(有的恒星旋轉(zhuǎn)平穩(wěn)均衡,有些恒星是因快速旋轉(zhuǎn)而變了形。作者以擬人的手法,生動(dòng)形象地描述,仿佛向我們展示了不同恒星的性情:有的穩(wěn)重沉靜,有的急切躁動(dòng)。讀來生動(dòng)有趣,妙趣橫生。)(3)我們探索宇宙的時(shí)候,既要勇于懷疑,又要富于想象。想象經(jīng)常能夠把我們帶領(lǐng)到嶄新的世界,沒有想象,我們就處處碰壁。懷疑可以使我們擺脫幻想,還可以檢驗(yàn)我們的推測(cè)。(對(duì)于未知領(lǐng)域的探索是需要懷疑和想象的,想象是科學(xué)的翅膀,敢于想象,并不斷地探索驗(yàn)證,所謂“大膽假設(shè),小心求證”懷疑否定舊知,產(chǎn)生新知。作者以簡(jiǎn)潔的語(yǔ)言闡述了想象和懷疑看似矛盾的兩者在宇宙探索中的相輔相成,和諧統(tǒng)一。作者不囿于介紹宇宙知識(shí),還發(fā)表自己的見解。)(4)我認(rèn)為宇宙里很可能到處都充滿著生命,只是我們?nèi)祟惿形窗l(fā)現(xiàn)而已。我們的探索才剛剛開始。
教師:不同的時(shí)代造就了不同風(fēng)格和不同精神內(nèi)容的詩(shī)詞,請(qǐng)同學(xué)們回顧必修一和必修二兩宋中央集權(quán)的加強(qiáng)和經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r。學(xué)生:回憶回答。教師:請(qǐng)同學(xué)們結(jié)合時(shí)代背景和詞的特點(diǎn)理解詞為什么能夠成為宋代文學(xué)的主流形式和標(biāo)志?學(xué)生:兩宋時(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)重心轉(zhuǎn)移到了南方,商業(yè)發(fā)展打破了時(shí)間和空間的限制,城市繁榮,市民數(shù)量不斷增加。詞的句子長(zhǎng)短不齊,便于抒發(fā)感情,并且能夠歌唱,更能適應(yīng)市井生活的需要。于是,詞成為宋代文學(xué)的主流形式和標(biāo)志。教師:宋代文人地位提高,宋詞就是一個(gè)個(gè)時(shí)代的畫卷:大宋的悲歡離合都寫在了里面。除了詞之外,宋代民間還興起了一種新的詩(shī)歌形式,即散曲。學(xué)生:回答散曲的發(fā)展階段及特點(diǎn)、元曲的含義、特點(diǎn)。教師:在中國(guó)古代詩(shī)歌輝煌發(fā)展的同時(shí),也產(chǎn)生了供人們閑來無事消遣的小說。
一、說教材《開辟新航路》是高中《歷史·必修二》第5課的內(nèi)容。從三個(gè)方面向?qū)W生介紹了歐洲人開辟新航路的歷史:即新航路開辟的原因和條件、新航路開辟經(jīng)過以及影響。前4課內(nèi)容介紹了古代中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)與特點(diǎn),從第5課開始學(xué)習(xí)資本主義世界市場(chǎng)的形成和發(fā)展。本課內(nèi)容相當(dāng)重要,上承古代中國(guó),下啟近代世界。新航路的開辟,打破了世界相對(duì)隔絕的狀態(tài),世界真正開始融合為一個(gè)整體。從此,以西歐為中心的世界市場(chǎng)的雛形開始出現(xiàn)。隨后的殖民擴(kuò)張,世界市場(chǎng)拓展;第一次工業(yè)革命,世界市場(chǎng)基本形成;第二次工業(yè)革命,世界市場(chǎng)發(fā)展。二、說目標(biāo)1、課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)概述迪亞士、哥倫布開辟新航路的史實(shí),認(rèn)識(shí)地理大發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)世界市場(chǎng)形成的意義。2、三維目標(biāo)①知識(shí)與能力:掌握新航路開辟的原因、經(jīng)過、影響。②過程與方法:引導(dǎo)學(xué)生分析原因及影響,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生分析和歸納問題的能力。③情感態(tài)度與價(jià)值觀:A、通過對(duì)新航路開辟過程的學(xué)習(xí),使學(xué)生感受和學(xué)習(xí)探險(xiǎn)家們勇于進(jìn)取的開拓精神。B、通過學(xué)習(xí)新航路開辟的影響,使學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)新航路開辟促進(jìn)了人類社會(huì)的整體發(fā)展。
一. 教材分析1. 本單元的中心話題是“計(jì)算機(jī)(Computers)”,內(nèi)容涉及計(jì)算機(jī)的發(fā)展歷史,計(jì)算機(jī)的應(yīng)用等。本節(jié)課是該單元的第一課時(shí),我將Warming up, Pre-reading and Comprehending這四部分整合為一節(jié)精讀課。其中。Reading部分是題為WHO AM I?的文章,以第一人稱的擬人手法介紹了計(jì)算機(jī)發(fā)長(zhǎng)演變的歷史和計(jì)算機(jī)在各個(gè)領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用,其主旨是表達(dá)計(jì)算機(jī)的發(fā)展變化之快以及在生活中用途之廣。而Warming up部分以圖片的形式展現(xiàn)了計(jì)算機(jī)的發(fā)展歷程;Pre-reading中的問題和排序分別是為了預(yù)測(cè)語(yǔ)篇的內(nèi)容和測(cè)試學(xué)生對(duì)計(jì)算機(jī)歷史了解的情況;Comprehending則通過各項(xiàng)練習(xí)訓(xùn)練學(xué)生的閱讀技能,從而加深對(duì)文章的理解??梢娺@幾部分是一個(gè)有機(jī)的整體。2. 教學(xué)目標(biāo):1) 語(yǔ)言目標(biāo):重點(diǎn)詞匯及短語(yǔ):abacus, calculate, calculator, PC, laptop, PDA, robot, analytical, technological, universal, mathematical, artificial, intelligent, network, explore, in common, as a result.重點(diǎn)句子:a. My real father was Alan Turing, who in 1963 wrote a book to describe how computers could be made to work, and build a “universal machine” to solve any mathematical problem.
