(3)、各種利益集團(tuán)內(nèi)部很少有什么民主機(jī)制,大都為少數(shù)人所控制——從利益集團(tuán)內(nèi)部的管理機(jī)制看;廣大群眾常常對某些組織寄予期望,投人力量,但是他們的利益卻往往得不到關(guān)注。(4)、利益集團(tuán)為政府腐敗提供了肥沃的土壤。利益集團(tuán)的活動(dòng)方式,在很大程度上是用金錢購買政治影響力,是一種滋養(yǎng)腐敗的行為——從利益集團(tuán)對政府的負(fù)面影響看。實(shí)際上,在國會(huì)議員、政府官員與利益集團(tuán)之間,已經(jīng)形成一種相互依賴的共生關(guān)系。3、利益集團(tuán)機(jī)制的隱蔽性、欺騙性及其實(shí)質(zhì):美國政壇中的利益集團(tuán)機(jī)制,是資產(chǎn)階級控制國家機(jī)器的一種特殊形式,具有相當(dāng)強(qiáng)的隱蔽性和欺騙性。表面上看,利益集團(tuán)是所謂的“民意代表”,向政府反映各階層、群體的觀點(diǎn)和利益,實(shí)質(zhì)上是資產(chǎn)階級在“民意”的幌子下控制權(quán)力。
這一句議論,呼應(yīng)前文的記敘——母親教“我”生產(chǎn)的知識(shí),同情革命、支持革命,讓“我”養(yǎng)成革命的意志。這些都是“我”感謝母親的重要原因?!澳赣H是一個(gè)平凡的人,她只是中國千百萬勞動(dòng)人民中的一員,但是,正是這千百萬人創(chuàng)造了和創(chuàng)造著中國的歷史?!蹦赣H勤苦一生,任勞任怨,反抗地主豪紳的欺壓,堅(jiān)強(qiáng)不屈,母親就是一位普普通通的農(nóng)婦,她是“平凡的”,但正是像母親這樣的千百萬勞動(dòng)人民,融匯成革命的洪流,推動(dòng)著歷史的發(fā)展,為我們的民族做出了不可磨滅的貢獻(xiàn),中國的現(xiàn)在、未來都將是勞動(dòng)人民的。這句議論,將對母親的深情與對民族、對廣大勞動(dòng)人民的深情融匯在一起。
三峽庫區(qū)農(nóng)村移民安置根本出路是通過發(fā)展大農(nóng)業(yè)來解決耕地不足,不應(yīng)盲目開墾荒坡地,防止產(chǎn)生新的水土流失,盡量避免生態(tài)環(huán)境惡化。2、就地后靠,就近安置模式三峽庫區(qū)淹沒區(qū)線狀分布的受淹特點(diǎn)有別于一般水庫淹沒區(qū)的片狀分布,使得庫區(qū)移民具有相對分散的特點(diǎn),且淹沒涉及的356個(gè)鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)沒有一個(gè)被全淹,甚至全淹的村也很少,這有利于移民在本縣甚至本鄉(xiāng)就近后靠安置,避免了水庫移民大量外遷、遠(yuǎn)遷所造成的種種困難和后遺癥。三峽移民搬遷大多可以就地后靠,就近安置,這是三峽移民的一大特色。就近后靠安置的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是不離本鄉(xiāng)本土,移民容易接受,且避免了移民大量外遷、遠(yuǎn)遷所造成的困難和后遺癥;缺點(diǎn)是容易對當(dāng)?shù)氐纳鷳B(tài)環(huán)境造成過大的壓力,如過度開墾坡地、破壞植被、加劇水土流失等。3、工程周期長,可從容安置移民三峽工程建設(shè)周期長(1994年~2009年,共17年),使得移民安置能夠及早進(jìn)行,可以從容安置移民的生產(chǎn)和生活。
