This teaching period mainly deals with grammar “The Present Perfect Passive Voice.” To begin with, teachers should lead students to revise what they have learned about the Present Perfect Passive Voice. And then, teachers move on to stress more special cases concerning this grammar。This period carries considerable significance to the cultivation of students’ writing competence and lays a solid foundation for the basic appreciation of language beauty. The teacher is expected to enable students to master this period thoroughly and consolidate the knowledge by doing some exercises. 1. Guide students to review the basic usages of the Present Perfect Passive Voice2. Lead students to learn to use some special cases concerning the Present Perfect Passive Voice flexibly.2. Enable students to use the basic phrases structures flexibly.3. Strengthen students’ great interest in grammar learning.1. Help students to appreciate the function of the Present Perfect Passive Voice in a sentence2. Instruct students to write essays using the proper the Present Perfect Passive Voice.觀察下列句子特點,總結(jié)共同點。1.(教材P28)Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web.2.(教材P28)But the Internet has done much more for people than simply make life more convenient.3.(教材P28)Many people have been helped by the club.4.(教材P28)She no longer feels lonely, and her company has become quite successful.5.(教材P32)Today I thought I’d blog about a question that has been asked many times—how do you stay safe online and avoid bad experiences on the Internet?
Paragraph 3. Jan decided to start an IT club to teach old people how to use computers and the Internet. Paragraph 4. Jan has started taking online classes to learn more about how to use the Internet to make society better. Paragraph 5. Jan’s life has been greatly improved by the Internet. Step 5: Critical thinking:(1)How do you arrange your time spent on study and the Internet? Is it reasonable? I usually surf the Internet using my mobile phone for only an hour after class, and it is reasonable for me.(2)What are your online activities? Are they safe? I chat with my friends, read news and play games. I never give away my private information so I think they are safe.Step 4: summary Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web. There are countless articles (1)______(tell) us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient. But the Internet has done a lot (2)_____(much) for people than simply make life more convenient. People’s lives (3) _________________(change) by online communities and social networks so far. Take Jan for example, who developed a serious illness that made her (4)_____(stick) at home with only her computer to keep (5)___(she) company. She joined an online group (6)______ she could share problems, support and advice with others. She considered the ability to remove the distance between people as one of the greatest (7)_______(benefit). She was so inspired (8)____ she started an IT club in which many people have been helped. She has started to learn more about how to use the Internet to make society better. Her next goal is to start a charity website to raise money (9)___ children in poor countries. Jan’s life has been (10)______(great) improved by the Internet. Step 5 Homework:Review what we have learned and find out the key language points in the text.
Step 1 Lead inThere are many interest of places in the UK. What do you know ?The Big Ben the London Tower the Thames RiverStep 2 Before reading---analyze the titleBeautiful Ireland and its traditionWe know that the article mainly tells about the beauty and traditions of Ireland. Step 3 While reading---Task 1Read the text and answer the following questions.Q1: What makes the Irish countryside exciting and inspiring?Its beauty and how it offers something for all the scenes.Q2: What are the best ways to experience some Irish traditions and cultures?By stopping by a village pub and relaxing with a drink and traditional meal while listening to music and watching dancingQ3: What is the meaning of “breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song ?”It means to not just smell but also breathe in the smell of fresh flowers early in the morning as the birds sing their first song of the new day.Q4: What are the best ways to experience Chinese traditions and customs ?By travelling to different places and using all your senses to experience everything and by interacting with local people.Step 4 While reading---Task 2Analyze the descriptive paragraph1. Identify and underline the paragraph’s introductory sentence and the ending sentence.Introductory sentence: Ireland’s beautiful countryside has always had a great influence on its people and traditions.Ending sentence: And if you introduce yourself to a friendly face, you are more than likely to experience local culture and customs first-hand.2. The paragraph talks about different senses in different places. Write the senses and places in the order that they appear.
