1. 完成文本主要信息填空(斜體字部分設(shè)空):As a witness to farmers’ poor harvests and even a severe shortage of food, Yuan Longping was determined to devote his life to tackling this crisis. After graduation, he realized that what farmers needed most was to boost yields in the fields. Yuan was convinced that the answer lay in the creation of hybrid rice, one characteristic of which is that it usually achieve higher output than conventional crops. However, it was no easy job. The first difficulty he needed to overcome was scientists’ general assumption that this could not be done. Through trial and error, Yuan managed to generate this incredible crop. It is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China was comprised of crops generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains. His innovation has enabled Chinese farmers to considerably expand their output and helped feed the world. Unwilling to retire early to a life of leisure and unconcerned about celebrity or fortune, Yuan continues to turn one vision after another into realities.2. 模仿寫作:Do some research via the Internet and introduce another agricultural scientist, Chen Risheng(陳日勝), using the structure, expressions and writing techniques you have learnt from the text “A Pioneer for All People”.【設(shè)計(jì)意圖】任務(wù)1是對文本內(nèi)容和詞匯學(xué)習(xí)成效的檢測。任務(wù)2借助文本中學(xué)到的詞匯和寫作手法仿寫另一位科學(xué)家,提升學(xué)生遷移運(yùn)用詞匯、文體結(jié)構(gòu)和寫作方法的能力。
[2] An important breakthrough…was… [3] Another innovation was … [4] the emphasis increasingly shifted from…to… [5] New ideas and values gradually replaced… [6] While his paintings still had religious themes… … T: All these expressions serve to show how Western painting has developed. Some of them share similar structure but with varied use of words, which makes the text vivid and more readable. 【設(shè)計(jì)意圖】主題類語言整理有助于學(xué)生類化語言應(yīng)用,提高語言輸出的豐富性。處理完文本內(nèi)容信息后,進(jìn)入語篇信息處理,進(jìn)行主題相關(guān)的詞塊歸類。引導(dǎo)學(xué)生快速閱讀,尋找表達(dá)相同主題(發(fā)展或者藝術(shù))的詞和短語,再根據(jù)詞性、用法和結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行歸類,儲(chǔ)備主題相關(guān)詞匯,豐富語言儲(chǔ)備,提升語言素養(yǎng)。 Assignment: Go online to gather more information about Chinese painting and write a short history of it. 【設(shè)計(jì)意圖】結(jié)合所學(xué),遷移運(yùn)用,根據(jù)實(shí)際語境,進(jìn)行模仿性運(yùn)用。在此過程中,學(xué)生嘗試借鑒已學(xué)的語言、內(nèi)容、語篇結(jié)構(gòu)和寫作手法來建構(gòu)新文本,實(shí)現(xiàn)語篇輸出,同時(shí)關(guān)注中西藝術(shù)文化的差別,加深對優(yōu)秀文化的認(rèn)同,培養(yǎng)文化意識。
Activity 4: Figuring out the structure and the writing purpose 本活動(dòng)為實(shí)現(xiàn)課時(shí)目標(biāo)2。 1.Read Paragraph 6 and think about its main idea and the writer’s writing purpose. Q1: If you were the author, how would you end your article? “For young people, there is plenty of time to change bad habits. However, there is no “magic pill” or delete button that will help you; you have to think about your bad habits and decide on some changes. You have the power to build a happy and healthy life full of good habits!” Q2: What is Paragraph 6 mainly about? (Possible answer: to appeal to young