①含義:即國家管理形式,是國家政權(quán)的組織形式②政體的必要性和重要性A、行使職能B、維護(hù)其根本利益掌握國家政權(quán)的階級為實(shí)現(xiàn)政治統(tǒng)治、行使社會(huì)管理職能,必然要采取某種形式組織政權(quán)機(jī)關(guān)。統(tǒng)治階級為維護(hù)其根本利益,總是力求采用最有效的政權(quán)組織形式。3、國體與政體的關(guān)系(板書)(1)、政體的多樣性(2)、國體與政體的關(guān)系①國體決定政體,并通過一定的政體來體現(xiàn);政體體現(xiàn)國體,并服務(wù)于特定的國體。適當(dāng)?shù)恼w能夠鞏固國體,不適當(dāng)?shù)恼w會(huì)危害國體。補(bǔ)充:政體由國體決定并反映國體,國體是主要的方面。但是,政體也具有一定的獨(dú)立性,影響它形成的因素主要有:歷史條件、階級力量對比、傳統(tǒng)習(xí)慣、國際環(huán)境影響等。②專政政體國體與政體,即是國家制度中內(nèi)容與形式兩個(gè)方面(3)從國體、政體兩個(gè)方面看民主制國家補(bǔ)充:專政即是主要依靠暴力實(shí)行的統(tǒng)治,它與民主相對立,屬于國體的范疇,而專制則與法制相對立,屬于政體的范疇。
黃梅戲是安徽省的主要地方戲曲劇種,原名“黃梅調(diào)”或“采茶戲”。流行于安徽、湖北、江西、江蘇等地。他的起源大約可以追溯到清朝乾隆年間,但形成一個(gè)完整的劇種,是十八世紀(jì)后期在皖、鄂、贛三省毗鄰的黃梅縣形成的,其中一支逐漸東移到安徽省懷寧縣為中心的安慶地區(qū),與當(dāng)?shù)孛耖g藝術(shù)相結(jié)合,用當(dāng)?shù)卣Z言歌唱、說白,形成了自己的特點(diǎn),被稱為“懷腔”或“懷調(diào)”,這就是今日黃梅戲的前身。主要?jiǎng)∧坑校骸短煜膳洹贰ⅰ斗蚱抻^燈》、《打豬草》等。黃梅戲《打豬草》由“二小”組成,人物是陶金花、金小毛,一個(gè)打豬草一個(gè)看竹筍。陶金花在打豬草時(shí).拔草用勁過大,不小心碰斷了金小毛家兩根竹筍,慌忙用草將筍蓋上,這時(shí),在樹上看筍的金小毛看見了,認(rèn)為她有意偷筍,踩破了她的籃子。小姑娘哭著拉他去見媽媽,要他賠籃子。金小毛無奈,將舅母讓他買鹽的二百文錢賠她,她知道底細(xì)后不要金小毛賠了,說:“只要心意好,人好水也甜”,金小毛又把斷了的竹筍一起送她,陶金花提不動(dòng),又幫著她送到家里。一路上邊走邊唱盤歌《對花》,什么花都問遍了,終于回到家中,金花媽媽不在家,金花打了三個(gè)雞蛋,泡一碗炒米招待小毛,小戲在歡樂的氣氛中結(jié)束了。在封建禮教統(tǒng)治森嚴(yán)的情況下,男女青年這種自由交往具有反封建的意義,劇中所表現(xiàn)的青春的活力、逗趣的語言和優(yōu)美的曲調(diào),使人如沐春風(fēng),具有親切感人的魅力?!洞蜇i草》的可貴之處就在于毫無造作,從唱詞到表演都再現(xiàn)了生活的真情,猶如田野吹來的風(fēng),清涼爽快,沁人心脾。
一、導(dǎo)入新課同學(xué)們,在古典小說《水滸傳》中,那些俠肝義膽、疾惡如仇的英雄人物總是那樣令人印象深刻。比如“及時(shí)雨”宋江、“黑旋風(fēng)”李逵、“一丈青”扈三娘……今天,我們學(xué)習(xí)的劉紹棠的《蒲柳人家》中也有一位綽號(hào)叫“一丈青”的大娘,她又是怎樣一個(gè)人物呢?就讓我們一起走近劉紹棠,走近他筆下栩栩如生的人物形象。二、教學(xué)新課目標(biāo)導(dǎo)學(xué)一:感知內(nèi)容,梳理故事情節(jié)快速瀏覽課文,根據(jù)相關(guān)情節(jié),自擬標(biāo)題。明確:第一節(jié):(1)何滿子被拴葡萄架;(2)一丈青迷信繡肚兜;(3)一丈青大鬧運(yùn)河灘;(4)一丈青妙手救病人;(5)一丈青百般疼孫子。第二節(jié):(1)何大學(xué)問威震古北口;(2)何大學(xué)問仗義熱腸;(3)何大學(xué)問請師教孫子;(4)何大學(xué)問怒拴何滿子。目標(biāo)導(dǎo)學(xué)二:分析人物形象,把握人物性格特征1.小說中的主要人物有哪些?他們分別具有怎樣的形象特點(diǎn)?
