2.表示現(xiàn)階段正在進行的被動動作(該動作在說話的瞬間未必正在進行)。Many interesting experiments are being carried out these days.(說話時,并不一定正在進行)3.表示一種經(jīng)常性的被動行為,常和always,constantly 等表示頻度的副詞連用,這種用法常常帶有贊揚或厭惡的感情色彩。He is always being praised by the leader.4.表示按計劃或安排主語將要承受謂語動詞所表示的動作(僅限于少數(shù)及物動詞)。A party is being held tonight.Step 4 Special cases1.像take care of, look after, talk about, think of等動詞與介詞構(gòu)成的短語用于現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)時, 其中的介詞不可省略。The ways to stop illegally hunting are being talked about. 2.可與部分情態(tài)動詞連用,表示對正在發(fā)生的事情的推測。She may be being punished by her mother.3.有時可表示按計劃或安排將要進行的一個被動動作。A celebration is being held this weekend for his success.4.某些表示“狀態(tài)、心理活動、存在”等的動詞,如have,want,need,love,一般不用現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài),而常用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。With the population increasing,more land is needed.5.“be+under/in+n.”可表示現(xiàn)在進行時的被動意義。My computer is under repair.=My computer is being repaired.
The activity topic of this section is "report an ongoing event", and the structure is the passive voice of present continuous tense. Rare wild animals are suffering from large-scale poaching, and species are on the brink of danger. Rescue operations are underway. "Being" and "suffering" are the meanings of the present progressive passive voice.The usage of present progressive passive voice is of great importance in writing a good discourse and appreciating some difficult language items, so it is vital to master it and use it flexibly in a context.1. Motivate Ss to deepen the understanding of the usage of present progressive passive voice in a fixed context.2. Enable Ss to master the usage of present progressive passive voice and use it flexibly in a context.3. Lead Ss to construct sentences or appreciate sentences used master it and use it flexibly in a context.1. Help students to appreciate the function of the usage of present progressive passive voice in a sentence2. Instruct students to write essays using the proper usage of present progressive passive voice.Look at the picture and tell me what are workers doing? What is the house being done?
The listening and speaking part aims at how to protect and help endangered animals by listening, speaking and talking about the facts and reasons. This lesson analyzes the decreasing clause of Tibetan antelope population and the measures of protecting Tibetan antelopes. So students can be guided to learn to analyse the title and use different reading skills or strategies, like scanning, skimming and careful reading.1. Read quickly to get the main ideas and the purpose of going to Tibetan; read carefully to understand what the author see and think.2. Understand the sentences of the present continuous passive voice such as “Much is being done to protect wildlife.” and the inverted sentence “Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.”3. Enhance the awareness of protecting wildlife.4. Cultivate the reading methods according to different materials.1. Read quickly to get the main ideas and the purpose of going to Tibetan; read carefully to understand what the author see and think.2. Understand the sentences of the present continuous passive voice such as “Much is being done to protect wildlife.” and the inverted sentence “Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.”3. Cultivate the reading methods according to different materials.Step 1 Leading-inWatch a video about elephants and whales and then ask:Why are they endangered ? They are killed/hunted
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “how to save endangered wildlife and help wildlife in their neighborhood.” Due to the continuous deterioration of the living environment, a large number of wild animals are always facing the threat of endangered or extinction. Listening and speaking period enables students to understand the fact and reason why wild species are disappearing from the earth at an amazing speed, and realize that human beings ought to enhance the awareness of protecting wild species as soon as possible.Listening and Talking introduces the theme of " how to help wildlife in Ss’ neighborhood.". Now there are many volunteers who spontaneously protect wild animals, carry out various activities according to local conditions, and contribute their own strength to local animal protection with practical actions. Middle school students are also enthusiastic participants. They organize activities in their spare time, and take this opportunity to make friends, broaden their horizons, cultivate team spirit and communication skills. This section describes a bird watching activity organized by several middle school students of Bird watching Club. It aims to stimulate students' interest, improve their understanding of bird watching activities, and use the language structure of “being used for; in order to, so as to, to, so that, in order that ” to express the purpose for communication and discussion.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of using visuals to predict content.2. Cultivate students' ability to guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to save endangered wildlife and help wildlife in their neighborhood.3. Instruct students to use functional sentences of the dialogue such as “I am concerned about…” “what do you know about the endangered animals in…" and so on to talk about one of the endangered animals.