people including teenagers to change bad habits and live a happy and healthy life.) 2.Think about the writer’s writing purpose and share opinions. Q1: What is the writing purpose? Work in pairs and figure it out. (Possible answer: On the one hand, the passage is written to help teenagers change their bad habits and live a healthy lifestyle. On the other hand, it provides us with a scientific way to identify and analyse our problems objectively, thus strengthening our resolve to tackle the seemingly common yet tough problems in our lives.) 【設(shè)計(jì)意圖】 步驟1旨在預(yù)測和驗(yàn)證文章最后一段主要內(nèi)容,梳理完整的語篇結(jié)構(gòu),步驟2旨在思考和討論作者的寫作目的。教師也可根據(jù)學(xué)生課堂反應(yīng)情況融入對語篇人稱多次轉(zhuǎn)換的思考。
本活動(dòng)旨在落實(shí)課時(shí)目標(biāo)3。 The Student Union is looking for three students for a 3-week voluntary program in Guizhou province. The volunteers have got to be high school students, with a persevering personality and experiences in overcoming adversity. The volunteers need to stay, eat and teach with 20 pupils in a small school up on the hill of a village. There are no facilities but desks and a blackboard in the school. And there is no take-away food to be bought anywhere; the only way to feed yourself is to cook. You’re interested in applying. Write your application letter introducing what adversity you have ever overcome and how persevering you are as well as what you want to do when at work. Dear Student Union,【設(shè)計(jì)意圖】此任務(wù)旨在遷移一、二課時(shí)所學(xué),解決實(shí)際問題。學(xué)生對比自己經(jīng)歷過的挑戰(zhàn)或挫折,寫信給學(xué)生會(huì)申請前往貴州擔(dān)任短期支教教師,把個(gè)人以前是怎么戰(zhàn)勝挫折的經(jīng)過書寫出來。結(jié)合所學(xué),遷移創(chuàng)新,分析解決自身實(shí)際問題,在真實(shí)情境中學(xué)生通過仿寫進(jìn)行主題語言的精確輸出。完成任務(wù)的過程中,能較多地使用已學(xué)語言、內(nèi)容、結(jié)構(gòu)和寫作手法來描述自己面對挫折的處理方式、態(tài)度和應(yīng)有的品質(zhì),近一步激發(fā)學(xué)生樹立正確的價(jià)值觀,學(xué)會(huì)逆境出人才,堅(jiān)忍不拔,從容不迫,又做到謙讓、分享和合作。課后學(xué)生修正習(xí)作,再次提交。
本單元閱讀文本向中學(xué)生推薦職業(yè)能力測試(Career Aptitude Test),旨在建議學(xué)生利用職業(yè)傾向測試來發(fā)現(xiàn)自己更感興趣、更有潛力的學(xué)習(xí)或職業(yè)方向,并規(guī)劃自己的未來職業(yè)。 本文采用了建議性文本,全篇從職業(yè)生涯的重要意義講起,針對中學(xué)生對職業(yè)規(guī)劃比較迷茫的現(xiàn)狀,提出了職業(yè)傾向測試這一建議。全文共七段,其中第一段和第二段為第一部分,其余五段為第二部分。第一部分論述職業(yè)的重要性和職業(yè)生涯規(guī)劃的最佳時(shí)間是在校期間,第二部分提出解決職業(yè)選擇困惑可以通過完成職業(yè)能力測試,介紹了不同種類的職業(yè)傾向測試,結(jié)合圖表詳細(xì)說明其中一種操作步驟,并提醒職業(yè)建議也基于學(xué)歷和經(jīng)驗(yàn),最后一段概括論述,建議學(xué)生通過職業(yè)能力測試這一有效的工具,找到自己真正熱愛的事物。 在文本教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)時(shí),要幫助學(xué)生梳理有關(guān)職業(yè)的話題語言。閱讀策略層面,指導(dǎo)學(xué)生通過學(xué)習(xí)圖表和圖形,在有限的空間內(nèi)獲取廣泛信息,如閱讀圖表標(biāo)題,圖表上的標(biāo)簽,X軸Y軸上的數(shù)據(jù)所指。
【設(shè)計(jì)意圖】 基于上述分析,學(xué)生總結(jié)新聞故事語篇類型的特征,即標(biāo)題的省略性、導(dǎo)語的概括性、數(shù)據(jù)的支撐性和引語的重要性。在此過程中,學(xué)生對新聞故事語篇類型有了更深層次的了解,對于學(xué)生閱讀和寫作具有重要意義。Activity 7: Discussing to make a writing outline.本活動(dòng)為實(shí)現(xiàn)課時(shí)目標(biāo)3。1.Discuss and make an outline.Ask students to discuss in groups of four and make their own writing outline.To celebrate the 70th anniversary of the People’s Republic of China, our school newspaper starts a new column about “People of Achievement”. You plan to write a news story about one of the winners of the Medal of the Republic in 2019, including Yu Min, Shen Jilan, Sun Jiadong, Li Yannian, Zhang Fuqing, Yuan Longping, Huang Xuhua and Tu Youyou.【設(shè)計(jì)意圖】 教師創(chuàng)設(shè)情境,即為慶祝新中國成立70周年,校報(bào)新增有關(guān)卓有成就人物的欄目,你將從共和國勛章獲得者中,選擇一位寫一篇新聞故事,向該欄目投稿。學(xué)生以小組合作形式,展開討論,并寫出新聞故事框架,有助于學(xué)生課后收集人物信息,撰寫新聞故事。