[教學(xué)目標(biāo)]1.知識(shí)與技能:鞏固 100 以內(nèi)數(shù)的認(rèn)識(shí),進(jìn)一步理解數(shù)位和位值的含義,發(fā)展學(xué)生有序的思維能力,以及培養(yǎng)他們的歸納能力。2.過程與方法:學(xué)生經(jīng)歷“擺一擺、想一想”的主動(dòng)探索的學(xué)習(xí)過程,探索出100 以內(nèi)數(shù)的特點(diǎn)及規(guī)律。3.情感、態(tài)度與價(jià)值觀:在實(shí)踐操作中,通過找規(guī)律來發(fā)展學(xué)生的初步抽象思維能力。[重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)]1.教學(xué)重點(diǎn):進(jìn)一步理解數(shù)位和位值的含義,發(fā)展學(xué)生有序的思維能力,以及培養(yǎng)他們的歸納能力。2.教學(xué)難點(diǎn):發(fā)展學(xué)生有序的思維能力。[教學(xué)準(zhǔn)備] 課件、數(shù)位表、磁力扣、圍棋子(每人3 顆)。[教學(xué)過程]一、激趣導(dǎo)入1.用 1 顆棋子擺數(shù)。師:今天,我給同學(xué)們請來了一位好朋友,你們看!課件演示:同學(xué)們,大家好!我是圍棋寶寶,今天我來和大家一起學(xué)習(xí),你們高興嗎?這是你們學(xué)過的數(shù)位表吧?我也來看看?。▏遄犹絺€(gè)位上)你們知道我現(xiàn)在表示幾嗎?為什么?生:表示 1,因?yàn)閭€(gè)位上有 1 個(gè)。
預(yù)設(shè) 大困難是由小困難組成的,小困難是不難戰(zhàn)勝的,一步一步戰(zhàn)勝了小困難,最后就能戰(zhàn)勝大的困難。當(dāng)然,重要的還在于走好每一步,一步一步堅(jiān)持不懈地走下去。在人生道路上,面對困難,“走一步,再走一步”這種人生經(jīng)驗(yàn),給人以戰(zhàn)勝一切艱難險(xiǎn)阻的信心。結(jié)束語:古語說得好,“寶劍鋒從磨礪出,梅花香自苦寒來”。人的一生少不了經(jīng)受挫折與磨難,但也正是在戰(zhàn)勝困難的經(jīng)歷中,我們的人生才變得充實(shí)而有意義。當(dāng)我們面對困難時(shí),鼓起勇氣,大聲地對自己說:“走一步,再走一步。”【設(shè)計(jì)意圖】本環(huán)節(jié)巧妙運(yùn)用課文批注,引發(fā)學(xué)生思考,并引導(dǎo)學(xué)生結(jié)合自己的生活體驗(yàn),從幾個(gè)角度,開放性探討獲得的人生啟示,讓學(xué)生在輕松的氛圍中,獲得啟示,啟迪他們在生活中去運(yùn)用這些人生經(jīng)驗(yàn),戰(zhàn)勝困難。
【教學(xué)提示】題目的設(shè)計(jì)意圖是要培養(yǎng)同學(xué)們患難與共的愛心,克服困難的勇氣和決心。目標(biāo)導(dǎo)學(xué)二:分析環(huán)境和心理描寫1.文章開頭為什么突出“酷熱”?明確:開頭一自然段主要寫孩子們?yōu)槭裁聪氲饺ヅ缿已?。寫天氣的酷熱,通過環(huán)境描寫,突出了人物的心理,即酷熱使人煩躁,小伙伴就厭倦了正在玩的游戲,從而想到很久沒有爬懸崖。2.“時(shí)間在慢慢地過去。影子在慢慢拉長,太陽已經(jīng)沒在西邊低矮的樹梢下,夜幕開始降臨?!薄澳荷?,第一顆星星出現(xiàn)在天空中,懸崖下面的地面開始變得模糊。”這兩句話是什么描寫?請簡要分析其作用。明確:這是典型的環(huán)境描寫,很好地烘托了“我”的恐懼心理。3.當(dāng)“我”被棄于懸崖時(shí),“我”的心理狀態(tài)是怎樣的?請從文中找出描寫“我”處于險(xiǎn)境中的心理狀態(tài)的詞句。明確:“我”的心理狀態(tài)是恐懼。詞語:陣陣暈眩、天旋地轉(zhuǎn)、神情恍惚。句子:“我聽見有人在哭泣、呻吟;我想知道那是誰,最后才意識(shí)到那就是我?!薄拔遗吭趲r石上,神情恍惚,害怕和疲勞已經(jīng)讓我麻木?!?/p>
師:很好。由于存在地球大氣圈、地球水圈和地表的礦物,在地球上這個(gè)合適的溫度條件下,形成了適合于生物生存的自然環(huán)境。人們通常所說的生物,是指有生命的物體,包括植物、動(dòng)物和微生物。據(jù)估計(jì),現(xiàn)有生存的植物約有40萬種,動(dòng)物約有110多萬種,微生物至少有10多萬種。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì),在地質(zhì)歷史上曾生存過的生物約有5億~10億種之多,然而,在地球漫長的演化過程中,絕大部分都已經(jīng)滅絕了?,F(xiàn)存的生物生活在巖石圈的上層部分、大氣圈的下層部分和水圈的全部,構(gòu)成了地球上一個(gè)獨(dú)特的圈層,稱為生物圈。生物圈是太陽系所有行星中僅在地球上存在的一個(gè)獨(dú)特圈層。課堂小結(jié):地球所有的外部圈層是相互滲透、相互影響,甚至相互重疊的,在太陽和人類生活的參與下,整個(gè)地球生機(jī)盎然;同時(shí),它們起著保護(hù)地球的作用,可以減弱太陽和宇宙輻射對地表的影響,減少宇宙中的隕石對地球表面的撞擊。外部各圈中的物質(zhì)運(yùn)動(dòng)和循環(huán),是促使地表物質(zhì)和形態(tài)演變的重要?jiǎng)恿Α?/p>
