本板塊的活動(dòng)主題是“談?wù)摴?jié)日活動(dòng)”(Talk about festival activities),主要是從貼近學(xué)生日常生活的角度來(lái)切入“節(jié)日”主題。學(xué)生會(huì)聽(tīng)到發(fā)生在三個(gè)國(guó)家不同節(jié)日?qǐng)鼍跋碌暮?jiǎn)短對(duì)話,對(duì)話中的人們正在參與或?qū)⒁H歷不同的慶?;顒?dòng)。隨著全球化的進(jìn)程加速,國(guó)際交流日益頻繁,無(wú)論是國(guó)人走出國(guó)門(mén)還是外國(guó)友人訪問(wèn)中國(guó),都已成為司空見(jiàn)慣的事情。因此,該板塊所選取的三個(gè)典型節(jié)日?qǐng)鼍岸际菍儆诳缥幕浑H語(yǔ)境,不僅每組對(duì)話中的人物來(lái)自不同的文化背景,對(duì)話者的身份和關(guān)系也不盡相同。1. Master the new words related to holiday: the lantern, Carnival, costume, dress(sb)up, march, congratulation, congratulate, riddle, ceremony, samba, make - up, after all. 2. To understand the origin of major world festivals and the activities held to celebrate them and the significance of these activities;3. Improve listening comprehension and oral expression of the topic by listening and talking about traditional festivals around the world;4. Improve my understanding of the topic by watching pictures and videos about different traditional festivals around the world;5. Review the common assimilation phenomenon in English phonetics, can distinguish the assimilated phonemes in the natural language flow, and consciously use the assimilation skill in oral expression. Importance:1. Guide students to pay attention to the attitude of the speaker in the process of listening, and identify the relationship between the characters;2. Inspire students to use topic words to describe the festival activities based on their background knowledge. Difficulties:In the process of listening to the correct understanding of the speaker's attitude, accurately identify the relationship between the characters.
Activity 41. Students complete the task of activity 4, then teachers and students check the answers. 2. The teacher organized the students to work together and asked them to use the tables and mind maps sorted out before to retold the important choices in Lin Qiaozhi's life and their resultsStep 5 Language points1. The teacher asks the students to read the text carefully, find out the core words and long and difficult sentences in the text and draw lines, understand the use of vocabulary, and analyze the structure of long and difficult sentences. 2. The teacher explains and summarizes the usage of core vocabulary and asks the students to take notes. 3. The teacher analyzes and explains the long and difficult sentences that the students don't understand, so that the students can understand them better. Step 6 Homework1. Read the text again, in-depth understanding of the text; 2. Master the use of core vocabulary and understand the long and difficult sentences. 3. Complete relevant exercises in the guide plan. 1、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生是否理解和掌握閱讀文本中的新詞匯的意義與用法;2、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否結(jié)合文本特點(diǎn)總結(jié)林巧稚的人生原則和人格品質(zhì)特征;3、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否針對(duì)人生抉擇發(fā)表自己的看法;能否全面地、客觀地、理性地看待問(wèn)題,進(jìn)而對(duì)道德和人性有更加深入的思考和理解。
1. Ss look at the picture and scan the passage to understand the main idea while teacher is giving the following questions to inspire Ss to think.*Where are those people?*What are they doing?*Why are they so excited?2. Ss complete the passage with the appropriate -ing form. Then discuss and check the answers with class.Answers: boring, interesting, taking, exciting, amazing3. The teacher raises questions for the students to discuss and encourages them to express their opinions.*Do you like La Tomatina? Why or why not?4. Each group representative reports the discussion result, the teacher gives feedback and the evaluation.Step 6 PracticeActivity 41. Ss complete the Ex 2 in Using structures.2. Check the answers after finishing the exercises.①The dragon boat races are the most exciting part of the Dragon Boat Festival.② The children were excited to go Easter egg hunting.③What an amazing performance! This is the best music festival I have ever been to.④We were amazed by her funny-looking hat.⑤His inspiring speech at the conference won the admiration/ favour of the audience.