1. Get basic information about Eric; read deeply to understand the history and development of the virtual choir.2. Understand what the function of the virtual choir is and how to make a virtual choir.3. Understand the meaning of some languages in the context of the text through question guidance, such as “Many people do not have close friends or contacts who have the same interest in music.” and so on.Step 1 Leading-in1. Answer the following questions.Q1:Do you know the Apps like Tik Tok and Quick Hand?Q2: Do you want to make a Tik Tok video or a Quick Hand video?2. Play a Tik Tok video Step 2: Understanding the title Q1:What does the title mean ?Q2: Is the article a narration or exposition? Why? Q3: Can you change the title ? If you can, what is the title?Step 3: Scanning the whole text and getting the basic information1. Answer the following questions.Q1:Who came up with the idea for a virtual choir?Q2: Where did Eric studied the musical composition?Q3: What is his song?2. Find the main idea of each paragraph3. Deal with some new words.Step 4: Reading carefully to get detailed informationPara 1 How to make a virtual choir1. PreparationA. tools: a virtual camera; an Internet connectionB. hero/heroin: friends or some individuals who have the same interests2. Process
3.Teachers ask different groups to report the answers to the questions and ask them to try different sentence patterns.The teacher added some sentence patterns for students to refer to when writing.Step 4 Writing taskActivity 51.Write the first draft.Students first review the evaluation criteria in activity 5, and then independently complete the draft according to the outline of activity 4, the answers to the questions listed in the group discussion and report, and the reference sentence pattern.2.Change partners.The teacher guides the students to evaluate their partner's composition according to the checklist of activity 5 and proposes Suggestions for modification.3.Finalize the draft.Based on the peer evaluation, students revise their own compositions and determine the final draft.Finally, through group recommendation, the teacher selects excellent compositions for projection display or reading aloud in class, and gives comments and Suggestions.Step 5 Showing writingActivity 5T call some Ss to share their writing.Step 6 Homework1. Read the passage in this section to better understand the passage.2. Carefully understand the hierarchical structure of the article, and deeply understand the plot of the story according to the causes, process and results;3. Independently complete the relevant exercises in the guide plan.1、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學習,學生是否理解和掌握閱讀文本中的新詞匯的意義與用法;2、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學習,學生能否通過人物言行的對比分析道德故事的深層內(nèi)涵;3、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學習,學生能否根據(jù)故事的起因、經(jīng)過和結(jié)果來深入理解故事的情節(jié),從而了解文章的層次結(jié)構;4、結(jié)合現(xiàn)實生活案例發(fā)表自己的見解和看法,寫一篇觀點明確、層次分明的故事評論。
