2、教學目的:根據(jù)《美術新課程標準》的精神和教材要求,結合四年級學生特點,本著激發(fā)學生學習興趣,發(fā)展學生的想象力,培養(yǎng)學生的創(chuàng)造能力和動手實踐能力,我確定本節(jié)課的教學目標為:①知識與技能:了解繪畫日記的結構特點,并能應用到實際生活當中。②過程與方法:通過聲音引發(fā)的“語、形、色”來描畫記憶,完成日記的內容。③情感、態(tài)度、價值觀:激發(fā)學生的形象思維,使學生認識生活中的真、善、美,提高學生的整體素質。
課堂上隨機給出鼓勵和肯定的語言更顯教師的親和力,營造出一個自由、民主的課堂教學氛圍。如:“你很棒”“說得太好了”“掌聲鼓勵”等等,聽似平淡無奇,但結合那時那景則顯得老師語言的樸實與自然,學生同老師間的默契與和諧。聽完朱老師執(zhí)教的《西風的話》一課,通過認真反思我真切認識到:一堂好課是否愉悅高效,就看教師是否真正用心的地去詮釋作品,真正用心地去備課。孫老師執(zhí)教的《西風的話》平實、淡雅,教師教態(tài)自然大氣,言談中充滿著激情,讓我們的心不自覺跟著一起走。我想不出什么華麗的詞藻來描述這堂課,但我卻深深地被吸引,這應該就是生命課堂的魅力所在吧。聽了孫老師執(zhí)教的《西風的話》后收獲很多,能于言表的也還沒有表達充分,但更多的是帶給我的觸動和對自己所教學科如何“高效愉悅”的思索。也希望憑借著“高效愉悅”課堂活動的深入開展,讓自己的美術課堂靈動起來,讓我們的課堂真正成為孩子們探求知識的樂園。
1.通過欣賞《DO RE Mi》的影片,調動學生的積極性,增強學生學習新歌的興趣。2.了解電影。任何一首歌曲都有著不一樣的故事,通過文字簡介,能夠幫助學生深入歌曲的學習,升華表演的情緒。然后通過聆聽歌曲《DO RE MI》,師范唱,生聽唱,師指導唱的形式來幫助學生繼續(xù)領略音樂的魅力。7.音樂游戲。不僅將學生分成七個小組跟琴演唱,還讓學生根據(jù)伴奏完成歌曲接龍,充分體現(xiàn)了學生在課堂中的主體性。8.拓展開發(fā)。通過了解柯爾文手勢,電影的背景資料和歌曲《孤獨的牧羊人》的欣賞,提高學生的能力。第二環(huán)節(jié)既是這節(jié)課的重點,也是難點,通過引導學生運用手勢音階和肢體語言來表演歌曲《DoReMi》,又通過小組合作的方式突破難點。最后小結,簡單地總結了同學們的表演讓所有人感受到音樂帶給我們的無窮樂趣,七個音樂字母構成了美妙的音樂,最后在美妙的音樂中結束了這節(jié)課!
1、視覺圖象法:少數(shù)民族的風土人情對我們漢族的孩子來說不那么了解。為了使他們更直接地了解到新疆柯爾克孜族人們的生活習慣,我運用電腦軟件制作了一些柯爾克孜族的風情畫面,給學生視聽結合,避免枯燥的說教形式,使本來抽象的 內容變得具體形象化。2、對比欣賞法:在了解這個民族的風土人情時,我運用畫面表格形式將新疆幾個民族的人物作對比,從而使學生更清楚的了解這個民族的風土人情、歌曲特點。在教學中我還運用了創(chuàng)設情景、興趣引入法、感性到理性等方法 。音樂家修海林認為“音樂審美必須要求體驗到音樂的意境”,在這一課,我充分運用了多媒體教學手段,盡量讓學生體驗到音樂的意境,從屏幕上看到新疆的風土人情關系,聽到新疆民歌不同的風格特點。
【總結講解】地球為生命物質的存在提供了三個最優(yōu)越的條件,這也是其它行星不具備的條件——(1)日地距離適中(1.496億km),使地表平均氣溫為15℃,有利于生命過程的發(fā)生和發(fā)展;地球上的溫度,還有利于水的液態(tài)存在。適合生物呼吸的大氣: (2) 地球的體積、質量適中,吸引大量氣體聚集在地球周圍,又經過漫長的演化,形成了以氮、氧為主的適合生物呼吸的大氣。(3)海洋的形成: 由于地球內部放射性元素衰變致熱和原始地球重力收縮及地球內部的物質運動等形成了原始大洋,地球最初的單細胞生命就出現(xiàn)在大洋中。(備注:此部分可以模擬演示或講解地球存在生命的溫度、大氣、水等條件;假設地球溫度過高或過低對地球生命的影響;引導學生分析地球大氣、溫度與地球水的關系)【板書】1、日地距離適中2、地球的體積、質量適中3、液態(tài)水的存在【啟發(fā)提問】 宇宙中是否只有地球上存在有生命物質?
