這兩章是對戰(zhàn)爭場面的描寫。寫的是戰(zhàn)車、戰(zhàn)馬、象弭、魚服以及士兵的勞累奔波、饑渴難當(dāng),通過這些具體生動的細(xì)節(jié)描寫來展現(xiàn)戰(zhàn)爭生活的圖景。而沒有寫戰(zhàn)場上的刀光劍影、廝打拼殺,但戰(zhàn)爭的殘酷已可想見。4“昔我往矣,楊柳依依。今我來思,雨雪霏霏”被視為情景交融的佳句。清人王夫之在論《詩經(jīng)·小雅·采薇》這兩句時說:“以樂景寫哀,以哀景寫樂,一倍增其哀樂?!闭?wù)勀愕目捶?。一以往昔之虛襯眼前之實,以出征之樂襯內(nèi)心之思親之悲痛;二“楊柳依依”與“雨雪霏霏”對比,突出不勝今昔之感;三大雪交加,饑渴難當(dāng),情境實悲,以哀景寫哀情。四、交流延伸1寫一首詩或一段文字表達(dá)你對“鄉(xiāng)愁”的新的體驗。在全班交流。2課后搜集更多的表現(xiàn)鄉(xiāng)情的詩歌散文作品,將你最感動的一篇拿到班上與同學(xué)分享感受。
結(jié)合歷史自古以來,江山美人歷來都是引無數(shù)英雄豪杰競折腰的,如果說英雄選擇了美人卻丟了江山,把所有罪名都?xì)w結(jié)于“女人是禍水”。但是,紂王無道,和有了妲己有必然的聯(lián)系嗎?有人說妲己壞透了,壞透了的妲己如果不是取得紂王的信任是壞不起來的,紂王聽信了妲己的讒言,聽與不聽決定權(quán)在紂王,而不在妲己。強(qiáng)勢永遠(yuǎn)在紂王一邊。再來看看西施和楊貴妃:西施是作為越國貢獻(xiàn)給吳國的供品來到吳王夫差的身邊的,楊貴妃更是先是李隆基的兒媳婦被看中而得寵的。所以,西施和楊貴妃這兩個可憐的女人根本沒有自己的獨(dú)立選擇,沒有獨(dú)立的愛情,如果沒有西施,就會有南施,或北施;如果沒有楊貴妃,就會有李貴妃,王貴妃,總之什么施,什么妃是不能少的,因為那是吳王和李隆基的需要。
【教學(xué)目標(biāo)】1.熟讀全文,掌握文中出現(xiàn)的重要的實詞、虛詞、古漢語句式;2.鑒賞本文融情于事的表達(dá)和形象精粹的語言;3.深入體會文章凄切婉轉(zhuǎn)的陳情技巧?!窘虒W(xué)重點(diǎn)】重要的古漢語語詞知識【教學(xué)難點(diǎn)】理解作者當(dāng)時的處境和李密祖孫間真摯深厚的感情【教學(xué)方法】作為教讀課,選擇串講的方式,突出朗讀,以期能做到既落實知識,又能體會文章之美。課時安排為兩課時。要重點(diǎn)做好預(yù)習(xí)工作?!窘虒W(xué)步驟】一、以蘇軾的評論導(dǎo)入讀《出師表》不下淚者,其人必不忠;讀《陳情表》不下淚者,其人必不孝;讀《祭十二郎文》不下淚者,其人必不友二、預(yù)習(xí)檢測1、下列紅色字注音完全正確的一項()A、臣以險釁(xìn)夙遭閔(mǐn)兇終鮮(xiǎn)兄弟常在床蓐(rù)B、猥(wěi)以微賤責(zé)臣逋(bǔ)慢猶蒙衿(jīn)育寵命優(yōu)渥(wò)C、豈敢盤桓(huán)有所希冀(yì)日?。╞ó)西山除臣洗(xiǎn)馬D、逮(dǎi)奉圣朝過蒙拔擢(zhuó)門衰祚(zuò)薄更(gēng)相為命分析:B責(zé)臣逋(bū)慢,C有所希冀(jì),D逮(dài)奉圣朝。
【教學(xué)目標(biāo)】1.理解作者反抗黑暗,辭官歸田,不與當(dāng)時黑暗的上層社會同流合污而熱愛田園生活的積極精神,學(xué)習(xí)其高潔的理想志趣和堅定的人生追求。2.掌握“胡、奚、曷、焉、何”五個疑問代詞,歸納“行、引、乘、策”等四個詞的一詞多義,了解“以、而、之、兮、來”等文言虛詞的用法。3.背誦全文?!窘虒W(xué)重點(diǎn)】1.了解作者辭官歸田的原因,深刻體味詩人鄙棄官場,熱愛田園的無限欣喜之情。2.背誦全文?!窘虒W(xué)難點(diǎn)】1.理解記述中滲透出的或喜或哀,或決絕或猶疑的復(fù)雜感情。2.歸納實詞、虛詞的用法,掌握省略句、倒裝句兩種句式?!窘叹邷?zhǔn)備】投影儀投影膠片【課時安排】2課時【教學(xué)過程】第一課時[教學(xué)要點(diǎn)]了解陶淵明及其作品。讀課文,利用注釋、工具書,初步把握文章,朗讀課文,找出押韻的字,由押韻歸納各層大意,幫助學(xué)生理清背誦思路,背誦全文。[教學(xué)步驟]一、導(dǎo)語《桃花源記》是我們在初中接觸過的陶淵明的作品。師生一同背誦?!短一ㄔ从洝分杏崎e自得的田園生活正是作者精神追求的形象反映。今天我們學(xué)習(xí)的《歸去來兮辭》正是作者決別官場,同上層社會分道揚(yáng)鑣的宣言書。
