1. This section focuses on "Understanding how a problem was solved”, which is aimed to guide students to analyze and discuss the challenges and problems faced by cultural heritage protection during the construction of Aswan Dam, as well as the solutions. On the basis of understanding, students should pay attention to the key role of international cooperation in solving problems, and attach importance to the balance and coordination between cultural heritage protection and social and economic development. Students are encouraged to face challenges actively, be good at cooperation, and make continuous efforts to find reasonable ways and means to solve problems.2. Enable students to understand the main information and text structure of the reading text;3. Motivate students to use the reading strategy "make a timeline" according to the appropriate text genre;4. Enable students to understand how a problem was solved;5. Enable students to understand the value of protecting cultural heritage by teamwork and global community;1. Guide students to pay attention to reading strategies, such as prediction, self-questioning and scanning.2. Help students sort out the topic language about protecting cultural relics and understand the narrative characteristics of "time-event" in illustrative style3. Lead students to understand the value of protecting cultural heritage by teamwork and global community;
2.表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的被動動作(該動作在說話的瞬間未必正在進(jìn)行)。Many interesting experiments are being carried out these days.(說話時(shí),并不一定正在進(jìn)行)3.表示一種經(jīng)常性的被動行為,常和always,constantly 等表示頻度的副詞連用,這種用法常常帶有贊揚(yáng)或厭惡的感情色彩。He is always being praised by the leader.4.表示按計(jì)劃或安排主語將要承受謂語動詞所表示的動作(僅限于少數(shù)及物動詞)。A party is being held tonight.Step 4 Special cases1.像take care of, look after, talk about, think of等動詞與介詞構(gòu)成的短語用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動語態(tài)時(shí), 其中的介詞不可省略。The ways to stop illegally hunting are being talked about. 2.可與部分情態(tài)動詞連用,表示對正在發(fā)生的事情的推測。She may be being punished by her mother.3.有時(shí)可表示按計(jì)劃或安排將要進(jìn)行的一個(gè)被動動作。A celebration is being held this weekend for his success.4.某些表示“狀態(tài)、心理活動、存在”等的動詞,如have,want,need,love,一般不用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動語態(tài),而常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動語態(tài)。With the population increasing,more land is needed.5.“be+under/in+n.”可表示現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動意義。My computer is under repair.=My computer is being repaired.
The theme of this unit is human and nature, focusing on the theme of wildlife protection. Nature is a complex ecosystem, in which there are delicate balance between animals and plants. Because of the role of the food chain, the extinction of one species will produce influence, causing a series of chain reaction. Large scale extinction of species will have a serious and even irreversible impact on the ecosystem, resulting in immeasurable losses. Therefore, it is of great significance to protect wild species. To protect wild species is to protect human beings themselves. The motto of this unit is "when the buying stops, the killing can too,” which is a public service advertising slogan to protect wildlife. It tells people that every rhinoceros horn, every fur, every bowl of shark fin soup, every Ivory product, and every tiger bone product, etc. consumed by human beings, are innocent wild animals slaughtered behind them. The mission of wild aid is to ban illegal trade in endangered wildlife and mitigate climate change. It aims to educate the public to reduce the consumption demand for endangered wildlife products through public publicity and improve the awareness of environmental protection.1. Improve the awareness of wildlife protection by acquiring the knowledge of wildlife protection.2. Focus on environmental protection and protection of all lives.3. Analysis of the living environment of wild animals with appropriate thinking mode.4. Skillfully use the vocabulary and grammar knowledge of this unit to cultivate self-study ability according to the unit content5. Develop cooperative learning ability through discussion and other ways1. Enable the Ss to talk about the current situation of wild animals.2. Guide the Ss to summarize the main idea of each paragraph as well as the main idea of the text.
