五.說教學(xué)過程:(重點)1.課題引入:課堂探究導(dǎo)入新課。采用教材現(xiàn)成的探究活動導(dǎo)入新課,既“溫故”又“知新”,還節(jié)約了課堂有效時間。2.講授新課:(20-25分鐘)本課的重難點是關(guān)于哲學(xué)基本問題的解釋,我引用一個很著名的學(xué)生也略知一二的唯心主義觀點的例子(課堂探究1)順利進入本課重要知識點的學(xué)習(xí),采用案例教學(xué),激發(fā)學(xué)生的興趣以及探究問題的欲望,學(xué)習(xí)哲學(xué)基本問題的第一個方面,并用問題和練習(xí)形式鞏固知識,強化學(xué)生易錯已混知識點;課堂探究2,同樣引用哲學(xué)上的著名案例讓學(xué)生分析探究思考以及合作交流,學(xué)生趣味濃厚,主動深入學(xué)習(xí)本課知識,達到預(yù)期教學(xué)目的。此時,本課的重點知識教學(xué)完成。關(guān)于本課的第二個知識點“為什么思維和存在的關(guān)系問題是哲學(xué)的基本問題”采用學(xué)生自主閱讀、合作交流的方法,歸納總結(jié),完成本知識目標(biāo)。3.課堂反饋、知識遷移(10-15分鐘)采用學(xué)生總結(jié)、隨堂練習(xí)等形式鞏固本課知識,同時檢驗教學(xué)效果??墒箤W(xué)生更深刻的理解教學(xué)重點。
1、課題引入:11月16日9時40分許,甘肅慶陽市正寧縣榆林子鎮(zhèn)發(fā)生一起重大交通事故,“校車安全”又一次甚囂塵上,我設(shè)計提問“校車安全事故然表面是偶然,但又是一種必然,你認為事件的原因何在?”的問題激發(fā)學(xué)生的閱讀興趣。我設(shè)計典型事例,通過學(xué)生討論,教師總結(jié)的形式,并得出主次矛盾辯證關(guān)系的原理分析。2、具體分析事件背后的原因,從原因中發(fā)現(xiàn),這眾多的原因矛盾中,都有主次方面之分,由于得出矛盾的主次方面原理。3、從原因中,尋找對策,既堅持重點論與兩點論的結(jié)合。反對一點論和均衡論。4、無獨有偶,在2011年在湖南,海南,廣西等地均有類似的事件發(fā)生。對比各地事故背后的原因,得出應(yīng)具體問題具體分析。進而分析具體問題具體分析的意義及地位。
3.要與時俱進,培養(yǎng)創(chuàng)新精神,促成新事物的成長(板書)(1)以智引入,知識遷移:考考你:有十個人,要求他們站成五排,每排四人。應(yīng)該怎樣站?(2)以議誘思:研究一個課題:去和尚廟推銷梳子(3)以境誘思:毛澤東思想――鄧小平理論――三個代表重要思想。理論創(chuàng)新。我的中國心計算機、手機、DVD、數(shù)碼相機等電子產(chǎn)品,沒有一顆中國芯。??萍紕?chuàng)新。小結(jié),用發(fā)展的觀點看問題,必須把三者結(jié)合起來。兩個推銷員。刻舟求劍。反面說明用發(fā)展的觀點看問題。(三)課堂總結(jié)教師:同學(xué)們,我們今天主要講了以下幾個問題:第一,要把事物如實地看成一個變化發(fā)展的過程;第二,要弄清事物在其發(fā)展過程中所處的階段和地位;第三,要有創(chuàng)新精神,促進新事物的成長。總而言之,世界上萬事萬物都是變化發(fā)展的,不能用一成不變的眼光看待人和事,我們要正確的想問題、辦事情,必須堅持用發(fā)展的眼光看問題。
5.課堂練習(xí),夯實基礎(chǔ)。得出原理方法論之后,給學(xué)生一分鐘時間記憶,然后一名或幾名學(xué)生上講臺默寫,其他同學(xué)相互提問。針對這一基本概念,設(shè)置一道選擇題。6、播放黃宏、宋丹丹小品《回家》片段,引發(fā)學(xué)生的興趣,接著教師展示幾幅關(guān)于手機的圖片,然后讓學(xué)生結(jié)合圖片,進行討論交流解決“合作探究二”,然后進行搶答(可以引發(fā)學(xué)生的競爭,從而調(diào)動課堂氣氛)。教師在學(xué)生回答基礎(chǔ)上,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生得出發(fā)展的實質(zhì)這一結(jié)論,接著教師展示“如何判斷一個事物是新事物還是舊事物的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”,結(jié)合這一標(biāo)準(zhǔn),讓學(xué)生判斷“電腦科技算命是不是新事物”,學(xué)生很容易就可以得出結(jié)論。7.教師簡單總結(jié)剛剛學(xué)過的內(nèi)容,引出“運動、變化是不是發(fā)展?”然后讓學(xué)生討論交流“合作探究三”。然后進行搶答,教師在學(xué)生回答基礎(chǔ)上,稍加點評,給予積極地評價,然后展示答案。8.教師引導(dǎo)學(xué)生得出本節(jié)課的第二個原理與方法論,并讓學(xué)生當(dāng)堂記憶,可以簡單提問。然后做課堂達標(biāo)題,在學(xué)生展示答案后,教師簡單點撥即可。