一、教材分析在文化傳承的過程中,如果說文化傳播是文化橫向積累過程,那么文化繼承就是文化縱向積累的過程,第四課圍繞文化繼承與文化發(fā)展的關系,繼續(xù)講述文化傳承的過程。本框內容主要解析中華傳統(tǒng)文化在現(xiàn)實生活中的作用,闡述繼承傳統(tǒng)文化,發(fā)揮傳統(tǒng)文化的積極作用的正確態(tài)度是“取其精華,去其糟粕”。一、 教學目標1、知識目標通過介紹傳統(tǒng)習俗、傳統(tǒng)建筑、傳統(tǒng)文藝、傳統(tǒng)思想在現(xiàn)代社會生活各方面的延續(xù)及其影響,讓學生了解文化的繼承性。分析傳統(tǒng)文化的相對穩(wěn)定性和鮮明的民族性,解析中華民族傳統(tǒng)文化在現(xiàn)實生活中的作用,知道符合社會發(fā)展規(guī)律的傳統(tǒng)文化對社會與人的發(fā)展的積極作用,而一成不變的傳統(tǒng)文化則會起阻礙社會進步、妨害發(fā)展的消極作用。明確一個民族、一個國家只有發(fā)揮傳統(tǒng)文化的積極作用,克服傳統(tǒng)文化的消極作用,才能興旺發(fā)達的道理;闡述繼承傳統(tǒng)文化,發(fā)揮傳統(tǒng)文化的積極作用的正確態(tài)度是“取其精華,去其糟粕”。
一、教材分析《思想道德修養(yǎng)和科學文化修 養(yǎng)》是人教版高中政治必修一《文化生活》第十課第二框題的教學內容。主要學評析文化修養(yǎng)與思想道德修養(yǎng)的關系,說明青少年應該不斷地追求更高的思想道德目標。二、教學目標1、知識目標識記:思想道德修養(yǎng)和科學文化修養(yǎng)的含義。理解:思想道德修養(yǎng)和科學文化修養(yǎng)的內在聯(lián)系。分析:當代中國青年如何追求更高的思想道德目標。2、能力目標通過對“兩個修養(yǎng)”的學習,提高學生比較分析問題的能力。3、情感、態(tài)度、價值觀目標:通過本課的學習,增強當代中學生自覺提高自身全面素質的能力,不斷地追求更高的思想道德目標。三、教學重難點教學重點:理解思想道德修養(yǎng)和科學文化修養(yǎng)的內在聯(lián)系。教學難點:歸納如何追求更高的思想道德目標。四、學情分析通過上一框題的學習,學生從宏觀上把握了國家加強思想道德建設的相關內容,,本課將從微觀上即從個人的角度重點學習不斷提高思想道德修養(yǎng)和科學文化修養(yǎng)的原因及具體要求。本課內容離學生的距離較近,是學 生比較感興趣的。
高斯(Gauss,1777-1855),德國數(shù)學家,近代數(shù)學的奠基者之一. 他在天文學、大地測量學、磁學、光學等領域都做出過杰出貢獻. 問題1:為什么1+100=2+99=…=50+51呢?這是巧合嗎?試從數(shù)列角度給出解釋.高斯的算法:(1+100)+(2+99)+…+(50+51)= 101×50=5050高斯的算法實際上解決了求等差數(shù)列:1,2,3,…,n,"… " 前100項的和問題.等差數(shù)列中,下標和相等的兩項和相等.設 an=n,則 a1=1,a2=2,a3=3,…如果數(shù)列{an} 是等差數(shù)列,p,q,s,t∈N*,且 p+q=s+t,則 ap+aq=as+at 可得:a_1+a_100=a_2+a_99=?=a_50+a_51問題2: 你能用上述方法計算1+2+3+… +101嗎?問題3: 你能計算1+2+3+… +n嗎?需要對項數(shù)的奇偶進行分類討論.當n為偶數(shù)時, S_n=(1+n)+[(2+(n-1)]+?+[(n/2+(n/2-1)]=(1+n)+(1+n)…+(1+n)=n/2 (1+n) =(n(1+n))/2當n為奇數(shù)數(shù)時, n-1為偶數(shù)
我們知道數(shù)列是一種特殊的函數(shù),在函數(shù)的研究中,我們在理解了函數(shù)的一般概念,了解了函數(shù)變化規(guī)律的研究內容(如單調性,奇偶性等)后,通過研究基本初等函數(shù)不僅加深了對函數(shù)的理解,而且掌握了冪函數(shù),指數(shù)函數(shù),對數(shù)函數(shù),三角函數(shù)等非常有用的函數(shù)模型。類似地,在了解了數(shù)列的一般概念后,我們要研究一些具有特殊變化規(guī)律的數(shù)列,建立它們的通項公式和前n項和公式,并應用它們解決實際問題和數(shù)學問題,從中感受數(shù)學模型的現(xiàn)實意義與應用,下面,我們從一類取值規(guī)律比較簡單的數(shù)列入手。新知探究1.北京天壇圜丘壇,的地面有十板布置,最中間是圓形的天心石,圍繞天心石的是9圈扇環(huán)形的石板,從內到外各圈的示板數(shù)依次為9,18,27,36,45,54,63,72,81 ①2.S,M,L,XL,XXL,XXXL型號的女裝上對應的尺碼分別是38,40,42,44,46,48 ②3.測量某地垂直地面方向上海拔500米以下的大氣溫度,得到從距離地面20米起每升高100米處的大氣溫度(單位℃)依次為25,24,23,22,21 ③
二、典例解析例3.某公司購置了一臺價值為220萬元的設備,隨著設備在使用過程中老化,其價值會逐年減少.經驗表明,每經過一年其價值會減少d(d為正常數(shù))萬元.已知這臺設備的使用年限為10年,超過10年 ,它的價值將低于購進價值的5%,設備將報廢.請確定d的范圍.分析:該設備使用n年后的價值構成數(shù)列{an},由題意可知,an=an-1-d (n≥2). 即:an-an-1=-d.所以{an}為公差為-d的等差數(shù)列.10年之內(含10年),該設備的價值不小于(220×5%=)11萬元;10年后,該設備的價值需小于11萬元.利用{an}的通項公式列不等式求解.解:設使用n年后,這臺設備的價值為an萬元,則可得數(shù)列{an}.由已知條件,得an=an-1-d(n≥2).所以數(shù)列{an}是一個公差為-d的等差數(shù)列.因為a1=220-d,所以an=220-d+(n-1)(-d)=220-nd. 由題意,得a10≥11,a11<11. 即:{█("220-10d≥11" @"220-11d<11" )┤解得19<d≤20.9所以,d的求值范圍為19<d≤20.9
