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新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 5 Music-Discovering Useful Structures教案二
4. When he got absorbed in his world of music, he felt as if he could “see” the beauty of the world around him, like he had in his previous life.P·P as adverbial: _________________________________________________________________.Function: _______________________________________________________________________.Step 5 Solid Complete the passage with the words in brackets in their correct forms.Well known as a successful band, the Impact members show quite a few striking qualities. They never ever give up. When _____________(question) by the media, they are not _____________(discourage) and practise even harder. They are improving themselves by attending several master training class. They are united. _____________(fill with) team spirit, they act as a whole, always aiming for glory. Step 6 Difference and similarity from -ingObserve the following examples.1. He went out, shutting the door behind him.=He went out, ________________________________________________________.2. Not knowing what to do, he went to his parents for help.=__________________________________________, he went to his parents for help.Similarity: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.Difference : _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.Step Practice1. ________ in a hurry, this article was not so good. 因?yàn)閷懙么颐? 這篇文章不是很好。2. ________ carefully, he found something he hadn’t known before. 他仔細(xì)讀書時(shí), 發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些從前不知道的東西。3. ________ why he did it, the monitor said it was his duty. 當(dāng)被問及他為什么要這么做時(shí), 班長說這是他的職責(zé)
人教版高中語文必修3《馬嵬（其二）》教案2篇
結(jié)合歷史自古以來，江山美人歷來都是引無數(shù)英雄豪杰競折腰的，如果說英雄選擇了美人卻丟了江山，把所有罪名都?xì)w結(jié)于“女人是禍水”。但是，紂王無道，和有了妲己有必然的聯(lián)系嗎？有人說妲己壞透了，壞透了的妲己如果不是取得紂王的信任是壞不起來的，紂王聽信了妲己的讒言，聽與不聽決定權(quán)在紂王，而不在妲己。強(qiáng)勢永遠(yuǎn)在紂王一邊。再來看看西施和楊貴妃：西施是作為越國貢獻(xiàn)給吳國的供品來到吳王夫差的身邊的，楊貴妃更是先是李隆基的兒媳婦被看中而得寵的。所以，西施和楊貴妃這兩個(gè)可憐的女人根本沒有自己的獨(dú)立選擇，沒有獨(dú)立的愛情，如果沒有西施，就會有南施，或北施；如果沒有楊貴妃，就會有李貴妃，王貴妃，總之什么施，什么妃是不能少的，因?yàn)槟鞘菂峭鹾屠盥』男枰?/p>
新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 1 Cultural Heritage-Discovering Useful Structure教案二
This theme of the part is “ Describe people or things in greater detail”. Students have learned the grammar(restrictive relative clauses) in Book 1, and further review and consolidate its structure “prep+relative pronouns(which/whom)” and the relative adverbs(when, where and why), besides students should understand its form, meaning and functions. In this section, students should be able to express the grammar correctly in daily communication and in the writing. 1. Review the basic usages of relative pronouns and adverbs of attributive clauses . 2. Learn to use some special cases about restrictive relative clauses.3. Learn to write sentences with restrictive relative clauses flexibly according to the context.1. Review the basic usages of relative pronouns and adverbs of attributive clauses .2. Learn to use some special cases about restrictive relative clauses.3. Learn tow rite sentences with restrictive relative clauses flexibly according to the context.Step 1. Observe the following sentences, and mark the relative pronouns and the adverbs. 1. After listening to the scientists who had studied the problems, and citizens who lived near the dam, the government turned to the United Nations for help.2. Temples and other cultural sites were taken down piece by piece, and then moved and put back together again in a place where they were safe from the water.Step 2 PracticePlease complete these sentences with relative pronouns and relative adverbs and answer the following questions.Questions: 1. What is the head noun ?2. What relative words should be used ?3. What elements do they act in these sentences ?