四、說學(xué)法哲學(xué)知識是比較抽象的,大多數(shù)學(xué)生都覺得哲學(xué)的內(nèi)容很難把握,因此,針對學(xué)生的實際情況,在教學(xué)中必須發(fā)揮學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的主動性。通過觀察、教師的引導(dǎo)及討論來加深理解;通過練習(xí)來鞏固所學(xué)知識。1.觀察法:引導(dǎo)學(xué)生觀察生活中的現(xiàn)象,加深理解發(fā)展的普遍性和發(fā)展的實質(zhì)。2.探究法:讓學(xué)生在討論中體會發(fā)展的永恒性,知道用發(fā)展的觀點看問題。3.練習(xí)法:“溫故而知新”,學(xué)以致用,及時給一些習(xí)題讓學(xué)生練習(xí),讓他們更能把握教材內(nèi)容。五、說教學(xué)過程:[導(dǎo)入新課]引用一個歷史故事來導(dǎo)入新課。(利用多媒體課件展示)[講授新課]第一目:發(fā)展的普遍性①、自然界是發(fā)展的。(展示人的進化過程的圖片和青蛙成長過程的圖片,結(jié)合教材的例子來說明自然界是發(fā)展的)
活動共分四個環(huán)節(jié),在開始部分我設(shè)計了在音樂的伴奏下玩木頭人的游戲,一開始老師和小朋友一起聽音樂四散做自己喜愛的動作,音樂一停,老師問:誰是木頭人?小朋友回答:我是木頭人,同時擺好一個造型不動,老師檢查。第二環(huán)節(jié)的游戲:我最愛運動是本節(jié)活動的重點和難點所在,重點是通過讓幼兒模仿運動造型,發(fā)展幼兒身體動作的協(xié)調(diào)性;培養(yǎng)幼兒積極參加游戲的主動性并訓(xùn)練他們在行進間躲避同伴,不碰撞的能力。其中在行進間躲避同伴不碰撞是一個難點。為什么要設(shè)計這樣一個難點呢?我們在生活中常??梢钥吹胶⒆觽冊谟瓮娴臅r候拼命往前沖,好象整個操場只有他一個人,這樣是非常危險的,教會孩子一些躲避的方法就可以避免碰撞事故的發(fā)生。在游戲的前面我設(shè)計了一個模仿運動員的小環(huán)節(jié),目的是讓幼兒展示一下自己已經(jīng)掌握的運動項目,同時也可以大家相互交流一下,看看別人都了解了什么,這樣既給孩子一個展示的機會也提供了一個學(xué)習(xí)的機會。新綱要告訴我們:“培養(yǎng)幼兒對體育活動的興趣是幼兒園體育的重要目標(biāo)”在設(shè)計游戲內(nèi)容的時候,我就想用什么形式既能培養(yǎng)幼兒對體育活動的興趣又能鍛煉幼兒的能力,增強幼兒參與的積極性及競爭意識,于是我想到“競賽”。大家請看,這是教室場地的示意圖,中間的五個小圓圈是競賽點,里面分別寫上“我、最、愛、運、動”五個字,外圈是準(zhǔn)備區(qū)。游戲開始,小朋友和老師一起站在大圈上,聽音樂逆時針向前跑,音樂一停,教師問:誰最愛運動,幼兒一邊回答:我最愛運動,一邊去搶占五個圈,每一個圈里只能站一個人。最先到達圈內(nèi)的小朋友每人要做一個運動項目的造型,而且不能與別人的重復(fù)。再由其他小朋友選出一名做得最好,游戲繼續(xù)進行,每一輪的優(yōu)勝者,到最后一起進行決賽。
對數(shù)與指數(shù)是相通的,本節(jié)在已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)指數(shù)的基礎(chǔ)上通過實例總結(jié)歸納對數(shù)的概念,通過對數(shù)的性質(zhì)和恒等式解決一些與對數(shù)有關(guān)的問題.課程目標(biāo)1、理解對數(shù)的概念以及對數(shù)的基本性質(zhì);2、掌握對數(shù)式與指數(shù)式的相互轉(zhuǎn)化;數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)科素養(yǎng)1.數(shù)學(xué)抽象:對數(shù)的概念;2.邏輯推理:推導(dǎo)對數(shù)性質(zhì);3.數(shù)學(xué)運算:用對數(shù)的基本性質(zhì)與對數(shù)恒等式求值;4.數(shù)學(xué)建模:通過與指數(shù)式的比較,引出對數(shù)定義與性質(zhì).重點:對數(shù)式與指數(shù)式的互化以及對數(shù)性質(zhì);難點:推導(dǎo)對數(shù)性質(zhì).教學(xué)方法:以學(xué)生為主體,采用誘思探究式教學(xué),精講多練。教學(xué)工具:多媒體。一、 情景導(dǎo)入已知中國的人口數(shù)y和年頭x滿足關(guān)系 中,若知年頭數(shù)則能算出相應(yīng)的人口總數(shù)。反之,如果問“哪一年的人口數(shù)可達到18億,20億,30億......”,該如何解決?要求:讓學(xué)生自由發(fā)言,教師不做判斷。而是引導(dǎo)學(xué)生進一步觀察.研探.