⑥This is a challenging game to test your memory and observation capabilities. 3. T asks Ss to finish Ex 3 and 4 in Using structures by themselves, then check the answers with class.Step 6 Homework1. Understand and master the functions and usage of the -ing form;2. Finish the other exercises in Using structures.1、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生是否理解和掌握動(dòng)詞-ing形式作定語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)的功能和意義;2、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否在理解文段內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境和表達(dá)邏輯,能正確運(yùn)用動(dòng)詞-ing形式描述節(jié)日慶典。3、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生是否歸納和積累用于表達(dá)情緒的相關(guān)詞匯。
*wide range of origins(= a great number of different origins, many kinds of origins)*It featured a parade and a great feast with music, dancing, and sports. (=A parade and a great feast with music, dancing, and sports were included as important parts of the Egyptian harvest festival.)*.. some traditions may fade away and others may be established.(= Some traditions may disappear gradually, while other new traditions may come into being.)Step 6 Practice(1) Listen and follow the tape.The teacher may remind the students to pay attention to the meaning and usage of the black words in the context, so as to prepare for the completion of the blanks in activity 5 and vocabulary exercises in the exercise book.(2) Students complete the text of activity 5 by themselves.The teacher needs to remind the students to fill in the blanks with the correct form of the vocabulary they have learned in the text.Students exchange their answers with their partners, and then teachers and students check their answers.(3)Finish the Ex in Activity 5 of students’ book.Step 7 Homework1. Read the text again, in-depth understanding of the text;2. Discuss the origin of festivals, the historical changes of related customs, the influence of commercial society on festivals and the connotation and essential meaning of festivals.3. Complete relevant exercises in the guide plan.1、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生是否理解和掌握閱讀文本中的新詞匯的意義與用法;2、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否結(jié)合文本特點(diǎn)快速而準(zhǔn)確地找到主題句;3、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否理清論說(shuō)文的語(yǔ)篇結(jié)構(gòu)和文本邏輯,了解節(jié)日風(fēng)俗發(fā)展與變遷,感悟節(jié)日的內(nèi)涵與意義。
The joke set her crying.這個(gè)玩笑使她哭起來(lái)。Step 5 ReadingActivity 31. Students read the small text in activity 3. The teacher provides several small questions to check whether students understand the content of the text and the ideographic function of the -ing form in the text.*Where are those people?*Why did Dr Bethune come to China?*How did he help the Chinese people during the war?*What did Chairman Mao Zedong say about him?2. Ss try to rewrite some sentences using the -ing form. Then check the answers. When checking the answers, the teacher can ask different students to read the rewritten sentences and give comments.Answers:1. he became very interested in medicine, deciding to become a doctor.2. …after hearing that many people were dying in the war.3. Helping to organise hospitals, he taught doctors and nurses, and showed people how to give first aid./ He helped to organise hospitals, teaching doctors and nurses, and showing people how to give first aid.4. …praising Dr Bethune as a hero to be remembered in China.Step 6 PracticeActivity 4Students complete grammar activities 2 and 3 on page 69 of the workbook.Step 6 Homework1. Understand and master the functions and usage of the -ing form;2. Finish the other exercises in Using structures.1、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生是否理解和掌握動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)語(yǔ)的功能和意義;2、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否正確使用動(dòng)詞-ing形式描述人物的行為、動(dòng)作及其經(jīng)歷;3、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否獨(dú)立完成練習(xí)冊(cè)和導(dǎo)學(xué)案中的相關(guān)練習(xí)。