新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 2 Wildlife Protection-Reading for Writing教案二
This lesson aims at making a poster about protecting wildlife after reading some posters. During reading students are guided to understand the content and try to summarize the posters with one sentence. Then students are guided to try to make a poster about protecting wildlife.1. Read the two posters and try to understand the summary sentences.2. Look at the two posters and try to understand what emotions they express.3. Try to summarize the features of posters4. Try to make a poster about wildlife.1. Look at the two posters and try to understand what emotions they express.2. Try to summarize the features of posters3. Try to make a poster about wildlife.Step 1 Lead inLook at the the posters on the textbook and ask:Which emotions do the posters communicate ?Step 2 Read the poster and answer the questions.1. What do you think of the animals in the poster on the left ?I think it is frightening and ugly.2. Why do we should protect the ugly animals ?All species--the good, the bad, and the ugly-- should be treated equally.The world needs all kinds--without variety, our planet cannot survive.3. Why are billions of trees being cut down every year ?To make paper for humans.4. What result will be lead to after the trees are cut down ?A lost of animal homes are being destroyed./The habitat of wildlife is being destroyed.Step 3 Find the feature of posters1. What does each poster use to stir up emotions ?On the left, it makes us a little frightened and it looks a little ugly, but it can activate our curiosity--What is it? And What is wrong with it?On the right, it makes us feel a little sad and want to protect them.
新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 1 Cultural Heritage-Reading and Thinking教案二
1. This section focuses on "Understanding how a problem was solved”, which is aimed to guide students to analyze and discuss the challenges and problems faced by cultural heritage protection during the construction of Aswan Dam, as well as the solutions. On the basis of understanding, students should pay attention to the key role of international cooperation in solving problems, and attach importance to the balance and coordination between cultural heritage protection and social and economic development. Students are encouraged to face challenges actively, be good at cooperation, and make continuous efforts to find reasonable ways and means to solve problems.2. Enable students to understand the main information and text structure of the reading text;3. Motivate students to use the reading strategy "make a timeline" according to the appropriate text genre;4. Enable students to understand how a problem was solved;5. Enable students to understand the value of protecting cultural heritage by teamwork and global community;1. Guide students to pay attention to reading strategies, such as prediction, self-questioning and scanning.2. Help students sort out the topic language about protecting cultural relics and understand the narrative characteristics of "time-event" in illustrative style3. Lead students to understand the value of protecting cultural heritage by teamwork and global community;
新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 2 Wildlife Protection-Discovering Useful Structure教案二
2．表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的被動動作(該動作在說話的瞬間未必正在進(jìn)行)。Many interesting experiments are being carried out these days.(說話時(shí)，并不一定正在進(jìn)行)3．表示一種經(jīng)常性的被動行為，常和always，constantly 等表示頻度的副詞連用，這種用法常常帶有贊揚(yáng)或厭惡的感情色彩。He is always being praised by the leader.4．表示按計(jì)劃或安排主語將要承受謂語動詞所表示的動作(僅限于少數(shù)及物動詞)。A party is being held tonight.Step 4 Special cases1.像take care of, look after, talk about, think of等動詞與介詞構(gòu)成的短語用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動語態(tài)時(shí), 其中的介詞不可省略。The ways to stop illegally hunting are being talked about. 2．可與部分情態(tài)動詞連用，表示對正在發(fā)生的事情的推測。She may be being punished by her mother.3．有時(shí)可表示按計(jì)劃或安排將要進(jìn)行的一個(gè)被動動作。A celebration is being held this weekend for his success.4．某些表示“狀態(tài)、心理活動、存在”等的動詞，如have，want，need，love，一般不用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動語態(tài)，而常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動語態(tài)。With the population increasing，more land is needed.5．“be＋under/in＋n.”可表示現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動意義。My computer is under repair.＝My computer is being repaired.
新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 2 Wildlife Protection-Reading and Thinking教案二
The theme of this unit is human and nature, focusing on the theme of wildlife protection. Nature is a complex ecosystem, in which there are delicate balance between animals and plants. Because of the role of the food chain, the extinction of one species will produce influence, causing a series of chain reaction. Large scale extinction of species will have a serious and even irreversible impact on the ecosystem, resulting in immeasurable losses. Therefore, it is of great significance to protect wild species. To protect wild species is to protect human beings themselves. The motto of this unit is "when the buying stops, the killing can too,” which is a public service advertising slogan to protect wildlife. It tells people that every rhinoceros horn, every fur, every bowl of shark fin soup, every Ivory product, and every tiger bone product, etc. consumed by human beings, are innocent wild animals slaughtered behind them. The mission of wild aid is to ban illegal trade in endangered wildlife and mitigate climate change. It aims to educate the public to reduce the consumption demand for endangered wildlife products through public publicity and improve the awareness of environmental protection.1. Improve the awareness of wildlife protection by acquiring the knowledge of wildlife protection.2. Focus on environmental protection and protection of all lives.3. Analysis of the living environment of wild animals with appropriate thinking mode.4. Skillfully use the vocabulary and grammar knowledge of this unit to cultivate self-study ability according to the unit content5. Develop cooperative learning ability through discussion and other ways1. Enable the Ss to talk about the current situation of wild animals.2. Guide the Ss to summarize the main idea of each paragraph as well as the main idea of the text.
