1.富貴不能淫,貧賤不能移,威武不能屈。此之謂大丈夫。(孟子)2.生命誠可貴,愛情價更高。若為自由故,二者皆可拋。(裴多菲)3.人生自古誰無死,留取丹心照汗青。(文天祥)預設 義的價值高于生命,人應該有舍生取義的精神,這一觀點在“上下交征利”的戰(zhàn)國時代有積極作用,對后世知識分子的精神修養(yǎng)也有相當?shù)挠绊?。如蘇武、岳飛、鄧世昌、朱自清、聞一多等。隨著時代的發(fā)展,“義”的內涵發(fā)生了變化。我們現(xiàn)在所說的“義”是指社會正義,“利”指一己之私利,當面對這兩者難全的時候,我們應該堅持社會正義。結束語:孟子提倡的“舍生取義”和孔子提倡的“殺身成仁”,一起成為儒家道德的最高標準,同時也激勵著歷代仁人志士為祖國貢獻出最大的力量。孟子由口腹之欲推衍到道德之美的獨特論證方法,化抽象為形象,便于理解,令人深思,我們在以后的寫作過程中,可以借鑒這種手法。
預設 大困難是由小困難組成的,小困難是不難戰(zhàn)勝的,一步一步戰(zhàn)勝了小困難,最后就能戰(zhàn)勝大的困難。當然,重要的還在于走好每一步,一步一步堅持不懈地走下去。在人生道路上,面對困難,“走一步,再走一步”這種人生經驗,給人以戰(zhàn)勝一切艱難險阻的信心。結束語:古語說得好,“寶劍鋒從磨礪出,梅花香自苦寒來”。人的一生少不了經受挫折與磨難,但也正是在戰(zhàn)勝困難的經歷中,我們的人生才變得充實而有意義。當我們面對困難時,鼓起勇氣,大聲地對自己說:“走一步,再走一步?!薄驹O計意圖】本環(huán)節(jié)巧妙運用課文批注,引發(fā)學生思考,并引導學生結合自己的生活體驗,從幾個角度,開放性探討獲得的人生啟示,讓學生在輕松的氛圍中,獲得啟示,啟迪他們在生活中去運用這些人生經驗,戰(zhàn)勝困難。
整體感知 齊誦詩歌,說說這首詩歌緊扣“土地”,作了哪些形象性的描述。 【交流點撥】點出土地情結。起始兩句,詩人對土地的熱愛,已到了不知道如何傾訴的地步,于是他舍棄人的思維語言而借用鳥的簡單樸素的語言傾瀉他的感情?!八粏 钡母杪曊苁惆l(fā)作者對土地的義無反顧的眷戀和執(zhí)著,于是土地情結的激越歌聲由此響起?! A吐土地情結?!氨槐╋L雨所打擊著的土地”“悲憤的河流”“激怒的風”“無比溫柔的黎明”是作者所歌唱的對象,詩人沒有沉溺于對“溫柔”恬靜的“黎明”的欣賞中,為了讓自己的愛永遠留給土地,他做出了莊嚴鄭重的選擇。 升華土地情結。一問一答,詩人由借鳥抒情轉入直抒胸臆。太“深沉”太強烈的土地情結,已使人難以訴諸語言,只能凝成晶瑩的淚水?!吧畛痢币辉~也許達不到與實際感情相適應的強度,于是其后緊跟著沉重的省略號。省略號中似乎涌動著潛流地火一般的激情,更為沉重地叩擊著讀者的心房,激起讀者持續(xù)的共鳴。
【主題目標】1、培養(yǎng)良好的生活習慣、衛(wèi)生習慣和參加體育活動的興趣。”2、充分挖掘各種現(xiàn)有的或潛在的教育資源,配合幼兒,為教育教學的順利開展起到了很好的促進、整合作用。3、喜歡參加體育活動,動作協(xié)調、靈活,能與同伴協(xié)商共同完成目標與任務。4、利用圖書、圖片、網絡進行提問、查找、調查、歸納,注意運動安全,有初步保護自己的意識,知道自我保護的簡單方法?!净顒訙蕚洹客ㄟ^談話了解幼兒喜歡的各種體育項目,根據需要從網上、圖書里細致了解有關運動的各種名稱與玩法,并充分發(fā)揮家長、社區(qū)資源。在家長方面,我們根據幼兒園家長情況,采用幼兒寫信的方法,將我們活動的設想與要求,用孩子的話來告訴他們,讓他們能全面地了解并支持我們活動的開展?!净顒舆^程】1、教師通過談話,了解幼兒最喜歡的體育運動。幼兒:我喜歡踢足球。幼兒:我喜歡跑步。
目標導學四:賞析作品,把握詩歌藝術特色1.這首詩在結構上共分兩節(jié),請簡要說說兩節(jié)詩歌各有什么特點及它們之間的內在聯(lián)系。明確:詩的第一節(jié)是從虛擬的視角,即從鳥兒的視角去想象,去表現(xiàn)鳥兒對土地的忠誠與摯愛,顯得形象含蓄;第二節(jié)卻換成實寫的視角,即從作者自我的視角去實寫自己“常含淚水的眼睛”,傾訴自己對土地的“深沉”之愛,是直抒胸臆。這樣,虛境和實境的結合與對應,構筑了全詩內在完整的藝術空間;結果與原因的關聯(lián)與對照,又構成了支撐全詩的內在邏輯結構。此外,從手法特點上看,第一節(jié)用的是比,是想象的境界;第二節(jié)則是直抒胸臆的寫實。全詩由前面蒙太奇鏡頭式的畫面暗示轉到了后面作者的直接指點,以一個強有力的情感抒發(fā)結束了全篇,從而把注意力引到一個濃郁的情感氛圍中,再一次感受到作者對土地的忠貞與摯愛。
明確:提出“生與義不可得兼,舍生而取義者也”的論點后,首先從正面指出人之所以能“舍生取義”,是因為人皆有“欲生不為茍得,惡死有所不辟”的思想。然后再從反面說明,如果人只是欲生惡死,那么什么事都可以做得出來;可是事實上,“義”超過了“生”,所以人能夠不貪生,不避死。這種羞惡之心,人人皆有,賢者更能保持而不喪失。接著舉例說明,以乞人不受不義之食為例,從正面論證“舍生取義”是人之共性。以萬鐘雖好也不能受為例,從反面強調了舍義取利是喪失本心。隨后用一組排比句,對不辯禮義而貪求富貴的行為加以批判,并以“此之謂失其本心”收束全文,照應開頭。3.列舉本文主要的論證方法,并說明其作用。明確:(1)比喻論證。用比喻論證引出論點。以生活常理為喻引出生與義無法兼顧的情況下應該舍生而取義的結論(主旨)。
這一句議論,呼應前文的記敘——母親教“我”生產的知識,同情革命、支持革命,讓“我”養(yǎng)成革命的意志。這些都是“我”感謝母親的重要原因?!澳赣H是一個平凡的人,她只是中國千百萬勞動人民中的一員,但是,正是這千百萬人創(chuàng)造了和創(chuàng)造著中國的歷史?!蹦赣H勤苦一生,任勞任怨,反抗地主豪紳的欺壓,堅強不屈,母親就是一位普普通通的農婦,她是“平凡的”,但正是像母親這樣的千百萬勞動人民,融匯成革命的洪流,推動著歷史的發(fā)展,為我們的民族做出了不可磨滅的貢獻,中國的現(xiàn)在、未來都將是勞動人民的。這句議論,將對母親的深情與對民族、對廣大勞動人民的深情融匯在一起。
分析:“襤褸”一詞是對于勒的外貌描寫,點明他生活的貧困,處境的艱難。②他又老又臟,滿臉皺紋,眼光始終不離開他手里的活兒。分析:再次描寫于勒的外貌,充分說明他歷盡磨難,飽經滄桑,窮困潦倒。③我看了看他的手,那是一只滿是皺紋的水手的手。我又看了看他的臉,那是一張又老又窮苦的臉,滿臉愁容,狼狽不堪。分析:第三次描寫于勒的外貌,準確地表現(xiàn)出他此時的窮困潦倒,暗示他不幸的遭遇,竭力渲染他的悲慘境地。2.本文通過神態(tài)、語言、動作描寫揭示人物心理活動,刻畫人物性格,找出這些句子來進行分析。明確:菲利普認出賣牡蠣的窮水手就是于勒時,“突然好像不安起來”,這是心理驟然緊張所致;“他向旁邊走了幾步”,是想躲開于勒的目光,怕于勒認出自己來;“瞪著眼”看女兒、女婿,是怕他們察覺出這個秘密。這一系列神態(tài)、動作描寫,層次分明地寫出了人物緊張、恐慌以至失魂落魄的心理狀態(tài)。
【教學提示】題目的設計意圖是要培養(yǎng)同學們患難與共的愛心,克服困難的勇氣和決心。目標導學二:分析環(huán)境和心理描寫1.文章開頭為什么突出“酷熱”?明確:開頭一自然段主要寫孩子們?yōu)槭裁聪氲饺ヅ缿已?。寫天氣的酷熱,通過環(huán)境描寫,突出了人物的心理,即酷熱使人煩躁,小伙伴就厭倦了正在玩的游戲,從而想到很久沒有爬懸崖。2.“時間在慢慢地過去。影子在慢慢拉長,太陽已經沒在西邊低矮的樹梢下,夜幕開始降臨。”“暮色中,第一顆星星出現(xiàn)在天空中,懸崖下面的地面開始變得模糊?!边@兩句話是什么描寫?請簡要分析其作用。明確:這是典型的環(huán)境描寫,很好地烘托了“我”的恐懼心理。3.當“我”被棄于懸崖時,“我”的心理狀態(tài)是怎樣的?請從文中找出描寫“我”處于險境中的心理狀態(tài)的詞句。明確:“我”的心理狀態(tài)是恐懼。詞語:陣陣暈眩、天旋地轉、神情恍惚。句子:“我聽見有人在哭泣、呻吟;我想知道那是誰,最后才意識到那就是我?!薄拔遗吭趲r石上,神情恍惚,害怕和疲勞已經讓我麻木?!?/p>
1、書中還有許多描寫旺達的片段,哪一處給你留下了深刻的印象呢?請同座位互相交流。全班交流。老師也想和大家一起分享一點感受。老師讀第13頁片段,并談感受。課件出示:孤單,被嘲笑者2、你有過被人嘲笑的經歷嗎?談一談。旺達是怎樣面對同學們的嘲笑?3、轉學之后,十三班的同學們收到了她爸爸的來信。誰愿意讀讀這封信?圣誕節(jié)來臨之際,旺達也寫來一封信。學生讀。讀完這兩封信,大家肯定感慨萬千,一定有很多話想說吧?全班交流課件出示:善良 寬容
The theme of the reading and thinking is about “Understanding how a problem was solved”.The Listening & Speaking & Talking is about international co-work to protect the Mount Tai, in which the students from seven countries came up with many solutions even create the Mount Tai App. This section aims at showing how to solve a difficult and even tough problem about protecting the cultural heritage by the international co-work. So in this section, cultivating students’ international awareness is very clear and important. Concretely, with the economic development, how to balance the protection of cultural relics and social development is a big challenge for human. In the 1950s, the Egyptian government wanted to build the Aswan Dam across the Nile to control floods, produce electricity and water farms. But the proposal led to protests because it would destroy a lot of cultural relics. The Egyptian had no choice but ask the UN for help. Therefore, a international cooperation about how to protect the cultural relics began, which involved the time length about 20 years and a large amount of fund. Then, the problems was solved. 1. Read quickly to get the main idea and the structure of the article; read careful to get detailed information.2. Learn to use the reading strategy---making a timeline3. Learn how to solve a tough problem by asking for help and cooperation4. Have the international awareness and understand the great strength of international cooperation.1. Read quickly to get the main idea and the structure of the article; read careful to get detailed information.2. Learn to use the reading strategy---making a timeline.3. Learn how to solve a tough problem by asking for help and cooperation.
The listening and speaking part aims at how to protect and help endangered animals by listening, speaking and talking about the facts and reasons. This lesson analyzes the decreasing clause of Tibetan antelope population and the measures of protecting Tibetan antelopes. So students can be guided to learn to analyse the title and use different reading skills or strategies, like scanning, skimming and careful reading.1. Read quickly to get the main ideas and the purpose of going to Tibetan; read carefully to understand what the author see and think.2. Understand the sentences of the present continuous passive voice such as “Much is being done to protect wildlife.” and the inverted sentence “Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.”3. Enhance the awareness of protecting wildlife.4. Cultivate the reading methods according to different materials.1. Read quickly to get the main ideas and the purpose of going to Tibetan; read carefully to understand what the author see and think.2. Understand the sentences of the present continuous passive voice such as “Much is being done to protect wildlife.” and the inverted sentence “Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.”3. Cultivate the reading methods according to different materials.Step 1 Leading-inWatch a video about elephants and whales and then ask:Why are they endangered ? They are killed/hunted
1. 標題首先根據海報的特點、格式寫明標題。海報中往往把內容作為大標題。例如: Save the earth, Save the birds。2. 正文部分不同的海報其正文部分的側重點不同。對于介紹性的海報, 首先要引出話題, 其次列出原因, 最后是總結。對于宣傳類的海報, 要寫明具體內容, 如: 活動內容, 地點以及參加活動的注意事項, 主持或舉辦單位等。1. 圖片: 要選擇引人注目的圖片, 與主題要相關, 色彩明亮。話題句式 1. It is a treasure of our country. 它是我國的國寶。2. Believe it or not, at present only several thousand pandas exist in the world. 信不信由你, 目前世界上僅現(xiàn)存幾千只熊貓。 3.It’s because of human activities that tigers are endangered. 正是因為人類的活動, 老虎處于瀕危的狀態(tài)。4. Many wild animals are in danger of dying out. 很多野生動物面臨著滅絕的危險。 5. The government has taken effective measures to protect them. 政府已采取有效的措施來保護它們。6. People should raise the awareness of the protection of wild animals. 人們應該提高保護野生動物的意識。 7. It’s amazing that there are merely less than 1, 000 finless porpoises living in China. 非常令人吃驚, 目前中國僅有不足1 000只江豚。
Step 5 Practice一、完成下列句子。1. Judy and I _______________(把車停下來(park))in an underground car Park near Trafalgar Square, where we could ______________________(讓我們的車充電(charge)).2. When we finally reached the service desk to ask for audio guides, we heard it ___________ that there were no audio guides____________(留下,剩下).3. We__________________________(發(fā)現(xiàn)自己對...很驚訝)the large number of visitors and the amount of noise at the entrance of the National Gallery.4. Judy ____________________(眼神專注于) Van Gogh’s Sunflowers. It was hard to approach the painting as there were so many people around.5. She ____________________(把這幅畫的復制品裝箱(box)) to ensure that it was delivered safely.答案:1.had our car parked get our car battery charged 2. announced left 3. found ourselves very surprised 4. had her eyes fixed on 5. had a copy of the painting boxed二、用過去分詞對下列句子進行改寫。1. Loch Ness was surrounded by beautiful natural landscape, which made it look amazing.2. Carl and his friend stayed with a generous family who offered them bread with butter and honey that was homemade.3. The family’s ancestors once attended to soldiers who were wounded in the First World War.4. The young people were attracted by the legend of Loch Ness. They watched over the lake with their cameras and binoculars, which were positioned on the hill.答案:1. Loch Ness surrounded by beautiful natural landscape looks amazing.2. Carl and his friends stayed with a generous family who offered them homemade bread with butter and honey.3. The family’s ancestors once attended to wounded soldiers in the First World War.4. The young people attracted by the legend of Loch Ness watched over the lake with their cameras and binoculars positioned on the hill.
Features of languages1.Finally, in the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK, which resulted in the full name we have today: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.該句是一個復合句。該句主句為:the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK;which resulted in the full name we have today為which引導的定語從句代指前面整句話的內容,we have today為定語從句修飾先行詞name。譯文:最后,在20世紀,愛爾蘭南部脫離英國,這導致了我們今天有的英國的全名:大不列顛及北愛爾蘭聯(lián)合王國。2.Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history.該句是一個復合句。該句主句為:you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people;其中Almost everywhere you go in the UK為讓步狀語從句; who took over at different times throughout history為定語從句修飾先行詞people。譯文:幾乎無論你走到英國的任何地方,你都會發(fā)現(xiàn)歷史上有四種不同的人在不同的時期統(tǒng)治過英國。3.The capital city London is a great place to start, as it is an ancient port city that has a history dating all the way back to Roman times.該句是一個復合句。該句主句為:The capital city London is a great place to start; as it is an ancient port city that has a history dating all the way back to Roman times.為原因狀語從句;dating all the way back to Roman times為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語修飾history。
This section focuses on "learning about experiencing music Online". This virtual choir is a new form of music performance. Members from all over the world don't need to love to come to a place. Instead, they use the new technology to model the various parts and wonderful virtual harmony group of music in the family. Students need to understand the main meaning of each paragraph. Finding topic sentences is an important way to understand the general idea of a paragraph. After the topic sentence, it is usually the detail sentence that supports and explains the topic sentence. Some paragraphs have obvious subject sentences, for example, the first sentence of the second paragraph is the subject sentence of the paragraph, and the following sentenceStudents need to pay attention to the topic sentences and key sentences, and then pay attention to how the sentences after the meaning explain, explain and support the topic sentences or key sentences before.1.Guide students to learn about experiencing music online2.Guide students to scan and circle the information in the text.3.Guide students to find the numbers and dates to fill in the timeline.4.Guide students to learn more about music by completing the sentences with the correct forms of the words and phrases. And then make a mind map about the outline of the passage.1. Guide students to pay attention to reading strategies, such as prediction, self-questioning and scanning.2. Help students sort out the main meaning of each paragraph and understand the narrative characteristics of "timeline” in illustrative style.3. Lead students to understand the changes that have been caused by the Internet.
二、為什么要學習?(插入學習歌)有一首歌這樣唱:中國有一句話,活到老,學到老,該學的真不少,書里書外都重要。(多媒體)古人荀子有言:不積跬步,無以至千里;不積小流,無以成江海。偉人毛澤東說:一天不學習,趕不上劉少奇今人說終身學習,學習能增進智慧,使人睿智。人生無坦途,跋涉多風雨,畏懼時,智慧是一柄利劍,助你披荊斬棘,笑傲人生;迷茫時,智慧是一盞明燈,為你點亮心靈,堅定方向;疲乏時,智慧是一彎山泉,讓你洗去塵埃,凈化心靈。
十、教學后記:這是我實習中上的第一堂課,由于沒有經驗,對時間的把握不好,課堂前半部分留給學生思考回答問題的時間太多了,以至于沒有完成本課時的教學內容,對《箜篌引》、《桃花扇》、《聞官軍收河南河北》內容的補充要留到下節(jié)課才能完成。但課堂過程中以討論和結果發(fā)布會的形式非常能調動學生的學習積極性,這節(jié)課學生的參與度很高,絕大部分的同學都能積極思考,并敢于回答問題。但是在學生回答問題后,有些答案很好,也是我沒有思考到的。但是除了簡單的表揚鼓勵外,我不善于把學生的思考結果與自己的板書設計結合起來,授課過程中比較拘泥于教案,顯得不夠靈活。總的來說,這節(jié)課的優(yōu)點是教態(tài)自然、大方,聲音清晰洪亮,能調動學生學習的積極性,不足在于時間掌握不好,拘泥于教案。
教材分析改革開放后我國的綜合國力不斷增強,人民對祖國統(tǒng)一的愿望越來越迫切。本節(jié)課以“一國兩制”構想的提出,香港、澳門的回歸和海峽兩岸關系的發(fā)展為中心,說明實現(xiàn)祖國統(tǒng)一,完成中華民族復興是歷史發(fā)展的必然。第一目“‘一國兩制’構想的提出”主要講述了“一國兩制”的含義及歷史意義。第二目“香港、澳門的回歸”著重講述了香港回歸、澳門回歸的經過及歷史意義,這是“一國兩制”成功的實踐。第三目“海峽兩岸關系的發(fā)展”講述了大陸注重發(fā)展與臺灣的關系,促進海峽兩岸的經濟文化交流與合作,打破了幾十年來海峽兩岸的隔絕狀態(tài),促進了祖國統(tǒng)一的進程。此外,教材還通過“資料回放”“歷史縱橫”“學思之窗”等欄目,為學生學習提供了一些詳細的史料。在教學中要分析圖表資料,引導學生理解完成祖國統(tǒng)一大業(yè),實現(xiàn)中華民族的復興,是任何人也阻擋不了的歷史潮流。
1、外匯與外幣的關系:(1)外匯包括外幣,但外匯不等于就是外幣。外幣是指外國的貨幣,包括外國的紙幣、鑄幣;外匯通常是以外國貨幣表示的用于國際間結算的支付手段,具體包括外幣、外幣有價證券、外幣支付憑證等。(2)外幣屬于外匯的范圍,但不能把二者等同起來。通常情況下,只有可以自由兌換的外幣才是外匯,因為外匯的實質是國際支付手段,如果某種貨幣不能自由兌換,它就不能成為國際支付手段。外匯執(zhí)行的 主要是貨幣的支付手段的職能。(3)持有外匯意味著對外匯發(fā)行國擁有債權。持有外匯過多,一方面意味著國際支付能力強和有可能對外匯發(fā)行國施加影響;另一方面則意味著大量該由本國享受的資源,被借給外國利用,并要承擔外匯貶值的風險。2、關于幣值變化的分析:(1)對貨幣升值的具體分析:一個國家的貨幣升值(上?。┖?,同量的這種貨幣能比以前換 取更多的他國貨幣,買到更多的他國商品。