3.Teachers ask different groups to report the answers to the questions and ask them to try different sentence patterns.The teacher added some sentence patterns for students to refer to when writing.Step 4 Writing taskActivity 51.Write the first draft.Students first review the evaluation criteria in activity 5, and then independently complete the draft according to the outline of activity 4, the answers to the questions listed in the group discussion and report, and the reference sentence pattern.2.Change partners.The teacher guides the students to evaluate their partner's composition according to the checklist of activity 5 and proposes Suggestions for modification.3.Finalize the draft.Based on the peer evaluation, students revise their own compositions and determine the final draft.Finally, through group recommendation, the teacher selects excellent compositions for projection display or reading aloud in class, and gives comments and Suggestions.Step 5 Showing writingActivity 5T call some Ss to share their writing.Step 6 Homework1. Read the passage in this section to better understand the passage.2. Carefully understand the hierarchical structure of the article, and deeply understand the plot of the story according to the causes, process and results;3. Independently complete the relevant exercises in the guide plan.1、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生是否理解和掌握閱讀文本中的新詞匯的意義與用法;2、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否通過(guò)人物言行的對(duì)比分析道德故事的深層內(nèi)涵;3、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否根據(jù)故事的起因、經(jīng)過(guò)和結(jié)果來(lái)深入理解故事的情節(jié),從而了解文章的層次結(jié)構(gòu);4、結(jié)合現(xiàn)實(shí)生活案例發(fā)表自己的見(jiàn)解和看法,寫(xiě)一篇觀點(diǎn)明確、層次分明的故事評(píng)論。
(2) students are divided into groups according to the requirements of activity 3. Each student shares a story of personal experience or hearing-witnessing kindness, and then selects the most touching story in the group and shares it with the whole class. Before the students share the story, the teacher can instruct them to use the words and sentence patterns in the box to express. For example, the words in the box can be classified:Time order: first of all, then, after that, later, finally logical relationship :so, however, although, butTeachers can also appropriately add some transitional language to enrich students' expression:Afterwards, afterwards, at last, in the end, eventuallySpatial order: next to, far from, on the left, in front ofOtherwise, nevertheless, as a result, therefore, furthermore, in addition, as well asSummary: in a word, in short, on the whole, to sum up, in briefStep 8 Homework1. Understand the definition of "moral dilemma" and establish a correct moral view;2. Accumulate vocabulary about attitudes and emotions in listening texts and use them to express your own views;3. Complete relevant exercises in the guide plan.1、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否理解理解“道德困境”的定義;2、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否通過(guò)說(shuō)話人所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容、說(shuō)話的語(yǔ)氣、語(yǔ)調(diào)等來(lái)判斷其態(tài)度和情緒;3、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否針對(duì)具體的道德困境發(fā)表自己的看法和見(jiàn)解,能否掌握聽(tīng)力理訓(xùn)練中的聽(tīng)力策略。
【點(diǎn)津】 1.不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作目的狀語(yǔ) ,當(dāng)不定式或不定式短語(yǔ)有自己的執(zhí)行者時(shí),要用不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)?即在不定式或不定式短語(yǔ)之前加 for +名詞或賓格代詞?作狀語(yǔ)。He opened the door for the children to come in. 他開(kāi)門(mén)讓孩子們進(jìn)來(lái)。目的狀語(yǔ)從句與不定式的轉(zhuǎn)換 英語(yǔ)中的目的狀語(yǔ)從句,還可以變?yōu)椴欢ㄊ交虿欢ㄊ蕉陶Z(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ),從而使句子在結(jié)構(gòu)上得以簡(jiǎn)化??煞譃閮煞N情況: 1?當(dāng)目的狀語(yǔ)從句中的主語(yǔ)與主句中的主語(yǔ)相同時(shí),可以直接簡(jiǎn)化為不定式或不定式短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)。We'll start early in order that/so that we may arrive in time. →We'll start early in order to/so as to arrive in time. 2?當(dāng)目的狀語(yǔ)從句中的主語(yǔ)與主句中的主語(yǔ)不相同時(shí),要用動(dòng)詞不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語(yǔ)。I came early in order that you might read my report before the meeting. →I came early in order for you to read my report before the meeting.