函數(shù)在高中數(shù)學(xué)中占有很重要的比重,因而作為函數(shù)的第一節(jié)內(nèi)容,主要從三個實例出發(fā),引出函數(shù)的概念.從而就函數(shù)概念的分析判斷函數(shù),求定義域和函數(shù)值,再結(jié)合三要素判斷函數(shù)相等.課程目標(biāo)1.理解函數(shù)的定義、函數(shù)的定義域、值域及對應(yīng)法則。2.掌握判定函數(shù)和函數(shù)相等的方法。3.學(xué)會求函數(shù)的定義域與函數(shù)值。數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)科素養(yǎng)1.數(shù)學(xué)抽象:通過教材中四個實例總結(jié)函數(shù)定義;2.邏輯推理:相等函數(shù)的判斷;3.數(shù)學(xué)運算:求函數(shù)定義域和求函數(shù)值;4.數(shù)據(jù)分析:運用分離常數(shù)法和換元法求值域;5.數(shù)學(xué)建模:通過從實際問題中抽象概括出函數(shù)概念的活動,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生從“特殊到一般”的分析問題的能力,提高學(xué)生的抽象概括能力。重點:函數(shù)的概念,函數(shù)的三要素。難點:函數(shù)概念及符號y=f(x)的理解。
例7 用描述法表示拋物線y=x2+1上的點構(gòu)成的集合.【答案】見解析 【解析】 拋物線y=x2+1上的點構(gòu)成的集合可表示為:{(x,y)|y=x2+1}.變式1.[變條件,變設(shè)問]本題中點的集合若改為“{x|y=x2+1}”,則集合中的元素是什么?【答案】見解析 【解析】集合{x|y=x2+1}的代表元素是x,且x∈R,所以{x|y=x2+1}中的元素是全體實數(shù).變式2.[變條件,變設(shè)問]本題中點的集合若改為“{y|y=x2+1}”,則集合中的元素是什么?【答案】見解析 【解析】集合{ y| y=x2+1}的代表元素是y,滿足條件y=x2+1的y的取值范圍是y≥1,所以{ y| y=x2+1}={ y| y≥1},所以集合中的元素是大于等于1的全體實數(shù).解題技巧(認識集合含義的2個步驟)一看代表元素,是數(shù)集還是點集,二看元素滿足什么條件即有什么公共特性。
人教版新課標(biāo)教材必修一的“表達交流”部分,有一個專題是“人性的光輝——寫人要凸顯個性”。其中的“寫法借鑒”部分列舉了兩則人物描寫實例,并歸納出人物描寫的幾個要點。其訓(xùn)練的思路和方法是很明顯的,但所列舉的人物描寫的實例卻不夠典型。而必修一第三單元正好是學(xué)習(xí)寫人記事散文,其中的兩篇自讀課文《記梁任公先生的一次演講》《金岳霖先生》又是寫人記事非常典型的文章,故而我嘗試將這兩篇文章作為實例和。寫人要凸顯個性。寫作指導(dǎo)結(jié)合起來教學(xué)。這樣設(shè)計還有一個目的,那就是解決課程改革中教學(xué)內(nèi)容多而課時緊張的矛盾,提高課堂教學(xué)效率。師:今天,我們一起來學(xué)習(xí)“寫人要凸顯個性”。這兩堂課分四個步驟來完成:一、先學(xué)習(xí)教材中關(guān)于寫人方法的介紹,約15分鐘;二、快速閱讀第三單元的《記梁任公先生的一次演講》和《金岳霖先生》兩篇文章,具體感受其寫人的方法,約30分鐘;
4.That was an experience that frightened everyone. →That was _____________________. 答案:1. taking 2. being discussed 3. in the reading room 4. a frightening experienceStep 6 The meaning and function of V-ing as the predicative動詞-ing形式作表語,它通常位于系動詞后面,用以說明主語“是什么”或“怎么樣”一種表示主語的特質(zhì)、特征和狀態(tài), 其作用相當(dāng)于形容詞; 另一種具體說明主語的內(nèi)容, 即主語等同于表語, 兩者可互換。The music they are playing sounds so exciting. 他們演奏的音樂聽起來令人激動。The result is disappointing. 結(jié)果令人失望。Our job is playing all kinds of music. 我們的工作就是演奏各種音樂。Seeing is believing. 眼見為實。Step 7 Practice1. It is ________(amaze) that the boy is able to solve the problem so quickly.2. Buying a car is simply _______(waste) money. 