(2) students are divided into groups according to the requirements of activity 3. Each student shares a story of personal experience or hearing-witnessing kindness, and then selects the most touching story in the group and shares it with the whole class. Before the students share the story, the teacher can instruct them to use the words and sentence patterns in the box to express. For example, the words in the box can be classified:Time order: first of all, then, after that, later, finally logical relationship :so, however, although, butTeachers can also appropriately add some transitional language to enrich students' expression:Afterwards, afterwards, at last, in the end, eventuallySpatial order: next to, far from, on the left, in front ofOtherwise, nevertheless, as a result, therefore, furthermore, in addition, as well asSummary: in a word, in short, on the whole, to sum up, in briefStep 8 Homework1. Understand the definition of "moral dilemma" and establish a correct moral view;2. Accumulate vocabulary about attitudes and emotions in listening texts and use them to express your own views;3. Complete relevant exercises in the guide plan.1、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學習,學生能否理解理解“道德困境”的定義;2、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學習,學生能否通過說話人所表達的內(nèi)容、說話的語氣、語調(diào)等來判斷其態(tài)度和情緒;3、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學習,學生能否針對具體的道德困境發(fā)表自己的看法和見解,能否掌握聽力理訓練中的聽力策略。
教師提示:1.這句話的本體不是一般意義上的“中國詩”,即不是指中國詩歌中的某一類作品或某位詩人的作品,而是指中國詩的發(fā)展特點。早熟,是指“純粹的抒情詩的精髓和峰極,在中國詩里出現(xiàn)得異常之早”;早衰,是指“中國詩一蹴而至崇高的境界,以后就缺乏變化,而且逐漸腐化”(腐化,是對詩的思想內(nèi)容和藝術價值而言的)。這句話,借助比喻和比喻中的對比(“早熟”與“早衰”),從詩歌發(fā)展的角度,簡要地說明了中國詩的藝術特征和由此產(chǎn)生的負面影響。2.這句話有兩層意思:一是借梵文的《百喻經(jīng)》闡釋中國的藝術和思想體構上的缺欠,旨在批評;二是點明造成這種缺欠的根本原因?!耙粋€印度愚人要住三層樓而不許匠人造底下兩層”這樣的建筑物就是“飄飄凌云的空中樓閣”,作者以此作喻,批評中國的藝術和思想體構缺乏嚴密的邏輯性,往往脫離客觀實際,沒有堅實的基礎,其結(jié)果必定影響藝術的健康、穩(wěn)定地發(fā)展。
天上有明月,年年照相思。她夜夜沉醉在夢中。夢把空間縮短了,夢把時間凝固了,夢把世界凈化了。夢中沒有污穢,沒有嘈雜,沒有邪惡;夢中沒有分離,沒有創(chuàng)傷,沒有痛苦;夢中只有柔和的月色,只有溫馨的愛;夢使她永遠年輕,使她不原醒來?!?,那個世界,是為天下最真最善最美的心靈準備的,藝術家懷著虔誠的情感,用充滿魔力的琴弦,在人們的心中筑起了一座不朽的天堂,它像天地一樣長久,日月一樣永恒!新月微微地閉著眼睛,她清清楚楚地看到了那座天堂,真真切切地觸到了那座天堂,冰凌砌成墻壁,白云鋪成房頂,霧靄織成紗幔,星星串成明燈;在那里,她的頭發(fā)像沐浴之后那樣清爽柔軟,隨風飄拂,她的肌膚像披著月光那樣清涼潤滑,她的那顆心啊,像浸潤著蒙蒙細雨的花蕾,掛著晶瑩的露珠,自由地呼吸……她沉醉在那個一塵不染的美好的境界,如歌如詩,如夢如幻,如云如月,如水如煙……
具體過程:先用懸掛法確定重心之后,在板上固定一條細線ab,讓ab穿過重心c點,再在其重心c處拴上細繩提拉,驗證薄板可以水平平衡.如圖3-1-6、3-1-7所示.歸納:物體的重心可在物體之上,也可在物體之外.結(jié)論:規(guī)則均勻的物體重心在其幾何中心;不規(guī)則不均勻的物體重心用懸掛法.例3一個被吊著的均勻的球殼,其內(nèi)部注滿了水,在球的底部有一帶閥門的細出水口.在打開閥門讓水慢慢流出的過程中,球殼與其中的水的共同重心將會()A.一直下降B.一直不變C.先下降后上升D.先上升后下降先讓學生自己回答,估計很多學生會選擇A;教師提示開始和最終重心的位置,學生很快就能得出正確答案.借機引導學生思考問題要全面.參考答案:在注滿水時,球殼和水的共同重心在球心,隨著水的流出,球殼的重心不變,但是水的重心下降,二者共同的重心在下降.當水流完時,重心又回到球心,故選項C正確.
閱讀教材后總結(jié):是萬有引力的作用把宇宙中的恒星和行星聚集在一起,組成了太陽系、銀河系和其他星系.力的相互作用遍布我們周圍的一切物體.除此之外還有電荷間的相互作用、磁體間的相互作用,我們把這種力稱為電磁相互作用.【思考與討論】質(zhì)子帶正電,但質(zhì)子(與中子一起)卻能聚集在一起構成原子核.你能推測是什么力的作用結(jié)果嗎?攻略一:閱讀教材53頁,師生共同討論、總結(jié).攻略二:網(wǎng)絡搜索或工具書查閱“四種基本相互作用”,進一步了解概念.結(jié)論:決定物質(zhì)的結(jié)構和變化過程的基本的相互作用.近代物理確認各種物質(zhì)之間的基本的相互作用可歸結(jié)為四種:引力相互作用、電磁相互作用、弱相互作用和強相互作用.近代物理的觀點傾向于認為:四種基本相互作用是統(tǒng)一的,物理學家們正在為建立大統(tǒng)一理論而努力.但至今也沒有公認的結(jié)論,望同學們好好學習,為科學事業(yè)奉獻自己的聰明和才智.
