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新人教版高中英語選修2Unit 5 Reading and thinking教學(xué)設(shè)計
The theme of this activity is to learn the first aid knowledge of burns. Burns is common in life, but there are some misunderstandings in manual treatment. This activity provides students with correct first aid methods, so as not to take them for granted in an emergency. This section guides students to analyze the causes of scald and help students avoid such things. From the perspective of text structure and collaborative features, the text is expository. Expository, with explanation as the main way of expression, transmits knowledge and information to readers by analyzing concepts and elaborating examples. This text arranges the information in logical order, clearly presents three parts of the content through the subtitle, accurately describes the causes, types, characteristics and first aid measures of burns, and some paragraphs use topic sentences to summarize the main idea, and the level is very clear.1. Guide students to understand the causes, types, characteristics and first aid methods of burns, through reading2. Enhance students’ ability to deal withburnss and their awareness of burns prevention3. Enable students to improve the ability to judge the types of texts accurately and to master the characteristics and writing techniques of expository texts.Guide students to understand the causes, types, characteristics and first aid methods of burns, through readingStep1: Lead in by discussing the related topic:1. What first-aid techniques do you know of ?CPR; mouth to mouth artificial respiration; the Heimlich Manoeuvre
新人教版高中英語選修2Unit 5 Using langauge-Listening教學(xué)設(shè)計
The theme of this section is to learn how to make emergency calls. Students should learn how to make emergency calls not only in China, but also in foreign countries in English, so that they can be prepared for future situations outside the home.The emergency telephone number is a vital hotline, which should be the most clear, rapid and effective communication with the acute operator.This section helps students to understand the emergency calls in some countries and the precautions for making emergency calls. Through the study of this section, students can accumulate common expressions and sentence patterns in this context. 1.Help students accumulate emergency telephone numbers in different countries and learn more about first aid2.Guide the students to understand the contents and instructions of the telephone, grasp the characteristics of the emergency telephone and the requirements of the emergency telephone.3.Guide students to understand the first aid instructions of the operators.4.Enable Ss to make simulated emergency calls with their partners in the language they have learned1. Instruct students to grasp the key information and important details of the dialogue.2. Instruct students to conduct a similar talk on the relevant topic.Step1:Look and discuss:Match the pictures below to the medical emergencies, and then discuss the questions in groups.
新人教版高中英語選修2Unit 2 Reading for writing教學(xué)設(shè)計
The theme of this section is to express people's views on studying abroad. With the continuous development of Chinese economic construction, especially the general improvement of people's living standards, the number of Chinese students studying abroad at their own expense is on the rise. Many students and parents turn their attention to the world and regard studying abroad as an effective way to improve their quality, broaden their horizons and master the world's advanced scientific knowledge, which is very important for the fever of going abroad. Studying abroad is also an important decision made by a family for their children. Therefore, it is of great social significance to discuss this issue. The theme of this section is the column discussion in the newspaper: the advantages and disadvantages of studying abroad. The discourse is about two parents' contribution letters on this issue. They respectively express their own positions. One thinks that the disadvantages outweigh the advantages, and the other thinks that the advantages outweigh the disadvantages. The two parents' arguments are well founded and logical. It is worth noting that the two authors do not express their views on studying abroad from an individual point of view, but from a national or even global point of view. These two articles have the characteristics of both letters and argumentative essays1.Guide the students to read these two articles, and understand the author's point of view and argument ideas2.Help the students to summarize the structure and writing methods of argumentative writing, and guides students to correctly understand the advantages and disadvantages of studying abroad3.Cultivate students' ability to analyze problems objectively, comprehensively and deeply
新人教版高中英語選修2Unit 4 Reading for writing教學(xué)設(shè)計
假定你是英國的Jack，打算來中國旅行，請你給你的中國筆友李華寫一封信，要點如下：1．你的旅行計劃：北京→泰山→杭州；2．征求建議并詢問他是否愿意充當(dāng)你的導(dǎo)游。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右(開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù))；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考詞匯：故宮 the Forbidden City；泰山 Mount TaiDear Li Hua，I'm glad to tell you that 'm going to visit China.First，I am planning to visit Beijing，the capitalof China，where I am looking forward to enjoying the Great Wall，the Forbidden City and somebeautiful parks.Then I intend to go to visit Mount Tai in Shandong Province.I've heard that it is one ofthe most famous mountains in China and I can't wait to enjoy the amazing sunrise there.After that，I amalso going to Hangzhou.It is said that it is a beautiful modern city with breathtaking natural sights，among which the West Lake is a well- known tourist attraction.What do you think of my travel plan? Will you act as my guide? Hope to hear from you soon.