This lesson is about wildlife protection. The listening and speaking is about “How to protect endangered wildlife ?” Faced with the facts and numbers of wildlife loss, people begin to detect the reasons, then people such as the celebrities (Prince William and Yao Ming) are calling on to protect them. So students are guided to enhance the awareness of protecting wildlife and try to take part in some volunteer activities of protecting wildlife.1. Predict the content by using visuals. 2. Learn to use the sentences such as “I’m concerned about.... But now they are in danger. I want to know the reasons/why./ What can we do to protect them ?3. Learn from the stars like Prince William and Yao Ming and enhance the awareness of protecting wildlife.4. Guide students to try to put forward the solutions to the problems of wildlife protection and then discuss them with partners and present the results of discussion.5. Master the pronunciation of stressed syllables.1. Learn from the stars like Prince William and Yao Ming and enhance the awareness of protecting wildlife.2. Guide students to try to put forward the solutions to the problems of wildlife protection and then discuss them with partners and present the results of discussion.3. Learn to use the sentences such as “I’m concerned about.... But now they are in danger. I want to know the reasons/why./ What can we do to protect them ?4. Master the pronunciation of stressed syllables.Part A Listening and Speaking--- How to save endangered wildlifeStep 1 Lead in1. Point at the pictures on P14 and ask Q1: What message do these posters share?
The theme of this unit is human and nature, focusing on the theme of wildlife protection. Nature is a complex ecosystem, in which there are delicate balance between animals and plants. Because of the role of the food chain, the extinction of one species will produce influence, causing a series of chain reaction. Large scale extinction of species will have a serious and even irreversible impact on the ecosystem, resulting in immeasurable losses. Therefore, it is of great significance to protect wild species. To protect wild species is to protect human beings themselves. The motto of this unit is "when the buying stops, the killing can too,” which is a public service advertising slogan to protect wildlife. It tells people that every rhinoceros horn, every fur, every bowl of shark fin soup, every Ivory product, and every tiger bone product, etc. consumed by human beings, are innocent wild animals slaughtered behind them. The mission of wild aid is to ban illegal trade in endangered wildlife and mitigate climate change. It aims to educate the public to reduce the consumption demand for endangered wildlife products through public publicity and improve the awareness of environmental protection.1. Improve the awareness of wildlife protection by acquiring the knowledge of wildlife protection.2. Focus on environmental protection and protection of all lives.3. Analysis of the living environment of wild animals with appropriate thinking mode.4. Skillfully use the vocabulary and grammar knowledge of this unit to cultivate self-study ability according to the unit content5. Develop cooperative learning ability through discussion and other ways1. Enable the Ss to talk about the current situation of wild animals.2. Guide the Ss to summarize the main idea of each paragraph as well as the main idea of the text.