實驗目標:1、知道打點計時器的構造和原理,學會使用打點計時器,能根據(jù)打出的紙帶計算打幾個點所用的時間,會計算紙帶的平均速度,能根據(jù)紙帶粗略測量紙帶的瞬時速度,認識v-t圖象,并能根據(jù)v-t圖象判斷物體的運動情況。2、通過速度測量過程的體驗,領悟兩個方法:一是用圖象處理物理數(shù)據(jù)的方法;二是極限法或說無限趨近法,加強一個認識,實驗是檢驗理論的標準。實驗器材:電源(220v電源或?qū)W生電源),打點計時器,紙帶,刻度尺(最好是塑料透明的),導線實驗準備:1、仔細觀察電磁打點計時器和電火花計時器,對照課本,比較它們的異同。2、兩類打點計時器的打點時間間隔是多少?3、分析紙帶時,如何計算紙帶的平均速度。4、嚴格地說,瞬時速度我們引進測量出來的,你知道用什么方法求出的速度可以代替某點的瞬時速度嗎?5、從器材上讀取的數(shù)據(jù)是原始數(shù)據(jù),原始數(shù)據(jù)是寶貴的實驗資料,要嚴肅對待,要整齊的記錄,妥善保存。
實驗目標:1、知道打點計時器的構造和原理,學會使用打點計時器,能根據(jù)打出的紙帶計算打幾個點所用的時間,會計算紙帶的平均速度,能根據(jù)紙帶粗略測量紙帶的瞬時速度,認識v-t圖象,并能根據(jù)v-t圖象判斷物體的運動情況。2、通過速度測量過程的體驗,領悟兩個方法:一是用圖象處理物理數(shù)據(jù)的方法;二是極限法或說無限趨近法,加強一個認識,實驗是檢驗理論的標準。實驗器材:電源(220v電源或?qū)W生電源),打點計時器,紙帶,刻度尺(最好是塑料透明的),導線實驗準備:1、仔細觀察電磁打點計時器和電火花計時器,對照課本,比較它們的異同。2、兩類打點計時器的打點時間間隔是多少?3、分析紙帶時,如何計算紙帶的平均速度。4、嚴格地說,瞬時速度我們引進測量出來的,你知道用什么方法求出的速度可以代替某點的瞬時速度嗎?
一、設計思想通過本節(jié)教學,不但要使學生認識掌握勻變速直線運動的規(guī)律,而且要通過對這問題的研究,使學生了解和體會物理學研究問題的一個方法,圖象、公式、以及處理實驗數(shù)據(jù)的方法等。這一點可能對學生更為重要,要通過學習過程使學生有所體會。本節(jié)在內(nèi)容的安排順序上,既注意了科學系統(tǒng),又注意學生的認識規(guī)律。講解問題從實際出發(fā),盡量用上一節(jié)的實驗測量數(shù)據(jù)。運用圖象這種數(shù)學工具,相對強調(diào)了圖象的作用和要求。這是與以前教材不同的。在現(xiàn)代生產(chǎn)、生活中,圖象的運用隨處可見,無論學生將來從事何種工作,掌握最基本的應用圖象的知識,都是必須的。學生在初學時往往將數(shù)學和物理分割開來,不習慣或不會將已學過的數(shù)學工具用于物理當中。在教學中應多在這方面引導學生。本節(jié)就是一個較好的機會,將圖象及其物理意義聯(lián)系起來。
一、設計思想通過本節(jié)教學,不但要使學生認識掌握勻變速直線運動的規(guī)律,而且要通過對這問題的研究,使學生了解和體會物理學研究問題的一個方法,圖象、公式、以及處理實驗數(shù)據(jù)的方法等。這一點可能對學生更為重要,要通過學習過程使學生有所體會。本節(jié)在內(nèi)容的安排順序上,既注意了科學系統(tǒng),又注意學生的認識規(guī)律。講解問題從實際出發(fā),盡量用上一節(jié)的實驗測量數(shù)據(jù)。運用圖象這種數(shù)學工具,相對強調(diào)了圖象的作用和要求。這是與以前教材不同的。在現(xiàn)代生產(chǎn)、生活中,圖象的運用隨處可見,無論學生將來從事何種工作,掌握最基本的應用圖象的知識,都是必須的。學生在初學時往往將數(shù)學和物理分割開來,不習慣或不會將已學過的數(shù)學工具用于物理當中。在教學中應多在這方面引導學生。本節(jié)就是一個較好的機會,將圖象及其物理意義聯(lián)系起來。