人教版高中地理選修3第二章第二節(jié)旅游資源開發(fā)條件的評價教案
案例①武夷山景區(qū)通過對案例①的學(xué)習(xí)，了解到：①武夷山景區(qū)自然景觀優(yōu)美，并具有較高的科學(xué)價值（丹霞地貌和生物多樣性）、歷史文化價值（豐富的文化遺存），具有極高的旅游資源價值。②地理位置優(yōu)越和交通條件便利、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施完善。③武夷山的國內(nèi)客源市場主要集中在長江三角洲和珠江三角洲，國際客源市場主要分布在以新加坡、日本為主的亞洲。游客多，市場廣闊。通過分析，進一步了解旅游資源開發(fā)條件評價的基本內(nèi)容。圖2．15武夷山景區(qū)旅游略圖通過圖2．15了解了武夷山著名景區(qū)、景點的分布?；顒痈鶕?jù)案例，結(jié)合圖2．15，試對武夷山景區(qū)的開發(fā)條件進行評價提示：可按以下步驟進行;1．根據(jù)學(xué)生各自的興趣愛好和性格，自由組合分組。2．仔細(xì)閱讀本案例，各組確定自己感興趣的評價項目，并通過新聞媒介、網(wǎng)絡(luò)、書籍等進一步收集有關(guān)信息。3．小組信息匯總，進行組內(nèi)討論。4．小組在全班進行匯報交流。
新人教版高中英語選修2Unit 3 Food and Culture-Reading and thinking教學(xué)設(shè)計
The discourse explores the link between food and culture from a foreign’s perspective and it records some authentic Chinese food and illustrates the cultural meaning, gerography features and historic tradition that the food reflects. It is aimed to lead students to understand and think about the connection between food and culture. While teaching, the teacher should instruct students to find out the writing order and the writer’s experieces and feelings towards Chinese food and culture.1.Guide the students to read the text, sort out the information and dig out the topic.2.Understand the cultural connotation, regional characteristics and historical tradition of Chinese cuisine3.Understand and explore the relationship between food and people's personality4.Guide the students to use the cohesive words in the text5.Lead students to accurately grasp the real meaning of the information and improve the overall understanding ability by understanding the implied meaning behind the text.1. Enable the Ss to understand the structure and the writing style of the passage well.2. Lead the Ss to understand and think further about the connection between food and geography and local character traits.Step1: Prediction before reading. Before you read, look at the title, and the picture. What do you think this article is about?keys:It is about various culture and cuisine about a place or some countries.