過渡:在實(shí)際生活中,城市內(nèi)部空間結(jié)構(gòu)并非完全按照這一經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)律呈現(xiàn),而是更具復(fù)雜性。這說明除了經(jīng)濟(jì)因素外,還有很多其他因素在起作用,請大家結(jié)合你的認(rèn)識(shí)、圖2.9和案例1:紐約市的少數(shù)民族區(qū)談?wù)勀愕目捶?。?)其他因素I收入——形成不同級別住宅區(qū)的常見原因。有能力支付昂貴租金和選擇最佳居住環(huán)境的人,其居住地往往形成高級住宅區(qū)。II知名度——城市內(nèi)某些地區(qū)在歷史、文化或經(jīng)濟(jì)方面具有很高的聲譽(yù),這往往會(huì)吸引更多新的住宅或商場建在該處,以提高其知名度。III種族聚居區(qū)的形成——在有些城市的某一區(qū)域內(nèi),如果某個(gè)種族或宗教團(tuán)體占優(yōu)勢,就可能形成種族聚居區(qū)。如紐約市的唐人街、哈林區(qū)、小意大利區(qū)等。IV歷史因素——城市的建筑物和街道設(shè)計(jì)可以維持久遠(yuǎn),早期的土地利用方式對日后的功能分區(qū)有著深遠(yuǎn)的影響。
第一單元 圓1.圓的定義:平面上的一種曲線圖形。2.將一張圓形紙片對折兩次,折痕相交于圓中心的一點(diǎn),這一點(diǎn)叫做圓心。圓心一般用字母O表示。它到圓上任意一點(diǎn)的距離都相等.3.半徑:連接圓心到圓上任意一點(diǎn)的線段叫作半徑。半徑一般用字母r表示。把圓規(guī)兩腳分開,兩腳之間的距離就是圓的半徑。4.圓心確定圓的位置,半徑確定圓的大小。5.直徑:通過圓心并且兩端都在圓上的線段叫作直徑。直徑一般用字母d表示。6.在同一個(gè)圓內(nèi),所有的半徑都相等,所有的直徑都相等。7.在同一個(gè)圓內(nèi),有無數(shù)條半徑,有無數(shù)條直徑。8.在同一個(gè)圓內(nèi),直徑的長度是半徑的2倍,半徑的長度是直徑的一半。用字母表示為:d=2r r =1/2d 用文字表示為:半徑=直徑÷2 直徑=半徑×2
全班齊讀第五段內(nèi)容。請一位同學(xué)分析,接著讓這位同學(xué)按他分析的讀一遍。3、4兩自然段的平緩之后,第5段作者的情感再次抬升。為了滿足這種情感的張揚(yáng),作一口氣連用了四個(gè)排比句式“現(xiàn)在是……時(shí)候”,一方面這是情感發(fā)泄的需要,另一方面這種排山倒海的語勢也加強(qiáng)了內(nèi)容的表達(dá),極強(qiáng)地突出了現(xiàn)實(shí)為自由、平等而戰(zhàn)的重要性。四、學(xué)會(huì)演講我們剛才細(xì)讀了課文,但讀和講是有區(qū)別的。所謂演講,是一門語言藝術(shù),它的主要形式是“講”,即運(yùn)用有聲語言并追求言辭的表現(xiàn)力和聲音的感染力;同時(shí)還要輔之以“演”,即運(yùn)用面部表情、手勢動(dòng)作、身體姿態(tài)乃至一切可以理解的態(tài)勢語言,使講話“藝術(shù)化”起來,從而產(chǎn)生一種非凡的藝術(shù)魅力。那么,接下來就假設(shè)一下假如你是馬丁·路德·金,你會(huì)怎樣去講這篇演講辭。
一、導(dǎo)入新課年紀(jì)稍大的中國人應(yīng)還記得,1968年春,"文革"還正如火如荼之際,毛澤東發(fā)表了一篇"五二O聲明",全國各地為此舉行了由上級組織的大規(guī)模游行。很多人應(yīng)還記得,事情同馬丁·路德·金被刺殺有關(guān),而這位馬丁·路德·金,乃是著名的美國黑人民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)領(lǐng)袖。事過多年之后,我卻發(fā)現(xiàn),不少人居然把這位諾貝爾和平獎(jiǎng)得主,同四百多年前那位德國宗教改革領(lǐng)袖馬丁·路德相混淆,而對他的主要主張"非暴力抵抗",更是懵然無知!1956年,在26歲的馬丁·路德·金第一次領(lǐng)導(dǎo)黑人市民,抵制蒙哥馬利市公共汽車公司的種族隔離制度時(shí),他就舉起了"非暴力抵抗"的旗幟。他號(hào)召久被歧視的黑人群眾說:"我們要抵抗,因?yàn)樽杂蓮膩聿豢慷髻n獲得。有權(quán)有勢的欺壓者從不會(huì)自動(dòng)把自由奉獻(xiàn)給受壓者?!瓩?quán)利和機(jī)會(huì),必須通過一些人的犧牲和受難才能得到。"但是,"仇恨產(chǎn)生仇恨,暴力產(chǎn)生暴力……我們要用愛的力量,去對付恨的勢力。我們的目標(biāo),絕不是擊敗或羞辱白人,正相反,我們要贏得他們的友誼和理解。"