【設(shè)計(jì)意圖】以“新科技是一把雙刃劍”為主題開展討論活動(dòng)。這個(gè)話題比較大,所以給了一定的限制,首先需要以智能家居為例來闡述科技發(fā)展對未來生活產(chǎn)生的影響,然后列舉其優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn),最后就以上現(xiàn)象發(fā)表自己的觀點(diǎn)。這個(gè)活動(dòng)是對整個(gè)文本的創(chuàng)意性總結(jié)與意義的升華,留給學(xué)生一定的想象空間,學(xué)生借此機(jī)會(huì)可以運(yùn)用文本內(nèi)容和語言表達(dá)自己對科技發(fā)展的看法和態(tài)度。Assignments:1. Finish Exercise 4 on Page 15 of the textbook.A smart home is one that integrated computers into the structure of the building itself. In this way, many of the things that we now do ourselves become automatic. For example, the smart home could control the air conditioning and lights so that you would no longer have to turn switches on and off, and so that your home would be more energy-efficient. The smart home could also monitor itself to make sure that everything is working as it should, and send you warnings if there is a problem. Such smart homes could even be programmed to detect your health problems, and then give you reasonable advice as to the food you should eat or if you should see a doctor. So, in a sense, smart homes will lead us to living smarter lives.2.Create a smart function for your home, and share your creation in the next period.
本活動(dòng)旨在落實(shí)課時(shí)教學(xué)目標(biāo)2。 1.Think, discuss and share. Students form groups of 4, discuss about the given ending make comments. Q1: Do you like the ending? Q2: Was it a logical ending? Why so or why not? [設(shè)計(jì)意圖]通過引導(dǎo)學(xué)生思考、討論、評價(jià),比較個(gè)人、同伴所預(yù)測的結(jié)局和聽力文本所給定的結(jié)局的異同點(diǎn),深化對文本的認(rèn)知,發(fā)展學(xué)生的評判性思維能力。 Activity 4: Exploring Asimov’s three laws of robotics and the purpose of the writing 本活動(dòng)旨在落實(shí)課時(shí)教學(xué)目標(biāo)3。 1. Get to know Isaac Asimov’s three laws of robotics. The teacher shares Isaac Asimov’s three laws of robotics. The three laws state that: ①A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm. ②A robot must obey any orders given to it by human beings, except where such orders would conflict with the First Law. ③A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law. Q: How does Tony’s story relate to the laws? 2. Figure out Isaac Asimov’s purpose of writing Satisfaction Guaranteed. The students express their opinions about the author’s writing purpose. Q: Why did Isaac Asimov write such a story? S: To explore the relationship between robots and humans. [設(shè)計(jì)意圖]通過了解艾薩克·阿西莫夫所制定的機(jī)器人三大定律,加深學(xué)生對文本的理解,深入探究文本的主題意義。推理作者的寫作目的,聯(lián)系生活實(shí)際,思考人類與機(jī)器人的關(guān)系。
