The theme of this unit focuses on “space exploration.” Students will learn about the training and experience needed to become an astronaut. The text is mainly about the development of space exploration. On the one hand, the text helps students to have a good understanding about the great feats humans have achieved, on the other hand, they will further understand the contributions that we Chinese have achieved, and feel confident and proud about our homeland and strengthen their love for our country. The teacher should instruct students to aim high and study harder to make great progress in the space career if possible.1. Read about the development and value of space exploration.2. Explore the mysteries of the universe and the achievements in space exploration.3. Skillfully use the vocabulary of this text to cultivate self-study ability 4. Develop cooperative learning ability through discussion.1. Enable the Ss to talk about the development and value of space exploration.2. Guide the Ss to summarize the main idea of each paragraph as well as the main idea of the text.3. Help Ss comprehend the main reasons for space exploration. Multi-media, textbook, notebooks.Step 1: Warming up and predictionLook at the title and the pictures of the text and predict what the text will be about?2. What are the main reasons for space exploration?
Q4: What is the function of the International exploration ?Having astronauts from different countries on boardQ5: What can you learn from Para 4 ?China has made great achievements in exploring spaceQ6: What is the attitude to the space exploration ?SupportiveStep 6 Post reading---RetellPeople have always wanted to learn more about space. Before the mid-20th century, most people felt (1)_________ (travel) into space was an impossible dream. However, (2)____ the help of scientists, peoplesucceeded in realizing their dream (3) _________ (explore) space. On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite (4) ____________(launch) by the USSR. (5) ________________ scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen. These disasters made everyone(6)___________(disappoint), but people still believe in the importance of (7) ________(carry) on space exploration. In 2003, China became the third country to (8)_____________ (independent) send humans into space. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed (9)____ second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk. In spite of the difficulties, scientists hope future (10)__________ (discovery) will not only enable us to understand the universe but also help us survive well into the future.Answers: 1. travelling 2. with 3. to explore 4. was launched 5. Although6. disappointed 7. carrying 8. independently 9. a 10. discoveriesStep 6 Post reading---Critical thinkingQ1: What do you think of the space exploration ? I think it is beneficial to us. Through further study of space, people will make full use of it in the future, such as the space experiments by Wang Yaping in Tian Gong 1.Q2: If you are determined to be an astronaut, what should you prepare at present ?First of all, I should study hard to get a related college degree. Besides, I must keep mental and physical healthy.Step 7. HomeworkTry to summarize the structure of the article by a mind map.
⑦在我看來, 探索太空是值得的。As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space.Step 10 Writing---draftRecently, students in our class have had heated a discussion on whether space is worth exploring. Students hold different ideas about it.30% of us think space exploration is not worthwhile. They think space is too far away from us and our daily life and is a waste of money. And the money spent on space exploration can be used to solve the earth’s problems such as starvation and pollution.On the other hand,70% think space is worth exploring because we have benefited a lot from it,such as using satellites for communication and weather forecast. What’s more,with further space research,we may solve the population problem by moving to other planets one day. Also,space research will enable us to find new sources to solve the problem of energy shortages on the earth.As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space. Not only can it promote the development of society but also enrich our life. Step 11 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1.Does the writer explain why he/she changed/wanted to change?2.Does the writer tell how the changes have improved or will improve his/her life?3.Is the text well-organised?4.Does the writer use words and expressions to show similarities and differences?5.Are there any grammar or spelling errors?6.Does the writer use correct punctuation?