③于是,大自然出現(xiàn)了驚人的奇跡,不毛的石縫間叢生出倔強(qiáng)的生命。④或者就只是一簇一簇?zé)o名的野草,春綠秋黃。歲歲枯榮。它們只有三兩片長長的細(xì)瘦的薄葉,那細(xì)微的葉脈,告知你生存該是多么艱難;更有的。它們就在一簇一簇瘦葉下自己生長出根須,只為了少向母體吮吸一點(diǎn)乳汁,便自去尋找那不易被覺察到的石縫。這就是生命,如果這是一種本能,那么它正說明生命的本能是多么尊貴,生命有權(quán)自認(rèn)為輝煌壯麗,生機(jī)竟是這樣地不可扼制。⑤或者就是一團(tuán)一團(tuán)小小的山花,大多又都是那苦苦的蒲公英。它們不似田野上的同宗長得那樣茁壯,它們的莖顯得堅韌而蒼老。它們的葉因枯萎而失卻光澤。它們已經(jīng)不能再去為人們作佐餐的鮮嫩的野菜,卻默默地為攀登山路的人準(zhǔn)備了一個可靠的抓手。生命就這樣地被環(huán)境規(guī)定著,又被環(huán)境改變著,適者生存的規(guī)律盡管無情。但一切適者就是戰(zhàn)勝環(huán)境的強(qiáng)者。生命現(xiàn)象告訴你,生命就是拼搏。
This lesson aims at making a poster about protecting wildlife after reading some posters. During reading students are guided to understand the content and try to summarize the posters with one sentence. Then students are guided to try to make a poster about protecting wildlife.1. Read the two posters and try to understand the summary sentences.2. Look at the two posters and try to understand what emotions they express.3. Try to summarize the features of posters4. Try to make a poster about wildlife.1. Look at the two posters and try to understand what emotions they express.2. Try to summarize the features of posters3. Try to make a poster about wildlife.Step 1 Lead inLook at the the posters on the textbook and ask:Which emotions do the posters communicate ?Step 2 Read the poster and answer the questions.1. What do you think of the animals in the poster on the left ?I think it is frightening and ugly.2. Why do we should protect the ugly animals ?All species--the good, the bad, and the ugly-- should be treated equally.The world needs all kinds--without variety, our planet cannot survive.3. Why are billions of trees being cut down every year ?To make paper for humans.4. What result will be lead to after the trees are cut down ?A lost of animal homes are being destroyed./The habitat of wildlife is being destroyed.Step 3 Find the feature of posters1. What does each poster use to stir up emotions ?On the left, it makes us a little frightened and it looks a little ugly, but it can activate our curiosity--What is it? And What is wrong with it?On the right, it makes us feel a little sad and want to protect them.