新人教版高中英語選修2Unit 3 Food and Culture-Discovering useful structures教學(xué)設(shè)計
The newspaper reported more than 100 people had been killed in the thunderstorm.報紙報道說有一百多人在暴風(fēng)雨中喪生。(2)before、when、by the time、until、after、once等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句的謂語是一般過去時，以及by、before后面接過去的時間時，主句動作發(fā)生在從句的動作或過去的時間之前且表示被動時，要用過去完成時的被動語態(tài)。By the time my brother was 10, he had been sent to Italy.我弟弟10歲前就已經(jīng)被送到意大利了。Tons of rice had been produced by the end of last month. 到上月底已生產(chǎn)了好幾噸大米。(3) It was the first/second/last ... time that ...句中that引導(dǎo)的定語從句中，主語與謂語構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系時，要用過去完成時的被動語態(tài)。It was the first time that I had seen the night fact to face in one and a half years. 這是我一年半以來第一次親眼目睹夜晚的景色。(4)在虛擬語氣中，條件句表示與過去事實相反，且主語與謂語構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系時，要用過去完成時的被動語態(tài)。If I had been instructed by him earlier, I would have finished the task.如果我早一點得到他的指示，我早就完成這項任務(wù)了。If I had hurried, I wouldn't have missed the train.如果我快點的話，我就不會誤了火車。If you had been at the party, you would have met him. 如果你去了晚會，你就會見到他的。
空間向量及其運算的坐標(biāo)表示教學(xué)設(shè)計人教A版高中數(shù)學(xué)選擇性必修第一冊
一、情境導(dǎo)學(xué)我國著名數(shù)學(xué)家吳文俊先生在《數(shù)學(xué)教育現(xiàn)代化問題》中指出:“數(shù)學(xué)研究數(shù)量關(guān)系與空間形式,簡單講就是形與數(shù),歐幾里得幾何體系的特點是排除了數(shù)量關(guān)系,對于研究空間形式,你要真正的‘騰飛’,不通過數(shù)量關(guān)系,我想不出有什么好的辦法…….”吳文俊先生明確地指出中學(xué)幾何的“騰飛”是“數(shù)量化”,也就是坐標(biāo)系的引入,使得幾何問題“代數(shù)化”,為了使得空間幾何“代數(shù)化”,我們引入了坐標(biāo)及其運算.二、探究新知一、空間直角坐標(biāo)系與坐標(biāo)表示1.空間直角坐標(biāo)系在空間選定一點O和一個單位正交基底{i,j,k},以點O為原點,分別以i,j,k的方向為正方向、以它們的長為單位長度建立三條數(shù)軸:x軸、y軸、z軸,它們都叫做坐標(biāo)軸.這時我們就建立了一個空間直角坐標(biāo)系Oxyz,O叫做原點,i,j,k都叫做坐標(biāo)向量,通過每兩個坐標(biāo)軸的平面叫做坐標(biāo)平面,分別稱為Oxy平面,Oyz平面,Ozx平面.
雙曲線的簡單幾何性質(zhì)（1）教學(xué)設(shè)計人教A版高中數(shù)學(xué)選擇性必修第一冊
問題導(dǎo)學(xué)類比橢圓幾何性質(zhì)的研究，你認(rèn)為應(yīng)該研究雙曲線x^2/a^2 -y^2/b^2 =1 (a>0，b>0)，的哪些幾何性質(zhì)，如何研究這些性質(zhì)1、范圍利用雙曲線的方程求出它的范圍，由方程x^2/a^2 -y^2/b^2 =1可得x^2/a^2 =1+y^2/b^2 ≥1 于是，雙曲線上點的坐標(biāo)（ x ， y ）都適合不等式，x^2/a^2 ≥1，y∈R所以x≥a 或x≤-a; y∈R2、對稱性 x^2/a^2 -y^2/b^2 =1 (a>0，b>0)，關(guān)于x軸、y軸和原點都是對稱。x軸、y軸是雙曲線的對稱軸，原點是對稱中心，又叫做雙曲線的中心。3、頂點（1）雙曲線與對稱軸的交點，叫做雙曲線的頂點 .頂點是A_1 （-a,0）、A_2 （a,0），只有兩個。（2）如圖，線段A_1 A_2 叫做雙曲線的實軸，它的長為2a,a叫做實半軸長；線段B_1 B_2 叫做雙曲線的虛軸，它的長為2b,b叫做雙曲線的虛半軸長。（3）實軸與虛軸等長的雙曲線叫等軸雙曲線4、漸近線（1）雙曲線x^2/a^2 -y^2/b^2 =1 (a>0，b>0)，的漸近線方程為：y=±b/a x（2）利用漸近線可以較準(zhǔn)確的畫出雙曲線的草圖