原文:我呆呆地坐在窗前,望著窗外天上的月亮……我和媽媽又吵架了,我傷心地哭了。改文:我呆呆地坐在窗前,望著窗外天上的月亮,它升起來(lái)了,冰冷地掛在枝頭,月色淡白,月影斑駁,月光凄涼地灑向大地……我和媽媽又吵架了,我傷心地哭了。預(yù)設(shè) 修改后的片段把干癟無(wú)味的語(yǔ)句變得生動(dòng)形象。選取月亮展開(kāi)描寫(xiě),運(yùn)用“冰冷”“淡白”“斑駁”“凄涼”等冷色調(diào)詞語(yǔ)來(lái)渲染氣氛,襯托“我”吵架后沮喪、失落、難過(guò)的心情。寫(xiě)作時(shí)可以恰當(dāng)選用詞語(yǔ),運(yùn)用多種手法寫(xiě)景,以達(dá)到渲染氛圍的作用?!驹O(shè)計(jì)意圖】此環(huán)節(jié)旨在通過(guò)升格擴(kuò)充,讓學(xué)生小試牛刀,達(dá)到學(xué)以致用的目的。五、實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練繪家鄉(xiāng)家鄉(xiāng),生我們養(yǎng)我們的地方;家鄉(xiāng),令我們魂?duì)繅?mèng)繞的地方;家鄉(xiāng),人生起航的地方。家鄉(xiāng)的一草一木、一山一水,必然印在我們的腦海,烙在我們的心上。請(qǐng)你拿起手中的筆,以《家鄉(xiāng)一景》為題,描寫(xiě)出這處景物的特征及給你的獨(dú)特感受,不少于500字。
正如朱敏先生所說(shuō)的那樣,他之所以能打敗那些強(qiáng)大的對(duì)手是因?yàn)樽约旱囊还身g勁。自強(qiáng)的心鞭策我們勇往直前,失敗算什么,困難算什么,自強(qiáng)者永不止步。生命可以大寫(xiě),也可以小寫(xiě),還可以簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)。小寫(xiě)的生命是靈魂上的侏儒,簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)的生命是靈魂上的庸碌者,唯有自強(qiáng)者是天地間用正氣、智慧寫(xiě)出的一個(gè)氣宇軒昂的大寫(xiě)的人。獨(dú)立是它的一撇,拼搏是它的一捺,兩者缺少其一,都不能稱(chēng)之為一個(gè)完整意義上的“人”。自強(qiáng)是生命之杯中的瓊漿玉液,他讓每一個(gè)舉杯者贏得了鮮花和掌聲,收獲了成功和喜悅,體味到了人生的真實(shí)與厚重!在我們的人生旅程中,每個(gè)人或多或少會(huì)遇到這樣那樣的挫折。也許是一次考試的失利,也許是一場(chǎng)突如其來(lái)的意外,沒(méi)有誰(shuí)能夠保證他的一生總是平平安安、一帆風(fēng)順。面對(duì)挫折我們不應(yīng)該失意、彷徨,因自己陷入人生灰色的圈子而倍感焦慮、難以自拔。我們要學(xué)會(huì)自強(qiáng),因?yàn)橹挥袑W(xué)會(huì)自強(qiáng),我們才敢正視所有問(wèn)題;只有學(xué)會(huì)自強(qiáng),才會(huì)有勇氣去戰(zhàn)勝一道道難題。
我榮幸地以中華民族一員的資格,而成為世界公民。我是中國(guó)人民的兒子。我深情地愛(ài)著我的祖國(guó)和人民。 ——鄧小平一個(gè)人只要熱愛(ài)自己的祖國(guó),有一顆愛(ài)國(guó)之心,就什么事情都能解決。什么苦楚,什么冤屈都受得了。 ——冰心做人最大的事情是什么呢?就是要知道怎么樣愛(ài)國(guó)。 ——孫中山能夠獻(xiàn)身于自己祖國(guó)的事業(yè),為實(shí)現(xiàn)理想而斗爭(zhēng),這是最光榮不過(guò)的事情了?!獏怯裾峦鈬?guó)愛(ài)國(guó)名言示例:我們?yōu)樽鎳?guó)服務(wù),也不能都采用同一方式,每個(gè)人應(yīng)該按照資稟,各盡所能?!璧驴v使世界給我珍寶和榮譽(yù),我也不愿離開(kāi)我的祖國(guó)。因?yàn)榭v使我的祖國(guó)在恥辱之中,我還是喜歡、熱愛(ài)、祝福我的祖國(guó)。 ——裴多菲我重視祖國(guó)的利益,甚于自己的生命和我所珍愛(ài)的兒女。 ——莎士比亞我無(wú)論做什么,始終在想著,只要我的精力允許我的話,我就要首先為我的祖國(guó)服務(wù)。 ——巴甫洛夫