另一方面,其余的人反對這個計劃,因為它可能會導(dǎo)致一些不好的影響。7.I hold the belief that space exploration not only enable us to understand how the universe began but also help us survived well into the future.我堅信探索太空不僅能夠使我們了解宇宙的起源而且能夠幫助我們更好地走進(jìn)未來。8.I think we should spend more time and money exploring space so as to provide new and better solutions to people's shortterm and longterm problems.為了給人類的短期和長期問題提供更新和更好的解決方法,我認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)該花更多的時間和金錢來探索太空。9.From my point of view,it is wrong of young people to depend on their telephones too much,which may do harm to both their physical and mental health.在我看來,年輕人過度依賴手機(jī)是不對的,因為它們可能會對他們的身心健康都有害。最近你班同學(xué)就“人類是否應(yīng)該進(jìn)行宇宙探索”這個問題進(jìn)行了激烈的討論。有人認(rèn)為,探索宇宙不僅讓人類更好地了解宇宙的發(fā)展,還可以用來指導(dǎo)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn),以及把一些探索太空的高新技術(shù)用于現(xiàn)實生活;也有一些人認(rèn)為探索太空花掉了大量的人力物力;影響了人們的生活水平。請你根據(jù)以下情況寫一篇報告并發(fā)表自己的觀點。注意:1.寫作內(nèi)容應(yīng)包括以上全部要點,可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮,使上下文連貫;
Step 3 Meaning1. 過去將來時表示從過去某一時間來看將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài), 常用在賓語從句中。一般由“would/should +動詞原形”構(gòu)成。She hoped that they would meet again someday. 她希望將來有一天他們能再見面。2. was/were going to+動詞原形: 表示過去將要發(fā)生或很有可能發(fā)生的動作, 常用于口語中, 表示預(yù)言、意圖或者打算等。He was going to start work the following week. 他打算下星期開始工作。3. was/were about to do: 常用來表示即將發(fā)生的動作, “剛要/正要做……”。注意該結(jié)構(gòu)不與任何時間狀語連用。I felt that something terrible was about to happen. 我感到某種可怕的事情即將發(fā)生。4.was/were to do: 表示“曾計劃做某事”, 如果表示“本來計劃做某事, 動作沒實現(xiàn)”, 則需用 “was/were to have done”。She said she was to have told me about the accident. 她說她本來想告訴我關(guān)于事故的事。5.Start, go, come, leave, see, meet等動詞的過去進(jìn)行時: 表示就過去某一時刻而言即將發(fā)生的動作。She was coming later. 她隨后就來。I had just put on my overcoat and was leaving to visit a friend of mine. 我剛穿上外套要去看我的一個朋友。
Everybody wants to get wealth.In today’s material world,making money or becoming wealthy symbolizes a person’s success and capability. Many people just make every effort, pay any price to attain greater wealth. With money,they can buy nice, large apartments in nice neighborhood. With money they can own luxurious cars. Wealth seems to bring all happiness in life.But is wealth the only road to happiness? Not really. There are many things in the world, which are beyond the means of money, such as friendship, love, health and knowledge. People are so preoccupied with struggling for money that they have no time or would not take the time to form or maintain friendship. What happiness can they feel living as lonely miserable creatures without love or friends in the world even if they accumulate tremendous wealth?In my opinion, people can’t do anything without money, but money is not everything. What money will bring you depends on your personal belief and goal in life. If you are kind enough to help others, especially the poor, money is a good thing to you. With it, you can do much more for the benefit of people and your country, and it will add to your own happiness. If you want money just for your own needs, you’ll never be satisfied or happy. In a word,you should have money spent for more people. Only then can money be the source of your happiness.Step 8 Homework4 students in a group, one acts Roderick, one Oliver, one servant and the fourth one acts Henry Adams, then listen to the tape, pay more attention to the difference between American English and British English in pronunciation, stress, tone.
【參考范文】Narrator:(Henry is smiling as he leaves the restaurant. As he is walking down the street, he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to get it cut. )H=Henry;B=Barber;R=rude manH:Good afternoon, I'd like to get a cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry's hair and continues cutting another man's hair. )Er, I'd really like a haircut. As you can see it's much too long. B:(in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H:Fine, well I'll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber's chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B:It's quite expensive here, you know!Are you sure you can afford it?H:Yes. I think so. (In comes the rude man. )R:Hey you there. I need a haircut quickly. Can you do me straightaway?B:All right, then, get in the chair and I'll see what I can do. R:Thank you. (sits down in one of the barber's chairs)H:Excuse me, but I was here first. Aren't you going to do my hair first?B:This man's in a hurry. H:Well so am I!I insist that you cut my hair first. B:OK, but I'll have to be quick. This gentleman is waiting. H:Thank you. (They both become quiet. After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B:Why, Mr . . . (looks shocked)H:Adams. Henry Adams. I'm sorry, I don't have any change. R:You're that Mr Adams! Well,I'm glad I waited or I might never have known it was you. B:Why, Mr Adams, please don't worry!(wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about!Nothing at all!Please come back any time, even if you only need too little hairs cut!It will be my honour to serve you!