拋物線的簡單幾何性質(zhì)（1）教學(xué)設(shè)計人教A版高中數(shù)學(xué)選擇性必修第一冊
問題導(dǎo)學(xué)類比用方程研究橢圓雙曲線幾何性質(zhì)的過程與方法，y2 = 2px (p＞0)你認(rèn)為應(yīng)研究拋物線的哪些幾何性質(zhì)，如何研究這些性質(zhì)？1. 范圍拋物線 y2 = 2px (p＞0) 在 y 軸的右側(cè)，開口向右，這條拋物線上的任意一點M 的坐標(biāo) (x, y) 的橫坐標(biāo)滿足不等式 x ≥ 0；當(dāng)x 的值增大時，|y| 也增大，這說明拋物線向右上方和右下方無限延伸．拋物線是無界曲線．2. 對稱性觀察圖象，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，拋物線 y2 = 2px (p＞0)關(guān)于 x 軸對稱，我們把拋物線的對稱軸叫做拋物線的軸．拋物線只有一條對稱軸． 3. 頂點拋物線和它軸的交點叫做拋物線的頂點.拋物線的頂點坐標(biāo)是坐標(biāo)原點 (0, 0) ．4. 離心率拋物線上的點M 到焦點的距離和它到準(zhǔn)線的距離的比，叫做拋物線的離心率. 用 e 表示，e = 1．探究如果拋物線的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程是〖 y〗^2=-2px(p>0), ②〖 x〗^2=2py(p>0), ③〖 x〗^2=-2py(p>0), ④
拋物線的簡單幾何性質(zhì)（2）教學(xué)設(shè)計人教A版高中數(shù)學(xué)選擇性必修第一冊
二、直線與拋物線的位置關(guān)系設(shè)直線l:y=kx+m,拋物線:y2=2px(p>0),將直線方程與拋物線方程聯(lián)立整理成關(guān)于x的方程k2x2+2(km-p)x+m2=0.(1)若k≠0,當(dāng)Δ>0時,直線與拋物線相交,有兩個交點;當(dāng)Δ=0時,直線與拋物線相切,有一個切點;當(dāng)Δ<0時,直線與拋物線相離,沒有公共點.(2)若k=0,直線與拋物線有一個交點,此時直線平行于拋物線的對稱軸或與對稱軸重合.因此直線與拋物線有一個公共點是直線與拋物線相切的必要不充分條件.二、典例解析例5.過拋物線焦點F的直線交拋物線于A、B兩點，通過點A和拋物線頂點的直線交拋物線的準(zhǔn)線于點D，求證：直線DB平行于拋物線的對稱軸．【分析】設(shè)拋物線的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程為：y2＝2px（p＞0）．設(shè)A（x1，y1），B（x2，y2）．直線OA的方程為： ＝ ＝ ，可得yD＝ ．設(shè)直線AB的方程為：my＝x﹣ ，與拋物線的方程聯(lián)立化為y2﹣2pm﹣p2＝0，
拋物線及其標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程教學(xué)設(shè)計人教A版高中數(shù)學(xué)選擇性必修第一冊
本節(jié)課選自《2019人教A版高中數(shù)學(xué)選擇性必修第一冊》第二章《直線和圓的方程》，本節(jié)課主要學(xué)習(xí)拋物線及其標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程在經(jīng)歷了橢圓和雙曲線的學(xué)習(xí)后再學(xué)習(xí)拋物線，是在學(xué)生原有認(rèn)知的基礎(chǔ)上從幾何與代數(shù)兩 個角度去認(rèn)識拋物線.教材在拋物線的定義這個內(nèi)容的安排上是：先從直觀上認(rèn)識拋物線，再從畫法中提煉出拋物線的幾何特征，由此抽象概括出拋物線的定義，最后是拋物線定義的簡單應(yīng)用.這樣的安排不僅體現(xiàn)出《課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》中要求通過豐富的實例展開教學(xué)的理念，而且符合學(xué)生從具體到抽象的認(rèn)知規(guī)律，有利于學(xué)生對概念的學(xué)習(xí)和理解.坐標(biāo)法的教學(xué)貫穿了整個“圓錐曲線方程”一章，是學(xué)生應(yīng)重點掌握的基本數(shù)學(xué)方法 運動變化和對立統(tǒng)一的思想觀點在這節(jié)知識中得到了突出體現(xiàn)，我們必須充分利用好這部分教材進行教學(xué)