1.培養(yǎng)學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)文的興趣,感悟生活處處皆語(yǔ)文的道理。2.了解招牌、廣告詞和對(duì)聯(lián)。3.按興趣分組,制定活動(dòng)計(jì)劃。 一、導(dǎo)入新課師:同學(xué)們,我們學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)文都有哪些途徑呢?(生:課本、課堂。)除此之外,老師認(rèn)為還可以通過(guò)以下途徑來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)文。從媒體中學(xué)語(yǔ)文——網(wǎng)絡(luò)用語(yǔ)、手機(jī)短信、歌詞等;從名字中學(xué)語(yǔ)文——人名、地名等;向群眾學(xué)語(yǔ)文——俗語(yǔ)、諺語(yǔ)、歇后語(yǔ)等;從傳統(tǒng)文化中學(xué)語(yǔ)文——對(duì)聯(lián)……從廣告中學(xué)語(yǔ)文——商業(yè)廣告、公益廣告…… 師:無(wú)論是讀書(shū)看報(bào)、與人聊天,還是聽(tīng)相聲、看電視、逛商場(chǎng),只要留心觀察,隨時(shí)注意語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象,總會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)與語(yǔ)文有關(guān)的問(wèn)題。書(shū)本上、電視上、報(bào)紙上滿(mǎn)是漢字。大街上的招牌、廣告、門(mén)對(duì)等全都充滿(mǎn)語(yǔ)文氣息。語(yǔ)文學(xué)習(xí)不能局限于課堂與書(shū)本,生活處處有語(yǔ)文。今天,我們就來(lái)開(kāi)展綜合性學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)“我的語(yǔ)文生活”,看看怎樣在生活中學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)文。
預(yù)設(shè) 1.樹(shù)立保護(hù)文化遺產(chǎn)的意識(shí),從小事做起,從自身做起。2.向周邊的人宣傳保護(hù)文化遺產(chǎn)的重要性,讓人們明白文化遺產(chǎn)是民族精神的底蘊(yùn)、民族文化的根基。3.向當(dāng)?shù)卣块T(mén)提出保護(hù)文化遺產(chǎn)的合理方案:(1)必須以法律條文的形式進(jìn)行規(guī)范和監(jiān)督,維護(hù)重獎(jiǎng),破壞嚴(yán)懲。(2)開(kāi)辦文化遺產(chǎn)學(xué)習(xí)、講座、知識(shí)競(jìng)賽等活動(dòng)。讓人們耳濡目染,感受中華傳統(tǒng)文化遺產(chǎn)的魅力和文化遺產(chǎn)存在的必要性。4.用實(shí)際行動(dòng)保護(hù)它,同破壞它的人進(jìn)行堅(jiān)決的斗爭(zhēng)。