本單元閱讀文本介紹了幾種簡單的英語詩歌形式,旨在讓學(xué)生能理解和欣賞英語詩歌的美,包括形式美、內(nèi)容美、意義美,培養(yǎng)審美情趣,并從作品的意義美中獲得積極的人生態(tài)度和價(jià)值觀念啟示。 該文本是一則典型的說明性文本,用簡單易懂的語言向英語詩歌的初學(xué)者們介紹了五種比較簡單的英語詩歌形式。文題“A Few Simple Forms of English Poems”是整個(gè)文本的核心話題。正文內(nèi)容共七段,按“總—分—總”建構(gòu)。第一段為總起段,概述了英語詩歌的創(chuàng)作原因以及主要特點(diǎn),涉及了形式、內(nèi)容、意義等方面賞析英語詩歌的幾個(gè)主要維度;第二段至第六段分別介紹了童謠、清單詩、五行詩、俳句和唐詩五種英語詩歌形式;第七段收尾,鼓勵(lì)讀者嘗試英語詩歌創(chuàng)作。 在進(jìn)行文本教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)時(shí),要引導(dǎo)學(xué)生梳理關(guān)于與詩歌要素和詩歌賞析有關(guān)的話題類語言,既包括format、rhythm、subject、image等名詞,也包括have a strong rhythm、be made up of、contain、consist of、convey這樣的動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語。
幫助學(xué)生通過討論與對主題的提升,反思自己的旅游方式,以便做出更優(yōu)化的安排,在今后的旅程中有更多的收益。 Activity 2: Further discussion of the 6 elements above and supplement of more background knowledge 本活動(dòng)為實(shí)現(xiàn)課時(shí)教學(xué)目標(biāo)2。 1.Target Q: The writer’s clear target of traveling, meeting the people and experiencing the culture, is closely related to his major in social studies. Then what is social studies? Social studies is a part of a school or college curriculum concerned with the study of social relationships and the functioning of society and usually made up of courses in history, government, economics, civics, sociology, geography, and anthropology. (Dictionary by Merriam-Webster) Reflection: When you go out to travel, what targets do you usually have in mind? 2.Research Q: Suppose you are traveling to Hangzhou during the school holidays, how will you do research on the city? (surf the internet, read books or travel brochures, consult friends, ...) What information will you be interested to know? (location, iconic sites, local cuisines, interesting customs, shopping malls ...) 3.Abandonment To make the most of time, we have to learn to abandon so that we can accomplish our plan. What will you be interested in doing if you go to Hangzhou if you have a week’s time? What if you only have 2 days? 4~5. Venturing & Experiencing Q: What did he venture to do during the trip? What new experiences did he have? In Sydney: attend his first open-air barbecue, enjoy many different but yummy meals In Catherine: observe the life and customs of the aborigines appreciate their music & try the musical instruments: the didgeridoo
本活動(dòng)旨在落實(shí)課時(shí)目標(biāo)3。 Think about the following questions and talk about your own attitude in pairs.Q1: As for this topic,what impresses you the most in the passage?Q2: What do you think of the future of China’s further exploration in sea? Are you in favor of the further exploration?Why or why not? 【設(shè)計(jì)意圖】該活動(dòng)是一個(gè)完全開放性的活動(dòng),每個(gè)學(xué)生都會(huì)有不同的答案。運(yùn)用遷移所學(xué),自由口頭表達(dá)自己對海洋探索的態(tài)度。對于中國海洋探索的未來,每個(gè)人的想法是不一樣的,有樂觀,有擔(dān)憂,有認(rèn)為值得投入,也有認(rèn)為不值得付出太大代價(jià),這里給學(xué)生自由表達(dá)的空間只要學(xué)會(huì)有支撐自己觀點(diǎn)的事實(shí)就可以了,進(jìn)一步培養(yǎng)學(xué)生批判性思維和正確的價(jià)值觀。 Assignment: 此任務(wù)旨在遷移一、二課時(shí)所學(xué),培養(yǎng)學(xué)生辯證分析問題的能力。 Write about your idea of the future of China’s sea exploration. And add your attitude towards the effort China have made in sea exploration. You’re expected to use the language and the writing technique learnt in the passage.