雙曲線的簡單幾何性質(zhì)（2）教學(xué)設(shè)計人教A版高中數(shù)學(xué)選擇性必修第一冊
二、典例解析例4．如圖，雙曲線型冷卻塔的外形，是雙曲線的一部分，已知塔的總高度為137.5m，塔頂直徑為90m，塔的最小直徑(喉部直徑)為60m，喉部標(biāo)高112.5m，試建立適當(dāng)?shù)淖鴺?biāo)系，求出此雙曲線的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程（精確到1m）解:設(shè)雙曲線的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程為 ，如圖所示：為喉部直徑，故 ，故雙曲線方程為 .而 的橫坐標(biāo)為塔頂直徑的一半即 ，其縱坐標(biāo)為塔的總高度與喉部標(biāo)高的差即 ，故 ，故 ，所以 ，故雙曲線方程為 .例5．已知點 到定點 的距離和它到定直線l: 的距離的比是 ，則點 的軌跡方程為?解：設(shè)點 ，由題知, ，即 .整理得： .請你將例5與橢圓一節(jié)中的例6比較，你有什么發(fā)現(xiàn)？例6、 過雙曲線 的右焦點F2,傾斜角為30度的直線交雙曲線于A,B兩點,求|AB|.分析:求弦長問題有兩種方法:法一:如果交點坐標(biāo)易求,可直接用兩點間距離公式代入求弦長;法二:但有時為了簡化計算,常設(shè)而不求,運用韋達(dá)定理來處理.解：由雙曲線的方程得，兩焦點分別為F1(-3,0),F2(3,0).因為直線AB的傾斜角是30°，且直線經(jīng)過右焦點F2，所以，直線AB的方程為
雙曲線及其標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程教學(xué)設(shè)計人教A版高中數(shù)學(xué)選擇性必修第一冊
∵在△EFP中,|EF|=2c,EF上的高為點P的縱坐標(biāo),∴S△EFP=4/3c2=12,∴c=3,即P點坐標(biāo)為(5,4).由兩點間的距離公式|PE|=√("(" 5+3")" ^2+4^2 )=4√5,|PF|=√("(" 5"-" 3")" ^2+4^2 )=2√5,∴a=√5.又b2=c2-a2=4,故所求雙曲線的方程為x^2/5-y^2/4=1.5.求適合下列條件的雙曲線的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程.(1)兩個焦點的坐標(biāo)分別是(-5,0),(5,0),雙曲線上的點與兩焦點的距離之差的絕對值等于8;(2)以橢圓x^2/8+y^2/5=1長軸的端點為焦點,且經(jīng)過點(3,√10);(3)a=b,經(jīng)過點(3,-1).解:(1)由雙曲線的定義知,2a=8,所以a=4,又知焦點在x軸上,且c=5,所以b2=c2-a2=25-16=9,所以雙曲線的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程為x^2/16-y^2/9=1.(2)由題意得,雙曲線的焦點在x軸上,且c=2√2.設(shè)雙曲線的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程為x^2/a^2 -y^2/b^2 =1(a>0,b>0),則有a2+b2=c2=8,9/a^2 -10/b^2 =1,解得a2=3,b2=5.故所求雙曲線的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程為x^2/3-y^2/5=1.(3)當(dāng)焦點在x軸上時,可設(shè)雙曲線方程為x2-y2=a2,將點(3,-1)代入,得32-(-1)2=a2,所以a2=b2=8.因此,所求的雙曲線的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程為x^2/8-y^2/8=1.當(dāng)焦點在y軸上時,可設(shè)雙曲線方程為y2-x2=a2,將點(3,-1)代入,得(-1)2-32=a2,a2=-8,不可能,所以焦點不可能在y軸上.綜上,所求雙曲線的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程為x^2/8-y^2/8=1.