This teaching period mainly deals with grammar “The Present Perfect Passive Voice.” To begin with, teachers should lead students to revise what they have learned about the Present Perfect Passive Voice. And then, teachers move on to stress more special cases concerning this grammar。This period carries considerable significance to the cultivation of students’ writing competence and lays a solid foundation for the basic appreciation of language beauty. The teacher is expected to enable students to master this period thoroughly and consolidate the knowledge by doing some exercises. 1. Guide students to review the basic usages of the Present Perfect Passive Voice2. Lead students to learn to use some special cases concerning the Present Perfect Passive Voice flexibly.2. Enable students to use the basic phrases structures flexibly.3. Strengthen students’ great interest in grammar learning.1. Help students to appreciate the function of the Present Perfect Passive Voice in a sentence2. Instruct students to write essays using the proper the Present Perfect Passive Voice.觀察下列句子特點(diǎn),總結(jié)共同點(diǎn)。1.(教材P28)Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web.2.(教材P28)But the Internet has done much more for people than simply make life more convenient.3.(教材P28)Many people have been helped by the club.4.(教材P28)She no longer feels lonely, and her company has become quite successful.5.(教材P32)Today I thought I’d blog about a question that has been asked many times—how do you stay safe online and avoid bad experiences on the Internet?
From the pictures in the text and the title--- choose the best app, we can know that this part is about how to save money by using apps.Step 2 While-listening1. Laura and Xiao Bo are talking about apps. Listen to their conversation and find out what apps they want.Xiao Bo is looking for a(n) exercise app to help him get in shape.Laura would like an app for getting rich and another that will make her grades better.2. Listen again. Are the sentences true T or false F?1). Both of Xiao Bo's apps keep track of the steps he takes._____2). Xiao Bo's second app can help him make a fitness plan._____3). Laura needs an app that will help her get discounts.______4). Laura needs an app that will add money to her bank account._______F T F T3. Listen once more and tick the sentence you hear. Underline the words used to express predictions, guesses, and beliefs.Predictions, Guesses, and Beliefs________It might help me walk more.________My guess is that it wouldn't work.________I imagine this app would help me get fit faster________I suppose that would be good.________I guess you could save a little with this app.________I suppose there would be some problems, too.________I believe this app could help me get thinner.
Q5:What's Jan's next goal?Her next goal is to start a charity website to raise money for children in poor countries.Q6:What can we learn from her experiences?We learn that when we go through tough times, we can find help and support from other people online. We learn that we can feel less lonelyStep 5: While reading---rethinkingQ1: What is Jan’s attitude to the Internet ?Thankful/Grateful, because it has changed her and her life.Q2: What writing skills is used in the article ?Examples(Jan’s example, the 59-year-old man’s and the 61-year-old woman’s example)Q3: Can you get the main idea of the article ?The Internet has changed Jan’s life/Jan’s life has been changed by the Internet.Step 6 Post reading---Retell the storyMuch has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web. There are countless articles (1)telling(tell) us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient. But the Internet has done a lot (2)more(much) for people than simply make life more convenient. People’s lives (3) have been changed(change) by online communities and social networks so far. Take Jan for example, who developed a serious illness that made her (4)stuck(stick) at home with only her computer to keep (5)her(she) company. She joined an online group (6)where she could share problems, support and advice with others. She considered the ability to remove the distance between people as one of the greatest (7)benefits(benefit). She was so inspired (8)that she started an IT club in which many people have been helped. She has started to learn more about how to use the Internet to make society better. Her next goal is to start a charity website to raise money (9)for children in poor countries. Jan’s life has been (10)greatly(great) improved by the Internet.
