3.“法治素養(yǎng)”是現(xiàn)代公民應(yīng)該具備的核心素養(yǎng)。下面是小法家近期的行為表現(xiàn),其中體現(xiàn)“法治素養(yǎng)”的有 ( )①在2022年“兩會(huì)”期間,小法爸爸積極宣傳國(guó)家的法律法規(guī)②小法將看到的不文明行為拍成微視頻,未加處理就分享到朋友圈③市政府公開(kāi)征集2022年民生建設(shè)項(xiàng)目,小法和家人討論后,提出家庭意見(jiàn)④發(fā)現(xiàn)剛買(mǎi)的運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋有質(zhì)量問(wèn)題,小法和媽媽一起拿購(gòu)物憑證與商家協(xié)商解決 A.①②③ B.①②④ C.①③④ D.②③④4.開(kāi)學(xué)以來(lái),小法所在的學(xué)校以“全民守法,中學(xué)生在行動(dòng)”為主題開(kāi)展了模擬法庭、 法治情景劇等活動(dòng),這些活動(dòng)加深了學(xué)生對(duì)法律知識(shí)的理解。以下哪一項(xiàng)是中學(xué)生能夠做到的 ( )A.使每部法律法規(guī)都得到嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行 B.認(rèn)真學(xué)法、 自覺(jué)守法、依法維權(quán)C.法定職責(zé)必須為,法無(wú)授權(quán)不可為 D.主動(dòng)調(diào)解民事糾紛,維護(hù)公平正義5. 下面是小法同學(xué)在道德與法治課堂上的一段分享,從中可以看出 ( )我的分享:在《中華人民共和國(guó)未成年人保護(hù)法 (修訂草案) 》向社會(huì)征求意見(jiàn)時(shí),我 們通過(guò)調(diào)研, 以 自己的視角和方式提出修改意見(jiàn),其中有一條修改意見(jiàn)被采納, 還收到了全國(guó)人大常委會(huì)法制工作委員會(huì)的感謝信,我們既興奮又自豪。
二、學(xué)情分析:學(xué)生目前對(duì)形變和彈力有一定的感性認(rèn)識(shí)但是不夠深入;知道支持力、壓力都是彈力,但是不能夠概括產(chǎn)生的原因。理性思維還沒(méi)有達(dá)到一定的層次,要想理解彈力這一抽象概念還有一定困難。因此我采取引導(dǎo)、啟發(fā)的教學(xué)方式。
四、說(shuō)教法應(yīng)該充分利用歷史學(xué)科蘊(yùn)含豐富圖片、史料資料的特點(diǎn),采用多媒體教學(xué)手段,創(chuàng)設(shè)含有真實(shí)事件或真實(shí)問(wèn)題的情境,讓學(xué)生在探究事件或解決問(wèn)題的過(guò)程中,自主地理解知識(shí),使教學(xué)過(guò)程成為一個(gè)動(dòng)態(tài)的、有機(jī)的整體。使學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程成為“感知-理解-運(yùn)用”的過(guò)程,更是掌握方法、積累經(jīng)驗(yàn)、發(fā)展能力、生成情感的過(guò)程。五、說(shuō)教學(xué)過(guò)程1.新課導(dǎo)入帶領(lǐng)同學(xué)們回顧一下第2、3課學(xué)習(xí)的內(nèi)容,因?yàn)橹v的是專(zhuān)制主義中央集權(quán)的建立,講的是專(zhuān)制主義中央集權(quán)的發(fā)展,對(duì)這兩節(jié)課內(nèi)容的復(fù)習(xí)將專(zhuān)制主義中央集權(quán)的發(fā)發(fā)展脈絡(luò)完整的呈現(xiàn)在學(xué)生面前。接下來(lái)就通過(guò)對(duì)胡惟庸案的講解導(dǎo)入本節(jié)課的內(nèi)容。2.問(wèn)題探究,突破重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)導(dǎo)入新課后,通過(guò)多媒體課件給學(xué)生們展示一段朱元璋大肆殺戮功臣的資料,提示學(xué)生大肆殺戮功臣是朱元璋加強(qiáng)中央集權(quán)的措施之一,接著引導(dǎo)學(xué)生看課本提問(wèn)他們朱元璋為了加強(qiáng)中央集權(quán)還采取了哪些措施,從而得出明代加強(qiáng)中央集權(quán)的措施。
四、說(shuō)教學(xué)過(guò)程:1、導(dǎo)入新課:以視頻形式導(dǎo)入新課,說(shuō)明環(huán)境問(wèn)題產(chǎn)生原因,引出人地關(guān)系的重要性2、新課講授:學(xué)習(xí)主題一:過(guò)去——人地關(guān)系的歷史回顧以動(dòng)畫(huà)形式展現(xiàn)人地關(guān)系思想的發(fā)展,激發(fā)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)本專(zhuān)題的興趣,歸納人與自然關(guān)系的演變過(guò)程。學(xué)習(xí)主題二:現(xiàn)狀——直面環(huán)境問(wèn)題以人類(lèi)與環(huán)境關(guān)系模式圖說(shuō)明環(huán)境問(wèn)題產(chǎn)生的原因,人地關(guān)系實(shí)質(zhì);以因果聯(lián)系框圖培養(yǎng)學(xué)生判讀方法,了解人口、資源與環(huán)境三者之間的關(guān)系;通過(guò)閱讀課文,了解環(huán)境問(wèn)題的類(lèi)型及其空間差異的表現(xiàn);以圖表了解不同國(guó)家和地區(qū)環(huán)境問(wèn)題在空間軸上的表現(xiàn);以《京都議定書(shū)》為引子說(shuō)明保護(hù)環(huán)境是全人類(lèi)的共同使命學(xué)習(xí)主題三:未來(lái)——可持續(xù)發(fā)展展示“可持續(xù)發(fā)展示意圖”理解可持續(xù)發(fā)展內(nèi)涵、原則