橢圓的簡單幾何性質(zhì)（1）教學(xué)設(shè)計人教A版高中數(shù)學(xué)選擇性必修第一冊
1.判斷 (1)橢圓x^2/a^2 +y^2/b^2 =1(a>b>0)的長軸長是a. ( )(2)若橢圓的對稱軸為坐標(biāo)軸,長軸長與短軸長分別為10,8,則橢圓的方程為x^2/25+y^2/16=1. ( )(3)設(shè)F為橢圓x^2/a^2 +y^2/b^2 =1(a>b>0)的一個焦點,M為其上任一點,則|MF|的最大值為a+c(c為橢圓的半焦距). ( )答案:(1)× (2)× (3)√ 2.已知橢圓C:x^2/a^2 +y^2/4=1的一個焦點為(2,0),則C的離心率為( )A.1/3 B.1/2 C.√2/2 D.(2√2)/3解析:∵a2=4+22=8,∴a=2√2.∴e=c/a=2/(2√2)=√2/2.故選C.答案:C 三、典例解析例1已知橢圓C1:x^2/100+y^2/64=1,設(shè)橢圓C2與橢圓C1的長軸長、短軸長分別相等,且橢圓C2的焦點在y軸上.(1)求橢圓C1的半長軸長、半短軸長、焦點坐標(biāo)及離心率;(2)寫出橢圓C2的方程,并研究其性質(zhì).解:(1)由橢圓C1:x^2/100+y^2/64=1,可得其半長軸長為10,半短軸長為8,焦點坐標(biāo)為(6,0),(-6,0),離心率e=3/5.(2)橢圓C2:y^2/100+x^2/64=1.性質(zhì)如下:①范圍:-8≤x≤8且-10≤y≤10;②對稱性:關(guān)于x軸、y軸、原點對稱;③頂點:長軸端點(0,10),(0,-10),短軸端點(-8,0),(8,0);④焦點:(0,6),(0,-6);⑤離心率:e=3/5.
橢圓的簡單幾何性質(zhì)（2）教學(xué)設(shè)計人教A版高中數(shù)學(xué)選擇性必修第一冊
二、典例解析例5. 如圖，一種電影放映燈的反射鏡面是旋轉(zhuǎn)橢圓面（橢圓繞其對稱軸旋轉(zhuǎn)一周形成的曲面）的一部分。過對稱軸的截口 ABC是橢圓的一部分，燈絲位于橢圓的一個焦點F_1上，片門位另一個焦點F_2上，由橢圓一個焦點F_1 發(fā)出的光線，經(jīng)過旋轉(zhuǎn)橢圓面反射后集中到另一個橢圓焦點F_2，已知 〖BC⊥F_1 F〗_2，|F_1 B|=2.8cm, |F_1 F_2 |=4.5cm,試建立適當(dāng)?shù)钠矫嬷苯亲鴺?biāo)系，求截口ABC所在的橢圓方程(精確到0.1cm)典例解析解：建立如圖所示的平面直角坐標(biāo)系，設(shè)所求橢圓方程為x^2/a^2 +y^2/b^2 =1 (a>b>0) 在Rt ΔBF_1 F_2中,|F_2 B|= √(|F_1 B|^2+|F_1 F_2 |^2 )=√(〖2.8〗^2 〖+4.5〗^2 ) 有橢圓的性質(zhì) , |F_1 B|+|F_2 B|=2 a, 所以a=1/2(|F_1 B|+|F_2 B|)=1/2(2.8+√(〖2.8〗^2 〖+4.5〗^2 )) ≈4.1b= √(a^2 〖-c〗^2 ) ≈3.4所以所求橢圓方程為x^2/〖4.1〗^2 +y^2/〖3.4〗^2 =1 利用橢圓的幾何性質(zhì)求標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程的思路1．