This teaching period mainly deals with grammar “restrictive relative clauses.” To begin with, teachers should lead students to revise what they have learned about the relative pronouns and relative adverbs. And then, teachers move on to stress more special cases concerning this grammar, such as the “preposition+ relative pronouns which and whom” and cases where we can omit the relative pronouns. This period carries considerable significance to the cultivation of students’ writing competence and lays a solid foundation for the basic appreciation of language beauty. The teacher is expected to enable students to master this period thoroughly and consolidate the knowledge by doing some exercises. 1. Guide students to review the basic usages of relative pronouns and adverbs of attributive clauses.2. Lead students to learn to use some special cases concerning restrictive relative clauses flexibly.2. Enable students to use the basic phrases structures flexibly.3. Strengthen students’ great interest in grammar learning.1. Help students to appreciate the function of relative pronouns and adverbs of attributive clauses in a sentence2. Instruct students to write essays using the proper relative pronouns and adverbs of attributive clauses.本節(jié)語法思考:定語從句在復(fù)合句中的作用是什么? 關(guān)系詞有哪些?定語從句在復(fù)合句中的作用相當(dāng)于形容詞,它在句中作定語修飾名詞或代詞。他們在先行詞和定語從句之間起到聯(lián)系作用,同時(shí)在意義上代表先行詞并在定語從句中擔(dān)任一個(gè)成分。被定語從句所修飾的詞稱先行詞,定語從句一般放在先行詞的后面。
The theme of the reading and thinking is about “Understanding how a problem was solved”.The Listening & Speaking & Talking is about international co-work to protect the Mount Tai, in which the students from seven countries came up with many solutions even create the Mount Tai App. This section aims at showing how to solve a difficult and even tough problem about protecting the cultural heritage by the international co-work. So in this section, cultivating students’ international awareness is very clear and important. Concretely, with the economic development, how to balance the protection of cultural relics and social development is a big challenge for human. In the 1950s, the