3. Please stop making the noise—it’s getting ________(annoy). 4. complete the passage with the appropriate -ing form.La Tomatina is a festival that takes place in the Spanish town Bunol every August. I think many food festivals are __________ because people are just eating. however, this festival is _________ because people don't actually eat the tomatoes. Instead, they throw them at each other! the number of people ________ part in this tomato fight, can reach up to 20,000, and it is a very __________ fight that lasts for a whole hour. The _______ thing is how clean Bunol is after the tomatoes are washed away after the fight. this is because the juice form tomatoes is really good for making surfaces clean!答案:1. amazing 2. wasting 3. annoying4. boring interesting taking exciting amazing
The topic of this part is “Discover the reasons for festivals and celebrations.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at talking about the experiences and feelings or emotions about the festivals and celebrations. This section aims at detecting the reason why the people celebrate the festivals, the time, the places, the types and the way of celebrations. It also explains why some traditions in the old celebrations are disappearing, like the firecrackers in the big cities and some new things are appearing like the prosperity of business or commerce. 1. Students can talk about what festivals they know and the reasons and the way of celebrating them.2. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.3. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them. 4. Students can have the international awareness about the festivals.1. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.2. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat festival do you like best ? Why ?I like the Spring Festivals because I can set off the fireworks, receive the lucky money and enjoy the Gala with my families.Step 2 Before reading---Pair workWhy do people celebrate different festivals ?The Spring Festivals is to celebrate the end of winter and the coming of spring and new life.The Mid-autumn Day is to celebrate the harvest and admire the moon.