生1:加強(qiáng)對綠色食品的宣傳和扶持力度。當(dāng)前的形勢迫切要求我們發(fā)展綠色食品,因為綠色食品是真正實現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的,做到了發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)和環(huán)境保護(hù)相結(jié)合,而且有利于增進(jìn)人民身體健康。但目前綠色食品在市場上難成氣候,主要是宣傳和扶持不夠。生2:綠色食品對環(huán)境、生長過程、加工過程以及運輸?shù)冗^程都有很嚴(yán)格的要求,很多環(huán)境相對優(yōu)良的地區(qū)都是邊遠(yuǎn)落后地區(qū),必須給予政策上的扶持和優(yōu)惠,才能降低成本,市場發(fā)展前景才會更加廣闊?;顒优c探究對當(dāng)?shù)鼐G色食品市場情況作調(diào)查并初步分析?;顒拥膶嵤┻^程:1.確定調(diào)查研究的目標(biāo)并制定調(diào)查研究的計劃。市場調(diào)查要深入廣大消費者,可以去市場上做調(diào)查,‘對象包括消費者和經(jīng)營者。形式可以是問卷,也可以是現(xiàn)場采訪。弄清楚被調(diào)查者對綠色食品的態(tài)度,是否了解食用綠色食品的意義,是否懂得鑒別綠色食品等。對象力求涉及各個年齡段,多種職業(yè)。2.對問卷調(diào)查進(jìn)行整理、分析,得出結(jié)論。
1.根據(jù)下面的材料,歸納珠江三角洲發(fā)展基塘生產(chǎn)有利的地理條件。珠江三角洲地勢低平,河網(wǎng)密布,降水充沛。北回歸線從珠江三角洲的北部穿過。桑樹和甘蔗主要分布于熱帶和亞熱帶。廣州是古代海上絲綢之路的起始地之一。水產(chǎn)品在廣東人的食物結(jié)構(gòu)中占有較大的比重。點撥珠江三角洲地區(qū)發(fā)展基塘農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)有利條件可以結(jié)合材料,歸納為三個方面:地形、氣候、市場(當(dāng)?shù)睾秃M猓┚唧w分析略。2.圖4.16所示的基塘生產(chǎn)將哪些產(chǎn)業(yè)聯(lián)系起來?哪些副產(chǎn)品(或廢棄物)被充分利用起來?這種聯(lián)系對農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展有什么作用?點撥基塘生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)將種植業(yè)(桑、蔗等)、養(yǎng)殖業(yè)(養(yǎng)蠶、養(yǎng)魚)、工業(yè)(絲廠、糖廠)等幾種產(chǎn)業(yè)緊密的聯(lián)系在一起。在此環(huán)節(jié)中,塘泥、蠶沙(蠶屎)、蠶蛹、繅絲、濾泥、蔗葉等副產(chǎn)品被充分的回收利用。養(yǎng)蠶業(yè)、蔗糖加工業(yè)同塘魚養(yǎng)殖業(yè)緊密結(jié)合,作為一種綜合的經(jīng)營,幾者之間相互依存、相互促進(jìn)、揚長補(bǔ)短,有機(jī)地循環(huán)聯(lián)系起來。
1.閱讀圖5.16,說明產(chǎn)業(yè)向國外轉(zhuǎn)移對日本經(jīng)濟(jì)的不利影響。點撥:圖5.16直觀的顯示了產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移對日本經(jīng)濟(jì)的不利影響:形成“產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移出去的多,轉(zhuǎn)移進(jìn)來的少→國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)投資不足,生產(chǎn)困難→市場萎縮→產(chǎn)業(yè)向外轉(zhuǎn)移,外資不愿進(jìn)入”的惡性循環(huán)。2.盡管重化工業(yè)的環(huán)境污染比較嚴(yán)重,但是卻能為工業(yè)化的發(fā)展提供堅實的基礎(chǔ),因此成為發(fā)達(dá)工業(yè)的象征。日本、韓國的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展都經(jīng)歷了由輕工業(yè)(勞動密集型)到重化工業(yè)(資源密集型和資金密集型)到高科技工業(yè)(技術(shù)密集型)的階段。(1)為什么日本、韓國在重點發(fā)展重化工業(yè)之前,要先發(fā)展勞動密集型工業(yè)?點撥:重化工業(yè)的發(fā)展一方面需要有一定的工業(yè)基礎(chǔ)和技術(shù)工人,另一方面需要投入大量的資金,先發(fā)展勞動密集型工業(yè)有利于利用勞動力資源豐富且廉價的優(yōu)勢,積累資金和造就產(chǎn)業(yè)工人。所以,勞動力豐富的發(fā)展中國家或地區(qū)的工業(yè)化往往從優(yōu)先發(fā)展勞動密集型工業(yè)開始。