Then I would ask them to think of a funny English or Chinese and tell it to partners. While telling stories, they can use expressions and some acting to help make the story funny. 5 minutes would be given to do this.Those stories they told there will be the material for their writing. Soletting them tell it at first is helpful. And they can make a difference between telling a funny story and writing it down. Generally speaking, it is difficult forstudents to write well because they don’t know what to write and how to write. Asking them to tell their own stories at first can help them come up with what to write.After their telling, I would invite someone to share his/her story with all of us and I would write it down on the blackboard.This example story would be used as a sample to illustrate the format of funny story. Different from a story from teacher or textbook, a story from students can obviously become a interesting material to draw students’ attention.Then I would ask the whole class to put this story into several parts. It might be a little bit difficult for them. So I would ask them to find out whether all the sentences are necessary. After delete some sentences, there are 6 sentences left behind. Then they can easily put them into three parts. After interaction with students, I would teach them the right terms for each part and conclude the format of funny story.This step is the key and difficult point in my lesson. So I mainly usetask-based teaching method in this part and the task for students was divided into several stages. With the separated difficult level, students can find there are usually three parts in writing. They can also learn to write without the unnecessary parts in the process of analyzing. And then I wouldn’t rush to tell them the right terms to them directly. Instead, I would ask them to name them by their own. A confused mind is better for acquiring knowledge.While-writing:Then I would give students 7 minutes to write down this story, without other requirements.With all the preparations in pre-writing, students’ difficulties were cleared. So it would be much easier for them to write down the story within 7 minutes. There are no other requirements because students’ first writing is actually a drafting. It would be revise and edit several times later. Writing, as a skill
Good afternoon, teachers, It’s my great pleasure to be here sharing my lesson with you.The content of my lesson is Senior English Book 3 Unit 5 Canada —— “The true North”.I’ll be ready to begin this lesson from five parts. Analysis of the teaching material,the teaching methods,the studying methods, the teaching procedure,and Blackboard design.First, let me talk about the teaching material.Part 1 Teaching Material:This unit is about the introduction of Canada. By studying of this unit,we’ll enable the students to learn the geography, population, main cities, and natural beauty, natural resources of Canada. Through the training of the unit, it also requires students to learn some Language skills such as the expressions of position and emotions.So it plays an important part in the English teaching in this book.After studying the teaching material and analyzing the rule of children’s growing of mind,I think the teaching aims are the followings:1.Knowledge objects:(1) make the students learn some new words and phrases(2) make the students understand the content of the lesson.2.Ability objects:(1)To develop the Ss’ abilities of listening, speaking, reading and writing. Especially reading and speaking ability.(2) learn to talk about the characters of Canada in English(3)To train the Ss’ ability of working in pairs.3.Emotion objects:(1)Enable students to understand the characters of Canada..(2)Stimulate Ss to work hard to make China stronger.Part 2 Teaching Methods:I think helping students learn to master new words and phrases and improve the students’ reading and speaking ability is import and the difficult.According to the analysis of the teaching material and the import points and the difficult points,I will use the following teaching methods : question-guiding approach; fast-reading and careful reading; multi-media teaching methods; discussion
The oldest and the most popular park in the worldenjoy the exciting activities thereget close to the life-size cartoon characters like Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck Step 3 Pre-reading1.What do you suppose a theme park is ?2.What do you think you can see in a theme park?(1.It is a kind of amusement park which has a certain theme – that the whole park is based on. 2.buildings, castles, statues, rare animals and birds, and so on.) Step 4 Reading ----- Theme Parks –---- Fun and More Than Fun1.Predict : Read the title and the pictures on P. 34 and PredictWhat is the meaning of the title “Theme Park – Fun and more than fun”?(The title means that theme parks are fun to visit, but that they can also be educational and can offer useful information.)2.Skimming Fast read and answer:What activities can we take in a theme park?Amusement park: Bumper car Merry-go-round slide bungee jumping Free-fall rides Horror films Pirate ship Ferris wheel roller coaster3.Scanning Read again and you will find various theme parks are mentioned in the passage . Then what are they ?Theme parks: Sports theme park History theme park Culture theme park Marine or Ocean theme Park Future park Science theme park Disneyland4.Careful reading and find the main idea of each paragraph:THEME PARKS---- entertaining/ educationalPara.1 Traditional parks are places to go for relaxation and to have time away from our busy lives.Para.2 Theme parks are different They’re large and full of things to do, see and buy.Para.3 Theme parks are built around a single idea or theme. One example is a sports park.Para.4 Another kind of theme park is historical more and cultural and can be educational.Para.5 Disneylandwas the first theme park. It is based on the fantasy life and characters of Disney’s films.Para.6 Some examples of educational theme parks include sea world parks and science parks.
基于以上分析,為使本堂課圍繞重點(diǎn)、突破難點(diǎn),同時(shí)讓學(xué)生在課堂教學(xué)中能力得到提高,我設(shè)計(jì)如下教學(xué)過程。(一)創(chuàng)設(shè)情景認(rèn)識(shí)形變由同學(xué)們已有的形變知識(shí)入手,引入新課。教師演示:①?gòu)椈傻膲嚎s形變;②彈簧的拉伸形變③視頻播放:竹竿形變、鋼絲的扭轉(zhuǎn)形變。得出形變的概念及各類形變。[設(shè)計(jì)意圖:我從生活情景中引入新課,是為了激發(fā)學(xué)生的好奇心,為學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)內(nèi)容作鋪墊。]設(shè)問:摩天大樓在風(fēng)的吹拂下會(huì)不會(huì)擺動(dòng),發(fā)生形變嗎?演示微小形變放大實(shí)驗(yàn):由于這種形變不容易觀察,會(huì)使學(xué)生產(chǎn)生疑問:到底有沒有發(fā)生形變?解決的辦法是微小形變的演示實(shí)驗(yàn)。為什么光點(diǎn)會(huì)往下移?讓學(xué)生帶著問題思考后得出結(jié)論:是由于桌面發(fā)生了形變,但是形變不明顯。為后面解決壓力和支持力都是彈力做好鋪墊。[設(shè)計(jì)意圖:使學(xué)生知道“放大”是一種科學(xué)探究的方法。]
通過這個(gè)示例呢,我們可以得到解決向心力問題的一般的步驟,確定對(duì)象,找出軌跡,找出圓心,然后進(jìn)行受力分析,讓同學(xué)們參考這樣的步驟,逐步的解決圓周運(yùn)動(dòng)的問題,對(duì)于變速圓周運(yùn)動(dòng),我通過鏈球運(yùn)動(dòng)進(jìn)行引入,這里是一個(gè)鏈球運(yùn)動(dòng)的視頻,在同學(xué)們觀看視頻之前,我給同學(xué)們提出問題,鏈球收到繩子的拉力,做的是勻速圓周運(yùn)動(dòng)嗎? 然后再課堂上我們?cè)僮鲆粋€(gè)小實(shí)驗(yàn), 我們可以通過改變拉線的方式來調(diào)節(jié)小球的速度大小嗎? 那么對(duì)小球,做加速圓周運(yùn)動(dòng),進(jìn)行受力分析,我們可以看到,小球做加速運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí),他所受到的力,并不是嚴(yán)格通過軌跡的圓心,在進(jìn)行分析的時(shí)候,特別強(qiáng)調(diào),小桶所受力的切線方向分力,和法線方向分力,切線方向分力,改變小球運(yùn)動(dòng)速度大小,法線方向分力,改變了小球運(yùn)動(dòng)的方向,法線方向的分力,在這里就是向心力,產(chǎn)生了向心加速度,通過這樣一個(gè)例子進(jìn)行分析,同學(xué)們是比較容易理解的,
四、教學(xué)方法和學(xué)法。課前學(xué)生搜集有關(guān)《詩(shī)經(jīng)》的資料必不可少。另外,時(shí)隔數(shù)千年,年代久遠(yuǎn),文字的障礙很大,然而,過分糾纏于文字的疏通會(huì)破壞詩(shī)歌的“氣”,喪失詩(shī)歌的“神”,所以在學(xué)習(xí)時(shí),應(yīng)舍去條分縷析的理論評(píng)價(jià),指導(dǎo)學(xué)生結(jié)合注釋疏通文字,然后引領(lǐng)他們經(jīng)由文字再現(xiàn)形象和事件,經(jīng)由形象和事件領(lǐng)略情感,感受其中濃濃的詩(shī)情。誦讀的環(huán)節(jié)是重要的,配以二胡獨(dú)奏《長(zhǎng)相思》,營(yíng)造意境,學(xué)生沉浸在音樂營(yíng)造的意境中反復(fù)吟詠,讀出節(jié)奏,讀出音調(diào),讀出感情,細(xì)細(xì)體味,讓或優(yōu)或喜的情愫縈繞心間,我們就觸到了先民的靈魂。比興手法為《詩(shī)經(jīng)》獨(dú)創(chuàng),重章疊句同樣別致而新鮮,教學(xué)過程中結(jié)合具體語(yǔ)境讓學(xué)生自己去發(fā)現(xiàn)并進(jìn)行討論,不搞枯燥的知識(shí)傳授。還引入講故事、改寫兩種活潑的學(xué)習(xí)形式,從而達(dá)到加深理解的目的。
(二)分析課文,理清思路第1、2段為第一部分,主要是敘事、寫景,先敘述集會(huì)的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn),然后渲染出蘭亭優(yōu)美的自然環(huán)境。在這里足以“游目騁懷”“極視聽之娛”,可以自由地觀察、思考,滿足人們目視耳聞的需求。這里正是與會(huì)“暢敘幽情”、盡興盡歡的絕好處所。這些描寫都富有詩(shī)情畫意,作者的情感是輕松愉快的。第3、4段為第二部分,主要是抒情、議論,作者由美景妙時(shí)引發(fā)出樂與憂、生與死的感慨。他認(rèn)為人生的快樂是有極限的,待快樂得到滿足時(shí),就會(huì)感覺興味索然。往事轉(zhuǎn)眼間便成為歷史,人到了生命的盡頭就會(huì)死亡。作者由“一死生為虛誕,齊彭殤為妄作”的認(rèn)識(shí),產(chǎn)生了一種珍惜時(shí)間、眷戀生活、熱愛文明的思考。雖然文中的壽夭、生死不能自由決定,從而有些傷感,但作者仍然認(rèn)識(shí)到盛衰、生死是必然的。人生無常,時(shí)不我待,故著文留傳后世,以承襲前人,啟示來者。
3、拓展延伸,啟迪心智,創(chuàng)設(shè)課堂訓(xùn)練營(yíng)。三、說學(xué)法1、紙上得來終覺淺,圈點(diǎn)、勾畫、批注法,學(xué)好文言基本功。2、自主合作加探究,眼耳口腦手并用,破疑解難在其中。四、說課時(shí)安排《鴻門宴》篇幅較長(zhǎng),文言知識(shí)較豐富,文章內(nèi)涵豐厚,因此我設(shè)計(jì)用五課時(shí)教學(xué)本文。第一課時(shí):了解作家作品,積累文言知識(shí),感受作者隱忍發(fā)憤的著書精神(初讀)第二課時(shí):理清故事情節(jié),概括人物形象,學(xué)習(xí)客觀地評(píng)論歷史人物,(熟讀)第三課時(shí):進(jìn)一步梳理文言知識(shí),精讀課文,要求讀透。(精讀)第四課時(shí):通過對(duì)人物、事件的賞析,加深學(xué)生對(duì)人物的理解,鍛煉學(xué)生的開放性思維,由學(xué)生自主認(rèn)識(shí)到人物的性格,悲劇的原因等問題。(賞讀)第五課時(shí):補(bǔ)充課本教學(xué)內(nèi)容:同學(xué)生一起閱讀古今關(guān)于劉邦項(xiàng)羽的一些篇章:讓學(xué)生投入進(jìn)來,把握自己眼中的項(xiàng)羽。(展讀)在文言文學(xué)習(xí)的過程中,采取五步學(xué)習(xí)法:初讀-熟讀-精讀-賞讀-展讀(板書)
【教學(xué)目標(biāo)】我設(shè)置的本課的教學(xué)目標(biāo)有三個(gè):1、知識(shí)與技能(1)了解曹雪芹及《紅樓夢(mèng)》(2)學(xué)習(xí)通過一個(gè)人物的行蹤、所見所聞,介紹典型環(huán)境,認(rèn)識(shí)封建貴族階級(jí)豪奢極恥的生活以及森嚴(yán)的等級(jí)、禮儀制度(3)分析小說人物出場(chǎng)的描寫藝術(shù),培養(yǎng)學(xué)生分析小說人物形象的能力。(4)一葉落而知秋”,通過對(duì)“林黛玉進(jìn)賈府”這一故事情節(jié)的把握是否能引發(fā)對(duì)《紅樓夢(mèng)》的認(rèn)知興趣,并找到一個(gè)突破口,有針對(duì)性地進(jìn)行自主探究,進(jìn)而進(jìn)行個(gè)性化解讀。(5)整體認(rèn)知小說,認(rèn)識(shí)小說悲劇的必然性和思想價(jià)值.2、過程與方法(1)用直觀演示和歸納探究法分析文章要點(diǎn)。(2)用討論探究法體驗(yàn)作者對(duì)文中人物的情感態(tài)度。3、情感態(tài)度價(jià)值觀(1)正確理解《紅樓夢(mèng)》的思想內(nèi)涵,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生熱愛祖國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化的思想感情。(2)認(rèn)識(shí)封建大家族的腐朽沒落,理解賈寶玉追求個(gè)性自由反封建的精神。
我以以《登高》為例,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生進(jìn)行意象分析,感悟意境美。古人云“立象以盡意”“古詩(shī)之妙,專求意象”意象是詩(shī)人情感的載體,是詩(shī)歌的靈魂。引導(dǎo)學(xué)生張開聯(lián)想和想象的翅膀去感受,去體驗(yàn)是意象,詩(shī)歌鑒賞的關(guān)鍵??屏治榈抡f“真正藝術(shù)的作品,不是看見的,也不是聽到的,而是想象中的某種東西?!痹?shī)人通過想象創(chuàng)造出詩(shī)的形象,我們讀者通過想象豐富地再現(xiàn)詩(shī)人創(chuàng)造的形象。而感受體驗(yàn)則是以全部身心投入作品,心靈與心靈相溝通,感情與感情相交流,對(duì)詩(shī)人的想象活動(dòng)進(jìn)行再經(jīng)歷和再體驗(yàn)。因此,在引導(dǎo)意象解讀中,我先讓學(xué)生點(diǎn)擊這一個(gè),就是通過抓修飾詞、依據(jù)感情基調(diào)、展開想象具體分析本詩(shī)中每個(gè)意象的情感意蘊(yùn)和審美意蘊(yùn),使學(xué)生明白意象在每首詩(shī)中的獨(dú)特性。
說教材A.教材簡(jiǎn)析《琵琶行(并序)》是人教版《普通高中課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)實(shí)驗(yàn)教科書語(yǔ)文》必修3第二單元的一篇講讀課文。本單元學(xué)習(xí)的是唐代詩(shī)歌,共七首詩(shī)?!杜眯校ú⑿颍肥翘拼F(xiàn)實(shí)主義詩(shī)人白居易寫的一首歌行體長(zhǎng)篇敘事詩(shī),是我國(guó)古代敘事詩(shī)和音樂詩(shī)中的“千古絕喝”。詩(shī)歌主題鮮明、人物形象生動(dòng),抒情真切細(xì)膩,具有深刻的思想內(nèi)容和卓越的藝術(shù)技巧。B.教學(xué)目標(biāo)《全日制普通高中高級(jí)中學(xué)語(yǔ)文教學(xué)大綱》明確要求我們:在閱讀教學(xué)過程中要引導(dǎo)學(xué)生“感受文學(xué)形象,品味文學(xué)作品的語(yǔ)言和藝術(shù)技巧,初步鑒賞文學(xué)作品”。而本單元的教學(xué)要求是培養(yǎng)學(xué)生詩(shī)歌鑒賞的能力。根據(jù)教學(xué)大綱和單元教學(xué)要求,結(jié)合本課特點(diǎn),我制定本課的教學(xué)目標(biāo)是:1.知識(shí)目標(biāo):了解文學(xué)常識(shí);積累重點(diǎn)文言實(shí)詞;品味主旨句“同是天涯淪落人,相逢何必曾相識(shí)”的內(nèi)涵;感知作者把音樂描寫與聽者、演奏者的感情融為一體的寫作特點(diǎn)。
教材地位本課具有承上啟下的作用,前承文藝復(fù)興,后啟資產(chǎn)階級(jí)革命時(shí)代的到來,啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng)為資本主義社會(huì)構(gòu)建了一套政治藍(lán)圖,具有前瞻性,是近代第二次思想解放運(yùn)動(dòng)。因此,本節(jié)內(nèi)容在整個(gè)教材中有著很重要的地位。教學(xué)目標(biāo)1、知識(shí)目標(biāo):(1)幫助學(xué)生了解啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng)的性質(zhì)、內(nèi)容和主要啟蒙 思想家及其主張。(2)理解啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng)興起的背景、影響。2、能力目標(biāo):(1)在討論和探究過程中訓(xùn)練學(xué)生的科學(xué)思維方法和自主學(xué)習(xí)的能力和掌握解題的方法。(2)通過指導(dǎo)學(xué)生閱讀啟蒙思想家的言論資料,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生對(duì)歷史資料的理解和歸納能力。3、情感價(jià)值目標(biāo):(1)培養(yǎng)人文意識(shí),強(qiáng)化法治觀念。(2)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的團(tuán)結(jié)協(xié)作精神和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)意識(shí)。教學(xué)重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)(1)教學(xué)重點(diǎn):?jiǎn)⒚伤枷爰业闹鲝埣皢⒚蛇\(yùn)動(dòng)的影響。
Knowledge objectives:(1) to make Ss grasp the usage of words, expressions and sentence structures: statistics, struggle, thanks to, rid of, some patterns for persuasion, the “ing” form as subject and object;(2)to use learnt knowledge to persuade sb.Ability objectives:(1) to develop Ss’ reading skills(skimming, scanning, word guessing);(2) to improve Ss’ speaking, communicating and cooperating skills.Emotional objectives:to make Ss know the contribution of Yuan,and learn his spirit and his simple life time.Teaching important and difficult points:(1) some words, expressions and sentence structures mentioned above;(2)the content of the text;(3)training their reading and speaking skills.Teaching methods: CLT, TBLT,QT.Learning strategies: CLS, QLS, TBLS.Teaching procedures:Step 1 lead-in: (1) teacher plays a piece of recent news from CCTV about the harvest of the super hybrid rice, and ask students whether they know Yuan or not, and talk about him and his contribution.(2)Brain storm: let Ss describe Yuan in their minds including his appearance, his living condition and so on.Step 2 fast reading tasks:(1)teacher introduces Yuan and super hybrid rice(2)make Ss read the text as fast as possible with questions. Such as: what’s the general ideaof this passage? What’s Yuan’ dream? (skimming and scanning skill)Step 3 intensive reading tasks(1)let Ss read the text silently, find topic sentence of each paragraph and draw the difficult sentences and the knowledge what they don’t understand.(words guessing)(2)teacher and Ss talk about the important words, expressions and sentences together, and ask Ss to retell the content of the text.(summarizing and paraphrasing)(3)teacher summarize this part.(4) read again following the courseware.
二、說學(xué)情本課的教學(xué)對(duì)象為高二學(xué)生,他們思維活躍已具備一定歸納能力和分析、綜合能力,能夠自主地分析現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的一些文化行為,但看問題往往比較偏激、片面,缺乏良好的邏輯思維能力。所以,在文化創(chuàng)新的途徑上要對(duì)他們進(jìn)行指導(dǎo),以免走入誤區(qū)。三、教學(xué)目標(biāo)根據(jù)新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、教材特點(diǎn)、學(xué)生的實(shí)際,我確定了如下教學(xué)目標(biāo):【知識(shí)與能力目標(biāo)】1.理解文化創(chuàng)新的根本途徑和兩個(gè)基本途徑;2.了解文化創(chuàng)新過程中需要堅(jiān)持正確方向,克服錯(cuò)誤傾向。
蘇格拉底把裝有毒酒的杯子舉到胸口,平靜地說:“分手的時(shí)候到了,我將死,你們活下來,是誰的選擇好,只有天知道?!闭f畢,一口喝干了毒酒。(2) 蘇格拉底臨死前對(duì)一個(gè)叫克力同的人說了這樣一番話??肆ν?,我告訴你,這幾天一直有一個(gè)神的聲音在我心中曉喻我,他說:“蘇格拉底,還是聽我們的建議吧,我們是你的衛(wèi)士。不要考慮你的子女、生命或其他東西勝過考慮什么是公正?!聦?shí)上你就要離開這里了。當(dāng)你去死的時(shí)候,你是個(gè)犧牲品,但不是我們所犯錯(cuò)誤的犧牲品,而是你同胞所犯錯(cuò)誤的犧牲品。但你若用這種可恥的方法逃避,以錯(cuò)還錯(cuò),以惡報(bào)惡,踐踏你自己和我們訂立的協(xié)議合約,那么你傷害了你最不應(yīng)該傷害的,包括你自己、你的朋友、你的國(guó)家,還有我們。到那時(shí),你活著面對(duì)我們的憤怒,你死后我們的兄弟、冥府里的法律也不會(huì)熱情歡迎你;因?yàn)樗鼈冎滥阍噲D盡力摧毀我們。別接受克力同的建議,聽我們的勸告吧?!?/p>
我們知道事物之間的矛盾會(huì)發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)化。但是,由于老子看不到轉(zhuǎn)化的條件,更看不到人的主觀能動(dòng)性,因此他對(duì)人類社會(huì)的發(fā)展抱著消極悲觀的態(tài)度,幻想回到“雞犬之聲相聞,老死不相往來”的“小國(guó)寡民”的社會(huì)。他的思想,通過《老子》一書留傳了下來。后來的莊子繼承了老子的思想,把“道”作為世界最高的原則,我們可以來看發(fā)生在莊子身上的一個(gè)故事:莊子在妻子死后,居然鼓盆而歌,朋友惠施去探望時(shí)責(zé)備他,他講出一番道理:“當(dāng)我妻子剛死的時(shí)候,我怎么會(huì)不難過?可是我省思之后,覺察到她不但沒有生命,而且沒有形體;不但沒有形體,也沒有氣,然后在恍恍惚惚的情況下,變出了氣,氣再變化而出現(xiàn)形體,形體再變化而出現(xiàn)生命,現(xiàn)在又變化而回到死亡,這就好像春夏秋冬四季的運(yùn)行一樣。這個(gè)人已經(jīng)安靜地睡在天地的大屋里,而我還跟在一旁哭哭啼啼。我以為這樣是不明白生命的道理,所以才停止哭泣啊!”