1. 標題首先根據(jù)海報的特點、格式寫明標題。海報中往往把內(nèi)容作為大標題。例如: Save the earth, Save the birds。2. 正文部分不同的海報其正文部分的側(cè)重點不同。對于介紹性的海報, 首先要引出話題, 其次列出原因, 最后是總結(jié)。對于宣傳類的海報, 要寫明具體內(nèi)容, 如: 活動內(nèi)容, 地點以及參加活動的注意事項, 主持或舉辦單位等。1. 圖片: 要選擇引人注目的圖片, 與主題要相關(guān), 色彩明亮。話題句式 1. It is a treasure of our country. 它是我國的國寶。2. Believe it or not, at present only several thousand pandas exist in the world. 信不信由你, 目前世界上僅現(xiàn)存幾千只熊貓。 3.It’s because of human activities that tigers are endangered. 正是因為人類的活動, 老虎處于瀕危的狀態(tài)。4. Many wild animals are in danger of dying out. 很多野生動物面臨著滅絕的危險。 5. The government has taken effective measures to protect them. 政府已采取有效的措施來保護它們。6. People should raise the awareness of the protection of wild animals. 人們應(yīng)該提高保護野生動物的意識。 7. It’s amazing that there are merely less than 1, 000 finless porpoises living in China. 非常令人吃驚, 目前中國僅有不足1 000只江豚。
1.薩赫勒地區(qū)位于撤哈拉沙漠的南緣。請根據(jù)下面的圖文資料,并聯(lián)系已學知識,分析薩赫勒地區(qū)的氣候等自然特征,并說明荒漠化的潛在自然因素。點撥:資料表明薩林勒地區(qū)正處于干旱與半干旱、熱帶沙漠與熱帶草原的過渡地帶;津德爾是其中有代表性的居民點,其月均溫都在22℃以上,甚至達到33℃,可想而知其蒸發(fā)量是巨大的。在降水方面,這里的年降水量不足500毫米,且基本集中在夏季,特別是7、8兩個月。以其有限的而且特別集中的降水狀況與其全年的高溫、高蒸發(fā)量相比,確實是個容易產(chǎn)生環(huán)境問題的敏感地區(qū)??陀^上,這里就潛在著荒漠化的自然因素,這是本地區(qū)的地理位置和當?shù)氐乃疅釛l件所決定的。2.氣候的嚴酷性決定了薩赫勒地區(qū)的傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)濟以自給性質(zhì)的游牧業(yè)為主。20世紀以來,隨著沿岸國家人口和經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展及本區(qū)交通條件的改善,這里的傳統(tǒng)游牧經(jīng)濟向商品性的定居牧業(yè)經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)化。
【設(shè)計思想】詩歌教學的關(guān)鍵是感受詩景,體味詩情,領(lǐng)悟詩意,在此基礎(chǔ)上孕育理解能力、鑒賞能力和審美情感。詩景、詩情、詩意均由文字來承載,把握文字組合的張力,是讀詩賞詩的抓手。杜甫的詩歌素以煉字精深、涵蓋深遠著稱,以《登高》而言,往往淡淡一字,平平一語,便籠大千于方寸,縮古今于一瞬。故細讀文本,咀嚼字句,便是賞景、悟情、會意的基本路徑。其次,不朽名作的特點是寄寓深廣,古今評價甚多,見仁見智,不一而足。這正是培養(yǎng)學生問題意識、探究意識的極好憑借。第三,詩為語言之精華,是詩人心里涌出的情感之流。誦讀乃賞詩之要著,精心感悟之時,設(shè)身處地,心惟口誦,是理解詩意的關(guān)鍵一步?;谑?,筆者作如下同課異構(gòu),殊途同歸?!窘虒W目標】1.理解本詩所繪之景、所抒之情及繪景、抒情之法。2.學會用意象疊加法、字句推敲法、誦讀體驗法等欣賞詩歌。3.感受杜甫心系蒼生、情寄邦國、憂國憂民、兼濟天下的博大情懷。
知識和技能 1、指導(dǎo)學生繪制氣壓帶和風帶分布示意圖,從中分析大氣運動的規(guī)律性,并培養(yǎng)和提高學生繪制原理形成示意圖的地理技能。2、運用海陸熱力差異原理進行解釋,加強學 生對半球冬夏季氣壓中心的形成和分布的理解解。3、使學生理解氣壓帶和風帶對氣候的影響。過程與方法 1、通過三圈環(huán)流模擬演示,培養(yǎng)學生的空間思維能力。2、通過對海陸分布對大氣環(huán)流影響的兩圖示的對比分析,讓學生讀圖思考氣壓帶、風帶的分布規(guī)律和原因。3、利用成因分析法引導(dǎo)學生探究氣壓帶和風帶對氣候的影響機制。情感、態(tài)度與價值觀1、培養(yǎng)學生辯證唯物主義觀。2、培養(yǎng)學生理論聯(lián)系實際的能力。教學重點1、氣壓帶和風帶的分布。2、北半球氣壓中心冬夏分布及對氣候的影響。3、氣壓帶和風帶對氣候的影響。
【教學目標】 1.理解人口數(shù)量在社會的發(fā)展過程中的變化趨勢,并能一一解釋其原因;2.理解發(fā)達國家和發(fā)展中國家人口增長的差異和成因,并理解不同國家有不同的人口政策;3.運用圖表分析世界人口增長模式的特點,并比較人口增長模式的時間和空間的差異;4.通過學習,能讀懂并分析人口增長坐標圖;同時能辯證地認識人口增長的不同狀況采取的人口政策也不同?!窘虒W重、難點及解決辦法] 】重點:分析并比較人口增長模式在時間和空間上的差異難點:理解人口增長模式的三個指標解決方法:讀圖分析比較法 調(diào)查研究法 案例分析法 自主學習與合作探究 【教學準備】多媒體課件缺勤登記:【板書設(shè)計】第一節(jié)人口數(shù)量的變化第一節(jié) 人口數(shù)量的變化一、人口的自然增長(一)人口在數(shù)量變化在時間上是不均勻的(二)世界人口增長在空間上的差異——不均衡二、人口的增長模式及其轉(zhuǎn)變
(一)導(dǎo)入[以視頻欣賞導(dǎo)入]同學們,剛才欣賞的是大家熟悉、喜歡的電視劇《亮劍》中的精彩片段——李云龍論述什么是“亮劍”精神?同學們聽后覺得好不好?牛不牛?“亮劍”精神簡單理解就是敢于與強大的敵人(對手)做斗爭,無論對手多么強大,都要滿腔勇氣和信心,永不放棄、永不言敗,要敢于亮劍……今天我們一起來學習世界100部著名文學作品之一、美國里程碑式30部文學作品之一的世界名著——海明威的《老人與海》,看看主人公桑提亞哥“硬漢”性格和李云龍“亮劍”精神有么相似的地方。(請同學們翻到課文,課件顯示課題《老人與?!罚ǘ┳哌M作者:請同學們自己談收集到的有關(guān)海明威的資料,然后教師梳理出下列核心內(nèi)容識記:(課件顯示)海明威(1899~1961),美國現(xiàn)代作家,20世紀美國文學史上最耀眼的名字之一。早期作品表現(xiàn)了第一次世界大戰(zhàn)青年一代的彷徨情緒,以“迷惘的一代”的代表著稱。20世紀末回到美國,寫了不小以拳擊家、漁民、獵人等為主人公的短篇小說,創(chuàng)造了“硬漢子”性格。
(1)請同學們結(jié)合日常生活實例和教材分析說明人類要在世界各地消除貧困并保持人口的合理容量任務(wù)的艱巨性?(2)采取何種措施才能更好的解決這一問題的出現(xiàn)?教師總結(jié)(1)現(xiàn)實中的人口問題(如人口過快增長、人口城市化和人口老齡化等)引發(fā)了嚴重的資源問題和環(huán)境問題。①發(fā)達國家的人均消耗資源量很大,索取資源和轉(zhuǎn)嫁有害生產(chǎn)的地域超出了本國的范圍。②發(fā)展中國家不僅人口數(shù)量多,人均消費水平低,而且一些國家的人口仍在快速增長。若在現(xiàn)有的經(jīng)濟基礎(chǔ)上,把發(fā)展中國家人均生活質(zhì)量提高到與發(fā)達國家相當?shù)乃?,所引發(fā)的資源短缺和環(huán)境問題將會相當嚴重,解決的難度也很大。(2)I就整個世界來說:①國際社會要倡導(dǎo)各國,尤其發(fā)展中國家要盡最大可能把人口控制在合理的規(guī)模之內(nèi);②建立公平的秩序,保證大多數(shù)人擁有不斷追求高水平生活質(zhì)量的平等權(quán)利。
2.由于附近金礦生產(chǎn)廢棄物尾礦砂的堆積,孫家村的大溝里十幾年來就吃掉了近百畝土地,使人均耕地下降到0.03公頃。村里和礦上共同商量,共同開發(fā)復(fù)墾,由礦上出錢,村里出勞力、機械,運來“客土”覆蓋到尾礦填平的溝壑上,形成耕地。十年來,通過這種方式恢復(fù)耕地15.335公頃,不僅解決了尾礦污染問題,而且村里耕地由25公頃多增加到40公頃?!舅伎肌糠治鲆陨蟽蓚€例子,哪一個體現(xiàn)了可持續(xù)發(fā)展的原則,為什么?【分析】第二個材料體現(xiàn)了可持續(xù)發(fā)展。因為材料1用農(nóng)田堆放垃圾會破壞土地肥力,影響農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn),又污染環(huán)境,危害村民健康。這種行為目光短淺,只顧眼前利益,沒有考慮長遠發(fā)展。材料2既解決了尾礦污染問題,又增加了耕地面積,耕地是可再生資源,利用得當,可為村民提供農(nóng)產(chǎn)品,解決溫飽同時創(chuàng)造經(jīng)濟效益,達到良性循環(huán)。所以說保護環(huán)境就是挽救人類,我們要將這種意識轉(zhuǎn)化為自身行為,使人地關(guān)系走向和諧。
影響我國古代人口大規(guī)模遷移的因素,與影響我國近幾十年人口遷移的因素有何不同?(古代:戰(zhàn)亂,其次為開疆拓土、流放、戍邊等?,F(xiàn)代:國家政策、社會變革、經(jīng)濟發(fā)展、個人需求等。)2、為什么有這樣的不同?(古代人口遷移受統(tǒng)治者及其行政力量的束縛。由于自給自足的經(jīng)濟十分脆弱,加之頻繁的戰(zhàn)爭以及自然災(zāi)害等影響,人民難以安居樂業(yè),不得不背井離鄉(xiāng)大批遷移。近幾十年來隨著社會經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展、貿(mào)易的往來和交通的便捷,我國人口遷移不僅數(shù)量增加,而且頻率加快,使各地人們的交往更加密切。)教師總結(jié):從古今中外的人口遷移現(xiàn)象中,我們可以看出在人類歷史早期人口遷移中重要的因素是什么?(自然因素)現(xiàn)在什么因素起重要作用?(經(jīng)濟因素)。但是在某種特定的時空條件下,任何一種因素都有可能成為促使人口遷移的決定性因素?!咀鳂I(yè)設(shè)計】查閱49年以來中國歷年的人口數(shù)據(jù)資料,繪制人口增長的統(tǒng)計圖表,探究中國人口增長的發(fā)展趨勢