結(jié)合教材P148“資料三”和P149“資料四”,以“我與文化遺產(chǎn)”為話題,自擬題目,寫(xiě)一篇作文,談?wù)勀銓?duì)文化遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)的認(rèn)識(shí)和思考。【設(shè)計(jì)意圖】本環(huán)節(jié)意在讓學(xué)生在參與活動(dòng)的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步反思。通過(guò)問(wèn)題設(shè)計(jì)和寫(xiě)作訓(xùn)練,進(jìn)一步梳理探索過(guò)程,擴(kuò)展實(shí)踐探索的思想廣度,將活動(dòng)引入到更深的層次,提升了活動(dòng)的效果。
請(qǐng)同學(xué)們閱讀教材P133虛線框內(nèi)的內(nèi)容,根據(jù)要求選擇某一新聞事件,開(kāi)展時(shí)事討論,積極發(fā)表看法。提示:學(xué)生圍繞事件展開(kāi)討論,積極發(fā)言,認(rèn)真聽(tīng)取同學(xué)的意見(jiàn),討論時(shí)注意遵守之前制定的“班級(jí)議事規(guī)則”。(全班討論,師總結(jié))【設(shè)計(jì)意圖】此環(huán)節(jié)通過(guò)開(kāi)展班級(jí)討論活動(dòng),制定貼近學(xué)生生活的“班級(jí)議事規(guī)則”,將學(xué)習(xí)的與“和”相關(guān)的知識(shí)引入實(shí)踐生活,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生運(yùn)用知識(shí)指導(dǎo)生活實(shí)踐的綜合能力。五、以“和”為文,總結(jié)收獲師:同學(xué)們,通過(guò)本次綜合性學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng),我們知道了“以和為貴”不僅是為人處世的準(zhǔn)繩,也是從政治國(guó)的法寶,是處理國(guó)際關(guān)系的原則,是創(chuàng)建和諧社會(huì)的前提條件。通過(guò)這次活動(dòng),你對(duì)中國(guó)文化中的“和”一定也有了許多的認(rèn)識(shí)和理解吧!任選一個(gè)角度,寫(xiě)一篇不少于600字的作文,談?wù)勀愕氖斋@。
一是縮小頁(yè)邊距和行間距,縮小字號(hào)。正式文件一般對(duì)字號(hào)、間距有嚴(yán)格的要求,但是在非正式文件里,可適當(dāng)縮小頁(yè)邊距和行間距,縮小字號(hào)??伞吧享斕欤逻B地,兩邊夠齊”,對(duì)于字號(hào),以看清為宜。二是紙張雙面打印、復(fù)印。紙張雙面打印、復(fù)印既可以減少費(fèi)用,又可以節(jié)能減排。如果全國(guó)10%的打印、復(fù)印做到這一點(diǎn),那么每年可減少耗紙約5.1萬(wàn)噸,節(jié)能6.4萬(wàn)噸標(biāo)準(zhǔn)煤,相應(yīng)減排二氧化碳16.4萬(wàn)噸。三是打印時(shí)能不加粗、不用黑體的就盡量不用,能節(jié)省墨粉或鉛粉。此外,能夠用電腦網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳遞的文件就盡量在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上傳遞,比如電子郵件、單位內(nèi)部網(wǎng)絡(luò)等,這樣下來(lái)也可以節(jié)約不少紙張。(選自《低碳校園——讓我們的學(xué)校更美好》,天津人民出版社2013年版)(學(xué)生圍繞各自任務(wù),課外搜集制作宣傳材料,時(shí)間為一周。)【設(shè)計(jì)意圖】本環(huán)節(jié)先從探討自身在低碳生活中力所能及的事情,讓學(xué)生切實(shí)認(rèn)識(shí)到低碳生活就在日常的一舉一動(dòng)中。然后圍繞主題分組,并保證足夠的時(shí)間,讓學(xué)生去收集整理資料,落實(shí)任務(wù),使學(xué)生能真正成為低碳的倡導(dǎo)者和踐行者。