4. When he got absorbed in his world of music, he felt as if he could “see” the beauty of the world around him, like he had in his previous life.P·P as adverbial: _________________________________________________________________.Function: _______________________________________________________________________.Step 5 Solid Complete the passage with the words in brackets in their correct forms.Well known as a successful band, the Impact members show quite a few striking qualities. They never ever give up. When _____________(question) by the media, they are not _____________(discourage) and practise even harder. They are improving themselves by attending several master training class. They are united. _____________(fill with) team spirit, they act as a whole, always aiming for glory. Step 6 Difference and similarity from -ingObserve the following examples.1. He went out, shutting the door behind him.=He went out, ________________________________________________________.2. Not knowing what to do, he went to his parents for help.=__________________________________________, he went to his parents for help.Similarity: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.Difference : _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.Step Practice1. ________ in a hurry, this article was not so good. 因?yàn)閷懙么颐? 這篇文章不是很好。2. ________ carefully, he found something he hadn’t known before. 他仔細(xì)讀書時(shí), 發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些從前不知道的東西。3. ________ why he did it, the monitor said it was his duty. 當(dāng)被問及他為什么要這么做時(shí), 班長說這是他的職責(zé)
1. Get basic information about Eric; read deeply to understand the history and development of the virtual choir.2. Understand what the function of the virtual choir is and how to make a virtual choir.3. Understand the meaning of some languages in the context of the text through question guidance, such as “Many people do not have close friends or contacts who have the same interest in music.” and so on.Step 1 Leading-in1. Answer the following questions.Q1:Do you know the Apps like Tik Tok and Quick Hand?Q2: Do you want to make a Tik Tok video or a Quick Hand video?2. Play a Tik Tok video Step 2: Understanding the title Q1:What does the title mean ?Q2: Is the article a narration or exposition? Why? Q3: Can you change the title ? If you can, what is the title?Step 3: Scanning the whole text and getting the basic information1. Answer the following questions.Q1:Who came up with the idea for a virtual choir?Q2: Where did Eric studied the musical composition?Q3: What is his song?2. Find the main idea of each paragraph3. Deal with some new words.Step 4: Reading carefully to get detailed informationPara 1 How to make a virtual choir1. PreparationA. tools: a virtual camera; an Internet connectionB. hero/heroin: friends or some individuals who have the same interests2. Process