新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 3 The Internet-Discovering Useful Structure教案二
This teaching period mainly deals with grammar “The Present Perfect Passive Voice.” To begin with, teachers should lead students to revise what they have learned about the Present Perfect Passive Voice. And then, teachers move on to stress more special cases concerning this grammar。This period carries considerable significance to the cultivation of students’ writing competence and lays a solid foundation for the basic appreciation of language beauty. The teacher is expected to enable students to master this period thoroughly and consolidate the knowledge by doing some exercises. 1. Guide students to review the basic usages of the Present Perfect Passive Voice2. Lead students to learn to use some special cases concerning the Present Perfect Passive Voice flexibly.2. Enable students to use the basic phrases structures flexibly.3. Strengthen students’ great interest in grammar learning.1. Help students to appreciate the function of the Present Perfect Passive Voice in a sentence2. Instruct students to write essays using the proper the Present Perfect Passive Voice.觀察下列句子特點(diǎn)，總結(jié)共同點(diǎn)。1．(教材P28)Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web．2．(教材P28)But the Internet has done much more for people than simply make life more convenient．3．(教材P28)Many people have been helped by the club．4．(教材P28)She no longer feels lonely, and her company has become quite successful．5．(教材P32)Today I thought I’d blog about a question that has been asked many times—how do you stay safe online and avoid bad experiences on the Internet?
新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 3 The Internet-Listening &Speaking＆Talking教案二
From the pictures in the text and the title--- choose the best app, we can know that this part is about how to save money by using apps.Step 2 While-listening1. Laura and Xiao Bo are talking about apps. Listen to their conversation and find out what apps they want.Xiao Bo is looking for a(n) exercise app to help him get in shape.Laura would like an app for getting rich and another that will make her grades better.2. Listen again. Are the sentences true T or false F?1). Both of Xiao Bo's apps keep track of the steps he takes._____2). Xiao Bo's second app can help him make a fitness plan._____3). Laura needs an app that will help her get discounts.______4). Laura needs an app that will add money to her bank account._______F T F T3. Listen once more and tick the sentence you hear. Underline the words used to express predictions, guesses, and beliefs.Predictions, Guesses, and Beliefs________It might help me walk more.________My guess is that it wouldn't work.________I imagine this app would help me get fit faster________I suppose that would be good.________I guess you could save a little with this app.________I suppose there would be some problems, too.________I believe this app could help me get thinner.
新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 3 The Internet-Reading and Thinking教案二
Q5：What's Jan's next goal?Her next goal is to start a charity website to raise money for children in poor countries.Q6：What can we learn from her experiences?We learn that when we go through tough times, we can find help and support from other people online. We learn that we can feel less lonelyStep 5: While reading---rethinkingQ1: What is Jan’s attitude to the Internet ?Thankful/Grateful, because it has changed her and her life.Q2: What writing skills is used in the article ?Examples(Jan’s example, the 59-year-old man’s and the 61-year-old woman’s example)Q3: Can you get the main idea of the article ?The Internet has changed Jan’s life/Jan’s life has been changed by the Internet.Step 6 Post reading---Retell the storyMuch has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web. There are countless articles (1)telling(tell) us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient. But the Internet has done a lot (2)more(much) for people than simply make life more convenient. People’s lives (3) have been changed(change) by online communities and social networks so far. Take Jan for example, who developed a serious illness that made her (4)stuck(stick) at home with only her computer to keep (5)her(she) company. She joined an online group (6)where she could share problems, support and advice with others. She considered the ability to remove the distance between people as one of the greatest (7)benefits(benefit). She was so inspired (8)that she started an IT club in which many people have been helped. She has started to learn more about how to use the Internet to make society better. Her next goal is to start a charity website to raise money (9)for children in poor countries. Jan’s life has been (10)greatly(great) improved by the Internet.