利用橢圓的幾何性質(zhì)求橢圓的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程時，通常采用待定系數(shù)法，其步驟是：(1)確定焦點位置；(2)設(shè)出相應(yīng)橢圓的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程(對于焦點位置不確定的橢圓可能有兩種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程)；(3)根據(jù)已知條件構(gòu)造關(guān)于參數(shù)的關(guān)系式，利用方程(組)求參數(shù)，列方程(組)時常用的關(guān)系式有b2＝a2－c2等．
用空間向量研究距離、夾角問題（1）教學(xué)設(shè)計人教A版高中數(shù)學(xué)選擇性必修第一冊
二、探究新知一、點到直線的距離、兩條平行直線之間的距離1.點到直線的距離已知直線l的單位方向向量為μ,A是直線l上的定點,P是直線l外一點.設(shè)(AP) ?=a,則向量(AP) ?在直線l上的投影向量(AQ) ?=(a·μ)μ.點P到直線l的距離為PQ=√(a^2 "-(" a"·" μ")" ^2 ).2.兩條平行直線之間的距離求兩條平行直線l,m之間的距離,可在其中一條直線l上任取一點P,則兩條平行直線間的距離就等于點P到直線m的距離.點睛：點到直線的距離,即點到直線的垂線段的長度,由于直線與直線外一點確定一個平面,所以空間點到直線的距離問題可轉(zhuǎn)化為空間某一個平面內(nèi)點到直線的距離問題.1.已知正方體ABCD-A1B1C1D1的棱長為2,E,F分別是C1C,D1A1的中點,則點A到直線EF的距離為 . 答案: √174/6解析:如圖,以點D為原點,DA,DC,DD1所在直線分別為x軸、y軸、z軸建立空間直角坐標(biāo)系,則A(2,0,0),E(0,2,1),F(1,0,2),(EF) ?=(1,-2,1),
用空間向量研究直線、平面的位置關(guān)系（1）教學(xué)設(shè)計人教A版高中數(shù)學(xué)選擇性必修第一冊
二、探究新知一、空間中點、直線和平面的向量表示1.點的位置向量在空間中,我們?nèi)∫欢cO作為基點,那么空間中任意一點P就可以用向量(OP) ?來表示.我們把向量(OP) ?稱為點P的位置向量.如圖.2.空間直線的向量表示式如圖①,a是直線l的方向向量,在直線l上取(AB) ?=a,設(shè)P是直線l上的任意一點,則點P在直線l上的充要條件是存在實數(shù)t,使得(AP) ?=ta,即(AP) ?=t(AB) ?.如圖②,取定空間中的任意一點O,可以得到點P在直線l上的充要條件是存在實數(shù)t,使(OP) ?=(OA) ?+ta, ①或(OP) ?=(OA) ?+t(AB) ?. ②①式和②式都稱為空間直線的向量表示式.由此可知,空間任意直線由直線上一點及直線的方向向量唯一確定.1.下列說法中正確的是( )A.直線的方向向量是唯一的B.與一個平面的法向量共線的非零向量都是該平面的法向量C.直線的方向向量有兩個D.平面的法向量是唯一的答案:B 解析:由平面法向量的定義可知,B項正確.