The Internet celebrity Gao Yifeng. Years ago, he owned 5 companies and the staffs over 1,000, but during the economy crisis, he became nothing but debt. He was so worried that his hair became white overnight. There was a time when he wanted to killed himself. But after listening to the song Start Over by Liu Huan, he decided to cheer himself up. He started a steamed bun shop and gradually became a national chain shops. Now he became successful again.Walter Haddon said, “Music is the medicine of a troubled mind.” Music contains such a pleasant and inspiring force. Music gave him courage and bravery. When he listened to the song, it made his spirit fly like a kite in the wind. Music gave him strength and brought him relief. It was the rock I leant on to become strong and to get through those hard times. I hope none of us have to go through the same kind of suffering that he did. At the same time, we all go through various periods when we feel sad or alone. During those times, music can help us in the same way that it helped him. I hope we all will somehow begin to treasure music and make it a part of our life. Thank you for your listening !5.Revise your writing each other.Does he/she explain how music has changed his/her/someone else’s life?Are some of the rhetorical devices included and used properly ?Does he/she talk about how music makes him/her/someone feel?Is the first word in each sentences capitalised?Does he/she use correct punctuation ?
1. Ss look at the picture and scan the passage to understand the main idea while teacher is giving the following questions to inspire Ss to think.*Where are those people?*What are they doing?*Why are they so excited?2. Ss complete the passage with the appropriate -ing form. Then discuss and check the answers with class.Answers: boring, interesting, taking, exciting, amazing3. The teacher raises questions for the students to discuss and encourages them to express their opinions.*Do you like La Tomatina? Why or why not?4. Each group representative reports the discussion result, the teacher gives feedback and the evaluation.Step 6 PracticeActivity 41. Ss complete the Ex 2 in Using structures.2. Check the answers after finishing the exercises.①The dragon boat races are the most exciting part of the Dragon Boat Festival.② The children were excited to go Easter egg hunting.③What an amazing performance! This is the best music festival I have ever been to.④We were amazed by her funny-looking hat.⑤His inspiring speech at the conference won the admiration/ favour of the audience.⑥This is a challenging game to test your memory and observation capabilities. 3. T asks Ss to finish Ex 3 and 4 in Using structures by themselves, then check the answers with class.Step 6 Homework1. Understand and master the functions and usage of the -ing form;2. Finish the other exercises in Using structures.1、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生是否理解和掌握動詞-ing形式作定語和表語的功能和意義;2、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否在理解文段內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)上下文語境和表達(dá)邏輯,能正確運(yùn)用動詞-ing形式描述節(jié)日慶典。3、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生是否歸納和積累用于表達(dá)情緒的相關(guān)詞匯。