新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 4 History and Traditions-Discovering Useful Structure教案二
This teaching period mainly deals with grammar: The past participle is used as attributive and objective complement.1. Guide students to review the basic usages of the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.2. Lead students to learn to use some special cases concerning the past participle used as attributive and objective complement flexibly.3. Strengthen students’ great interest in grammar learning.1. Help students to appreciate the function of the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.2. Instruct students to write essays using the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.Step1:溫故而知新。Analyze the underlined phrases and then sum up the common usages of the past participles.1．(教材P41)They had castles built(build) all around England, and made changes to the legal system．2．(教材P42)They use the same flag, known(know) as the Union Jack，．．．3．(教材P42)Judy and I had our car parked(park) in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square, where we could get our car battery charged(charge)．Common points: f the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.Step 2:過去分詞作定語時(shí)的意義1．及物動詞的過去分詞作定語，在語態(tài)上表示被動；在時(shí)間上，常表示動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成，有時(shí)也不表示時(shí)間性。Our teacher watched us doing the experiment and gave us a satisfied smile at last．我們的老師看著我們做實(shí)驗(yàn)，最后給了我們一個(gè)滿意的微笑。The plan put forward at the meeting will be carried out soon．會上提出的計(jì)劃將很快被執(zhí)行。2．不及物動詞的過去分詞作定語，它不表示被動意義，只強(qiáng)調(diào)動作完成。Many little kids like gathering fallen leaves in the yard．
新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 5 Music-Reading and Thinking教案二
1. Get basic information about Eric; read deeply to understand the history and development of the virtual choir.2. Understand what the function of the virtual choir is and how to make a virtual choir.3. Understand the meaning of some languages in the context of the text through question guidance, such as “Many people do not have close friends or contacts who have the same interest in music.” and so on.Step 1 Leading-in1. Answer the following questions.Q1：Do you know the Apps like Tik Tok and Quick Hand?Q2: Do you want to make a Tik Tok video or a Quick Hand video?2. Play a Tik Tok video Step 2: Understanding the title Q1：What does the title mean ?Q2: Is the article a narration or exposition? Why? Q3: Can you change the title ? If you can, what is the title?Step 3: Scanning the whole text and getting the basic information1. Answer the following questions.Q1：Who came up with the idea for a virtual choir?Q2: Where did Eric studied the musical composition?Q3: What is his song?2. Find the main idea of each paragraph3. Deal with some new words.Step 4: Reading carefully to get detailed informationPara 1 How to make a virtual choir1. PreparationA. tools: a virtual camera; an Internet connectionB. hero/heroin: friends or some individuals who have the same interests2. Process
新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 5 Music-Reading for Writing教案二
The Internet celebrity Gao Yifeng. Years ago, he owned 5 companies and the staffs over 1,000, but during the economy crisis, he became nothing but debt. He was so worried that his hair became white overnight. There was a time when he wanted to killed himself. But after listening to the song Start Over by Liu Huan, he decided to cheer himself up. He started a steamed bun shop and gradually became a national chain shops. Now he became successful again.Walter Haddon said, “Music is the medicine of a troubled mind.” Music contains such a pleasant and inspiring force. Music gave him courage and bravery. When he listened to the song, it made his spirit fly like a kite in the wind. Music gave him strength and brought him relief. It was the rock I leant on to become strong and to get through those hard times. I hope none of us have to go through the same kind of suffering that he did. At the same time, we all go through various periods when we feel sad or alone. During those times, music can help us in the same way that it helped him. I hope we all will somehow begin to treasure music and make it a part of our life. Thank you for your listening !5.Revise your writing each other.Does he/she explain how music has changed his/her/someone else’s life?Are some of the rhetorical devices included and used properly ?Does he/she talk about how music makes him/her/someone feel?Is the first word in each sentences capitalised?Does he/she use correct punctuation ?
