: Original, in style, haircut, the same as.b) 語言結構:My friend wears the same clothes and has the same haircut as I do.2. 能力目標:大多數學生能夠談論自己喜歡哪種服裝,提高查找信息的能力。3. 情感目標:學會如何與朋友相處,要有自己對時尚的看法。教學重點掌握一些重要詞匯。教學難點學會談論問題,并能提出書面建議。◆教學突破首先針對Erin的問題,提出個人的建議,模仿2c部分的對話展開雙人交際Pair-work;聽老師誦讀3a部分的信件,并找出LEFT OUT的問題所在;學生完成3b部分的內容,給Left Out提出書面的建議;學以口頭形式提出自己目前存在的某個問題,講給大家聽,讓同學們給自己提出一個建議,并作筆錄;學生兩、三個人分成一組,隨意性地進行口語交際,談論P14的第4部分的某個問題,相互交換意見。
"Hello! Welcome to English class! Introduce yourself. Meet your new classmates." That's what the teacher says. What do you say? "Oh no!" It can be difficult talking to new people. But it can be fun, and you can make friends. How do you do it? Make small talk. Small talk is polite conversation. "Wang Nan is a great pingpang player, isn't she?" "I'd love to meet her, wouldn't you?" "It's been raining a lot, hasn't it?" Tag questions are a form of polite speech. To make small talk successfully, you should know how to make them. You should also know what topics to talk about. Try to learn this unit carefully. The next time you're in English class, you'll find out. Making small talk's easy, isn't it? (“你好!歡迎你!請做一下自我介紹。認識一下你的新同學?!蓖ǔT谡n上老師會這樣說。你會說什么呢?“噢,不!”與陌生人談話太困難了。但是這也很有意思,并且你還能交到朋友。你該怎么做呢?閑聊。閑聊指得是禮貌的對話?!巴蹰且粋€很棒的乒乓球運動員,不是嗎?”“我希望自己能認識她,你呢?“今年的雨水很多,不是嗎?”反意疑問句是一種禮貌用語。為了使得談話成功,你應該知道怎樣去進行閑聊。你還應該知道與不同的人該談論什么樣的話題。認真的學習這個單元吧,下次在英語課上,你會發(fā)現(xiàn)與大家展開談話是一件很容易的事情,不信我們來試試。)
(一).知識方面: 1.培養(yǎng)學生能運用過去進行時來描述、談論過去某個時間正在發(fā)生的事情或動作的意識和能力,能就過去某個時間正在發(fā)生的動作做出正確的描述。 2.培養(yǎng)學生的想象力和角色扮演的合作能力。 3.培養(yǎng)學生講述過去發(fā)生的事情經過的能力。能正確運用一般過去時來講述故事。 (二).技能方面: 1.本單元的語言目標是Talk about past events and tell a story(談論過去的時間和講述一個故事),圍繞這一目標,要涉及句型: What were you doing when the UFO arrived? ----I was sitting in the barber’s chair. The barber was cutting my hair. 因此必須學習standing、studying、cleaning、sleeping、cooking、making、eating、cutting、等表示地點的詞,以便為上述句型提供語言材料。2.學習過去進行時的有關知識。Was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞,是該時態(tài)的表達式。 3.在學習過程中,要區(qū)分The boy was walking down the street when the UFO landed.和While the boy was walking down the street, the UFO landed.這兩種由when和while引導的狀語從句的句型結構。注意它們的不同。
教學參考時間:5分鐘(1)教師課前在教室里藏好一些動物和人物的圖片。(2)給全班學生一分鐘時間尋找。(3)請找到圖片的學生根據圖片上的人物或動物正在做的動作表演對話?;顒悠撸翰乱徊陆虒W參考時間:5分鐘(1)教師一只手拿一張圖片,另一只手用白紙遮住圖片,一邊慢慢抽動白紙,一邊問:What are the…s doing? 學生用They are…猜圖片中的內容。(2)猜對的學生上臺主持游戲。(3)教師也可以在白紙上剪幾個圓洞蓋在圖片上,慢慢移動白紙的位置讓學生猜白紙下面圖片的內容。(4)也可以分組利用詞卡做該游戲。4、Consolidation and extension (鞏固與擴展)活動八:練一練教學參考時間:5分鐘(1)活動手冊Ask and write. 讓學生看一看兩個表格,找規(guī)律做問答,然后再把表格中所缺單詞寫出來。(2)活動手冊Let’s find out.讓學生仔細觀察兩幅圖找出不同的地方,并用英語表達出來?;顒泳牛盒〗Y教學參考時間:1分鐘本課我們學習了如何詢問他、她、它們正在做什么What are they doing? 及回答:They are…5、板書
學生初步了解對話內容,在描述中培養(yǎng)學生的語言運用能力。(2)教師讓學生自己閱讀本部分對話,不理解的生詞和句子可以和同學或老師共同商討。(3)教師幫助學生理解句子:“The weather report says it’s going to rain tomorrow. I can’t play football in the rain. I can’t go hiking, either. Let’s watch TV together.”出示圖片:1) 晴天,Zoom在踢足球,圖下顯示:today;2)天在下雨,Zoom和Zip在屋里看電視,圖下顯示:tomorrow。與學生展開對話T:What’s the weather like today? S:It’s fine/ sunny. T:What does the weather report say about tomorrow?S:It’s going to rain.T:The weather report says it’s going to rain tomorrow.(呈現(xiàn)句子)(學生重復句子The weather report says it’s going to rain tomorrow.,并說出意思。)T:Can you play football in the rain?S:No,I can’t.T:Can you go hiking ?S:No,I can’t.T:In the rain, we can’t play football. We can’t go hiking, either. (呈現(xiàn):either)學生跟讀either,感悟單詞的用法,教師講解意思:(不......),也不...啟發(fā)學生用either說兩句話:In the rain, I can’t ... I can’t ..., either,從而在應用中鞏固單詞的讀音和用法。
區(qū)分賓語從句、定于從句和狀語從句賓語從句和狀語從句,都叫做主從復合句。賓語從句主要是中考必考的,是初中階段必掌握的從句,賓語從句主要是掌握三要素,所謂賓語從句,就是賓語在主從復合句當中充當賓語的一個句子,叫做賓語從句。主句的謂語動詞是及物動詞,后面如果是詞或者是短語的話,是簡單句,如果是句子的話,肯定是賓語從句。I know that he good at English.就是賓語從句,三要素,一要素是要注意連詞,連詞一共學了三類連詞,一類連詞是that口語當中可以省略,就像剛才說的那一句,I hear he is good at English.還有疑問代詞、疑問副詞,how where when,疑問代詞、疑問副詞。還有一類連詞weather是否的意思,不是狀語從句當中的如果,這一定要和如果區(qū)分開,這是是否。I don't know if he interested at English。賓語從句要注意if是連詞。第二要素是語序,要用陳述舉語序。比如說你家有幾口人,我們都說How many people are there in you family?但是這是簡單句,一旦說成賓語從句,你可以告訴我你家有幾口人嗎?Could you tell me how many people there are in you family ?
This activity introduces some new vocabulary and provide oral practice using the target language.Task 1 . Ask four students to stand in front of the class, and the teacher asks them the following questions as a reporter.1.What are you going to do when you grow up?2.What are you going to do next week?3.What are going to do after school?The students will give different answers, then ask a good student to report what they said.I am going to e a doctor.What did she say?----------She said she was going to be a doctor.I am going to have a party on Friday night.What did he say?-------He said he was going to have a party on Friday night.I am going to do my homework.What did she say ?------ She said she was going to do her homework.I am going home after school.What did she say?-----She said she was going home after school.Say In this unit we are going to learn to use words like to report what someone said.Task 2. Read the instructions. Then ask a student to read the four questions. And write the words on the Bb. Explain what soap opera is.Task 3. Ask the students to Look at the pictures, point out the TV screens in the picture. Ask one girl to read what Marcia said.What did Marcia say? She said She said she was having a surprise party for Lana on Friday night. Repeat the other pictures in the same way.Activity3. Listen and number the pictures in activity 1a.
Step Ⅱ Show the new words on the screen and teach the new words. Read the new words to students and ask them to repeat.Step Ⅲ 3aThis activity introduces new vocabulary and provides reading practice using the target language.In this activity first look at the four pictures.T: What can you see in the pictures?Ss: Four snow globes.T: Right. There are four snow globes in the pictures. And what are they?Ss: They are a monster, two polar bears, two penguins and a birthday cake.Write these words on the blackboard: snow globe; monster; polar bear; penguin and birthday cake. Read them to the class and ask students to repeat each one. Make sure students understand each word.Use a computer to show the E-mail message on the screen and read the message to students.Get students to read the e-mail on their own, and then draw lines connecting each snow globe and its description.Correct the answers.AnswersA line should connect each snow globe picture with the words that describe it in the letter.Step Ⅳ 3bThis activity provides writing practice using the target language.First review Activity 2a on Page 47.Then ask students to complete the message according to Activity 2a.Some partial sentences are given to students. Write about one person's collection.When students work, walk around the room checking the progress and offering help as needed.When they finish, ask some students to read their messages to the class.
教師帶領學生復習有關描述寵物的詞匯,采用教師提問學生回答的方進行。如:T:What animals do you think would be good pets?What animals do you think would be bad pets?What do you think are good animals for a six-year-old child?然后學生進行 pairwork 練習。Task two: 師生互動,學習探究 1、播放3a部分的錄音,引導學生一邊聽錄音,一邊跟讀。2、通過聽錄音學生回答以下問題:Why do you think pot-bellied pigs are popular?What are the advantages and disadvantages of keeping such a pet?教師對學生的回答進行及時點評。3.學習范文,學習重點短語,為下步的模仿寫作提供語言素材。T :1. )Have you ever kept a pig as a pet?Do you like pigs? St.:No.…Why don’t you like to keep a pig? St: No.They’re too dirty and lazy(Do you know in some foreign countries like Hollyland, Australia,pigs are the most popular pet.there’s a kind of pig.(圖)it has an interesting name? it ‘s called a pot-bellied pig.) Now,let’s learn an article about this kind of interesting pet.2.)play the tapeSt.:Listen and repeat3.)show some Qs on computer(本子St.: read silently,then answerthe Qs(本子)4.)Ask ss. Close book and retell this passage.(what is a pot-bellied pig? Is it a good or bad pet? ) St.: retell it to each other“A pot –bellied pig is a popular pet now…”5.read the article together.St.:.practice reading
Step 4. Group work (4)1. Ask a pair of students to read the dialogue. Say, This activity provides speaking, listening and writing practice using the target language.2. Ask students to complete the work in groups.3. Check the answers with the whole class. 4. Explain some of the language points. Step 5. Word review (Self check 1)1. Ask students to read the words and the phrases given. 2. Fill in the blanks with proper forms of these words to complete the sentences. 3. Check the answers with the whole class. Homework:Do activity 2 on page 57 after class. Period 6Teaching aims: 1. Teach vocabulary words and the useful expressions. 2. Enable the students to learn etiquette in different culture. 3. Help the students learn how to behave politely in public places and in daily life. Teaching procedures:Step 1. RevisionHelp students to review the function of making requests through a free talk. Then lead them to the topic of etiquette. Explain the meaning of etiquette. Or, ask students to look it up in the dictionary. Step 2. Pre-reading (Section 1)1. Ask students to read the picture and make a list with their partner about how many rules of etiquette can be seen being broken.
三、利用乘法口訣進行計算1.復習口訣的含義。任意挑出一句乘法口訣(兩個因數不同的),讓學生說說它表示什么意思。如"七八五十六",使學生知道它既表示8個7相加是56,又表示?個8相加是56。2.以游戲的方式開展用口訣進行計算的活動。(1)已知兩個因數求積的游戲。方法是:請一位學生隨意說出一個兩位數,另一位學生則將這個兩位數的十位數字與個位數字相乘,并算出結果,如果結果又是一個兩位數,再將這個兩位數的十位數字和個位數字相乘,直至結果是一位數或零。如,一位學生說:"79",另一位學生則口算:7X9=636X3=181X8=8;一位學生說:"58":另一位學生口算:5X8=404X0=0(告訴學生0和一個數相乘得零)一位學生報了3個數以后,互換角色進行。(2)已知積求兩個因數的游戲。
(6)交流。6的乘法口訣一共有幾句?口訣中的第一個數與算式中的第二個因數相同,表示什么?口訣中的第二個數與算式的第一個因數相同,表示什么?相鄰兩句口訣的積相差幾?哪幾句難記一些?你用什么方法記呢?怎樣記住"三六十八"、"四六二十四"兩句口訣?教師在學生發(fā)言的基礎上鼓勵學生大膽說、想出不同記口訣的方法。(7)應用"做一做"第1題(學生半獨立完成):①用6根小棒擺1個六邊形;②擺2個六邊形要用多少根小棒?你是怎樣想的?(想口訣"二六十二"。)③運用所學的口訣口答擺4個、6個、3個、5個六邊形所需要向小棒數。"做一做"第2題(獨立完成):①將第2題改為填空題,在圓圈內填寫正確的積;②口答得數,并說一說所用口訣。
教學目標:1.經歷由實物抽象出幾何體的過程,進一步發(fā)展空間觀念。2.會畫圓柱、圓錐、球的三視圖,體會這幾種幾何體與其視圖之間的相互轉化。3.會根據三視圖描述原幾何體。教學重點:掌握部分幾何體的三視圖的畫法,能根據三視圖描述原幾何體。教學難點:幾何體與視圖之間的相互轉化。培養(yǎng)空間想像觀念。課型:新授課教學方法:觀察實踐法教學過程設計一、實物觀察、空間想像設置:學生利用準備好的大小相同的正方形方塊,搭建一個立體圖形,讓同學們畫出三視圖。而后,再要求學生利用手中12塊正方形的方塊實物,搭建2個立體圖形,并畫出它們的三視圖。學生分小組合作交流、觀察、作圖。議一議1.圖5-14中物體的形狀分別可以看成什么樣的幾何體?從正面、側面、上面看這些幾何體,它們的形狀各是什么樣的?2.在圖5-15中找出圖5-14中各物體的主視圖。3.圖5-14中各物體的左視圖是什么?俯視圖呢?
同理,圖③中,三角形的三邊長分別為2,5,3;同理,圖④中,三角形的三邊長分別為2,5,13.∵21=22=105=2,∴圖②中的三角形與△ABC相似.方法總結:(1)各個圖形中的三角形均為格點三角形,可以根據勾股定理求出各邊的長,然后根據三角形三邊的長度是否成比例來判斷兩個三角形是否相似;(2)判斷三邊是否成比例,可以將三角形的三邊長按大小順序排列,然后分別計算他們對應邊的比,最后由比值是否相等來確定兩個三角形是否相似.三、板書設計相似三角形的判定定理3:三邊成比例的兩個三角形相似.從學生已學的知識入手,通過設置問題,引導學生進行計算、推理和歸納,提高分析問題和解決問題的能力.感受兩個三角形相似的判定定理3與全等三角形判定定理(SSS)的區(qū)別與聯(lián)系,體會事物間一般到特殊、特殊到一般的關系.讓學生經歷從實驗探究到歸納證明的過程,發(fā)展學生的合情推理能力,培養(yǎng)學生與他人交流、合作的意識和品質.
[想一想]同學們經歷了上述三種方法,你還能想出哪些測量旗桿高度的方法?你認為最優(yōu)化的方法是哪種?思路點拔:1、如果旗桿周圍有足夠地空地使旗桿在太陽光照射下影子都在平地上,并能測出影子的長度,那么,可以在平地垂直樹一根小棒,等到小棒的影子恰好等于棒高時,再量旗桿的影子,此時旗桿的影子長度就是這個旗桿的高度.2、可以采用立一個已知長度的參照物在旗桿旁照相后量出照片中旗桿與參照物的長度根據線段成比例來進行計算.3、拿一根知道長度的直棒,手臂伸直,不斷調整自己的位置,使直棒剛好完全擋住旗桿,量出此時人到旗桿的距離、人手臂的長度和棒長,就可以利用三角形相似來進行計算.等等.第四環(huán)節(jié) 課堂小結1、本節(jié)課你學到了哪些知識?2、在運用科學知識進行實踐過程中,你是否想到最優(yōu)的方法?3、在與同伴合作交流中,你對自己的表現(xiàn)滿意嗎?第五環(huán)節(jié) 布置作業(yè),反思提煉
證明:如圖,過點C作CF∥PD交AB于點F,則BPCP=BDDF,ADDF=AECE.∵AD=AE,∴DF=CE,∴BPCP=BDCE.方法總結:證明四條線段成比例時,如果圖形中有平行線,則可以直接應用平行線分線段成比例的基本事實以及推論得到相關比例式.如果圖中沒有平行線,則需構造輔助線創(chuàng)造平行條件,再應用平行線分線段成比例的基本事實及其推論得到相關比例式.三、板書設計平行線分線段成比例基本事實:兩條直線被一組平行線所截, 所得的對應線段成比例推論:平行于三角形一邊的直線與其他 兩邊相交,截得的對應線段成比例通過教學,培養(yǎng)學生的觀察、分析、概括能力,了解特殊與一般的辯證關系.再次鍛煉類比的數學思想,能把一個復雜的圖形分成幾個基本圖形,通過應用鍛煉識圖能力和推理論證能力.在探索過程中,積累數學活動的經驗,體驗探索結論的方法和過程,發(fā)展學生的合情推理能力和有條理的說理表達能力.