(2)Consolidate key vocabulary.Ask the students to complete the exercises of activity 6 by themselves. Then ask them to check the answers with their partners.(The first language:Damage of the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and fire.A second language: Yunnan - one of the most diverse provinces in China).Step 5 Language points1. The teacher asks the students to read the text carefully, find out the more words and long and difficult sentences in the text and draw lines, understand the use of vocabulary, and analyze the structure of long and difficult sentences.2. The teacher explains and summarizes the usage of core vocabulary and asks the students to take notes.3. The teacher analyzes and explains the long and difficult sentences that the students don't understand, so that the students can understand them better.Step 6 Homework1. Read the text again, in-depth understanding of the text;2. Master the use of core vocabulary and understand the long and difficult sentences.3. Complete relevant exercises in the guide plan.1、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生是否理解和掌握閱讀文本中的新詞匯的意義與用法;2、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否結(jié)合文本特點(diǎn)了解文章的結(jié)構(gòu)和作者的寫作邏輯;3、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否了解舊金山的城市風(fēng)貌、文化特色,以及加利福尼亞州的歷史,體會多元文化對美國的影響。
一、說教材《說“木葉”》這篇文學(xué)論文位于統(tǒng)編版高中語文必修下冊第三單元。本單元對應(yīng)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)群是“實(shí)用性閱讀與交流”,人文主題是“探索與創(chuàng)新”,語文素養(yǎng)是“學(xué)習(xí)閱讀知識性讀物,理清文章思路,學(xué)習(xí)闡釋說明、邏輯推理的方法,體會語言的嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)準(zhǔn)確,發(fā)展科學(xué)思維”?!墩f“木葉”》提出了中國古典詩歌為何用“‘木葉’而不用‘樹葉’、又由‘木葉’發(fā)展為‘落木’的疑問”,繼而分析了“木”字的兩個(gè)藝術(shù)特征,解決了上述疑問,闡發(fā)了中國古典詩歌語言的暗示性。二、說學(xué)情高一年級下學(xué)期的學(xué)生已經(jīng)接觸過不少實(shí)用性論說類文本,例如統(tǒng)編版九年級上冊《論教養(yǎng)》《談創(chuàng)造性思維》等文章。本學(xué)段的學(xué)生已經(jīng)掌握了“論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)、論證”的相關(guān)知識,并且發(fā)展了一定的邏輯思維能力,這為《說“木葉”》的講授提供了學(xué)習(xí)支架。但《說“木葉”》這篇文學(xué)論文,篇幅長達(dá)三千字,使用了專業(yè)術(shù)語,運(yùn)用大量詩詞舉例,這些是給學(xué)生閱讀造成困難的原因。
【課件展示】《秦朝中央集權(quán)制度的建立》《教材簡析》《教學(xué)目標(biāo)》《教法簡介》《教學(xué)過程設(shè)計(jì)及特色簡述》【師】本節(jié)內(nèi)容以秦代政治體制和官僚系統(tǒng)的建立為核心內(nèi)容,主要包括秦朝中央集權(quán)制的建立的背景、建立過程及影響。本節(jié)內(nèi)容在整個(gè)單元中起到承前啟后的作用,在整個(gè)模塊中也有相當(dāng)重要的地位。讓學(xué)生了解中國古代中央集權(quán)政治體制的初建對于理解我國古代政治制度的發(fā)展乃至我們今天的政治體制是十分必要的。 本堂課我采用多媒體和講授法及歷史辯論法相結(jié)合,通過巧妙設(shè)計(jì)問題情境,調(diào)動學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)積極性,使學(xué)生主動學(xué)習(xí),探究思考。教師引導(dǎo)和組織學(xué)生采取小組討論、情景體驗(yàn)等方式,達(dá)到教學(xué)目標(biāo)。 本節(jié)內(nèi)容分三個(gè)部分,下面首先看秦朝中央集權(quán)制度建立的前提即秦的統(tǒng)一
增強(qiáng)法紀(jì)意識,爭做守法公民263班老師們、同學(xué)們:大家早上好!12月是“XX市法紀(jì)教育月”,為推進(jìn)中學(xué)生自護(hù)安全教育的有序開展,積極培養(yǎng)學(xué)生珍愛生命、關(guān)愛生命意識,增長基本的安全自護(hù)知識,提高避險(xiǎn)抗災(zāi)能力,我講話的主題為“增強(qiáng)法紀(jì)意識,爭做守法公民”。青少年違法犯罪問題,是現(xiàn)階段一個(gè)不容忽視的社會問題,必須引起全社會的高度重視。青少年時(shí)期,具有好奇心強(qiáng)、好學(xué)善仿、辨別是非能力差、可塑性較大等。而青少年這些不同于成年人的特點(diǎn),反映在青少年犯罪問題上,就是行為盲目,帶有很大偶然性。其犯罪有以下特點(diǎn):犯罪年齡呈低齡化。從年齡反面看:近年來,犯罪的高發(fā)年齡在18歲左右,其中以14-16歲少年犯罪更為突出,并呈越來越低齡化的趨勢。