Egyptian government wanted to build the Aswan Dam across the Nile to control floods, produce electricity and water farms. But the proposal led to protests because it would destroy a lot of cultural relics. The Egyptian had no choice but ask the UN for help. Therefore, a international cooperation about how to protect the cultural relics began, which involved the time length about 20 years and a large amount of fund. Then, the problems was solved. 1. Read quickly to get the main idea and the structure of the article; read careful to get detailed information.2. Learn to use the reading strategy---making a timeline3. Learn how to solve a tough problem by asking for help and cooperation4. Have the international awareness and understand the great strength of international cooperation.1. Read quickly to get the main idea and the structure of the article; read careful to get detailed information.2. Learn to use the reading strategy---making a timeline.3. Learn how to solve a tough problem by asking for help and cooperation.
The activity topic of this section is "report an ongoing event", and the structure is the passive voice of present continuous tense. Rare wild animals are suffering from large-scale poaching, and species are on the brink of danger. Rescue operations are underway. "Being" and "suffering" are the meanings of the present progressive passive voice.The usage of present progressive passive voice is of great importance in writing a good discourse and appreciating some difficult language items, so it is vital to master it and use it flexibly in a context.1. Motivate Ss to deepen the understanding of the usage of present progressive passive voice in a fixed context.2. Enable Ss to master the usage of present progressive passive voice and use it flexibly in a context.3. Lead Ss to construct sentences or appreciate sentences used master it and use it flexibly in a context.1. Help students to appreciate the function of the usage of present progressive passive voice in a sentence2. Instruct students to write essays using the proper usage of present progressive passive voice.Look at the picture and tell me what are workers doing? What is the house being done?