From the pictures in the text and the title--- choose the best app, we can know that this part is about how to save money by using apps.Step 2 While-listening1. Laura and Xiao Bo are talking about apps. Listen to their conversation and find out what apps they want.Xiao Bo is looking for a(n) exercise app to help him get in shape.Laura would like an app for getting rich and another that will make her grades better.2. Listen again. Are the sentences true T or false F?1). Both of Xiao Bo's apps keep track of the steps he takes._____2). Xiao Bo's second app can help him make a fitness plan._____3). Laura needs an app that will help her get discounts.______4). Laura needs an app that will add money to her bank account._______F T F T3. Listen once more and tick the sentence you hear. Underline the words used to express predictions, guesses, and beliefs.Predictions, Guesses, and Beliefs________It might help me walk more.________My guess is that it wouldn't work.________I imagine this app would help me get fit faster________I suppose that would be good.________I guess you could save a little with this app.________I suppose there would be some problems, too.________I believe this app could help me get thinner.
Q5:What's Jan's next goal?Her next goal is to start a charity website to raise money for children in poor countries.Q6:What can we learn from her experiences?We learn that when we go through tough times, we can find help and support from other people online. We learn that we can feel less lonelyStep 5: While reading---rethinkingQ1: What is Jan’s attitude to the Internet ?Thankful/Grateful, because it has changed her and her life.Q2: What writing skills is used in the article ?Examples(Jan’s example, the 59-year-old man’s and the 61-year-old woman’s example)Q3: Can you get the main idea of the article ?The Internet has changed Jan’s life/Jan’s life has been changed by the Internet.Step 6 Post reading---Retell the storyMuch has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web. There are countless articles (1)telling(tell) us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient. But the Internet has done a lot (2)more(much) for people than simply make life more convenient. People’s lives (3) have been changed(change) by online communities and social networks so far. Take Jan for example, who developed a serious illness that made her (4)stuck(stick) at home with only her computer to keep (5)her(she) company. She joined an online group (6)where she could share problems, support and advice with others. She considered the ability to remove the distance between people as one of the greatest (7)benefits(benefit). She was so inspired (8)that she started an IT club in which many people have been helped. She has started to learn more about how to use the Internet to make society better. Her next goal is to start a charity website to raise money (9)for children in poor countries. Jan’s life has been (10)greatly(great) improved by the Internet.
Step 1 Lead inThere are many interest of places in the UK. What do you know ?The Big Ben the London Tower the Thames RiverStep 2 Before reading---analyze the titleBeautiful Ireland and its traditionWe know that the article mainly tells about the beauty and traditions of Ireland. Step 3 While reading---Task 1Read the text and answer the following questions.Q1: What makes the Irish countryside exciting and inspiring?Its beauty and how it offers something for all the scenes.Q2: What are the best ways to experience some Irish traditions and cultures?By stopping by a village pub and relaxing with a drink and traditional meal while listening to music and watching dancingQ3: What is the meaning of “breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song ?”It means to not just smell but also breathe in the smell of fresh flowers early in the morning as the birds sing their first song of the new day.Q4: What are the best ways to experience Chinese traditions and customs ?By travelling to different places and using all your senses to experience everything and by interacting with local people.Step 4 While reading---Task 2Analyze the descriptive paragraph1. Identify and underline the paragraph’s introductory sentence and the ending sentence.Introductory sentence: Ireland’s beautiful countryside has always had a great influence on its people and traditions.Ending sentence: And if you introduce yourself to a friendly face, you are more than likely to experience local culture and customs first-hand.2. The paragraph talks about different senses in different places. Write the senses and places in the order that they appear.