一、說(shuō)教材(一)教材分析本課所介紹的新文化運(yùn)動(dòng),是繼上一節(jié)所學(xué)的《西學(xué)東漸和維新變法思想》之后中國(guó)另一波影響巨大的思想解放潮流,旨在向西方學(xué)習(xí)、尋求強(qiáng)國(guó)御侮之道。在整個(gè)知識(shí)體系中,它既是資產(chǎn)階級(jí)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的舊民主主義革命的補(bǔ)課,又是無(wú)產(chǎn)階級(jí)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的新民主主義革命的序曲。它所帶來(lái)的思想的空前解放,也就為馬克思主義的傳播創(chuàng)造了條件,為中共的成立奠定基礎(chǔ)。這一課的學(xué)習(xí)能讓學(xué)生清晰認(rèn)識(shí)新文化運(yùn)動(dòng)和馬克思主義在近代中國(guó)思想解放歷程中的重要作用和巨大影響。與必修一和必修二政治經(jīng)濟(jì)史的結(jié)合也能讓使學(xué)生強(qiáng)化歷史聯(lián)系。新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)對(duì)本課就做了明確的規(guī)定:1、概述新文化運(yùn)動(dòng)的主要內(nèi)容,探討其對(duì)近代中國(guó)思想解放的影響。2、簡(jiǎn)述馬克思主義在中國(guó)傳播的史實(shí),認(rèn)識(shí)馬克思主義對(duì)中國(guó)歷史發(fā)展的重大意義。根據(jù)課標(biāo)要求,我制定了以下具體的三維目標(biāo)。
Step 4 PracticeRead the conversation. Find out which words have been left out.Justin: Linlin, I’m going to Guizhou Province next month. I’m super excited! Any recommendations for places to visit?Linlin: Wow, cool! Guizhou is a province with a lot of cultural diversity. Places to visit...well, definitely the Huangguoshu Waterfall first.Justin: What’s special about the waterfall?Linlin: Well, have you ever heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West ?Justin: Yes, I have. Why ?Linlin: In the back of the waterfall, you will find a cave, which is the home of the Monkey King.Justin: Really? Cool! I’ll definitely check it out.Linlin:And I strongly recommend the ethnic minority villages. You’ll find Chinese culture is much more diverse than you thought.Justin:Sounds great, thanks.Answers:Justin: Linlin, I’m going to Guizhou Province next month. I’m super excited! Do you have any recommendations for places to visit?Linlin: Wow, that’s cool! Guizhou is a province with a lot of cultural diversity. What are some places to visit in Guizhou ? Well, definitely the Huangguoshu Waterfall is the first place to visit in Guizhou Province.Justin: What’s special about the waterfall?Linlin: Well, have you ever heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West ?Justin: Yes, I have heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West . Why do you ask if I have heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West?Linlin: In the back of the waterfall, you will find a cave, which is the home of the Monkey King from Journey to the West.Justin: That’s really true? It’s Cool! I’ll definitely check it out.Linlin:And I strongly recommend the ethnic minority villages on your trip to Guizhou Province. You’ll find Chinese culture is much more diverse than you thought it was.Justin:This all sounds great, thanks.