導(dǎo)語在必修第一冊中,我們研究了函數(shù)的單調(diào)性,并利用函數(shù)單調(diào)性等知識,定性的研究了一次函數(shù)、指數(shù)函數(shù)、對數(shù)函數(shù)增長速度的差異,知道“對數(shù)增長” 是越來越慢的,“指數(shù)爆炸” 比“直線上升” 快得多,進(jìn)一步的能否精確定量的刻畫變化速度的快慢呢,下面我們就來研究這個問題。新知探究問題1 高臺跳水運動員的速度高臺跳水運動中,運動員在運動過程中的重心相對于水面的高度h(單位:m)與起跳后的時間t(單位:s)存在函數(shù)關(guān)系h(t)=-4.9t2+4.8t+11.如何描述用運動員從起跳到入水的過程中運動的快慢程度呢?直覺告訴我們,運動員從起跳到入水的過程中,在上升階段運動的越來越慢,在下降階段運動的越來越快,我們可以把整個運動時間段分成許多小段,用運動員在每段時間內(nèi)的平均速度v ?近似的描述它的運動狀態(tài)。
The topic of this part is “Describe a place with distinctive cultural identity”.This section focuses on Chinese culture by introducing Chinatown, whose purpose is to show the relationship between the Chinese culture and American culture. The Chinese culture in Chinatown is an important part of American culture. Chinatown is an important window of spreading Chinese culture and the spirit homeland of oversea Chinese, where foreigners can experience Chinese culture by themselves.Concretely, the title is “Welcome to Chinatown!”, from which we can know that the article aims at introducing Chinatown. The author used the “Introduction--Body Paragraph--Conclusion” to describe the people, language, architecture, business, famous food and drinks and people’s activities, which can be a centre for Chinese culture and shows its unique charm.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information.2. Learn the characteristics of writing and language.3. Learn to introduce your own town according to the text.4. Learn to correct others’ writing.1. Learn the characteristics of writing and language.2. Learn to introduce your own town according to the text.Step 1 Lead in ---Small talkIn the reading part, we mentioned the Chinatown of San Francisco. How much do you know about Chinatown of San Francisco ?Chinatown is a main living place for Chinese immigrants, where you can see many Chinese-style buildings, costumes, operas, restaurants, music and even hear Chinese.Step 2 Before reading ---Predict the contentWhat is the writer’s purpose of writing this text ? How do you know ?From the title(Welcome to Chinatown) and some key words from the text(tourist, visit, visitors, experience), we can know the purpose of the text is to introduce Chinatown and show the relationship between Chinese culture and American culture.