方法點撥教師:有的同學敘述事實論據(jù)時,不突出重點和精華,不注意取舍,水分太多,有許多的敘述描寫,有時還有詳細的故事情節(jié),文章幾乎成了記敘文,使文章的論點無法得到充分的證明,這是寫議論文的大忌。那么:議論文中的記敘有哪些特點?同學各抒己見。投影顯示:1.議論中的記敘不是單純的寫人記事,記敘文字是為議論服務的,其目的是為作者所闡明的道理提供事實依據(jù)。所以,在記敘時要求簡潔、概括,舍棄其中的細節(jié),僅僅交代清楚事件或者人物的概貌即可,一般不在各種描寫手段上下功夫,只要把能證明觀點的那個部分、側(cè)面交代清楚就行了。2.議論文中的記敘性文字不得超過總字數(shù)的1/3,否則視為文體不當。能力提升一、教師:了解了議論文中的記敘的特點,接下來我們看看今天的話題:“愛的奉獻”,你想從哪個角度立論?有哪些素材?
【設計思路】新課程十分強調(diào)科學探究在科學課程中的作用,應該說科學探究是這次課程改革的核心。我覺得:科學探究不一定是要讓學生純粹地通過實驗進行探究,應該說科學探究是一種科學精神,學生只要通過自己的探索和體驗,變未知為已知,這樣的教學活動也是科學探究。本節(jié)課是概念教學課,讓學生純粹地通過實驗進行探究是不太合適的。但通過學生自己的探索和體驗,變未知為已知還比較合適。本節(jié)課的設計就是基于這樣的出發(fā)點,在引出加速度的概念時低臺階,步步深入,充分激活學生的思維,是學生思維上的探究。通過復習前邊速度時間圖像,從而得到從圖像上得到加速度的方法,為加深加速度概念和相關知識的理解有配套了相應練習題目,做到強化練習的目的。【教學目標】知識與技能1.理解加速度的意義,知道加速度是表示速度變化快慢的物理量.知道它的定義、公式、符號和單位,能用公式a=△v/△t進行定量計算.2.知道加速度與速度的區(qū)別和聯(lián)系,會根據(jù)加速度與速度的方向關系判斷物體是加速運動還是減速運動.
【設計思路】新課程十分強調(diào)科學探究在科學課程中的作用,應該說科學探究是這次課程改革的核心。我覺得:科學探究不一定是要讓學生純粹地通過實驗進行探究,應該說科學探究是一種科學精神,學生只要通過自己的探索和體驗,變未知為已知,這樣的教學活動也是科學探究。本節(jié)課是概念教學課,讓學生純粹地通過實驗進行探究是不太合適的。但通過學生自己的探索和體驗,變未知為已知還比較合適。本節(jié)課的設計就是基于這樣的出發(fā)點,在引出加速度的概念時低臺階,步步深入,充分激活學生的思維,是學生思維上的探究。通過復習前邊速度時間圖像,從而得到從圖像上得到加速度的方法,為加深加速度概念和相關知識的理解有配套了相應練習題目,做到強化練習的目的?!窘虒W目標】知識與技能1.理解加速度的意義,知道加速度是表示速度變化快慢的物理量.知道它的定義、公式、符號和單位,能用公式a=△v/△t進行定量計算.2.知道加速度與速度的區(qū)別和聯(lián)系,會根據(jù)加速度與速度的方向關系判斷物體是加速運動還是減速運動.3.能從勻變速直線運動的v—t圖象理解加速度的意義.