(1)主人公大衛(wèi)·科波菲爾:大衛(wèi)·科波菲爾是《大衛(wèi)·科波菲爾》中的主人公,曾經(jīng)是個孤兒。作家描寫了他從孤兒成長為一個具有人道主義精神的資產(chǎn)階級民主主義作家的過程。他善良,誠摯,聰明,勤奮好學,有自強不息的勇氣、百折不回的毅力和積極進取的精神,在逆境中滿懷信心,在順境中加倍努力,終于獲得了事業(yè)上的成功和家庭的幸福。在這個人物身上寄托著狄更斯的道德理想。(2)《大衛(wèi)·科波菲爾》中的女性形象:在狄更斯筆下,《大衛(wèi)·科波菲爾》塑造了一個個有血有肉的人物形象,每個任務(wù)都給人留下了深刻的印象,尤其是成功塑造了不同性格、不同品德的女性形象:貝西姨婆、艾妮斯、佩葛蒂、克拉拉、朵拉、摩德斯通小姐、米考伯太太、艾米麗……貝西姨婆與摩德斯通小姐的對比,克拉拉、朵拉與艾妮斯的對比更使她們栩栩如生,對貝西姨婆、艾妮斯、佩葛蒂的愛就更深一層,對摩德斯通小姐更是恨之入骨,對朵拉、克拉拉既同情又氣憤。
五.研習第一段:1.誦讀指導(dǎo)要處理好句中停頓2.請學生對照注釋翻譯本段重點詞句:學不可以已已:停止。青,取之于藍而青于藍于:從;比。木直中繩中:zhàng符合,合于。雖有槁暴,不復(fù)挺者,揉使之然也有通又,揉通煣,以火烘木,使其彎曲。然:這樣。翻譯:故木受繩則直,金就礪則利,君子博學而日參省乎己,則知明而行無過矣。所以木材經(jīng)墨線畫過(再用斧鋸加工)就直了,金屬刀劍拿到磨刀石上(磨過)就鋒利了,君子廣博地學習并且每天對自己檢驗反省,就能智慧明達,行為沒有過錯了。3.本段是從哪個角度論述中心論點的?明確:本段是從學習的意義這個角度論述中心論點的。荀子認為人的知識、道德、才能都不是天生成的,而是后天不斷學習獲得的,學習的意義十分重大,所以學習不能停止。4.本段中幾個比喻句是為了說明什么道理?學生討論發(fā)言,教師明確:
結(jié)合歷史自古以來,江山美人歷來都是引無數(shù)英雄豪杰競折腰的,如果說英雄選擇了美人卻丟了江山,把所有罪名都歸結(jié)于“女人是禍水”。但是,紂王無道,和有了妲己有必然的聯(lián)系嗎?有人說妲己壞透了,壞透了的妲己如果不是取得紂王的信任是壞不起來的,紂王聽信了妲己的讒言,聽與不聽決定權(quán)在紂王,而不在妲己。強勢永遠在紂王一邊。再來看看西施和楊貴妃:西施是作為越國貢獻給吳國的供品來到吳王夫差的身邊的,楊貴妃更是先是李隆基的兒媳婦被看中而得寵的。所以,西施和楊貴妃這兩個可憐的女人根本沒有自己的獨立選擇,沒有獨立的愛情,如果沒有西施,就會有南施,或北施;如果沒有楊貴妃,就會有李貴妃,王貴妃,總之什么施,什么妃是不能少的,因為那是吳王和李隆基的需要。
The theme of the reading and thinking is about “Understanding how a problem was solved”.The Listening & Speaking & Talking is about international co-work to protect the Mount Tai, in which the students from seven countries came up with many solutions even create the Mount Tai App. This section aims at showing how to solve a difficult and even tough problem about protecting the cultural heritage by the international co-work. So in this section, cultivating students’ international awareness is very clear and important. Concretely, with the economic development, how to balance the protection of cultural relics and social development is a big challenge for human. In the 1950s, the Egyptian government wanted to build the Aswan Dam across the Nile to control floods, produce electricity and water farms. But the proposal led to protests because it would destroy a lot of cultural relics. The Egyptian had no choice but ask the UN for help. Therefore, a international cooperation about how to protect the cultural relics began, which involved the time length about 20 years and a large amount of fund. Then, the problems was solved. 