【核心素養(yǎng)提升點(diǎn)】學(xué)會(huì)將抽象信息進(jìn)行可視化表達(dá),提高信息處理能力和分析、推理等高階思維品質(zhì);在跨文化交際中學(xué)會(huì)以國際視野接受和包容不同的文化。 5.Read Paragraph 2, draw a mind map and answer the questions. Q1:What did Jo learn about Tombe’s life? Q2:What kind of life do the natives lead? Read paragraph 2-5 and draw a mind-map. (Focus on accommodation, possession, diet and belief) 【設(shè)計(jì)意圖】引導(dǎo)學(xué)生利用思維導(dǎo)圖和問題鏈等形式來厘清當(dāng)?shù)厝说纳罘绞?,更好地處理和歸納信息 【核心素養(yǎng)提升點(diǎn)】提高信息處理能力、分析和歸納能力,包容異國文化、擴(kuò)展國際視野。 6.Read Paragraph 3 and answer the questions. Q1:What was Jo’s feeling upon arriving her own home? Q2:Why would she feel that way? Q3:Do you think “It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombe’s family”? 【設(shè)計(jì)意圖】通過提問,讓學(xué)生理解Jo的苦并快樂的心情,并通過對“It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombe’s family”這句話的理解,體驗(yàn)志愿者生活的偉大。 【核心素養(yǎng)提升點(diǎn)】學(xué)會(huì)對信息的綜合和歸納,從而理解作者所表達(dá)的觀點(diǎn)。 Activity4: Summarize the change of Jo's feelings
2.把握朗讀節(jié)奏。示例:舜/發(fā)于/畎畝之中,傅說/舉于/版筑之間,膠鬲/舉于/魚鹽之中,管夷吾/舉于/士,孫叔敖/舉于/海,百里奚/舉于/市。故/天將降大任/于是人也,必先/苦/其心志,勞/其筋骨,餓/其體膚,空乏/其身,行/拂/亂/其所為,所以/動(dòng)心/忍性,曾益/其所不能。3.反復(fù)朗讀,并結(jié)合課文注釋,感知文義。4.教師引導(dǎo)梳理文章大意,梳理文言現(xiàn)象?!就僮帧吭嫫渌荒?曾,同“增”,增加)衡于慮(衡,同“橫”,梗塞、不順)入則無法家拂士(拂,同“弼”,輔佐)【使動(dòng)用法】必先苦其心志(使……痛苦)勞其筋骨(使……勞累)餓其體膚(使……饑餓)目標(biāo)導(dǎo)學(xué)二:把握論點(diǎn),理清論證思路1.文章開頭列舉了六個(gè)人物,他們的共同點(diǎn)是什么?明確:他們的共同點(diǎn):都出身卑微,歷經(jīng)苦難磨煉,最終都被提拔任用,有所作為。
一、導(dǎo)入新課有這樣一個(gè)人,他少有大志,以管仲、晏嬰等名相自期,想輔佐帝王,成就偉業(yè),“使寰區(qū)大定,??h清一”。即使退而求其次,也要像他的鄉(xiāng)人司馬相如、揚(yáng)雄那樣,以一篇辭賦文章一鳴驚人,為天子所用。他二十四歲離開蜀地,“仗劍去國,辭親遠(yuǎn)游”,漂泊大半生,直到四十二歲才奉詔供奉翰林,兩年以后又不容于朝,被迫出京。這個(gè)人就是李白。今天我們來學(xué)習(xí)他的代表作《行路難》(其一),感受詩人李白的浪漫主義風(fēng)格。二、教學(xué)新課目標(biāo)導(dǎo)學(xué)一:認(rèn)識作者,了解寫作背景作者簡介:李白,字太白,號青蓮居士。中國唐朝詩人,有“詩仙”之稱。年輕時(shí)漫游全國各地,曾經(jīng)至長安,供奉翰林,但不久遭讒去職。晚年漂泊東南一帶,最后病死于當(dāng)涂。其詩多強(qiáng)烈抨擊當(dāng)時(shí)的黑暗現(xiàn)實(shí),深切關(guān)懷時(shí)局安危,熱愛祖國山河,同情下層人民,鄙夷世俗,蔑視權(quán)貴;但也往往流露出一些飲酒求仙、放縱享樂的消極思想。他善于從民間吸取營養(yǎng),想象豐富奇特,風(fēng)格雄健奔放,色調(diào)瑰奇絢麗,是中國文學(xué)史上繼屈原之后偉大的浪漫主義詩人。