3、通過分析理解作者是如何在典型環(huán)境中刻畫出典型人物的。(設(shè)計(jì)意圖:因?yàn)椤镀胀ǜ咧姓Z文新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》中要求學(xué)生把握報(bào)告文學(xué)的語言特色,所以需要分析文中重點(diǎn)語句的語言特色。同時(shí),由于報(bào)告文學(xué)的藝術(shù)價(jià)值體現(xiàn)在文學(xué)性上,它不能像新聞報(bào)道那樣,只有事件梗概,它必須刻畫人物形象,必須有環(huán)境等方面的描寫,加強(qiáng)語言的藝術(shù)感染力,所以在教學(xué)過程中要注重對典型環(huán)境中的典型人物的分析。)三、課時(shí)安排:兩課時(shí)四、教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì):(第一課時(shí)的教學(xué)過程)1、通過表格來對比分析報(bào)告文學(xué)與新聞的異同點(diǎn)。使學(xué)生明確理解到報(bào)告文學(xué)的藝術(shù)價(jià)值在于它的文學(xué)性,而其文學(xué)性主要通過對人物的刻畫、環(huán)境的描寫等方面的文學(xué)手段的綜合運(yùn)用。2、為了更好的了解本文,要學(xué)生相互分享收集到的時(shí)代背景資料及作者簡介。3、讓學(xué)生快速瀏覽課文找出本文的表層結(jié)構(gòu),初步感知到本文的表層結(jié)構(gòu)是按照時(shí)間順序來敘述描寫包身工一天的活動及按事物發(fā)展的順序敘述包身工制度的產(chǎn)生發(fā)展及膨大。
2.體味詩人的人生際遇,感受詩人憂國憂民的愛國情操?!裰攸c(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)重點(diǎn):感受、品味詩歌的意境。難點(diǎn):對作者隱晦情感的把握。●解決辦法1.指導(dǎo)朗讀,強(qiáng)化背誦。建議學(xué)生課前完熟讀甚至背誦6首詩,這有助于學(xué)生初步了解詩意,以便較快進(jìn)人對詩作的理解,將教學(xué)重點(diǎn)放到把握、分析意境方面。2.提出問題,重視體悟。精讀課要解決四個(gè)問題:詩中寫了什么,怎么寫的,為什么寫,這樣寫的好處。聯(lián)想和想象是填補(bǔ)藝術(shù)空白、品賞意境的好辦法,就這一點(diǎn),教師在精讀課上要做出示范,自讀課可把填補(bǔ)的任務(wù)交給學(xué)生。3.補(bǔ)充史料,做好總結(jié)。論世知人,有利于理解詩歌。教師可提供適當(dāng)?shù)谋尘百Y料。4.引導(dǎo)學(xué)生總結(jié)鑒賞詩歌的方法:解題、釋句、入境、會意。
一、說教材(一)教材的特點(diǎn)及在本單元的地位《阿房宮賦》位于人教版老教材《中國古代詩歌散文欣賞》第四單元“創(chuàng)造形象,詩人有別”主題?!栋⒎繉m賦》為晚唐文賦,賦講究鋪陳和聲韻,而本文不但有華美的語言、和諧的聲律,還有深刻的思想內(nèi)涵,本文在本單元中有極高的欣賞價(jià)值。語文教學(xué)大綱中要求學(xué)生“具有初步文學(xué)鑒賞能力和閱讀淺易文言文的能力”。本文從文字、結(jié)構(gòu)和意義等各方面來說都是非常值得我們來鑒賞的。二、說學(xué)情學(xué)生在初中階段已學(xué)過杜牧的詩作,對杜牧其人及其作品的諷諫風(fēng)格已有初步了解。然而本賦篇幅較長,學(xué)生閱讀能力尚淺,難以深刻理解賦文“鋪采摛文”的寫作藝術(shù)。通過誦讀吟詠、教師點(diǎn)撥,把握本賦的語言風(fēng)格。
讀,是學(xué)生接觸作品最直接的方式。初讀詞作,讓學(xué)生聽示范讀,并且在課本注解的提示下,解決詞作的讀音問題。再進(jìn)一步了解詞人情況、本詞的創(chuàng)作背景以及懷古詠史詩詞的基本情況。通過齊讀的方式,親身感受詞作的音韻之美。讀,是放飛想象的最好方式。再讀詞作,通過誦讀上闕內(nèi)容,想象上闕描繪了一幅什么樣的情景?用了哪些富有表現(xiàn)力的詞來極力描繪這些景象?呈現(xiàn)出何種意境?有何作用?并且利用智慧課堂進(jìn)行填空和選擇。讀,是把握內(nèi)容的最有用的方式。通過智慧課堂隨機(jī)選擇,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生分角色誦讀下闕,分析三國時(shí)的周瑜與此時(shí)的詞人蘇軾的形象。在對比中,感受周瑜的情場、官場、戰(zhàn)場,場場得意的情況,和蘇軾的黃州、惠州、儋州,州州失意的人生境遇。理解周瑜之于蘇軾而言,是某種程度上熱切向往的和難以企及的夢。讀,也是賞析體悟作品主要方式。學(xué)生再次齊讀下闕,賞析詞作最后兩句“人生如夢,一尊還酹江月”表達(dá)了作者怎樣的情感?來完成本篇內(nèi)容的學(xué)習(xí)。
四、說教學(xué)過程(一)結(jié)合現(xiàn)實(shí)、自然導(dǎo)入隨著我國開放的深入發(fā)展,國外的科學(xué)、文化、技術(shù)以及資產(chǎn)階級的腐朽思想,生活作風(fēng)等等也隨之大量涌來,我們應(yīng)采取怎樣的態(tài)度和方法才是正確的呢?魯迅先生在30年代就繼承文化遺產(chǎn)問題曾寫過一篇雜文,我們可以從中獲得那些啟示呢?(二)整體感知、疏瀹文意1.請同學(xué)介紹“我所知道的魯迅”,教師補(bǔ)充寫作背景。教師有針對性的進(jìn)行預(yù)習(xí)檢查,能促使學(xué)生養(yǎng)成課前預(yù)習(xí)的習(xí)慣。2.理清文章的思路,分析文章的整體結(jié)構(gòu)教師范讀課文,針對較難的字音進(jìn)行正讀。學(xué)生快速瀏覽課文,把握全文框架,小組討論后分出層次。(讓學(xué)生通過自主合作探究來概括文意可以讓同學(xué)們參與到教學(xué)活動中,鍛煉學(xué)生實(shí)際動手能力)
概括出祖母的形象:祖母是一位對我恩重如山,身纏重病,風(fēng)燭殘年的老人。(緊扣“嬰”,)了解作者身世:“生孩六月,慈父見背;行年四歲,舅奪母志。祖母劉,憫臣孤弱,躬親撫養(yǎng)。臣少多疾病,九歲不行,零丁孤苦,至于成立。既無伯叔,終鮮兄弟;門衰祚薄,晚有兒息。外無期功強(qiáng)近之親,內(nèi)無應(yīng)門五尺之僮。煢煢孑立,形影相吊?!保ǜ爬鞔_:“孤苦”“孤弱”,突出“孤”)【先分析“應(yīng)該盡忠”和“不得不去盡忠”,再分析“不能去盡忠”,避免了串講課文的平淡與枯燥,使課堂有了波瀾?!浚ㄈ┳穯柼骄?,察理析忠孝問題:只說自身孤苦、祖母多病是“以情動人”,或許能打動一個(gè)君王,但是對于像晉武帝這樣一個(gè)君王就很難說了。晉武帝究竟是一個(gè)什么樣的君王?李密又是用什么理由說服他的呢?其間體現(xiàn)了作者怎樣的機(jī)變和才智呢?