情景導學古語云:“勤學如春起之苗,不見其增,日有所長”如果對“春起之苗”每日用精密儀器度量,則每日的高度值按日期排在一起,可組成一個數(shù)列. 那么什么叫數(shù)列呢?二、問題探究1. 王芳從一歲到17歲,每年生日那天測量身高,將這些身高數(shù)據(jù)(單位:厘米)依次排成一列數(shù):75,87,96,103,110,116,120,128,138,145,153,158,160,162,163,165,168 ①記王芳第i歲的身高為 h_i ,那么h_1=75 , h_2=87, 〖"…" ,h〗_17=168.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)h_i中的i反映了身高按歲數(shù)從1到17的順序排列時的確定位置,即h_1=75 是排在第1位的數(shù),h_2=87是排在第2位的數(shù)〖"…" ,h〗_17 =168是排在第17位的數(shù),它們之間不能交換位置,所以①具有確定順序的一列數(shù)。2. 在兩河流域發(fā)掘的一塊泥板(編號K90,約生產于公元前7世紀)上,有一列依次表示一個月中從第1天到第15天,每天月亮可見部分的數(shù):5,10,20,40,80,96,112,128,144,160,176,192,208,224,240. ②
課前小測1.思考辨析(1)若Sn為等差數(shù)列{an}的前n項和,則數(shù)列Snn也是等差數(shù)列.( )(2)若a1>0,d<0,則等差數(shù)列中所有正項之和最大.( )(3)在等差數(shù)列中,Sn是其前n項和,則有S2n-1=(2n-1)an.( )[答案] (1)√ (2)√ (3)√2.在項數(shù)為2n+1的等差數(shù)列中,所有奇數(shù)項的和為165,所有偶數(shù)項的和為150,則n等于( )A.9 B.10 C.11 D.12B [∵S奇S偶=n+1n,∴165150=n+1n.∴n=10.故選B項.]3.等差數(shù)列{an}中,S2=4,S4=9,則S6=________.15 [由S2,S4-S2,S6-S4成等差數(shù)列得2(S4-S2)=S2+(S6-S4)解得S6=15.]4.已知數(shù)列{an}的通項公式是an=2n-48,則Sn取得最小值時,n為________.23或24 [由an≤0即2n-48≤0得n≤24.∴所有負項的和最小,即n=23或24.]二、典例解析例8.某校新建一個報告廳,要求容納800個座位,報告廳共有20排座位,從第2排起后一排都比前一排多兩個座位. 問第1排應安排多少個座位?分析:將第1排到第20排的座位數(shù)依次排成一列,構成數(shù)列{an} ,設數(shù)列{an} 的前n項和為S_n。
◇探究提示:我們可以通過人際交往,閱讀報紙、雜志、書籍等,欣賞電視、上網查詢、發(fā)送手機短信、閱讀電子讀物等方式來搜集資料。其特點為:人際傳播是社會生活中最直觀、最常見、最豐富的傳播現(xiàn)象,具有傳播渠道多、方法靈活、意義豐富、反饋及時的特點。報紙、雜志、書籍等,可以通過掃描、編排處理后,顯示在互聯(lián)網上,供廣大讀者使用。電視提供了動態(tài)畫面和繽紛的色彩,使人們對信息的理解變得更生動、形象和真實?;ヂ?lián)網具有傳播同網、全球同時、受眾主動、雙向互動的特點。手機短信用精練的語言傳達豐富多彩的內容,不僅具有娛樂性,還具有情感性、藝術性耙哲理性,讓人回味無窮。電子讀物實現(xiàn)了文字、圖像、聲音的完關結合,使人在看圖閱文的同時可以聽音樂、寫文章、做筆記、復制文件等等。
◇探究提示:(1)孔子思想體系的核心是“仁’’和“禮”,其主要內容是“仁者愛人”和“克己復禮”??鬃犹岢觥叭省钡膶W說,要求統(tǒng)治者體察民情,反對苛政和任意刑殺;提倡廣泛地理解、體貼他人,以此調整人際關系,穩(wěn)定社會秩序??鬃又v的“克己復禮”,是說做人要克制自己,使自己的行為符合‘‘禮’’的要求。(2)老子認為“道”是凌駕于天之上的天地萬物的本原,他提出‘‘天法道,道法自然”的思想。老子從“天道自然無為”的思想出發(fā),倡導政治上“無為而治”,以“無事取天下”。老子哲學中包含著豐富的辯證法思想,他指出,任何事物都有矛盾、對立的兩個方面,矛盾雙方可以相互轉化。(3)墨子主張“兼愛”“非攻”,“兼愛”就是無等差的愛,無論任何人,都不分輕重厚??;“非攻”就是反對不義的兼并戰(zhàn)爭,主張各國和平相處。(4)韓非子崇尚法,強調法的重要性,主張法、術、勢相結合,建立一個君主專制的中央集權國家,要求人人必須遵守法;韓非子還認為社會不斷發(fā)展變化,歷史永遠不會倒退,主張變法革新。
(三)、中華之瑰寶.民族之驕傲1.我國各具特色的民族文化異彩紛呈.都為中華文化的形成和發(fā)展做出了重要貢獻(1)我國的雕刎建筑藝術是各族人民共同創(chuàng)造的,都是中華文化的瑰寶。例如:敦煌石窟、云岡石窟;克孜爾千佛洞等,是古代的漢族、鮮卑以及西域各族的藝術家和勞動人民共同創(chuàng)造的。(2)許多少數(shù)民族用自己的語言文字創(chuàng)造了優(yōu)秀的民族文學。例如:藏族的《格薩爾王傳》、蒙古族的《江格爾》和柯爾克孜族的《瑪納斯》被并為三大英雄史詩。◇注意:民族文化深深地體現(xiàn)著各民族的風俗和精神面貌,通過一定的物質展現(xiàn),可以表現(xiàn)在建筑、民族文學、舞蹈、習俗、信仰、衣著等方方面面?!簏c撥:“相關鏈接”中提到的《江格爾)是蒙古族衛(wèi)拉特郝英雄史詩。史詩的篇幸結構、故事情節(jié)、語言風格等具有蒙古族說唱藝術的特點。從民族文學角度反映了本民族的文化生活.同時也為中華文化增添了絢麗色彩?!笳n堂探究:(1)你還知道哪蝗少數(shù)民族舞蹈?它們務有什么特點?