The theme of this section is “Talk about festival activities and festival experiences”.Festival and holiday is a relaxing and interesting topic for students. This part talks about the topic from the daily life of students’. In the part A ---Listening and Speaking, there are three conversations among different speakers from three countries(Japan, Rio and China), where the speakers are participating in or going to participate in the festivals and celebrations. So listening for the relationship among them is a fundamental task. Actually, with the globalization and more international communication, it is normal for Chinese or foreigners to witness different festivals and celebrations in or out of China. In the Conversation 1, a foreign reporter is interviewing a Japanese young girl who just had participated in the ceremony of the Coming-of-Age Day on the street and asking her feeling about the ceremony and the afterwards activities. Conversation 2, Chinese girl Li Mei is witnessing the Rio Carnival for the first time, and her friend Carla gives her some advice on the costumes which enables her to match with the carnival to have a good time. Conversation 3, a Chinese guide is showing a group of foreign visitors around the Lantern Festival and introducing the customs of the festival to them. The three conversations have a strong vitality and insert the festival and cultural elements from different countries. So perceiving the festivals and cultures from different countries is the second task. At the same time, the scripts also insert the targeted grammar --- v-ing as attributive and predicative, which students can perceive and experience in a real context and make a road for the further study. That is the third task. In the Part B--- Listening and Talking, the theme is “Talk about festival experience”, which is the common topic in our daily conversations. During the conversation, Song Lin, a Chinese student, asked Canadian friend Max about how to spend Christmas. In the conversation, Song Lin talked about experience and the feelings during the Chinese Spring Festival, during which there are not only some enjoyable things but some unpleasant things. After the listening, perhaps students find there are some similarities between Christmas and the Chinese Spring Festival as there are some differences in the origins and celebrations. For example, people always visit friends and relatives, decorate their houses, have a big dinner together, chat and give presents to each other.
Step 3 Analyzing article structureActivity 31. Teachers raise questions to guide students to analyze the chapter structure of this diary and think about how to describe the festival experience. (1)What should be included in the opening/body/closing paragraph(s)?(2)How did the writer arrange his/her ideas?(3)What kind of interesting details did the writer describe?(4)How did the writer describe his/her feelings/emotions during the event?2. Students read and compare the three sentence patterns in activity 2. Try to rewrite the first paragraph of the diary with these three sentence patterns. After that, students exchange corrections with their partners. Such as:●This was my first time spending three days experiencing the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and it was an enjoyable and exciting experience. ●I'll never forget my experience at the Naadam Festival because it was my first time to watch the exciting Mongolian games of horse racing, wrestling, and archery so closely. ●I'll always remember my first experience at the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region because it was so amazing to spend three days witnessing a grand Mongolian ceremony. Step 4 Accumulation of statementsActivity 41. Ask the students to read the diary again. Look for sentences that express feelings and emotions, especially those with the -ing form and the past participle. Such as:● …h(huán)orse racing, wrestling, and archery, which are all so exciting to watch. ● some amazing performances● I was surprised to see…● I was a little worried about. . . ● feeling really tiredOther emotional statements:●I absolutely enjoyed the archery, too, but the horse races were my favourite part. ●I'm finally back home now, feeling really tired, but celebrating Naadam with my friend was totally worth it. ●He invited me back for the winter to stay in a traditional Mongolian tent and cat hot pot. I can’t wait!2. In addition to the use of the -ing form and the past participle, the teacher should guide the students in the appreciation of these statements, ask them to memorize them, and encourage them to use them reasonably in writing practice.