4. When he got absorbed in his world of music, he felt as if he could “see” the beauty of the world around him, like he had in his previous life.P·P as adverbial: _________________________________________________________________.Function: _______________________________________________________________________.Step 5 Solid Complete the passage with the words in brackets in their correct forms.Well known as a successful band, the Impact members show quite a few striking qualities. They never ever give up. When _____________(question) by the media, they are not _____________(discourage) and practise even harder. They are improving themselves by attending several master training class. They are united. _____________(fill with) team spirit, they act as a whole, always aiming for glory. Step 6 Difference and similarity from -ingObserve the following examples.1. He went out, shutting the door behind him.=He went out, ________________________________________________________.2. Not knowing what to do, he went to his parents for help.=__________________________________________, he went to his parents for help.Similarity: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.Difference : _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.Step Practice1. ________ in a hurry, this article was not so good. 因為寫得匆忙, 這篇文章不是很好。2. ________ carefully, he found something he hadn’t known before. 他仔細(xì)讀書時, 發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些從前不知道的東西。3. ________ why he did it, the monitor said it was his duty. 當(dāng)被問及他為什么要這么做時, 班長說這是他的職責(zé)
1.生產(chǎn)上的聯(lián)系:有投入——產(chǎn)出的關(guān)系工業(yè)生產(chǎn)的過程復(fù)雜,工序繁多,往往需要經(jīng)過多家工廠的加工才能完成一種產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)過程。因此,在這些工廠之間就存在著產(chǎn)品與原料的聯(lián)系。一家工廠生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品是另一家工廠的原料,這兩家工廠之間就形成了工序上的工業(yè)聯(lián)系。2.非生產(chǎn)上的聯(lián)系:如地理空間上的聯(lián)系布局在同一個工業(yè)區(qū)內(nèi),共同利用工業(yè)區(qū)的道路、供水、供電、通信等基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施以及其他生產(chǎn)、生活服務(wù)設(shè)施,或者共同利用當(dāng)?shù)亓畠r的勞動力,形成了空間利用上的工業(yè)聯(lián)系。我國許多地方的經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)開發(fā)區(qū)就是建立在這種工業(yè)聯(lián)系基礎(chǔ)上的。(二)工業(yè)集聚1.形成具有工業(yè)聯(lián)系的一些工廠往往近距離地聚集起來,形成工業(yè)集聚現(xiàn)象。2.工業(yè)集聚可獲得效應(yīng)(1)工業(yè)集聚可以加強(qiáng)企業(yè)間的信息交流和技術(shù)協(xié)作,降低中間產(chǎn)品的運(yùn)輸費(fèi)用和能源消耗,進(jìn)而降低生產(chǎn)成本,提高生產(chǎn)效率和利潤,取得規(guī)模效益。
(五)平拋運(yùn)動規(guī)律的應(yīng)用例1:一架老式飛機(jī)在高出海面45m的高處,以80m/s的速度水平飛行,為了使飛機(jī)上投下的炸彈落在停在海面上的敵船,應(yīng)該在與轟炸目標(biāo)的水平距離為多遠(yuǎn)的地方投彈?不計空氣阻力。分析:對于這道題我們可以從以下幾個方面來考慮:(1)從水平飛行的飛機(jī)上投下的炸彈,做什么運(yùn)動?為什么?(2)炸彈的這種運(yùn)動可分解為哪兩個什么樣的分運(yùn)動?3)要想使炸彈投到指定的目標(biāo)處,你認(rèn)為炸彈落地前在水平方向通過的距離與投彈時飛機(jī)離目標(biāo)的水平距離之間有什么關(guān)系?拓展:1、式飛機(jī)在高出海面45m的高處,以80m/s的速度水平飛行,尾追一艘以15m/s逃逸的敵船,為了使飛機(jī)上投下的炸彈正好擊中敵船,應(yīng)該在與轟炸目標(biāo)的水平距離為多遠(yuǎn)的地方投彈?不計空氣阻力。2、在一次摩托車跨越壕溝的表演中,摩托車從壕溝的一側(cè)以速度v=40m/s沿水平方向向另一側(cè),壕溝兩側(cè)的高度及寬度如圖所示,摩托車可看做質(zhì)點(diǎn),不計空氣阻力。(1)判斷摩托車能否跨越壕溝?請計算說明(2)若能跨過,求落地速度?