1、追求更高的思想道德目標的要求(1)在遵守公民基本道德規(guī)范的基礎上,追求更高的思想道德目標,是一個不斷改造主觀世界的長期過程。積極的、健康的、進步的思想道德,總是舊消極的、有害的、落后的思想道德相比較而存存、相斗爭而發(fā)展的。只有形成正確的世界觀、人生觀、價值觀,真正劃清唯物論與唯心論的界限,社會主義心想與封建主義、資本主義腐朽思想的界限,科學與迷信的界限,文明與愚昧的界限、才能切實增強識別和抵制各種錯誤思潮的能力,為此,必須努力學習馬克思主義的科學理論,堅定建沒小聞特色社會主義共同理想,逐步樹立共產主義遠大理想?!簏c撥:“專家點評”說明了共同理想與最高理想的關系。(1)共同理想和最高理想的區(qū)別:含義不同。根據(jù)馬克思主義的科學預見,共產主義社會將是物質財富極大豐富、人民精神境界極大提高,每個人自由而全面發(fā)展的社會。
The themes of this part are “Talk about how to become an astronaut” and “Talk about life in space”. As Neil Armstrong said “Mystery creates wonder and wonder is the basis of man’s desire to understand. Space is difficult for human to reach, therefore, humans are full of wonders about it. However, if wanting to achieve the dream of reaching the Moon, some of our human should work hard to be an astronaut at first. Part A(Talk about how to become an astronaut) is a radio interview in a radio studio, where the host asked the Chinese astronauts about his story how to become an astronaut. Yang Liwei told his dreamed to be an astronaut since childhood. Then he worked hard to get into college at 22. The next 10 years, he gradually became an experienced pilot. At the same time, to be an astronaut, he had to study hard English, science and astronomy and trained hard to keep in good physical and mental health and to practise using space equipment. Part B (Talk about life in space) is also an interview with the astronaut Brown, who is back on the earth. The host Max asked about his space life, such as his emotion about going back the earth, the eating, shower, brushing, hobbies and his work. Part A and Part B are interviews. So expressing curiosity about the guests’ past life is a communicative skill, which students should be guided to learn.1. Students can get detailed information about how Yang Liwei became an astronaut and Max’s space life.2. Students learn to proper listening strategy to get detailed information---listening for numbers and taking notes.3. Students can learn related sentences or phrases to express their curiosity like “ I wish to know...” “I’d love to know...”4. Students can learn more about the space and astronauts, even be interested in working hard to be an astronaut