1. 標(biāo)題首先根據(jù)海報(bào)的特點(diǎn)、格式寫明標(biāo)題。海報(bào)中往往把內(nèi)容作為大標(biāo)題。例如: Save the earth, Save the birds。2. 正文部分不同的海報(bào)其正文部分的側(cè)重點(diǎn)不同。對于介紹性的海報(bào), 首先要引出話題, 其次列出原因, 最后是總結(jié)。對于宣傳類的海報(bào), 要寫明具體內(nèi)容, 如: 活動(dòng)內(nèi)容, 地點(diǎn)以及參加活動(dòng)的注意事項(xiàng), 主持或舉辦單位等。1. 圖片: 要選擇引人注目的圖片, 與主題要相關(guān), 色彩明亮。話題句式 1. It is a treasure of our country. 它是我國的國寶。2. Believe it or not, at present only several thousand pandas exist in the world. 信不信由你, 目前世界上僅現(xiàn)存幾千只熊貓。 3.It’s because of human activities that tigers are endangered. 正是因?yàn)槿祟惖幕顒?dòng), 老虎處于瀕危的狀態(tài)。4. Many wild animals are in danger of dying out. 很多野生動(dòng)物面臨著滅絕的危險(xiǎn)。 5. The government has taken effective measures to protect them. 政府已采取有效的措施來保護(hù)它們。6. People should raise the awareness of the protection of wild animals. 人們應(yīng)該提高保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物的意識(shí)。 7. It’s amazing that there are merely less than 1, 000 finless porpoises living in China. 非常令人吃驚, 目前中國僅有不足1 000只江豚。
This unit is about the Internet, which has a great influence to our humans and our lives. During the Listening & Speaking & Talking and Reading and Thinking section, the influence in examples has been shown. Thus, use the Present Perfect Tense is appropriate. However, in order to show the justice or weaken the doer of the behavior/action, it’s better to use the Present Perfect Passive Voice than the Present Perfect Tense. Besides, having learned to use the Present Perfect Passive Voice, students can beautify their language in their writing. 1. Learn the structure of the Present Perfect Passive Voice and its functions. 2. Learn to change the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice into the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice. 3. Learn to write sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice flexibly according to the context. 1. Learn the structure of the Present Perfect Passive Voice and its functions. 2. Learn to change the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice into the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice. 3. Learn to write sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice flexibly according to the context. Step 1 Observe the following sentences, then change the sentences into passive voice.He has been selected to take part in the sports meeting.(肯定句)他已被挑選出來參加運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。The ink has not been removed from his overcoat.(否定句)墨跡還沒有從他外套上去掉。
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “ask about online habits”. Many middle school students have been surfing the Internet for many years, but what they do with the Internet and how much time they spend every day may not be very clear to themselves, nor to other students. This section allows students to investigate their peers' Internet use, which is conducive to their mutual understanding and understanding of the Internet. It can also help them reflect on their own online behavior, learn from other people's good online habits, and get rid of their bad online behavior.The listening text of this section is an investigation interview. The investigators interview specific groups with the same questions to obtain information, so as to understand their views, practices or attitudes on this issue. There are two specific questions: “how much time do you spend online every day? What do you usually do online?”. The answers of the three respondents provide rich and different information, and achieve the purpose of the investigators. The oral discourse structure of survey interviews generally includes greeting and explaining the purpose of the interview, presenting the interview questions and the respondents' answers. Listening and Talking introduces the theme of “choosing the right application ". Listening text is a conversation between Laura and Xiao Bo. In this part of listening, “oink”; “piggy bank” may cause the students' hearing comprehension limitation. Oink refers to sound word and pig's sound. So, add some oink to my piggy bank is often used to describe "making a little money".1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of listening for definitions.2. Cultivate students' ability to define words and understand an investigation interview.