高中語文人教版必修二《歸園田居》說課稿
一、說教材本節(jié)課選自于人教版語文必修二第二單元詩三首中的一首詩歌，它是陶淵明歸隱后的作品。寫的是田園之樂，實(shí)際表明的是作者不愿與世俗同流合污的心聲，甘愿守著自己的拙志回歸田園。學(xué)習(xí)該詩，有助于學(xué)生了解山水田園詩的特點(diǎn)，感受者作者不同流俗的高尚情操，同時(shí)可以培養(yǎng)學(xué)生初步的鑒賞古典詩歌的能力。
人教版高中語文必修3《馬嵬（其二）》說課稿
生2：頷聯(lián)的意思是只聽到禁衛(wèi)軍中傳來夜間巡邏的梆子聲，不再向?qū)m中那樣安逸地聽到有雞人打鳴報(bào)時(shí)的聲音了。生3：頸聯(lián)的意思是說事變發(fā)生那天軍隊(duì)發(fā)生嘩變停留不前，但當(dāng)年唐玄宗以為自己可以和貴妃天天在一起，對天上的牽牛和織女一年一度的會見還加以嘲笑呢。生4：尾聯(lián)的含義是為什么唐玄宗當(dāng)了四十五年的皇帝，還不如普通百姓夫妻恩愛，長相廝守。師：好的。請大家再齊讀一遍詩文，做到人人都能疏通詩的含義。學(xué)生再次齊讀。第三環(huán)節(jié)：專項(xiàng)探究師：白居易曾說：“文章合為時(shí)而著，歌詩合為事而作?！边@首詩就是作者途經(jīng)馬嵬驛，詠馬嵬之變這一歷史事件而作，所以我們鑒賞的第三步，就是通過標(biāo)題和詩文，弄清詩中的歷史事件。請同學(xué)們找出詩中哪些詩句描述了這一事件？
高中物理必修1教案高中物理必修二圓周運(yùn)動教案
一、描述圓周運(yùn)動的物理量 探究交流 打籃球的同學(xué)可能玩過轉(zhuǎn)籃球，讓籃球在指尖旋轉(zhuǎn)，展示自己的球技，如圖5-4-1所示.若籃球正繞指尖所在的豎直軸旋轉(zhuǎn)，那么籃球上不同高度的各點(diǎn)的角速度相同嗎?線速度相同嗎? 【提示】 籃球上各點(diǎn)的角速度是相同的.但由于不同高度的各點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)動時(shí)的圓心、半徑不同，由v=ωr可知不同高度的各點(diǎn)的線速度不同.
人教版高中歷史必修3宋明理學(xué)教案2篇
二、程朱理學(xué)：1、宋代“理學(xué)”的產(chǎn)生：（1）含義：所謂“理學(xué)”，就是用“理學(xué)”一詞來指明當(dāng)時(shí)兩宋時(shí)期所呈現(xiàn)出來的儒學(xué)。廣義的理學(xué)，泛指以討論天道問題為中心的整個(gè)哲學(xué)思潮，包括各種不同的學(xué)派；狹義的理學(xué)，專指程顥、程頤、朱熹為代表的，以“理”為最高范疇的學(xué)說，稱為“程朱理學(xué)”。理學(xué)是北宋政治、社會、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的理論表現(xiàn)，是中國古代哲學(xué)長期發(fā)展的結(jié)果，是批判佛、道學(xué)說的產(chǎn)物。他們把“理”或“天理”視作哲學(xué)的最高范疇，認(rèn)為理無所不在，不生不滅，不僅是世界的本原，也是社會生活的最高準(zhǔn)則。在窮理方法上，程顥“主靜”，強(qiáng)調(diào)“正心誠意”；程頤“主敬”，強(qiáng)調(diào)“格物致知”。在人性論上，二程主張“去人欲，存天理”，并深入闡釋這一觀點(diǎn)使之更加系統(tǒng)化。二程學(xué)說的出現(xiàn)，標(biāo)志著宋代“理學(xué)”思想體系的正式形成。【合作探究】宋代“理學(xué)”興起的社會條件：
人教版高中語文必修3《勸學(xué)》教案2篇