The topic of this part is “Describe a place with distinctive cultural identity”.This section focuses on Chinese culture by introducing Chinatown, whose purpose is to show the relationship between the Chinese culture and American culture. The Chinese culture in Chinatown is an important part of American culture. Chinatown is an important window of spreading Chinese culture and the spirit homeland of oversea Chinese, where foreigners can experience Chinese culture by themselves.Concretely, the title is “Welcome to Chinatown!”, from which we can know that the article aims at introducing Chinatown. The author used the “Introduction--Body Paragraph--Conclusion” to describe the people, language, architecture, business, famous food and drinks and people’s activities, which can be a centre for Chinese culture and shows its unique charm.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information.2. Learn the characteristics of writing and language.3. Learn to introduce your own town according to the text.4. Learn to correct others’ writing.1. Learn the characteristics of writing and language.2. Learn to introduce your own town according to the text.Step 1 Lead in ---Small talkIn the reading part, we mentioned the Chinatown of San Francisco. How much do you know about Chinatown of San Francisco ?Chinatown is a main living place for Chinese immigrants, where you can see many Chinese-style buildings, costumes, operas, restaurants, music and even hear Chinese.Step 2 Before reading ---Predict the contentWhat is the writer’s purpose of writing this text ? How do you know ?From the title(Welcome to Chinatown) and some key words from the text(tourist, visit, visitors, experience), we can know the purpose of the text is to introduce Chinatown and show the relationship between Chinese culture and American culture.
1. In Picture 1 and Picture 2, where do you think they are from? How do you know?From their wearings, we can know they are from ethnic minority of China--- Miao and Dong.Picture 1, they are playing their traditional instrument lusheng in their traditional costumes.Picture 2. the girls are Miao because they wear their traditional costumes and silver accessory.2. In Picture 3, can you find which village it is? What time is it in the picture?It is Dong village. It is at night. Step 2 While-listeningJustin met a new friend while traveling in Guizhou. Listen to their conversation and complete the summaries below.Part 1Justin and Wu Yue watched some Miao people play the lusheng. The instrument has a history of over 3,000 years and it is even mentioned in the oldest collection of Chinese poetry. Then they watched the lusheng dance. Justin wanted to buy some hand-made silver/traditional accessories as souvenirs. He was told that the price will depend on the percentage of silver. Part 2They will go to a pretty Dong minority village called Zhaoxing. they will see the drum towers and the wind and rain bridges. They may also see a performance of the Grand Song of the Dong people.Step 3 Post-listening---TalkingWork in groups. Imagine Justin is telling some friends about his trip to Guizhou. One of you is Justin and the rest of you are his friends. Ask Justin questions about his trip and experience. The following expressions may help you.