4.That was an experience that frightened everyone. →That was _____________________. 答案:1. taking 2. being discussed 3. in the reading room 4. a frightening experienceStep 6 The meaning and function of V-ing as the predicative動詞-ing形式作表語,它通常位于系動詞后面,用以說明主語“是什么”或“怎么樣”一種表示主語的特質、特征和狀態(tài), 其作用相當于形容詞; 另一種具體說明主語的內容, 即主語等同于表語, 兩者可互換。The music they are playing sounds so exciting. 他們演奏的音樂聽起來令人激動。The result is disappointing. 結果令人失望。Our job is playing all kinds of music. 我們的工作就是演奏各種音樂。Seeing is believing. 眼見為實。Step 7 Practice1. It is ________(amaze) that the boy is able to solve the problem so quickly.2. Buying a car is simply _______(waste) money. 3. Please stop making the noise—it’s getting ________(annoy). 4. complete the passage with the appropriate -ing form.La Tomatina is a festival that takes place in the Spanish town Bunol every August. I think many food festivals are __________ because people are just eating. however, this festival is _________ because people don't actually eat the tomatoes. Instead, they throw them at each other! the number of people ________ part in this tomato fight, can reach up to 20,000, and it is a very __________ fight that lasts for a whole hour. The _______ thing is how clean Bunol is after the tomatoes are washed away after the fight. this is because the juice form tomatoes is really good for making surfaces clean!答案:1. amazing 2. wasting 3. annoying4. boring interesting taking exciting amazing
The topic of this part is “Discover the reasons for festivals and celebrations.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at talking about the experiences and feelings or emotions about the festivals and celebrations. This section aims at detecting the reason why the people celebrate the festivals, the time, the places, the types and the way of celebrations. It also explains why some traditions in the old celebrations are disappearing, like the firecrackers in the big cities and some new things are appearing like the prosperity of business or commerce. 1. Students can talk about what festivals they know and the reasons and the way of celebrating them.2. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.3. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them. 4. Students can have the international awareness about the festivals.1. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.2. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat festival do you like best ? Why ?I like the Spring Festivals because I can set off the fireworks, receive the lucky money and enjoy the Gala with my families.Step 2 Before reading---Pair workWhy do people celebrate different festivals ?The Spring Festivals is to celebrate the end of winter and the coming of spring and new life.The Mid-autumn Day is to celebrate the harvest and admire the moon.
The theme of this section is “Talk about festival activities and festival experiences”.Festival and holiday is a relaxing and interesting topic for students. This part talks about the topic from the daily life of students’. In the part A ---Listening and Speaking, there are three conversations among different speakers from three countries(Japan, Rio and China), where the speakers are participating in or going to participate in the festivals and celebrations. So listening for the relationship among them is a fundamental task. Actually, with the globalization and more international communication, it is normal for Chinese or foreigners to witness different festivals and celebrations in or out of China. In the Conversation 1, a foreign reporter is interviewing a Japanese young girl who just had participated in the ceremony of the Coming-of-Age Day on the street and asking her feeling about the ceremony and the afterwards activities. Conversation 2, Chinese girl Li Mei is witnessing the Rio Carnival for the first time, and her friend Carla gives her some advice on the costumes which enables her to match with the carnival to have a good time. Conversation 3, a Chinese guide is showing a group of foreign visitors around the Lantern Festival and introducing the customs of the festival to them. The three conversations have a strong vitality and insert the festival and cultural elements from different countries. So perceiving the festivals and cultures from different countries is the second task. At the same time, the scripts also insert the targeted grammar --- v-ing as attributive and predicative, which students can perceive and experience in a real context and make a road for the further study. That is the third task. In the Part B--- Listening and Talking, the theme is “Talk about festival experience”, which is the common topic in our daily conversations. During the conversation, Song Lin, a Chinese student, asked Canadian friend Max about how to spend Christmas. In the conversation, Song Lin talked about experience and the feelings during the Chinese Spring Festival, during which there are not only some enjoyable things but some unpleasant things. After the listening, perhaps students find there are some similarities between Christmas and the Chinese Spring Festival as there are some differences in the origins and celebrations. For example, people always visit friends and relatives, decorate their houses, have a big dinner together, chat and give presents to each other.
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