一個世紀(jì)前,一位了不起的美國人簽署了奴隸解放宣言,而我們今天就站在他的塑像下面。對于千千萬萬身受不公正待遇之苦的黑奴來說,這份劃時代的文件,是一座光芒萬丈的希望燈塔,是結(jié)束他們被束縛之漫漫長夜的快樂黎明。我有一個夢,有朝一日在喬治亞州的丘陵地帶,奴隸的后代與奴隸主的后代,將能夠兄弟般地相處。我有一個夢,有朝一日甚至密西西比州,這個充滿不平與壓迫的州,將轉(zhuǎn)化成一片自由與公正的綠洲。我有一個夢,我的四個孩子,有朝一日將可以生活在這樣一個國度里:在此人們不是根據(jù)他們的膚色,而是根據(jù)他們的品行來衡量他們。我今天有一個夢!我有一個夢,有朝一日在阿拉巴馬州,盡管目前有許多惡毒的種族主義者,盡管州長叫嚷著要與聯(lián)邦政府對抗,有朝一日在阿拉巴馬州,黑人孩子與白人孩子將會像兄弟姊妹那樣親密無間。
教學(xué)設(shè)想:本節(jié)課的主題是“生命之綠,璞玉心靈”,用圈點(diǎn)批注法解讀愛綠的感情,讓學(xué)生在批注中明確“綠”的象征意義,而不只是結(jié)論的傳遞。同時借助于閱讀、感受和理解把握作者對綠的認(rèn)識是不斷升華的,由一般對生命希望之綠的喜愛,到與綠交往后被它的不畏強(qiáng)暴,永遠(yuǎn)向陽的精神所折服,最后在特定的時代背景下綠在作者的心目中已經(jīng)成了我們民族不屈精神的象征。讓學(xué)生評中求解,評中悟情,評中明理,評中品味。教學(xué)進(jìn)程:一、導(dǎo)語上節(jié)課我們學(xué)習(xí)了朱自清的《綠》,初步了解了讀書動筆的基本方法,這節(jié)課我們繼續(xù)用圈點(diǎn)批注的方法來學(xué)習(xí)陸蠡的散文《囚綠記》。二、釋題師:看標(biāo)題,囚綠之“綠”在文中具體指什么?(一株常春藤)“囚”就是囚禁的意思,那題目就是記述囚禁綠色常春藤的經(jīng)過。三、圈點(diǎn)、把握情節(jié)作者為什么要囚綠呢?文中除了寫“囚綠”之外,還寫了哪些有關(guān)綠的意念和行動?帶著這樣的質(zhì)疑用自己喜歡的方式朗讀課文,請同學(xué)們?nèi)c(diǎn)出疑難字詞,或結(jié)合書下注釋,或同學(xué)合作解決,解決不了的,可提出來我們共同解決。標(biāo)注段落節(jié)次。勾畫出表現(xiàn)作者對綠意念和行動的句子。
【教學(xué)設(shè)想】一、選題設(shè)想《巴黎圣母院》是雨果的代表作,無論從思想內(nèi)容還是藝術(shù)風(fēng)格都有明顯的浪漫主義特征:奇異曲折、扣人心弦的故事情節(jié);妙趣橫生、別出心裁的奇遇巧合;強(qiáng)烈鮮明的美丑、善惡對比;豐富生動、珠璣迸發(fā)、富有哲理意味的語言。通過導(dǎo)讀,來消除學(xué)生對外國名著的畏難情緒,增加學(xué)生課外閱讀的興趣和信心;讓學(xué)生整體把握作品,窺一斑而識全豹,讓學(xué)生高屋建瓴,了解其旨意,以極為精確而又充滿意蘊(yùn)的文字,對名著的概述及精要部分做了介紹;引導(dǎo)學(xué)生自主探究,交流合作,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的獨(dú)立思考的學(xué)習(xí)慣,指點(diǎn)進(jìn)行名著閱讀的門徑。