解說(shuō)詞:畫(huà)卷上的竹子,在石縫中挺然而立,堅(jiān)韌不拔,遇風(fēng)不倒。鄭板橋先生借竹抒發(fā)了自己的灑脫與豁達(dá),表現(xiàn)了他勇敢面對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)、絕不屈服于挫折的品性,令竹子人格化了。此時(shí),“詩(shī)是無(wú)形畫(huà),畫(huà)是有形詩(shī)”。4.聲情并茂誦古詩(shī)(播放相關(guān)的主題圖片和音樂(lè),盡量讓詩(shī)歌和音樂(lè)、畫(huà)面相融合)主持人:詩(shī)除了追求意境的圖畫(huà)美之外,還特別注重節(jié)奏和韻律,具有音樂(lè)美。我們理解了詩(shī)中的情愫后,便可以通過(guò)朗讀來(lái)詮釋這種種情愫,或低聲絮語(yǔ),或慷慨悲吟,或溫情述說(shuō)……請(qǐng)大家選擇自己最喜歡的一首詩(shī)詞或一小節(jié)詩(shī)歌,用你認(rèn)為最貼切的情感和方式朗讀,并說(shuō)出這樣處理的原因,或講述你與此詩(shī)有關(guān)的故事。朗讀示例:無(wú)言/獨(dú)上西樓,月/如鉤,寂寞梧桐/深院/鎖/清秋。剪不斷,理還亂,是離愁,別是/一般滋味/在心頭。解說(shuō)詞:此詞是南唐后主李煜被囚于宋時(shí)所作,表達(dá)了他離鄉(xiāng)去國(guó)的錐心之痛。朗讀時(shí)要表現(xiàn)出那種深切的故國(guó)之思、亡國(guó)之恨。
審美鑒賞與創(chuàng)造——詩(shī)歌意象“詩(shī)是無(wú)聲畫(huà)”,詩(shī)要用形象說(shuō)話。一般說(shuō)來(lái),詩(shī)歌寫(xiě)作是由“靈感—尋象—尋言”這三個(gè)階段構(gòu)成的。獲得靈感,就是獲得一種詩(shī)美體驗(yàn);獲得詩(shī)美體驗(yàn)之后,就要將詩(shī)美體驗(yàn)轉(zhuǎn)化為詩(shī)歌意象。詩(shī)歌意象創(chuàng)作要注意以下幾個(gè)方面:1.象征手法的運(yùn)用。象征多用具體生動(dòng)的形象來(lái)暗示某種生活、情緒和哲理,可以將抽象的事物變得具體可感。2.要善于將抽象的感情形象化。詩(shī)歌創(chuàng)作中,或是即事抒情,或是融情于景,或是托物言志,要盡力將情感形象化,避免單純地抒情。3.意象的組合。意象組合是用一個(gè)接一個(gè)的意象,按照一定的美學(xué)原則把它組合起來(lái),形成一幅幅跳躍的畫(huà)面,使它們產(chǎn)生對(duì)比、襯托、聯(lián)想、暗示等作用,讓讀者通過(guò)一系列的意象組合去揣摩和領(lǐng)悟作者的意圖。
課件出示:(1)我的小報(bào)設(shè)計(jì)構(gòu)想:古典名著是我最喜歡的讀本,除了老師規(guī)定的板塊設(shè)計(jì)外,我增加了“人物形象我評(píng)說(shuō)”的新板塊,我畫(huà)了人物簡(jiǎn)筆畫(huà),畫(huà)面配上了簡(jiǎn)潔的評(píng)語(yǔ)……(2)我的小小說(shuō)《找錢(qián)》:我先讀一讀我的小說(shuō),再說(shuō)一說(shuō)我創(chuàng)作小說(shuō)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)?!瓉G錢(qián)是我們生活中常有的事情,材料就選自我們身邊。