Discuss these questions in groups.Q1: Have you ever been to a place that has a diverse culture ? What do you think about the culture diversity ?One culturally diverse place that I have been to is Harbin, the capital city of Heilongjiang Province. I went there last year with my family to see the Ice and Snow Festival, and I was amazed at how the culture as different to most other Chinese cities. There is a big Russian influence there, with beautiful Russian architecture and lots of interesting restaurants. I learnt that Harbin is called “the Oriental Moscow” and that many Russians settled there to help build the railway over 100 years ago.Q2: What are the benefits and challenges of cultural diversity ?The benefits: People are able to experience a wide variety of cultures, making their lives more interesting, and it can deepen the feelings for our national culture, it is also helpful for us to learn about other outstanding culture, which helps improve the ability to respect others. The challenges: People may have trouble communicating or understanding each other, and it may lead to disappearance of some civilizations and even make some people think “The western moon is rounder than his own.”Step 7 Post reading---RetellComplete the passage according to the text.Today, I arrived back in San Francisco, and it feels good (1) _____(be) back in the city again. The city succeeded in (2)_________ (rebuild) itself after the earthquake that (3)________ (occur) in 1906, and I stayed in the Mission District, enjoying some delicious noodles mixed with cultures. In the afternoon, I headed to a local museum (4)____ showed the historical changes in California. During the gold rush, many Chinese arrived, and some opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown to earn a (5)_____ (live). Many others worked on (6)______ (farm), joined the gold rush, or went to build the railway that connected California to the east. The museum showed us (7)____ America was built by immigrants from (8)________ (difference) countries and cultures. In the evening, I went to Chinatown, and ate in a Cantonese restaurant that served food on (9)________(beauty) china plates. Tomorrow evening, I’m going to (10)__ jazz bar in the Richmond District. 答案:1. to be 2. rebuilding 3. occurred 4. that 5.living6. farms 7.how 8. different 9. beautiful 10. a
基本上持否定態(tài)度的:美國(guó)特拉華州的代表馬丁?路德在制憲會(huì)議上評(píng)論道:“一個(gè)向上帝要求賦予自由的民族,沒(méi)有邁出同時(shí)給予非洲人自由的第一步是不應(yīng)該的”。革命導(dǎo)師恩格斯說(shuō):“可以表明這種人權(quán)的特殊資產(chǎn)階級(jí)性質(zhì)的是美國(guó)憲法,它最先承認(rèn)了人權(quán),同時(shí)確認(rèn)了存在于美國(guó)的有色人種奴隸制”。這是一道開(kāi)放性題目,選自課后“百家爭(zhēng)鳴”,要求學(xué)生結(jié)合以上材料和課上學(xué)習(xí)的知識(shí)進(jìn)行思考,在小組討論、代表發(fā)言的基礎(chǔ)上,教師加以引導(dǎo),并表達(dá)自己觀點(diǎn),之后展示師生共同交流成果。(幻燈片)這一環(huán)節(jié)的設(shè)計(jì),一方面培養(yǎng)學(xué)生通過(guò)閱讀材料獲取信息和運(yùn)用所學(xué)知識(shí)分析問(wèn)題的能力,使學(xué)生初步掌握評(píng)價(jià)文獻(xiàn)的基本方法,另一方面將課后作業(yè)引入課堂教學(xué),既使課程資源得以整合又減輕了學(xué)生的課下學(xué)習(xí)負(fù)擔(dān),也體現(xiàn)了“用教材”而不是“教教材”。
說(shuō)教材(一)、本課在教材中的地位:教材在第3單元介紹了古代中國(guó)科技的輝煌。第四單元介紹世界近代科技成就,本課主要介紹了現(xiàn)代中國(guó)的科技成就。通過(guò)對(duì)本課的學(xué)習(xí),有利于學(xué)生感受中國(guó)科技古代輝煌、近代落后、現(xiàn)代又取得很大成就這一重要?dú)v程,因此本課在教材中具有重要作用。(二)教學(xué)內(nèi)容分析和課標(biāo)要求:本課主要介紹新中國(guó)成立以來(lái)我國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)成就及作用。從核研究、航空技術(shù)、農(nóng)業(yè)新品種研究、計(jì)算機(jī)應(yīng)用、生物技術(shù)五方面介紹了新中國(guó)成立以來(lái)取得的舉世矚目的成就。課標(biāo)對(duì)這部分知識(shí)作了如下的要求:列舉新中國(guó)成立以來(lái)科技發(fā)展的主要成績(jī),認(rèn)識(shí)科技進(jìn)步在現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)中的重大作用。根據(jù)以上對(duì)教材內(nèi)容的分析和課標(biāo)要求,我將本課的三維目標(biāo)確定如下:(三)、教學(xué)目標(biāo)1、知識(shí)與能力:識(shí)記建國(guó)后六十多年來(lái)所取得的科技成就;理解科學(xué)技術(shù)是生產(chǎn)力的論斷;探究科技的發(fā)展在現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)中的重要作用。
二、君主專(zhuān)制的演進(jìn)(即中央政治制度的演變)通過(guò)地方政治制度演變的學(xué)習(xí),掌握方法以后,以學(xué)生歸納整理基本線索為主,教師適當(dāng)點(diǎn)撥,注意糾錯(cuò)。1. 漢承秦制,又有所變化。教師點(diǎn)撥強(qiáng)調(diào)繼承與發(fā)展兩個(gè)方面。創(chuàng)設(shè)情景:同學(xué)們看了電視連續(xù)劇《漢武大帝》后,知道漢武帝劉徹在繼位之后,就急于對(duì)西漢王朝的政治制度進(jìn)行改革。那么,西漢初期中央政治制度的基本框架是怎樣的呢?漢武帝為什么要對(duì)它進(jìn)行改革呢?改革后的西漢中央集權(quán)制度又是怎樣的呢?請(qǐng)大家議一議,想一想。主干知識(shí):西漢初期的中央政治制度的最大特點(diǎn)是“漢承秦制”。具體表現(xiàn)在兩個(gè)方面:一是繼續(xù)實(shí)行皇帝制度,維護(hù)皇權(quán),這一做法也為后來(lái)各王朝所沿用;二是在中央設(shè)立三公,分別掌管行政、監(jiān)察和軍事。到漢武帝時(shí),“中朝”成為西漢重要的中央決策機(jī)構(gòu),尚書(shū)令的權(quán)力日益重要,以丞相為首的三公九卿的權(quán)力被削弱,演化為執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)。到了東漢光武帝時(shí),進(jìn)一步剝奪三公權(quán)限,擴(kuò)大尚書(shū)的權(quán)力。
(4)評(píng)價(jià)民主通過(guò)對(duì)雅典公民享有充分的言論自由的介紹及展示伯利克里的講話、陶片放逐法,使學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)到,雅典的民主在統(tǒng)治階級(jí)內(nèi)部已經(jīng)達(dá)到了非常高的層次,并促進(jìn)了希臘人完整人格的形成。通過(guò)伯利克里講話、圖片、文字分別講述希臘人重責(zé)任感、渴求知識(shí)的民族性格,并請(qǐng)學(xué)生朗讀有關(guān)雅典人生活的有關(guān)文字,讓學(xué)生在閱讀中感情逐漸升溫,引發(fā)學(xué)生對(duì)民主的充分認(rèn)同及對(duì)雅典人重精神生活的無(wú)限神往。問(wèn)題設(shè)置:讓學(xué)生思考雅典民主政治對(duì)后世西方政治制度的重大影響。同時(shí)指出“民主是不可抗拒的歷史潮流!”讓學(xué)生在原有知識(shí)的基礎(chǔ)上認(rèn)識(shí)民主政治的必然性。用書(shū)中的兩段材料分析希臘民主政治的特征和實(shí)質(zhì),分析其影響。4.課堂小結(jié)對(duì)本課內(nèi)容進(jìn)行概括性的總結(jié)5.知能訓(xùn)練,運(yùn)用遷移體現(xiàn)一定的層次性,滿足不同層次學(xué)生的要求。6.布置作業(yè)撰寫(xiě)歷史論文首先布置論文范圍、主題;其次進(jìn)行舉例;最后提供相關(guān)查閱資料的網(wǎng)址。
1789年法國(guó)大革命后,共和派與君主派之間進(jìn)行了長(zhǎng)期反復(fù)的斗爭(zhēng),直到1875年法蘭西第三共和國(guó)憲法通過(guò)才最終確立了共和政體,它為法國(guó)資本主義的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展奠定了基礎(chǔ)。專(zhuān)制色彩濃厚的普魯士通過(guò)王朝戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)這種自上而下的形式,完成了德國(guó)的統(tǒng)一。1871年德意志帝國(guó)憲法頒布,德國(guó)君主立憲政體確立,保留了濃厚的專(zhuān)制殘余和軍國(guó)主義傳統(tǒng)。但資產(chǎn)階級(jí)代議制的建立使德國(guó)的資本主義工業(yè)迅速發(fā)展起來(lái),19世紀(jì)末躋身到世界強(qiáng)國(guó)行列。資本主義政治制度擴(kuò)展到了歐洲大陸,隨著這兩個(gè)國(guó)家資本主義政治制度的確立,近代西方主要資本主義政治制度得以最終確立。四、板書(shū)一、法國(guó)共和政體確立的艱難歷程1、艱難 (1)表現(xiàn) (2)原因2、確立標(biāo)志:法蘭西第三共和國(guó)憲法
(設(shè)計(jì)意圖: 通過(guò)這兩個(gè)問(wèn)題探究的形式可以了解學(xué)生對(duì)二、干旱為主的自然特征這一知識(shí)點(diǎn)的掌握情況,隨堂練習(xí)有利于鞏固強(qiáng)化學(xué)生的條例性知識(shí)。)三、荒漠化的成因1、自然因素:干旱、氣候異常2、人為因素:(是荒漠化發(fā)生、發(fā)展的決定因素)自然原因啟發(fā)學(xué)生利用已經(jīng)學(xué)過(guò)的知識(shí)(干旱為主的自然特征)和給出的PPT資料來(lái)進(jìn)行分析。人為原因以其危害結(jié)果用圖表和圖片的形式展示,使學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)到人為因素是導(dǎo)致荒漠化最主要的因素。(設(shè)計(jì)意圖:通過(guò)分析自然因素提供學(xué)生分析一區(qū)域環(huán)境建設(shè)的自然基礎(chǔ)條件,而這也是較難的一點(diǎn),再者,通過(guò)分析人為原因,是學(xué)生樹(shù)立區(qū)域生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)意識(shí)。)四、布置作業(yè):書(shū)本課本20—22的活動(dòng)—— 非洲薩赫勒地區(qū)荒漠化的自然、社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)
The topic of this part is “Write about your festival experience”.During the Listening and Speaking and Talking, students are just asked to say out their festival experiences such as the Spring Festival, Mid-autumn Day, but this part students will be asked to write down their own festival experiences. During the reading part, it introduces the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which can give students a good example to imitate. Students not only learn the festival, but touch and feel the Inner Mongolian’s character, the spirit and cultural atmosphere, which can help students form the cultural awareness and learn to enjoy and value the diversity of Chinese culture.Concretely, the dairy tells the experience that the author spent the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region with his/her friend. The structure is clear. In the opening paragraph, it introduces the topic of the Naadam Festival and the whole feeling. Then it introduces the items of the festival like the ceremony, wrestling and horse racing. Finally, it summarizes this experience. Because this part is a travel journal, we must guide students pay more attention to these details: 1. use the first person. 2. use the past tense to tell the past thing and use the present or future tense to describe the scenery. 3. use the timeline to tell the development. 4. be careful for the author’s psychology, emotion and feeling, etc.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information about Naadam Festival.2. Learn the structure of the reading article and language.3. Write an article about a festival experience4. Learn to use the psychology, emotions and feeling in the writing.1. Write an article about a festival experience.2. Use the structure of the reading article and language.
Step 3 Analyzing article structureActivity 31. Teachers raise questions to guide students to analyze the chapter structure of this diary and think about how to describe the festival experience. (1)What should be included in the opening/body/closing paragraph(s)?(2)How did the writer arrange his/her ideas?(3)What kind of interesting details did the writer describe?(4)How did the writer describe his/her feelings/emotions during the event?2. Students read and compare the three sentence patterns in activity 2. Try to rewrite the first paragraph of the diary with these three sentence patterns. After that, students exchange corrections with their partners. Such as:●This was my first time spending three days experiencing the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and it was an enjoyable and exciting experience. ●I'll never forget my experience at the Naadam Festival because it was my first time to watch the exciting Mongolian games of horse racing, wrestling, and archery so closely. ●I'll always remember my first experience at the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region because it was so amazing to spend three days witnessing a grand Mongolian ceremony. Step 4 Accumulation of statementsActivity 41. Ask the students to read the diary again. Look for sentences that express feelings and emotions, especially those with the -ing form and the past participle. Such as:● …h(huán)orse racing, wrestling, and archery, which are all so exciting to watch. ● some amazing performances● I was surprised to see…● I was a little worried about. . . ● feeling really tiredOther emotional statements:●I absolutely enjoyed the archery, too, but the horse races were my favourite part. ●I'm finally back home now, feeling really tired, but celebrating Naadam with my friend was totally worth it. ●He invited me back for the winter to stay in a traditional Mongolian tent and cat hot pot. I can’t wait!2. In addition to the use of the -ing form and the past participle, the teacher should guide the students in the appreciation of these statements, ask them to memorize them, and encourage them to use them reasonably in writing practice.