作為導(dǎo)讀課,教師應(yīng)注意不可“越位”,在學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的過程中,教師的“導(dǎo)”固然重要,學(xué)生的“讀”更不可或缺,應(yīng)避免以“導(dǎo)讀”來代替名著閱讀。因此,《巴黎圣母院》的教學(xué)定位為基于課內(nèi),面向課外,以求達(dá)到以學(xué)帶讀,以讀促學(xué)的目的。
一、內(nèi)容與解析內(nèi)容:科普說明文《動物游戲之謎》。解析:《動物游戲之謎》是高中語文(必修)3第四單元的一篇科普說明文??茖W(xué)是人類認(rèn)識世界的重要工具,是人類文化的重要組成部分,是標(biāo)志人類文明的尺度。閱讀科普文章,可以啟迪心志,激發(fā)想象,帶領(lǐng)我們進(jìn)入全新的科學(xué)天地,在科學(xué)海洋中遨游。本文思路清晰,內(nèi)容生動,揭開了動物日常游戲行為的神秘面紗,擺出研究者的種種結(jié)論,既讓我們擴(kuò)大了視野,增長了知識,也讓我們明白了科學(xué)探索永無止境。學(xué)習(xí)本文的重點(diǎn)是提高的科普文的閱讀能力,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生勤于探索、勇于鉆研的科學(xué)精神。二、教學(xué)目標(biāo)及解析1、理清文章思路,明確本文的說明內(nèi)容和順序。2、品讀文章,感受本文的語言特色。3、激發(fā)探究興趣,培養(yǎng)篩選信息、提取要素及概括敘述的能力。4、挖掘人文內(nèi)涵,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生保護(hù)動物的意識和勤于探索、勇于鉆研的科學(xué)精神。
五.研習(xí)第一段:1.誦讀指導(dǎo)要處理好句中停頓2.請學(xué)生對照注釋翻譯本段重點(diǎn)詞句:學(xué)不可以已已:停止。青,取之于藍(lán)而青于藍(lán)于:從;比。木直中繩中:zhàng符合,合于。雖有槁暴,不復(fù)挺者,揉使之然也有通又,揉通煣,以火烘木,使其彎曲。然:這樣。翻譯:故木受繩則直,金就礪則利,君子博學(xué)而日參省乎己,則知明而行無過矣。所以木材經(jīng)墨線畫過(再用斧鋸加工)就直了,金屬刀劍拿到磨刀石上(磨過)就鋒利了,君子廣博地學(xué)習(xí)并且每天對自己檢驗反省,就能智慧明達(dá),行為沒有過錯了。3.本段是從哪個角度論述中心論點(diǎn)的?明確:本段是從學(xué)習(xí)的意義這個角度論述中心論點(diǎn)的。荀子認(rèn)為人的知識、道德、才能都不是天生成的,而是后天不斷學(xué)習(xí)獲得的,學(xué)習(xí)的意義十分重大,所以學(xué)習(xí)不能停止。4.本段中幾個比喻句是為了說明什么道理?學(xué)生討論發(fā)言,教師明確:
【明確】“一夫當(dāng)關(guān),萬夫莫開”言劍閣有易守難攻的險要形勢,暗示中央朝廷的部隊很不容易打進(jìn)來,因而野心家可以據(jù)險發(fā)動叛亂,“化為狼與豺”,搞地方割據(jù)。如果割據(jù)勢力之間出現(xiàn)矛盾沖突,難免要發(fā)生混戰(zhàn),結(jié)果必定是“殺人如麻”。詩人這番預(yù)言在十多年后就得到了證實:從上元二年到大歷初即有段子璋、徐知道、崔旰等人相繼發(fā)動叛亂。詩人的意圖是要嚴(yán)防野心家發(fā)難。詩人從劍閣的險要引出對政治形勢的描寫。他化用西晉張載《劍閣銘》中形勝之地,匪親勿居的語句,目的在于勸人引以為鑒戒,警惕戰(zhàn)亂的發(fā)生,并聯(lián)系當(dāng)時的社會背景,揭露了蜀中豺狼的磨牙吮血,殺人如麻,這既是描寫蜀道猛獸,又是影射政治黑暗的雙關(guān)語句,表達(dá)了對國事的憂慮與關(guān)切,為詩篇增加了現(xiàn)實的內(nèi)涵、深厚的意蘊(yùn)。唐天寶初年,太平景象背后正潛伏著危機(jī),后來發(fā)生的安史之亂,證明詩人的憂慮是有現(xiàn)實意義的。
小結(jié)人們對待祥林嫂這個“嫁而再寡”的不幸女人態(tài)度:①、魯四老爺?shù)膽B(tài)度:不讓她干祭祀的活(71、73、75、108通過四嬸先后三喊“你放著罷”,殺人不見血地葬送了祥林嫂的性命。而其中尤以最后一次對其打擊最大)。魯四老爺站在頑固維護(hù)封建宗法制度的立場上,從精神上殘酷地虐殺她。他暗暗地告誡四嬸的那段話,就是置祥林嫂于死地而又不露一絲血痕的軟刀子。②、魯四嬸的態(tài)度:魯四嬸是“大戶人家的太太”,頭一次留祥林嫂是看她能干,祥林嫂被婆家綁架走以后,她害怕給自己家惹麻煩。之后她惦念祥林嫂不是因為關(guān)心她的命運(yùn),而是自己的傭人都沒有祥林嫂那樣可心。以后祥林嫂再來,她“起初還躊躕”,后來倒是真心憐憫祥林嫂,留下她。但是祥林嫂不像過去那樣靈活能干了,四嬸開始“不滿”,進(jìn)而“警告”,最后把祥林嫂趕出家門??梢哉f,四嬸只是把祥林嫂當(dāng)成一件工具罷了,沒有把她當(dāng)人來看。
一、明確目標(biāo)1.注意小傳的寫作特色,如小傳的“小”以及是怎樣小中見大的。2.引導(dǎo)學(xué)生進(jìn)行綜合把握和比較閱讀以更好地理解課文內(nèi)容,看看在寫法上各自有什么不同。3.一詞多義的準(zhǔn)確知識運(yùn)用二、整體感知1.解題李商隱的《李賀小傳》有別于一般傳記文的客觀直敘,是一篇性情之文;同時也和作者的詩歌風(fēng)格相異,寫得樸實自然而又不乏意趣。2.本文所體現(xiàn)的“小傳”的特點(diǎn)本文最大的特點(diǎn)在于:小傳雖小,但小中有大、以小見大。其“小”在于:作者并沒有全面勾勒詩人李賀的一生,對他的生平經(jīng)歷也記敘不多,而是選取了他生活中的若干小片段進(jìn)行插敘,以小片段撐起傳記的主干。此外,在篇幅上,全文寥寥數(shù)百字,語言極為精練。而其“大”又體現(xiàn)在:極小極短的篇幅卻具有很大的容量,集敘事、議論和曲折的抒情于一體。內(nèi)容渾厚,意味深長。