The theme of the section is “Describe space facts and efforts to explore space”. Infinitives are one of non-finite verbs, as the subjects, objects, predicative, attributes and adverbials. This unit is about space exploration, which is a significant scientific activity, so every scientific activity has strong planning. Therefore, using the infinitives to show its purpose, explanations or restrictions is the best choice.1. Learn the structure, functions and features of infinitives.2. Learn to summarize some rules about infinitives to show purpose and modify.3. Learn to use infinitives in oral and writing English. 1. Learn the structure, functions and features of infinitives.2. Learn to summarize some rules about infinitives to show purpose and modify.3. Learn to use use infinitives in oral and writing English.Step 1 Lead in---Pair workLook at the following sentences and focus on the italicized infinitives. In pairs, discuss their functions. 1. I trained for a long time to fly airplanes as a fighter pilot..(作目的狀語)2. As we all know, an astronaut needs to be healthy and calm in order to work in space..(作目的狀語)3. First of all, you must be intelligent enough to get a related college degree..(作目的狀語)4. Some scientist were determined to help humans realise their dream to explore space..(作定語)5. On 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space..(作定語)Summary:1. 不定式的結(jié)構(gòu):to+do原形。2. 分析上面的句子,我們知道在描述太空探索時,動詞不定式不僅可以用來表目的,還可以用來作定語,表修飾。
Step 4: Listen again and decide if the following statements are true (T) or false (F).1 It was the first time Chen Liyan's story was reported. T口 F口2 Chen found 10,000 yuan in a small plastic bag in Taiyuan railway station口 F口3 Wang Zheng apologized to Chen because he couldn't offer her more money. T口 F口4 Chen took out a large loan to cure her daughter, T口 F口5 Wang set up a fundraising website for Chen's daughter after Chen told him about her situation. T口 F口Step 5:After listening, discuss the questions.1 What kind of person do you think Chen Liyan is?Chen Liyan is generous and honest because she returned a large sum of money to the owner.2 Did Chen return the money because she didn't need it?No. She returned the money because it was the right thing to do. Evidence for this is that she refused to accept the reward money because she felt that it had not been earned. 3 Is it common for people to do what Chen did?It depends on the culture. In some countries it is quite common to return money that has been found. In other countries, people believe "Finders are keepers!" 4 How did Wang Zheng feel about the return of his money?He must have been very happy and relieved to have gotten his money back. We know this because he thanked Chen repeatedly and even offered her a reward.5 Why did Ma Dongbao tell Wang about Chen's family?He must have had great sympathy for Chen and her daughter and wanted to help them.'We know this because he arranged help for them. 6 How did the news reporter feel about Chen's actions?The news reporter felt that it showed that money wasn't the most important thing in life. We know this because the reporter told us that this is what Chen believes. and then said, “that's a great attitude to take."
4.They were going to find someone to take part in their bet when they saw Henry walking on the street outside.[歸納]1.過去將來時的基本構(gòu)成和用法過去將來時由“would+動詞原形”構(gòu)成,主要表示從過去某一時間來看將要發(fā)生的動作(尤其用于賓語從句中),還可以表示過去的動作習(xí)慣或傾向。Jeff knew he would be tired the next day.He promised that he would not open the letter until 2 o'clock.She said that she wouldn't do that again.2.表示過去將來時的其他表達(dá)法(1)was/were going to+動詞原形:該結(jié)構(gòu)有兩個主要用法,一是表示過去的打算,二是表示在過去看來有跡象表明將要發(fā)生某事。I thought it was going to rain.(2)was/were to+動詞原形:主要表示過去按計劃或安排要做的事情。She said she was to get married next month.(3)was/were about to+動詞原形:表示在過去看來即將要發(fā)生的動作,由于本身已含有“即將”的意味,所以不再與表示具體的將來時間狀語連用。I was about to go to bed when the phone rang.(4)was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞:表示在過去看來即將發(fā)生的動作,通??捎糜谠摻Y(jié)構(gòu)中的動詞是come,go,leave,arrive,begin,start,stop,close,open,die,join,borrow,buy等瞬間動詞。Jack said he was leaving tomorrow.