【教學(xué)提示】引導(dǎo)學(xué)生分析把握人物的性格特征,在理清人物性格之后,可分角色扮演,還原三顧茅廬情景。角色表演時(shí)注意引導(dǎo)學(xué)生表現(xiàn)出角色的獨(dú)特性格。目標(biāo)導(dǎo)學(xué)四:精彩段落研讀,解說“隆中對”內(nèi)容精讀“又立了一個(gè)時(shí)辰,孔明才醒……以成鼎足之勢,然后可圖中原也”,完成以下問題。1.請你結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容,說一說你對諸葛亮所吟的四句詩的理解。明確:“大夢誰先覺?平生我自知”暗示諸葛亮“未出茅廬,已知三分天下”的雄才大略,“草堂春睡足,窗外日遲遲”寫出了諸葛亮淡泊名利。這四句詩為下文故事情節(jié)的發(fā)展做了鋪墊。2.為什么作者安排通過劉備的視線寫諸葛亮的相貌?相貌描寫片段:玄德見孔明身長八尺,面如冠玉,頭戴綸巾,身披鶴氅,飄飄然有神仙之概。明確:一方面寫出諸葛亮氣宇軒昂,神異不凡,另一方面更加堅(jiān)定了劉備對諸葛亮的信任,確實(shí)有將相之才,又為下文的一再邀請做了鋪墊。
?目標(biāo)導(dǎo)學(xué)二:理解內(nèi)容,體會(huì)寫法 1.文章開頭一句“謝太傅寒雪日內(nèi)集,與兒女講論文義?!边@句話在全文中有什么作用? 涵蓋事件時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物及主體事件等豐富的內(nèi)容。正因?yàn)椤昂┤铡薄岸矶E”,才能引出“詠雪。2.“寒雪”“內(nèi)集”“欣然”“大笑”’等詞語營造了一種怎樣的家庭氛圍?營造了一種融洽、歡快、輕松的家庭氛圍。3.“詠雪”的過程中,文章特別記載了兩個(gè)人的詠,即用“撒鹽空中”和“柳絮因風(fēng)起”來比擬“大雪紛紛”,你對其中哪一個(gè)更欣賞?為什么?“柳絮因風(fēng)起”更好,因?yàn)榱醣塞}更像雪。給人以春天即將到來的感覺,意蘊(yùn)強(qiáng),有美感,這是“撒鹽空中”所缺乏的。“撒鹽空中”比喻了雪的顏色。 4.文章結(jié)尾交待了謝道韞的身份,有什么用意?謝太傅對兩人的答案未做評定,只是“大笑樂”而已,十分耐人尋味。作者也沒有表態(tài),卻在最后補(bǔ)充了道韞的身份,這是一個(gè)有力的暗示,表明他贊賞道韞的才氣。
我認(rèn)識圣陶先生是在成都,1941年春天的一個(gè)細(xì)雨蒙蒙的上午。那時(shí)候我在華西大學(xué)中國文化研究所工作,圣陶先生在四川省教育科學(xué)館工作。教育科學(xué)館計(jì)劃出一套供中學(xué)語文教師用的參考書。其中有一本《精讀指導(dǎo)舉隅》和一本《略讀指導(dǎo)舉隅》,是由圣陶先生和朱佩弦先生合作編寫的。計(jì)劃里邊還有一本講文法的書,圣陶先生從顧頡剛先生那里知道我曾經(jīng)在云南大學(xué)教過這門課,就來征求我的意見,能否答應(yīng)寫這樣一本書。我第一次見到圣陶先生,跟我想象中的“文學(xué)家”的形象全不一樣:一件舊棉袍,一把油紙雨傘,說話慢言細(xì)語,像一位老塾師。他說明來意之后,我答應(yīng)試試看。又隨便談了幾句關(guān)于語文教學(xué)的話,他就回去了。那時(shí)候圣陶先生從樂山搬來成都不久,住家和辦公都在郊外。過了幾天,他讓人送來一套正中書局的國文課本,供我寫書取用例句。