三、作出速度-時間圖像(v-t圖像)1、確定運動規(guī)律最好辦法是作v-t圖像,這樣能更好地顯現(xiàn)物體的運動規(guī)律。2、x y x1 x2 y2 y1 0討論如何在本次實驗中描點、連線。(以時間t為橫軸,速度v為縱軸,建立坐標系,選擇合適的標度,把剛才所填表格中的各點在速度-時間坐標系中描出。注意觀察和思考你所描畫的這些點的分布規(guī)律,你會發(fā)現(xiàn)這些點大致落在同一條直線上,所以不能用折線連接,而用一根直線連接,還要注意連線兩側(cè)的點數(shù)要大致相同。)3、若出現(xiàn)了個別明顯偏離絕大部分點所在直線的點,該如何處理?(對于個別明顯偏離絕大部分點所在直線的點,我們可以認為是測量誤差過大、是測量中出現(xiàn)差錯所致,將它視為無效點,但是在圖像當中仍應該保留,因為我們要尊重實驗事實,這畢竟是我們的第一手資料,是原始數(shù)據(jù)。)4、怎樣根據(jù)所畫的v-t圖像求加速度?(從所畫的圖像中取兩個點,找到它們的縱、橫坐標(t1,v1)、(t2,v2),然后代入公式,求得加速度,也就是直線的斜率。在平面直角坐標系中,直線的斜率
3、若出現(xiàn)了個別明顯偏離絕大部分點所在直線的點,該如何處理?(對于個別明顯偏離絕大部分點所在直線的點,我們可以認為是測量誤差過大、是測量中出現(xiàn)差錯所致,將它視為無效點,但是在圖像當中仍應該保留,因為我們要尊重實驗事實,這畢竟是我們的第一手資料,是原始數(shù)據(jù)。)4、怎樣根據(jù)所畫的v-t圖像求加速度?(從所畫的圖像中取兩個點,找到它們的縱、橫坐標(t1,v1)、(t2,v2),然后代入公式,求得加速度,也就是直線的斜率。在平面直角坐標系中,直線的斜率四、實踐與拓展例1、在探究小車速度隨時間變化規(guī)律的實驗中,得到一條記錄小車運動情況的紙帶,如圖所示。圖中A、B、C、D、E為相鄰的計數(shù)點,相鄰計數(shù)點的時間間隔為T=0.1s。⑴根據(jù)紙帶上的數(shù)據(jù),計算B、C、D各點的數(shù)據(jù),填入表中。
【導入新課】一位在青藏高原上跋涉的旅行者,途中休息時從路邊巖層中隨手拿起一塊小石 頭玩賞時受小石子的紋路的吸引,他不禁仔細觀瞧,吃驚地發(fā)現(xiàn)這竟是一個古代海洋生物化石!近年來,人們在臺灣海 峽海底某些地方發(fā)現(xiàn)有古代森林的遺跡。這些發(fā)現(xiàn)告訴我們什么? 【學生討論回答】略。 【教師總結(jié)概括】地殼和宇宙間一切物質(zhì)一樣,處在不停的運動變化之中。那么地表千姿百態(tài)的形態(tài)是如何營造的呢?這就是我們這節(jié)課要解決的課題【板書】第四章:地表形態(tài)的塑造 第一節(jié):營造地表形態(tài)的力量【提問】哪位同學能夠例舉營造地表形態(tài)的力量改變地表面貌的實例? (學生討論、回答問題。教師在副板書上一一記錄。) 【過渡】營造地表形態(tài)的力量具體劃分有很多種,但歸納起來看可以劃分為兩種,即內(nèi)力作用和外力作用,首先我們來看一下內(nèi)力作用.【板書】一、內(nèi)力作用 【指導讀書】請大家閱讀教材P74第一段和案例1,思考: