教師:同學(xué)們想一想,這樣繳稅有什么好處呢?(可以避免對(duì)一個(gè)經(jīng)營(yíng)額重復(fù)征稅,防止前一環(huán)節(jié)企業(yè)偷漏稅,有利于促進(jìn)生產(chǎn)的專(zhuān)業(yè)化和體現(xiàn)公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng),有利于財(cái)政收入穩(wěn)定增長(zhǎng)。)2.個(gè)人所得稅個(gè)人所得稅是國(guó)家對(duì)個(gè)人所得征收的稅收。納稅人是在我國(guó)境內(nèi)居住滿(mǎn)一年,從我國(guó)境內(nèi)外取得所得的個(gè)人,以及不在我國(guó)境內(nèi)居住和居住不滿(mǎn)一年,而從我國(guó)境內(nèi)取得所得的個(gè)人。請(qǐng)大家看教材“相關(guān)鏈接”及有關(guān)圖表,了解個(gè)人所得稅有關(guān)征稅項(xiàng)目、發(fā)展情況和計(jì)稅辦法。教師總結(jié):近二十多年來(lái),我國(guó)個(gè)人所得稅的征收發(fā)展迅速,這也反映了我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)水平、人民生活收入有了較大提 高。與增值稅的計(jì)稅方法不同,個(gè)人所得稅采用超額累進(jìn)稅率的計(jì)稅辦法,就是個(gè)人所得越高,稅率越高,納稅人個(gè)人收入越多,繳納個(gè)人所得稅越多。教師點(diǎn)撥:個(gè)人所得稅的計(jì)算 辦法是分段計(jì)算的,個(gè)人收入1600元以?xún)?nèi)不計(jì)稅,多余1600元以上部分,按不同稅率分段計(jì)稅。請(qǐng)同學(xué)們計(jì)算教材所列題目。
(四)反思總結(jié),當(dāng)堂檢測(cè)。本節(jié)內(nèi)容講述了價(jià)格變動(dòng)對(duì)人們生活、生產(chǎn)的影響作用,主要知識(shí)框架如下:(1)、價(jià)格變動(dòng)會(huì)影響人們的消費(fèi)需求,商品價(jià)格上漲,人需求就減少,反之,則增大。價(jià)格變動(dòng)對(duì)不同商品需求影響程度是不一樣的,對(duì)生活必需品的需求量影響較小,對(duì)高檔耐用品的需求量影響較大。相關(guān)商品價(jià)格變動(dòng)對(duì)消費(fèi)需求的影響不同,某種商品價(jià)格上漲,就會(huì)減少需求量,其替代品需求量增加,其互補(bǔ)品需求量則減少。(2)、價(jià)格變化也會(huì)影響生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng),價(jià)格變動(dòng)會(huì)調(diào)節(jié)生產(chǎn),刺激生產(chǎn)者改進(jìn)技術(shù),提高勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率,促使生產(chǎn)者生產(chǎn)適銷(xiāo)對(duì)路的高 質(zhì)量產(chǎn)品。(五)發(fā)導(dǎo)學(xué)案、布置預(yù)習(xí)。預(yù)習(xí)第三課第一框《消費(fèi)及其類(lèi)型》,完成預(yù)習(xí)導(dǎo)學(xué)案練習(xí)題九、板書(shū)設(shè)計(jì)《價(jià)格變動(dòng)的影響》1、對(duì)人們生活的影響(1)商品價(jià)格變動(dòng)與消費(fèi)需求量之間的關(guān)系(2)不同商品的需求量對(duì)價(jià)格變動(dòng)的反應(yīng)程度不同
二、做理智的消費(fèi)者1、量入為出,適度消費(fèi)2、避免盲從,理性消費(fèi)3、保護(hù)環(huán)境,綠色消費(fèi)4、勤儉節(jié)約,艱苦奮斗十、教學(xué)反思本課的設(shè)計(jì)采用了課前下發(fā)預(yù)習(xí)學(xué)案,學(xué)生預(yù)習(xí)本節(jié)內(nèi)容,找出自己迷惑的地方。課堂上師生主要解決重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)、疑點(diǎn)、考點(diǎn)、探究點(diǎn)以及學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中易忘、易混點(diǎn)等,最后進(jìn)行當(dāng)堂檢測(cè),課后進(jìn)行延伸拓展,以達(dá)到提高課堂效率的目的。這節(jié)課我們主要學(xué)習(xí)了影響人們消費(fèi)的幾種消費(fèi)心理和幾種科學(xué)的消費(fèi)觀。本節(jié)課與學(xué)生生活十分貼近所以這節(jié)課充分的調(diào)動(dòng)了學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的興趣和積極性,并且讓學(xué)生針對(duì)案例進(jìn)行充分的分組討論分析,通過(guò)學(xué)生的展示分析和補(bǔ)充可以知道學(xué)生們不但深層次分析了教學(xué)原理也透徹理解了教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)大大提高了課堂效率.。通過(guò)案例的分析進(jìn)一步領(lǐng)會(huì)了教材原理突破了本節(jié)課的難點(diǎn)——樹(shù)立正確的消費(fèi)觀。整堂課學(xué)生求知旺盛,復(fù)雜的知識(shí)變得簡(jiǎn)單化,從閱讀教材到獨(dú)立思考分析再到合作討論最后的展示質(zhì)疑答疑,加深了印象,提高了能力。
1、外匯與外幣的關(guān)系:(1)外匯包括外幣,但外匯不等于就是外幣。外幣是指外國(guó)的貨幣,包括外國(guó)的紙幣、鑄幣;外匯通常是以外國(guó)貨幣表示的用于國(guó)際間結(jié)算的支付手段,具體包括外幣、外幣有價(jià)證券、外幣支付憑證等。(2)外幣屬于外匯的范圍,但不能把二者等同起來(lái)。通常情況下,只有可以自由兌換的外幣才是外匯,因?yàn)橥鈪R的實(shí)質(zhì)是國(guó)際支付手段,如果某種貨幣不能自由兌換,它就不能成為國(guó)際支付手段。外匯執(zhí)行的 主要是貨幣的支付手段的職能。(3)持有外匯意味著對(duì)外匯發(fā)行國(guó)擁有債權(quán)。持有外匯過(guò)多,一方面意味著國(guó)際支付能力強(qiáng)和有可能對(duì)外匯發(fā)行國(guó)施加影響;另一方面則意味著大量該由本國(guó)享受的資源,被借給外國(guó)利用,并要承擔(dān)外匯貶值的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。2、關(guān)于幣值變化的分析:(1)對(duì)貨幣升值的具體分析:一個(gè)國(guó)家的貨幣升值(上?。┖?,同量的這種貨幣能比以前換 取更多的他國(guó)貨幣,買(mǎi)到更多的他國(guó)商品。
(5)be to do (可以和具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用)①表示按計(jì)劃、安排即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。②用于時(shí)間、條件狀語(yǔ)從句中,表示“如果要……,想要……”。The students are to meet at the school gate tomorrow. 明天學(xué)生們將在學(xué)校大門(mén)口集會(huì)。 If you are to succeed, you must work as hard as possible. 如果你想要成功,比必須努力工作。(6)be about to do (不與具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用) 表示即將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。We are about to start. 我們就要出發(fā)了。The new school year is about to begin. 新學(xué)年開(kāi)學(xué)在即。(7)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)①表示按時(shí)間表規(guī)定將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。常限于表示位置移動(dòng)的短暫性動(dòng)詞。②在時(shí)間、條件或讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中,用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)。Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026 takes off at 18:20. 你看看時(shí)刻表,快點(diǎn)!4026次航班的起飛時(shí)間是下午6點(diǎn)20分。Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves in half an hour. 簡(jiǎn)很匆忙,因?yàn)槿C(jī)場(chǎng)的火車(chē)半小時(shí)后出發(fā)。
Is there a clear purpose for the trip? :Does each paragraph have a clear main idea? Does the writer use the present continuous tense for future plans?Does the writer use commas, stops, and question marks correctly? Are all the words spelt correctly?Are all the proper nouns capitalized?Revise your draft according to your partner's comments.Step 5:The summary of how to write a travel plan.旅游計(jì)劃是一種常見(jiàn)的應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作。旅游可分為觀光游、文化游、美食游及探險(xiǎn)游等不同類(lèi)型,因此旅游計(jì)劃也要根據(jù)不同的旅游目的進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)。常規(guī)的旅游計(jì)劃需要明確以下幾個(gè)方面的問(wèn)題:Travel planWhen will you leave for? Where is your the destination?How will you get there?What will you do there?How long will you there?Is there a clear purpose for the trip? 為了提升旅行計(jì)劃的層級(jí),還需注意以下幾個(gè)方面的問(wèn)題:1.每段是否有明確清晰的主題;2.用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí);3.用更高級(jí)的形容詞詞匯。例如:表達(dá)“好”時(shí),不要總用“nice”,我們還可以用“smart, clean, excellent, exciting, beautiful, wonderful, clever, famous, grand”等表達(dá)更具有指向性的詞匯;4.用更高級(jí)的動(dòng)詞詞匯。比如:我們可以用“seem stand, lie .get stay, remain, look . sound, become . keep, grow”等代替"be";
①標(biāo)題——標(biāo)題應(yīng)當(dāng)簡(jiǎn)潔明了。②導(dǎo)語(yǔ)——導(dǎo)語(yǔ)是消息開(kāi)頭的第一段或第一句話,簡(jiǎn)明扼要地揭示出消息的核心內(nèi)容。③主體——主體是消息的主要部分,要用充足的事實(shí)表現(xiàn)主題,對(duì)導(dǎo)語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容作進(jìn)一步的展開(kāi)和闡述。④結(jié)束語(yǔ)——通常是對(duì)全文內(nèi)容進(jìn)行概括性的總結(jié)。3. 新聞報(bào)道增分句子(1)陳述事實(shí)常用的句型:①A terrible storm hit/struck ... , killing ..②It was a cool autumn night when the earthquake happened. A large number of buildings fell down and roads were destroyed, leaving a great many people homeless.地震發(fā)生在一個(gè)涼爽的秋夜。大量的建筑物倒塌,道路被毀,許多人無(wú)家可歸。③With the help of the rescue team, people who were the trapped in the flood were saved.在救援隊(duì)的幫助下,困在洪水中的人們得救了。(2)陳述觀點(diǎn)常用的句型:①Clearly/Obviously/In my opinion/It seemed that people were shocked.顯然/在我看來(lái)/似乎人們震驚了。②The whole city was in ruins after the earthquake.地震后整個(gè)城市成了一片廢墟。(3)揭示原因常用的句型:Because of/As a result of/Thanks to the help of the army, people who got injured were sent to the hospital immediately.
【教材分析】This teaching period mainly deals with the grammar: the restrictive relative clauses.This period carries considerable significance to the cultivation of students’ writing competence and lays a solid foundation for the basic appreciation of language beauty. The teacher is expected to enable students to master this period thoroughly and consolidate the knowledge by doing some exercise of good quality.【教學(xué)目標(biāo)與核心素養(yǎng)】1. Get students to have a good understanding of the basic usages of the restrictive relative clauses.2. Enable students to use the restrictive relative clauses flexibly.3. Develop students’ speaking and cooperating abilities.4. Strengthen students’ great interest in grammar learning.【教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)】How to enable students to have a good understanding of the restrictive relative clauses, especially the uses of the relative words such as which, that, who, whom.【教學(xué)過(guò)程】Step1: 語(yǔ)法知識(shí)呈現(xiàn)定語(yǔ)從句(一)—關(guān)系代詞的用法在復(fù)合句中, 修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句通常由關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo),說(shuō)明事物的具體信息,從句位于被修飾詞之后。被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的詞叫先行詞,引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞,關(guān)系詞指代先行詞,并在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)成分。關(guān)系詞有兩種:關(guān)系代詞who, whom ,whose, that, which, as和關(guān)系副詞when, where, why。
【教材分析】高考聽(tīng)力材料的選用非常重視語(yǔ)言真實(shí)性和交際性的原則,語(yǔ)言材料一般來(lái)源于實(shí)際生活,對(duì)話的內(nèi)容大都取材于日常生活,即衣、食、住、行、工作、學(xué)習(xí)、天氣、生活環(huán)境等話題,可分為校園、公共場(chǎng)所、家庭等方面,如: shopping, finding the way, doing one’s homework, seeing a doctor, making a phone call, weather report, asking for different kinds of information等。新教材的特點(diǎn)就是利用生活中真實(shí)文本,只是降低難度,讓學(xué)生注重語(yǔ)言的應(yīng)用,將是我們高考把握方向的重要因素?!窘虒W(xué)目標(biāo)與核心素養(yǎng)】學(xué)習(xí)能力目標(biāo):在聽(tīng)力當(dāng)中,學(xué)生應(yīng)該有效規(guī)劃學(xué)習(xí)方法,選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)牟呗耘c方法。這節(jié)課的訓(xùn)練目標(biāo)是讓學(xué)生有正確的預(yù)測(cè)和抓住問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵信息,從而用心去聽(tīng)來(lái)找尋關(guān)鍵信息。根據(jù)生活中實(shí)際情況和高考常見(jiàn)語(yǔ)境,我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)提前預(yù)測(cè)和抓住題干中的w很重要,即what, where, when, why等等。
【教材分析】本節(jié)課是高中英語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)的最后一個(gè)單元的閱讀和思考部分,文章難度明顯增加,體現(xiàn)在以下幾個(gè)方面:文章題材是說(shuō)明文,比較難理解;話題生疏,涉及到歷史等知識(shí);生詞量增大,而且在語(yǔ)境中理解詞匯的要求提高。面對(duì)這些,教師的難度和高度也要有所提升,通過(guò)探討說(shuō)明順序,了解背景知識(shí)等幫助他們找到說(shuō)明文閱讀的方法?!窘虒W(xué)目標(biāo)與核心素養(yǎng)】1. 文化意識(shí)目標(biāo)新課程中指出,文化意識(shí)是對(duì)中外文化的理解和對(duì)優(yōu)秀文化的認(rèn)同。文化意識(shí)的的培養(yǎng)有助于學(xué)生增加國(guó)家認(rèn)同和家國(guó)情懷,成為有文明素養(yǎng)和社會(huì)責(zé)任感的人。我們這個(gè)單元很好體現(xiàn)了這一點(diǎn),通過(guò)了解漢字書(shū)寫(xiě)的體系和發(fā)展,學(xué)生可以有一種文化自豪感,同時(shí)也能夠幫助學(xué)生深入挖掘這篇文章,從而想到更多和中國(guó)文化相關(guān)的方面。2. 學(xué)習(xí)能力目標(biāo)
Step 3: Read to sum upRead it again and sum up the problems of the three students, and then write down the advice that was given from others.Step 4: Work in pairs. List your learning problems in English and brainstorm some useful advice.Useful expressions ? I don't know how to…... Is a big difficulty for me. I cannot ...? You might try …. It's very important to…? I have no idea how/what .My biggest problem is .... ? I (also) have trouble with. My advice is …. This worked for me.? l cannot understand the teachers’ English in class.Step 5 Homework:為提高我校學(xué)生的英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)水平,我們將舉辦英語(yǔ)演講比賽(English- speaking contest),請(qǐng)你根據(jù)下面的信息,以學(xué)生會(huì)(the Students‘ Union)的名義寫(xiě)一份海報(bào),歡迎全校同學(xué)參加,屆時(shí)特邀本校美籍教師史密斯先生頒獎(jiǎng)。? 報(bào)名時(shí)間 9月30日以前(報(bào)名:signup)? 報(bào)名地點(diǎn) 學(xué)生會(huì)辦公室? 比賽時(shí)間 10月9日晚7:00~9:00? 比賽地點(diǎn) 學(xué)校大會(huì)議室? 獎(jiǎng)勵(lì) 前8名
This teaching period mainly deals with grammar “restrictive relative clauses.” To begin with, teachers should lead students to revise what they have learned about the relative pronouns and relative adverbs. And then, teachers move on to stress more special cases concerning this grammar, such as the “preposition+ relative pronouns which and whom” and cases where we can omit the relative pronouns. This period carries considerable significance to the cultivation of students’ writing competence and lays a solid foundation for the basic appreciation of language beauty. The teacher is expected to enable students to master this period thoroughly and consolidate the knowledge by doing some exercises. 1. Guide students to review the basic usages of relative pronouns and adverbs of attributive clauses.2. Lead students to learn to use some special cases concerning restrictive relative clauses flexibly.2. Enable students to use the basic phrases structures flexibly.3. Strengthen students’ great interest in grammar learning.1. Help students to appreciate the function of relative pronouns and adverbs of attributive clauses in a sentence2. Instruct students to write essays using the proper relative pronouns and adverbs of attributive clauses.本節(jié)語(yǔ)法思考:定語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中的作用是什么? 關(guān)系詞有哪些?定語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中的作用相當(dāng)于形容詞,它在句中作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞或代詞。他們?cè)谙刃性~和定語(yǔ)從句之間起到聯(lián)系作用,同時(shí)在意義上代表先行詞并在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)任一個(gè)成分。被定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的詞稱(chēng)先行詞,定語(yǔ)從句一般放在先行詞的后面。
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “Take part in a youth project”. The listening text is an interview about an international youth cultural heritage protection project. More than 20 high school students from seven countries participated in the project. The reporter interviewed two participants Stephanie and Liu Bin. By listening to the text, students can understand the significance of cultural heritage protection, and teenagers can use their knowledge, combine their own interests and advantages, etc. to participate in the action of cultural heritage protection. Listening and Talking introduces the theme of "Talk about history and culture". The listening text is a dialogue between two tourists and tour guides when they visit the Kremlin, red square and surrounding buildings. The dialogue focuses on the functional items of "starting a conversation", which is used to politely and appropriately attract the attention of the others, so as to smoothly start a conversation or start a new topic. The purpose of this section is to guide students to understand the history and current situation of Chinese and foreign cultural heritage in their own tourism experiences or from other people's tourism experiences, explore the historical and cultural values, and be able to express accurately and appropriately in oral communication.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of the whole and key details; 2. Cultivate students' ability to guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to participate in cultural heritage protection activities.3. Instruct students to use functional sentences of the dialogue such as “I beg your pardon, but…” “Forgive me for asking, but…" and so on to start the conversation more politely and appropriately.
The theme of the reading and thinking is about “Understanding how a problem was solved”.The Listening & Speaking & Talking is about international co-work to protect the Mount Tai, in which the students from seven countries came up with many solutions even create the Mount Tai App. This section aims at showing how to solve a difficult and even tough problem about protecting the cultural heritage by the international co-work. So in this section, cultivating students’ international awareness is very clear and important. Concretely, with the economic development, how to balance the protection of cultural relics and social development is a big challenge for human. In the 1950s, the Egyptian government wanted to build the Aswan Dam across the Nile to control floods, produce electricity and water farms. But the proposal led to protests because it would destroy a lot of cultural relics. The Egyptian had no choice but ask the UN for help. Therefore, a international cooperation about how to protect the cultural relics began, which involved the time length about 20 years and a large amount of fund. Then, the problems was solved. 1. Read quickly to get the main idea and the structure of the article; read careful to get detailed information.2. Learn to use the reading strategy---making a timeline3. Learn how to solve a tough problem by asking for help and cooperation4. Have the international awareness and understand the great strength of international cooperation.1. Read quickly to get the main idea and the structure of the article; read careful to get detailed information.2. Learn to use the reading strategy---making a timeline.3. Learn how to solve a tough problem by asking for help and cooperation.
This report is short, concise and has typical news content and language features. The title uses the verb phrases, embodying the characteristics of being concise and general. The introduction is the first two sentences in the first paragraph, describing the general situation of the cultural heritage protection project, including time, place, characters, events and other news elements, so that readers can see the main points of the news report at a glance. The main body is the second and third paragraphs, which report the important historical and cultural value of Mogao Grottoes and the production of Mogao Grottoes Material digital photos, which are of great significance to the inheritance of historical culture and the promotion of international cultural understanding, exchange and cooperation. Direct citation is used in the report, as well as background introduction and other news writing techniques.1. Get students to have a good understanding of some features about a news report by reading the text.2. Instruct students to write a summary about a news report properly using some newly acquired writing skills in this period.3. Develop students’ writing and cooperating abilities.4. Strengthen students’ great interest in writing discourses.1. Stimulate students to have a good understanding of how to a summary about a news report 2. Cultivate students to write a news report properly and concisely.Step 1: Lead in Do you think it is necessary for us to circulate our cultural heritage to the world? Why or why not?Do we need to learn more about other countries’ cultural heritage? Why or why not?Step 2: Read to discover details concerning the main body of the news report.
【引入新課】同學(xué)們?cè)诤舆呁嫠5臅r(shí)候不知注意到如圖中所展示的場(chǎng)面沒(méi)有?(注意到了)那么同學(xué)們知道圖中A、B、C它們的名稱(chēng)分別是什么嗎?(不知道)它們的名稱(chēng)簡(jiǎn)單的講可以統(tǒng)稱(chēng)為河流地貌。至于它們的具體名稱(chēng)和形成原理就是我們今天要討論的問(wèn)題。一、河流地貌【介紹】河流地貌是自然界中最常見(jiàn)的地貌之一。按照成因,可以將河流地貌分為侵蝕地貌和堆積地貌,它們的形成和發(fā)展主要與外力作用有關(guān)。【板書(shū)】1、分類(lèi): 侵蝕地貌和堆積地貌【過(guò)渡】我們首先來(lái)看一下河流侵蝕地貌【板書(shū)】2、河流侵蝕地貌【介紹】河流在流動(dòng)過(guò)程 中,會(huì)破壞并掀起地表的物質(zhì),形成侵 蝕地貌。河流侵蝕地貌是由溯源侵蝕、下蝕和側(cè)蝕共同作用形成的。【引導(dǎo)讀書(shū)】請(qǐng)同學(xué)們快速閱讀教材P83倒數(shù) 第二段,添出以下表格。
4.海洋污染(1)閱讀書(shū)本P64,由學(xué)生歸納:(2)展示圖片資料:“威望號(hào)油輪泄漏事故”【討論】石油污染將對(duì)該海區(qū)的生態(tài)環(huán)境造成怎樣的影響?【小結(jié)】本節(jié)課我們從四個(gè)方面了解了洋流對(duì)地 理環(huán)境和人類(lèi)活動(dòng)的影響,重點(diǎn)學(xué)習(xí)洋流對(duì)氣候和對(duì)漁場(chǎng)形成的影響。同學(xué)們聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)“厄爾尼諾”現(xiàn)象嗎?“厄爾尼諾”現(xiàn)象會(huì)影 響秘魯漁場(chǎng)的漁獲量;也會(huì)對(duì)氣候產(chǎn)生影響,導(dǎo)致全球氣候異常。『探究“神奇的厄爾尼諾”現(xiàn)象』學(xué)習(xí)小組交流【小結(jié)】“厄爾尼諾”現(xiàn)象還有許多不解之謎,其中之一是形成原因,尚未能解釋清楚。有人認(rèn)為是南半球東南信風(fēng)減弱造成的,也有人認(rèn)為是大氣環(huán)流減弱造成的結(jié)果;且“厄爾 尼諾”現(xiàn)象發(fā)生有沒(méi)有自身的規(guī)律?發(fā)生周期長(zhǎng)短受什么制約?等等,這些謎團(tuán)等待我們?nèi)ヒ灰唤忾_(kāi)。
知識(shí)和技能 ⑴從圖片和簡(jiǎn)易圖中,了解氣團(tuán)(冷氣團(tuán)、暖氣團(tuán))的概念;鋒的概念與分類(lèi);低壓(氣旋)、高壓(反氣旋)、高壓脊、低壓槽的概念。⑵從氣溫、氣壓、濕度、降水、風(fēng)等幾方面分析各種天氣系統(tǒng)的形成及其氣流特點(diǎn),并綜合出各種天氣系統(tǒng)控制下的天氣狀況過(guò)程與方法 ⑴讓學(xué)生能閱讀和簡(jiǎn)單分析天氣圖,解釋天氣變化現(xiàn)象;⑵用案例說(shuō)明氣象災(zāi)害發(fā)生的原因和危害;⑶結(jié)合我國(guó)常見(jiàn)的天氣系統(tǒng)說(shuō)明其對(duì)人們生產(chǎn)和生活的影響情感、態(tài)度與價(jià)值觀激發(fā)學(xué)生探究天氣的形成和變化的興趣和動(dòng)機(jī),培養(yǎng)學(xué)生求真、求實(shí)的科學(xué)態(tài)度,提高地理審美情趣教學(xué)重點(diǎn)1.鋒面系統(tǒng)。(鋒面系統(tǒng):一是要區(qū)別冷暖鋒的成因,二是要掌握鋒面兩側(cè)的氣壓、溫度、濕度、風(fēng)和天氣差異)2.低壓、高壓系統(tǒng)。(要掌握其成因、氣壓特征、氣流特征及其天氣特點(diǎn)四個(gè)方面。)
師:很好。由于存在地球大氣圈、地球水圈和地表的礦物,在地球上這個(gè)合適的溫度條件下,形成了適合于生物生存的自然環(huán)境。人們通常所說(shuō)的生物,是指有生命的物體,包括植物、動(dòng)物和微生物。據(jù)估計(jì),現(xiàn)有生存的植物約有40萬(wàn)種,動(dòng)物約有110多萬(wàn)種,微生物至少有10多萬(wàn)種。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì),在地質(zhì)歷史上曾生存過(guò)的生物約有5億~10億種之多,然而,在地球漫長(zhǎng)的演化過(guò)程中,絕大部分都已經(jīng)滅絕了。現(xiàn)存的生物生活在巖石圈的上層部分、大氣圈的下層部分和水圈的全部,構(gòu)成了地球上一個(gè)獨(dú)特的圈層,稱(chēng)為生物圈。生物圈是太陽(yáng)系所有行星中僅在地球上存在的一個(gè)獨(dú)特圈層。課堂小結(jié):地球所有的外部圈層是相互滲透、相互影響,甚至相互重疊的,在太陽(yáng)和人類(lèi)生活的參與下,整個(gè)地球生機(jī)盎然;同時(shí),它們起著保護(hù)地球的作用,可以減弱太陽(yáng)和宇宙輻射對(duì)地表的影響,減少宇宙中的隕石對(duì)地球表面的撞擊。外部各圈中的物質(zhì)運(yùn)動(dòng)和循環(huán),是促使地表物質(zhì)和形態(tài)演變的重要?jiǎng)恿Α?/p>
三維目標(biāo):知識(shí)和技能 1、了解地球自轉(zhuǎn)和公轉(zhuǎn)的方向及一些基本數(shù)據(jù):周期、速度、公轉(zhuǎn)軌道、黃赤交角。2、理解由于地球自轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)造成的晝夜交替、地方時(shí)差,掌握時(shí)間的有關(guān)換算,能正確判斷晨昏線。3、理解地球自轉(zhuǎn)和公轉(zhuǎn)的關(guān)系,理解太陽(yáng)直射點(diǎn)的南北移動(dòng)的過(guò)程及其原因,并能演示其運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律。4、理 解晝夜長(zhǎng)短和正午太陽(yáng)高度的季節(jié)變壞緯度變化 。過(guò)程與方法 1、通過(guò)運(yùn)用地球儀演示地球的自傳和公轉(zhuǎn)現(xiàn)象,學(xué)生能夠準(zhǔn)確的畫(huà)出夏至日到冬至日太陽(yáng)照射地球的示意圖2、能根據(jù)“二分二至日太陽(yáng)照射地球示意圖”分析全球各 地的晝夜長(zhǎng)短和正午太陽(yáng)高度的變化,分析同緯度地區(qū)不同季節(jié)和不同緯度地區(qū)相同季節(jié)的晝夜長(zhǎng)短和正午太陽(yáng)高度的變化。