The topic of this part is “Write about your festival experience”.During the Listening and Speaking and Talking, students are just asked to say out their festival experiences such as the Spring Festival, Mid-autumn Day, but this part students will be asked to write down their own festival experiences. During the reading part, it introduces the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which can give students a good example to imitate. Students not only learn the festival, but touch and feel the Inner Mongolian’s character, the spirit and cultural atmosphere, which can help students form the cultural awareness and learn to enjoy and value the diversity of Chinese culture.Concretely, the dairy tells the experience that the author spent the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region with his/her friend. The structure is clear. In the opening paragraph, it introduces the topic of the Naadam Festival and the whole feeling. Then it introduces the items of the festival like the ceremony, wrestling and horse racing. Finally, it summarizes this experience. Because this part is a travel journal, we must guide students pay more attention to these details: 1. use the first person. 2. use the past tense to tell the past thing and use the present or future tense to describe the scenery. 3. use the timeline to tell the development. 4. be careful for the author’s psychology, emotion and feeling, etc.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information about Naadam Festival.2. Learn the structure of the reading article and language.3. Write an article about a festival experience4. Learn to use the psychology, emotions and feeling in the writing.1. Write an article about a festival experience.2. Use the structure of the reading article and language.
四.設(shè)計反思我在設(shè)計本課時,希望通過情境的創(chuàng)設(shè)充分再現(xiàn)歷史,并利用多媒體輔助教學(xué),破重點、化難點,讓學(xué)生主動參與到學(xué)習(xí)過程中,從而突破狹小的教室空間,讓學(xué)生真正做到感知歷史,立足現(xiàn)實,展望未來。自主,交流、合作、探究是課程改革中著力倡導(dǎo)的新型學(xué)習(xí)方式。課堂教學(xué)中如何開展小組合作的探究學(xué)習(xí)存在著很多困難,首先是課堂教學(xué)時間有限,如何體現(xiàn)面向全體,給每個學(xué)生以機會?再次,歷史問題的討論只能依托于史料才能使討論不淪為空談,課堂上通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)提供大量的史料(文字、圖片或其他),勢必不能有充分時間讓學(xué)生閱讀分析。如何解決這些問題呢?措施一:要形成較固定的歷史學(xué)習(xí)合作小組。選定一位同學(xué)擔(dān)任組長,負責(zé)協(xié)調(diào)措施二:要設(shè)置有利于學(xué)生探究的問題情境措施三:要把課堂教學(xué)與課外學(xué)習(xí)結(jié)合起來。在課前就印發(fā)相關(guān)的材料,或引導(dǎo)學(xué)生去查閱相關(guān)的資料,讓學(xué)生有個充分的閱讀、思考、交流的時間,是保證課堂上小組交流能成功實現(xiàn)的一個前提