陶弘景隱居茅山時(shí)期,仍然關(guān)心社會(huì)的發(fā)展,希望社會(huì)穩(wěn)定,天下百姓都能安居樂業(yè)。梁武帝很感激陶弘景給予的有力支持,親提御毫,寫了一封情真意切的御詔,文曰:“山中何所有?卿何戀而不返?”盼望陶弘景出山輔政,重列朝班。然而陶弘景下定了不出山的決心,他先寫了一首詩,后畫了一幅畫作為回答。詩為《詔問山中何所有賦詩以答》:“山中何所有,嶺上多白云。只可自怡悅,不堪持贈(zèng)君?!碑嫷膬?nèi)容是:兩頭牛,一頭散放水草之間,自由自在;一頭套著金籠頭,被人用牛繩牽著,用牛鞭驅(qū)趕。梁武帝看了詩和畫,領(lǐng)會(huì)了他的用意,就不再強(qiáng)迫他出來做官了。但是“國家每有吉兇征討大事,無不前以咨詢”,故當(dāng)時(shí)人稱陶弘景為“山中宰相”。林語堂《蘇東坡傳》中這樣評價(jià)蘇軾
師:既然活得這么痛苦,為什么羅素說是“值得”的?預(yù)設(shè) (1)羅素胸懷廣闊,勇于擔(dān)當(dāng),要為解除天下百姓的苦難而活著,因此付出辛苦是值得的;(2)羅素不以苦為苦,而以苦為樂,因此痛苦的生活是值得的;(3)苦中伴隨著樂,例如愛情會(huì)帶來歡愉,同時(shí)征服了苦難也會(huì)產(chǎn)生勝利的喜悅,因此苦樂相伴的體驗(yàn)是值得的;(4)雖然羅素最終沒能減輕人類的不幸,甚至自己也深受其害,但畢竟努力過,奮斗過,這一切都是值得的。2.思維拓展師:像羅素一樣心憂天下的人還有很多,你想到了誰?課件出示:屈原:長太息以掩涕兮,哀民生之多艱。杜甫:安得廣廈千萬間,大庇天下寒士俱歡顏!范仲淹:先天下之憂而憂,后天下之樂而樂。阿諾德:“同情,使軟弱的人覺得這個(gè)世界溫柔,使堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的人覺得這個(gè)世界高尚?!薄瓗熜〗Y(jié):羅素追求愛情、知識、同情心,作為中學(xué)生的我們更應(yīng)該有自己的追求。我們的追求要有利于社會(huì)的發(fā)展,要符合社會(huì)的進(jìn)步要求,這樣,我們的追求才會(huì)更有意義?!驹O(shè)計(jì)意圖】設(shè)計(jì)此環(huán)節(jié),一是為了深化對本文的理解,二是讓學(xué)生思維拓展延伸,聯(lián)想更多與羅素類似同情人類苦難的人,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生正確的人生觀,用榜樣去影響學(xué)生?!景鍟O(shè)計(jì)】
【設(shè)計(jì)亮點(diǎn)】這是兩篇自讀文章,我們首先要明確統(tǒng)編教材“教讀課文”“自讀課文”“課外閱讀”“三位一體”的閱讀體系,其次要明確教讀和自讀的區(qū)別。教讀是教師引導(dǎo),運(yùn)用一定的閱讀策略和閱讀方法,完成閱讀任務(wù),達(dá)成閱讀目標(biāo)的一種閱讀學(xué)習(xí),目的是學(xué)“法”。自讀課以學(xué)生自主閱讀實(shí)踐為主線,是學(xué)生運(yùn)用在教讀中獲得的閱讀經(jīng)驗(yàn),自主閱讀,強(qiáng)化閱讀方法,沉淀為能力,目的是用“法”。所以自讀課文重在“導(dǎo)”,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生方法遷移、問題探究、多維批注、比較閱讀;引導(dǎo)學(xué)生用好旁批,啟發(fā)閱讀,寫好旁批,提高閱讀質(zhì)量;引導(dǎo)學(xué)生用好閱讀提示,自主閱讀、獨(dú)立閱讀,并盡可能向課外閱讀延伸,培養(yǎng)閱讀興趣和習(xí)慣。所以自讀課是聯(lián)結(jié)課內(nèi)與課外的重要紐帶,是實(shí)現(xiàn)學(xué)生素養(yǎng)提升的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)?!久尹c(diǎn)評】1.一代代的青年讀到冰心的書,懂得了愛:愛星星、愛大海、愛祖國,愛一切美好的事物。我希望年輕人都讀一點(diǎn)冰心的書,都有一顆真誠的愛心。(巴金)2.一顆善良美麗的星辰隕落了,而她的光芒,將永遠(yuǎn)留在幾代人的心里……(魏?。?/p>