1. 表示時(shí)間。Hearing these stories, I’m skeptical about the place. = When I heard these stories. . . 2. 表示原因。Not knowing his address, I can’t send this book to him. = Because/Since/As I don’t know his address. . . 3. 表示結(jié)果。His father died, leaving him a lot of money. =. . . and left him a lot of money4. 表示條件。Going straight down the road, you will find the department store. = If you go straight down the road. . . 5. 表示讓步。Being tired, they went on working. =Although they were tired. . . 6. 表示行為方式、伴隨情況或補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time. =. . . and stared at the sky for a long time注意:非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí), 如所提供的動(dòng)詞不能和句子中的主語(yǔ)保持一致, 動(dòng)詞-ing形式必須有自己的邏輯主語(yǔ), 通常由名詞或代詞來(lái)?yè)?dān)任, 這就是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。The last bus having gone, we had to walk home. (having gone的邏輯主語(yǔ)是the last bus, 而不是we)Weather permitting, the football match will be played on Friday. (permitting的邏輯主語(yǔ)是time, 而不是the football match)Step 7 Practice1. ________(study) hard, you are sure to get first prize. 2. People use plastic in their daily life, _______(leave) large amounts of waste. 3. ________(work) hard at your lessons, you are to succeed. 4. The old man, ____________(work) abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland. 5. ______________(finish) his homework, he was playing on the playground. Answers: 1. Studying 2. leaving 3. Working 4.having worked 5. Having finishedStep 8 HomeworkFinish the homework on Page 22.
The theme of the section is “Describe space facts and efforts to explore space”. Infinitives are one of non-finite verbs, as the subjects, objects, predicative, attributes and adverbials. This unit is about space exploration, which is a significant scientific activity, so every scientific activity has strong planning. Therefore, using the infinitives to show its purpose, explanations or restrictions is the best choice.1. Learn the structure, functions and features of infinitives.2. Learn to summarize some rules about infinitives to show purpose and modify.3. Learn to use infinitives in oral and writing English. 1. Learn the structure, functions and features of infinitives.2. Learn to summarize some rules about infinitives to show purpose and modify.3. Learn to use use infinitives in oral and writing English.Step 1 Lead in---Pair workLook at the following sentences and focus on the italicized infinitives. In pairs, discuss their functions. 1. I trained for a long time to fly airplanes as a fighter pilot..(作目的狀語(yǔ))2. As we all know, an astronaut needs to be healthy and calm in order to work in space..(作目的狀語(yǔ))3. First of all, you must be intelligent enough to get a related college degree..(作目的狀語(yǔ))4. Some scientist were determined to help humans realise their dream to explore space..(作定語(yǔ))5. On 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space..(作定語(yǔ))Summary:1. 不定式的結(jié)構(gòu):to+do原形。2. 分析上面的句子,我們知道在描述太空探索時(shí),動(dòng)詞不定式不僅可以用來(lái)表目的,還可以用來(lái)作定語(yǔ),表修飾。
The themes of this part are “Talk about how to become an astronaut” and “Talk about life in space”. As Neil Armstrong said “Mystery creates wonder and wonder is the basis of man’s desire to understand. Space is difficult for human to reach, therefore, humans are full of wonders about it. However, if wanting to achieve the dream of reaching the Moon, some of our human should work hard to be an astronaut at first. Part A(Talk about how to become an astronaut) is a radio interview in a radio studio, where the host asked the Chinese astronauts about his story how to become an astronaut. Yang Liwei told his dreamed to be an astronaut since childhood. Then he worked hard to get into college at 22. The next 10 years, he gradually became an experienced pilot. At the same time, to be an astronaut, he had to study hard English, science and astronomy and trained hard to keep in good physical and mental health and to practise using space equipment. Part B (Talk about life in space) is also an interview with the astronaut Brown, who is back on the earth. The host Max asked about his space life, such as his emotion about going back the earth, the eating, shower, brushing, hobbies and his work. Part A and Part B are interviews. So expressing curiosity about the guests’ past life is a communicative skill, which students should be guided to learn.1. Students can get detailed information about how Yang Liwei became an astronaut and Max’s space life.2. Students learn to proper listening strategy to get detailed information---listening for numbers and taking notes.3. Students can learn related sentences or phrases to express their curiosity like “ I wish to know...” “I’d love to know...”4. Students can learn more about the space and astronauts, even be interested in working hard to be an astronaut