找錢(qián)的過(guò)程最好安排得一波三折,情節(jié)要有波瀾,我把兩個(gè)身邊同學(xué)丟錢(qián)找錢(qián)的事情融合在一起,通過(guò)三次滿(mǎn)懷希望的尋找和三次失望的轉(zhuǎn)折,使得小說(shuō)情節(jié)引人入勝。小說(shuō)中大量的人物心理描寫(xiě),凸顯了人物性格——疑神疑鬼,沒(méi)心沒(méi)肺。最后小說(shuō)的結(jié)尾出人意料,卻又在情理之中……【設(shè)計(jì)意圖】綜合性學(xué)習(xí)的匯報(bào)課,檢查學(xué)生自主探究學(xué)習(xí)的成果。四小組分四個(gè)不同的板塊分別匯報(bào),內(nèi)容清晰,任務(wù)明確。有個(gè)人匯報(bào)評(píng)價(jià)得分,也有小組綜合評(píng)價(jià)得分,評(píng)出優(yōu)勝者和優(yōu)勝小組。通過(guò)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激發(fā)課堂活力,通過(guò)合作增強(qiáng)集體榮譽(yù)感,通過(guò)展示刺激表現(xiàn)欲,讓學(xué)生成為真正的課堂主人。
(2)比賽過(guò)程中演講者要注意以下幾個(gè)方面:①表達(dá)技巧方面:要觀點(diǎn)鮮明,適當(dāng)使用一些表明個(gè)人傾向的詞句;要重點(diǎn)突出、層次分明,恰當(dāng)使用關(guān)聯(lián)詞和修辭手法;要與聽(tīng)眾溝通、交流,營(yíng)造氣氛;要少用或不用生僻詞語(yǔ)、專(zhuān)業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ),多用短句,適當(dāng)重復(fù)。②發(fā)音方面:音量適中、自然、有變化,吐字清楚,讀音準(zhǔn)確,使用重音強(qiáng)調(diào)重點(diǎn),表達(dá)感情。③體態(tài)語(yǔ)方面:雙眼平視前方,與觀眾進(jìn)行目光交流;姿勢(shì)放松,體態(tài)自然,做到落落大方、從容自信;根據(jù)需要輔以手勢(shì),但不宜頻繁、夸張。而聽(tīng)眾要認(rèn)真傾聽(tīng),保持安靜。(3)比賽最后,根據(jù)評(píng)分給參賽者頒獎(jiǎng)。
三、教學(xué)目標(biāo)根據(jù)《錦瑟》詩(shī)的地位作用以及學(xué)生的實(shí)際情況,還有在古詩(shī)詞教學(xué)方面課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的相關(guān)要求,現(xiàn)確定以下“三維教學(xué)目標(biāo)”:(一)知識(shí)與技能目標(biāo):感受體悟古典詩(shī)歌的意境美,發(fā)揮合理的主觀能動(dòng)性進(jìn)行創(chuàng)新性的閱讀鑒賞,正確認(rèn)識(shí)意象在詩(shī)歌意境中的重要作用。并在上述的基礎(chǔ)上提高鑒賞能力和審美情操。(二)過(guò)程與方法目標(biāo):《錦瑟》詩(shī)的講解采用“引導(dǎo)與自我生成”的方法,從老師的引導(dǎo)開(kāi)始,以學(xué)生的研討交流再加之教師的總結(jié)結(jié)束。利用教師引導(dǎo)和師生互動(dòng)刺激學(xué)生的領(lǐng)悟力,提高學(xué)生的認(rèn)知水平與能力。(三)情感態(tài)度價(jià)值觀目標(biāo):培養(yǎng)學(xué)生在尊重傳統(tǒng)文化的基礎(chǔ)上熱愛(ài)祖國(guó)自己文化的態(tài)度,讓學(xué)生正確認(rèn)識(shí)古典詩(shī)詞的精神美。最后在自我感悟中陶冶情操,明心啟智。