五．研習(xí)第一段：1．誦讀指導(dǎo)要處理好句中停頓2．請學(xué)生對照注釋翻譯本段重點(diǎn)詞句：學(xué)不可以已已：停止。青，取之于藍(lán)而青于藍(lán)于：從；比。木直中繩中：zhàng符合，合于。雖有槁暴，不復(fù)挺者，揉使之然也有通又，揉通煣，以火烘木，使其彎曲。然：這樣。翻譯：故木受繩則直，金就礪則利，君子博學(xué)而日參省乎己，則知明而行無過矣。所以木材經(jīng)墨線畫過（再用斧鋸加工）就直了，金屬刀劍拿到磨刀石上（磨過）就鋒利了，君子廣博地學(xué)習(xí)并且每天對自己檢驗(yàn)反省，就能智慧明達(dá)，行為沒有過錯(cuò)了。3．本段是從哪個(gè)角度論述中心論點(diǎn)的？明確：本段是從學(xué)習(xí)的意義這個(gè)角度論述中心論點(diǎn)的。荀子認(rèn)為人的知識、道德、才能都不是天生成的，而是后天不斷學(xué)習(xí)獲得的，學(xué)習(xí)的意義十分重大，所以學(xué)習(xí)不能停止。4．本段中幾個(gè)比喻句是為了說明什么道理？學(xué)生討論發(fā)言，教師明確：
人教版高中語文必修3《勸學(xué)》說課稿3篇
《勸學(xué)》是普通高中課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)試驗(yàn)教科書語文必修三第三單元的重點(diǎn)篇目，該文集中反映著名思想家荀子在學(xué)習(xí)問題上的觀點(diǎn)和精彩斐然的論證藝術(shù)。該單元所選課文都是古代的議論性散文。通過本單元的學(xué)習(xí)在于讓學(xué)生感受我國傳統(tǒng)文化的精神，掌握基礎(chǔ)的文言語法知識，學(xué)習(xí)如何清晰有力的表達(dá)自己的思想和見解。本文安排在單元的第一篇，如何指導(dǎo)學(xué)生學(xué)好這篇課文，是實(shí)現(xiàn)“授之以漁”，樹立學(xué)生學(xué)好文言文的信心，掌握文言學(xué)習(xí)方法的關(guān)鍵。根據(jù)新課標(biāo)倡導(dǎo)從“知識與能力”、“過程與方法”、“情感態(tài)度與價(jià)值觀”三方面出發(fā)設(shè)計(jì)課程目標(biāo)的要求和高一的學(xué)生對于文言文的知識還在積累的階段，應(yīng)該注重基礎(chǔ)知識的積累和一定量的誦讀的實(shí)際情況。我擬確定以下教學(xué)目標(biāo)：1，了解荀子論述學(xué)習(xí)的思想，明確學(xué)習(xí)要靠積累、堅(jiān)持不懈、專心致志的道理。2，掌握積累文言實(shí)詞、虛詞，活用、古今異議等現(xiàn)象和固定句式。
人教版高中歷史必修3宋明理學(xué)說課稿3篇
陸王心學(xué)與程朱理學(xué)相比有何異同？生 不同點(diǎn)：在理的內(nèi)涵上不同，程朱理學(xué)認(rèn)為“理”是貫通于宇宙、人倫的客觀存在，是一種普遍的規(guī)律準(zhǔn)則；陸王心學(xué)認(rèn)為心即理，是“良知”，認(rèn)為人心便是世界萬物的本原。方法上也有不同：前者向外追究，“格物致知”；后者向內(nèi)探求，“發(fā)明本心”以求理，克服私欲、回復(fù)良知。生 相同點(diǎn)：都提出了一個(gè)宇宙、社會、人生遵循的“理”。師 對。程朱理學(xué)是客觀唯心主義，陽明心學(xué)是主觀唯心主義。這兩者的分歧是理學(xué)范圍內(nèi)的分歧，其基本思想是一致的。師 宋明理學(xué)與漢唐以前的儒學(xué)比較，最大的特點(diǎn)在于批判地吸收了佛教哲學(xué)的思辨結(jié)構(gòu)和道教的宇宙生成論，將儒家的倫理學(xué)說概括升華為哲學(xué)基本問題。其實(shí)質(zhì)是把佛、道“養(yǎng)性”“修身”引向儒家的“齊家”“治國”“平天下”，對儒家的綱常道德給予哲學(xué)論證，使之神圣化、絕對化、普遍化，以便深入人心，做到人人遵而行之。