一、說教材《別了,不列顛尼亞》是編排在人教版《普通高中課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)實驗教科書語文1(必修)》第四單元的課文,是精讀課文《短新聞兩篇》中的一篇,另一篇是《奧斯維辛沒有什么新聞》。這一單元的學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容是新聞和報告文學(xué),還有兩篇作品分別是中國報告文學(xué)三大里程碑之一的《包身工》和記錄中國航天事業(yè)輝煌發(fā)展的《飛向太空的航程》。在當(dāng)今信息大爆炸的時代,如何快速獲得信息,如何在新聞中解讀事件的真相,感悟生活的內(nèi)涵成為語文教學(xué)的又一重大任務(wù)。因此這一單元的編入便更多地具有了時代意義,體現(xiàn)了語文學(xué)科與日常生活的密切關(guān)系。不僅如此,新聞特寫和報告文學(xué)的選入,拓寬了學(xué)生對新聞類文章的了解,體現(xiàn)語文學(xué)科的工具性作用。在選文的過程中,新教材同時注重語文學(xué)科的人文性,四篇作品不僅傳遞著新鮮、真實的信息,同時更張顯人文性的厚度,他們以飽滿的情感,縱橫的歷史經(jīng)驗。
二、說學(xué)生本屆高一學(xué)生經(jīng)過了三年初中課改,在心理上,他們渴望表現(xiàn)的欲望和自主探究的欲望比較強烈,對有興趣的知識表現(xiàn)出高度地?zé)崆?,并具有一定的團結(jié)協(xié)作能力,但還是應(yīng)該正視一個并不樂觀的現(xiàn)實——在寫作方面,學(xué)生知識還停留在簡單的記敘及表達方式綜合運用上,至于巧妙構(gòu)思、謀篇布局很是空白。即便已經(jīng)經(jīng)過高中一個學(xué)期的學(xué)習(xí),但還是有大部分學(xué)生依然基礎(chǔ)較為薄弱,甚至出現(xiàn)不知從何下筆的現(xiàn)象。三、說教法與學(xué)法“老師搭臺,學(xué)生唱戲”1、教法:本課將安排兩課時(一課時學(xué)習(xí)一課時練筆),采用 PPT 多媒體課件教學(xué),嘗試用角色扮演法、圖片展示法和多媒體教學(xué)等方法,教學(xué)中應(yīng)該重視學(xué)生的參與性和探究性。2、學(xué)法:學(xué)生應(yīng)該充分利用多角度創(chuàng)設(shè)的學(xué)習(xí)情境來激發(fā)自身學(xué)習(xí)的興趣和熱情,分組討論,小組互助等形式讓學(xué)生積極自主參與、進行問題探究學(xué)習(xí)。理論依據(jù):建構(gòu)主義理論“學(xué)生是學(xué)習(xí)的中心”的闡釋,教師應(yīng)該做學(xué)生主動建構(gòu)意義的幫助者、促進者。
在學(xué)習(xí)語文經(jīng)驗交流會上,季老師舉著我的《采花釀蜜集》,對大家說:“人日積月累辛勤采擷,終于釀出了知識的瓊漿。大家都應(yīng)這樣,爭做知識的富戶?。 崩蠋熡悬c激動,低低地爬在鼻梁上的眼鏡突然滑了下來,正好落在那集子上。大家笑了,季老師也笑了。就這樣,我的寫作有了進步,好幾篇作文登上了班級《學(xué)作園地》。從此,我愛上了語文,更深深地愛上了季老師。高中升學(xué)考前那個星期天的夜晚,季老師舊病復(fù)發(fā),累倒了。半夜,老師們把他送進了公社衛(wèi)生院。第二天,同學(xué)們都悄悄去衛(wèi)生院看望。我去的時候,季老師正在掛滴流??墒?,下午季老師又出現(xiàn)在講臺上,他臉色憔悴,聲音沙啞……我手捧《采花釀蜜集》走近季老師,思緒的溪水從遠方流了回來?!凹纠蠋煛保野驯咀优踅o老師,深情地叫了聲。季老師接過本子,仔細翻閱著,臉上露出了笑容,像是聞到了郁郁芳香的蜜汁似的?!斑M步不小呀!”季老師說著,又在本子扉頁上題了
1)他們在初中的生物學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)中已具備了一定的關(guān)于光合作用的基礎(chǔ)知識,也做過“綠葉在光下制造淀粉”這個實驗。2)他們具備物質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)變和能量變化等相關(guān)的化學(xué)知識。3)在前面的《降低化學(xué)反應(yīng)活化能的酶》一節(jié)的學(xué)習(xí)中已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)過簡單的對照實驗和相關(guān)的實驗設(shè)計原則,使本節(jié)課最后的實驗設(shè)計得以順利進行。4)他們具有一定的 分析問題的能力,實施問題探究教學(xué)是可行的。三、教法和學(xué)法根據(jù)上述對教材和學(xué)生的分析,本節(jié)采用以下教法和學(xué)法:1)實驗法:以實驗說明結(jié)論。生物學(xué)的教學(xué)就是實驗的教學(xué)過程,實驗的展示形式有學(xué)生分組實驗、老師示范實驗、動畫和圖片演示實驗等,讓實驗現(xiàn)象說明問題,而不是直接讓學(xué)生記住結(jié)論。2)問題探究教學(xué)發(fā):以問題引發(fā)興趣。整個教學(xué)過程要設(shè)置好問題,層層展開,層層遞進,讓新知識與舊知識融為一個整體,讓學(xué)生在步步上升中攀登到知識的頂峰。3)比較學(xué)習(xí)法,同時采用多媒體輔助教學(xué),解決光合作用抽象的過程。