5.循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)當(dāng)前,發(fā)展循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)和知識經(jīng)濟(jì)已成為國際社會的兩大趨勢,有的發(fā)達(dá)國家甚至以立法的方式加以推進(jìn)。循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)本質(zhì)上是一種生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì),它要求運用生態(tài)學(xué)規(guī)律而不是機(jī)械的規(guī)律來指導(dǎo)人類社會的經(jīng)濟(jì)活動,減量化、再利用和資源化是其三大原則。傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)濟(jì)是一種“資源——產(chǎn)品——污染排放”單向流動的線性經(jīng)濟(jì),特征是高開采、低利用、高排放;與之不同,循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)倡導(dǎo)的是一種與環(huán)境和諧的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展模式,它要求把經(jīng)濟(jì)活動組織成一個“資源——產(chǎn)品——再生資源”的反饋式流程,特征是低開采、高利用、低排放。目前,我國已經(jīng)把發(fā)展循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)作為編制“十一五”規(guī)劃的重要指導(dǎo)原則。6.當(dāng)心被優(yōu)勢“絆倒”有三個旅行者同時住進(jìn)一家旅店,早上同時出門旅游。晚上歸來時,拿傘的人淋得渾身是水,拿拐杖的人跌得滿身是傷,而什么也沒有帶的人卻安然無恙。
一、教材分析 《真正的哲學(xué)都是自己時代精神上的精華》是人教版高中政治必修四第3章第1框的教學(xué)內(nèi)容,主要學(xué)習(xí)哲學(xué)與時代的關(guān)系。二、教學(xué)目標(biāo)1.知識目標(biāo):識記哲學(xué)是時代的精神上的精華;理解哲學(xué)與時代的關(guān)系。2.能力目標(biāo):培養(yǎng)學(xué)生運用哲學(xué)理論觀察、分析、處理社會問題的能力,增強(qiáng)學(xué)生的時代感。3.情感、態(tài)度和價值觀目標(biāo):培養(yǎng)學(xué)生與時俱進(jìn)的思想品質(zhì),讓學(xué)生關(guān)注時代、關(guān)注現(xiàn)實、關(guān)注生活,逐步樹立科學(xué)的世界觀、人生觀、價值觀 。三、教學(xué)重點難點哲學(xué)與時代的關(guān)系。四、學(xué)情分析本框題的內(nèi)容比較抽象,不易理解,所以講解時需要詳細(xì)。教師指導(dǎo)學(xué)生借助歷史知識進(jìn)行理解。五、教學(xué)方法1.教師啟發(fā)、引導(dǎo),學(xué)生自主閱讀、思考,討論、交流學(xué)習(xí)成果。2.學(xué)案導(dǎo)學(xué):見后面的學(xué)案。3.新授課教學(xué)基本環(huán)節(jié):預(yù)習(xí)檢查、總結(jié)疑惑→情境導(dǎo)入、展示目標(biāo)→合作探究、精講點撥→反思總結(jié)、當(dāng)堂檢測→發(fā)導(dǎo)學(xué)案、布置預(yù)習(xí)
本章通過學(xué)習(xí)用二分法求方程近似解的的方法,使學(xué)生體會函數(shù)與方程之間的關(guān)系,通過一些函數(shù)模型的實例,讓學(xué)生感受建立函數(shù)模型的過程和方法,體會函數(shù)在數(shù)學(xué)和其他學(xué)科中的廣泛應(yīng)用,進(jìn)一步認(rèn)識到函數(shù)是描述客觀世界變化規(guī)律的基本數(shù)學(xué)模型,能初步運用函數(shù)思想解決一些生活中的簡單問題。1.了解函數(shù)的零點、方程的根與圖象交點三者之間的聯(lián)系.2.會借助零點存在性定理判斷函數(shù)的零點所在的大致區(qū)間.3.能借助函數(shù)單調(diào)性及圖象判斷零點個數(shù).?dāng)?shù)學(xué)學(xué)科素養(yǎng)1.數(shù)學(xué)抽象:函數(shù)零點的概念;2.邏輯推理:借助圖像判斷零點個數(shù);3.數(shù)學(xué)運算:求函數(shù)零點或零點所在區(qū)間;4.數(shù)學(xué)建模:通過由抽象到具體,由具體到一般的思想總結(jié)函數(shù)零點概念.重點:零點的概念,及零點與方程根的聯(lián)系;難點:零點的概念的形成.