1. Read quickly to get the main idea and the structure of the article; read careful to get detailed information.2. Learn to use the reading strategy---making a timeline3. Learn how to solve a tough problem by asking for help and cooperation4. Have the international awareness and understand the great strength of international cooperation.1. Read quickly to get the main idea and the structure of the article; read careful to get detailed information.2. Learn to use the reading strategy---making a timeline.3. Learn how to solve a tough problem by asking for help and cooperation.
This unit is about the Internet, which has a great influence to our humans and our lives. During the Listening & Speaking & Talking and Reading and Thinking section, the influence in examples has been shown. Thus, use the Present Perfect Tense is appropriate. However, in order to show the justice or weaken the doer of the behavior/action, it’s better to use the Present Perfect Passive Voice than the Present Perfect Tense. Besides, having learned to use the Present Perfect Passive Voice, students can beautify their language in their writing. 1. Learn the structure of the Present Perfect Passive Voice and its functions. 2. Learn to change the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice into the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice. 3. Learn to write sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice flexibly according to the context. 1. Learn the structure of the Present Perfect Passive Voice and its functions. 2. Learn to change the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice into the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice. 3. Learn to write sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice flexibly according to the context. Step 1 Observe the following sentences, then change the sentences into passive voice.He has been selected to take part in the sports meeting.(肯定句)他已被挑選出來參加運動會。The ink has not been removed from his overcoat.(否定句)墨跡還沒有從他外套上去掉。