用空間向量研究直線、平面的位置關(guān)系（2）教學(xué)設(shè)計人教A版高中數(shù)學(xué)選擇性必修第一冊
跟蹤訓(xùn)練1在正方體ABCD-A1B1C1D1中,E為AC的中點.求證:(1)BD1⊥AC;(2)BD1⊥EB1.(2)∵(BD_1 ) ?=(-1,-1,1),(EB_1 ) ?=(1/2 "," 1/2 "," 1),∴(BD_1 ) ?·(EB_1 ) ?=(-1)×1/2+(-1)×1/2+1×1=0,∴(BD_1 ) ?⊥(EB_1 ) ?,∴BD1⊥EB1.證明:以D為原點,DA,DC,DD1所在直線分別為x軸、y軸、z軸,建立如圖所示的空間直角坐標(biāo)系.設(shè)正方體的棱長為1,則B(1,1,0),D1(0,0,1),A(1,0,0),C(0,1,0),E(1/2 "," 1/2 "," 0),B1(1,1,1).(1)∵(BD_1 ) ?=(-1,-1,1),(AC) ?=(-1,1,0),∴(BD_1 ) ?·(AC) ?=(-1)×(-1)+(-1)×1+1×0=0.∴(BD_1 ) ?⊥(AC) ?,∴BD1⊥AC.例2在棱長為1的正方體ABCD-A1B1C1D1中,E,F,M分別為棱AB,BC,B1B的中點.求證:D1M⊥平面EFB1.思路分析一種思路是不建系,利用基向量法證明(D_1 M) ?與平面EFB1內(nèi)的兩個不共線向量都垂直,從而根據(jù)線面垂直的判定定理證得結(jié)論;另一種思路是建立空間直角坐標(biāo)系,通過坐標(biāo)運算證明(D_1 M) ?與平面EFB1內(nèi)的兩個不共線向量都垂直;還可以在建系的前提下,求得平面EFB1的法向量,然后說明(D_1 M) ?與法向量共線,從而證得結(jié)論.證明:(方法1)因為E,F,M分別為棱AB,BC,B1B的中點,所以(D_1 M) ?=(D_1 B_1 ) ?+(B_1 M) ?=(DA) ?+(DC) ?+1/2 (B_1 B) ?,而(B_1 E) ?=(B_1 B) ?+(BE) ?=(B_1 B) ?-1/2 (DC) ?,于是(D_1 M) ?·(B_1 E) ?=((DA) ?+(DC) ?+1/2 (B_1 B) ?)·((B_1 B) ?-1/2 (DC) ?)=0-0+0-1/2+1/2-1/4×0=0,因此(D_1 M) ?⊥(B_1 E) ?.同理(D_1 M) ?⊥(B_1 F) ?,又因為(B_1 E) ?,(B_1 F) ?不共線,因此D1M⊥平面EFB1.
新人教版高中英語選修2Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land教學(xué)設(shè)計
當(dāng)孩子們由父母陪同時，他們才被允許進入這個運動場。3．過去分詞(短語)作狀語時的幾種特殊情況(1)過去分詞(短語)在句中作時間、條件、原因、讓步狀語時，相當(dāng)于對應(yīng)的時間、條件、原因及讓步狀語從句。Seen from the top of the mountain (＝When it is seen from the top of the mountain), the whole town looks more beautiful.從山頂上看，整個城市看起來更美了。Given ten more minutes (＝If we are given ten more minutes), we will finish the work perfectly.如果多給十分鐘，我們會完美地完成這項工作。Greatly touched by his words (＝Because she was greatly touched by his words), she was full of tears.由于被他的話深深地感動，她滿眼淚花。Warned of the storm (＝Though they were warned of the storm), the farmers were still working on the farm.盡管被警告了風(fēng)暴的到來，但農(nóng)民們?nèi)栽谵r(nóng)場干活。(2)過去分詞(短語)在句中作伴隨、方式等狀語時，可改為句子的并列謂語或改為并列分句。The teacher came into the room, followed by two students (＝and was followed by two students)．后面跟著兩個學(xué)生，老師走進了房間。He spent the whole afternoon, accompanied by his mom(＝and was accompanied by his mom)．他由母親陪著度過了一整個下午。