跟蹤訓(xùn)練1在正方體ABCD-A1B1C1D1中,E為AC的中點.求證:(1)BD1⊥AC;(2)BD1⊥EB1.(2)∵(BD_1 ) ?=(-1,-1,1),(EB_1 ) ?=(1/2 "," 1/2 "," 1),∴(BD_1 ) ?·(EB_1 ) ?=(-1)×1/2+(-1)×1/2+1×1=0,∴(BD_1 ) ?⊥(EB_1 ) ?,∴BD1⊥EB1.證明:以D為原點,DA,DC,DD1所在直線分別為x軸、y軸、z軸,建立如圖所示的空間直角坐標(biāo)系.設(shè)正方體的棱長為1,則B(1,1,0),D1(0,0,1),A(1,0,0),C(0,1,0),E(1/2 "," 1/2 "," 0),B1(1,1,1).(1)∵(BD_1 ) ?=(-1,-1,1),(AC) ?=(-1,1,0),∴(BD_1 ) ?·(AC) ?=(-1)×(-1)+(-1)×1+1×0=0.∴(BD_1 ) ?⊥(AC) ?,∴BD1⊥AC.例2在棱長為1的正方體ABCD-A1B1C1D1中,E,F,M分別為棱AB,BC,B1B的中點.求證:D1M⊥平面EFB1.思路分析一種思路是不建系,利用基向量法證明(D_1 M) ?與平面EFB1內(nèi)的兩個不共線向量都垂直,從而根據(jù)線面垂直的判定定理證得結(jié)論;另一種思路是建立空間直角坐標(biāo)系,通過坐標(biāo)運算證明(D_1 M) ?與平面EFB1內(nèi)的兩個不共線向量都垂直;還可以在建系的前提下,求得平面EFB1的法向量,然后說明(D_1 M) ?與法向量共線,從而證得結(jié)論.證明:(方法1)因為E,F,M分別為棱AB,BC,B1B的中點,所以(D_1 M) ?=(D_1 B_1 ) ?+(B_1 M) ?=(DA) ?+(DC) ?+1/2 (B_1 B) ?,而(B_1 E) ?=(B_1 B) ?+(BE) ?=(B_1 B) ?-1/2 (DC) ?,于是(D_1 M) ?·(B_1 E) ?=((DA) ?+(DC) ?+1/2 (B_1 B) ?)·((B_1 B) ?-1/2 (DC) ?)=0-0+0-1/2+1/2-1/4×0=0,因此(D_1 M) ?⊥(B_1 E) ?.同理(D_1 M) ?⊥(B_1 F) ?,又因為(B_1 E) ?,(B_1 F) ?不共線,因此D1M⊥平面EFB1.
王安石,字介甫,號半山。北宋著名政治家、思想家、文學(xué)家、改革家,唐宋八大家之一。歐陽修稱贊王安石:“翰林風(fēng)月三千首,吏部文章二百年。老去自憐心尚在,后來誰與子爭先?!眰魇牢募小锻跖R川集》、《臨川集拾遺》等。其詩文各體兼擅,詞雖不多,但亦擅長,世人哄傳之詩句莫過于《泊船瓜洲》中的“春風(fēng)又綠江南岸,明月何時照我還?!鼻矣忻鳌豆鹬ο恪返?。介紹之后設(shè)置這樣的導(dǎo)入語:今天我們共同走進(jìn)王安石,一起欣賞名作《桂枝香·金陵懷古》。(板書標(biāo)題)(二)整體感知整體感知是賞析文章的前提,通過初讀,可以使學(xué)生初步了解將要學(xué)到的基本內(nèi)容,了解文章大意及思想意圖,使學(xué)生對課文內(nèi)容形成整體感知。首先,我會讓學(xué)生根據(jù)課前預(yù)習(xí),出聲誦讀課文,同時注意朗讀的快慢、停頓、語調(diào)、輕重音等,然后再播放音頻,糾正他們的讀音與停頓。其次,我會引導(dǎo)學(xué)生談?wù)勊惺?。學(xué)生通過朗讀,能夠說出本詞雄壯、豪放、有氣勢,有對景物的贊美和對歷史的感喟。