(3)教師就黑板上的內(nèi)容和學生做對話練習,如:What does your mother do?Where does she work?How does she go to work?教師板書“Where does she work?”和“How does she go to work?”,示范朗讀,學生跟說。學生兩人一組根據(jù)黑板上的語言提示做對話練習。 (4)“看卡片,說句子”活動 教師面前放一摞單詞卡片,依次為:職業(yè)名稱卡片,工作地點卡片和交通方式卡片?;顒娱_始,教師隨意從第一摞卡片中抽取一張職業(yè)卡片,如:engineer,舉起來問:“What does your father do?”學生回答“He’s an engineer.”教師繼續(xù)抽取一張工作地點卡片,舉起來,如:Car company,問:“Where does he work?”學生說:“He works in a Car company.”教師再抽取一張交通方式卡片,如:bus,問:“How does he go to work?學生回答:“He go es to work by bus.”游戲進行幾輪后,可以請幾名學生輪流代替教師抽卡片,提問題。 (5)教師放本部分的錄音,學生跟讀。學生兩人一組讀課文對話。 (6)學生兩人一組做對話替換練習。 (7)教師指導學生書寫四會句子。 4.鞏固和延伸(Consolidation and ex tension) Group work
3. 新課呈現(xiàn)(Presentation) Let’s make (1)教師說:Miss White is making a book about her students. So she can remember them well.Who are the students? 請學生獨立或分小組朗讀四段短文,解釋學生不理解的句子,然后說:There are four pictures below. Would you like to help Miss/White glue the pictures? 教師知道學生完成圖文搭配的練習。 (2)教師發(fā)給每名學生一張鉛畫紙,說:Now please draw a picture of your best classmate. Then describe him or her.學生畫一副最要好的同學的肖像,并在傍邊配上對該同學的英語介紹。 學生上講臺介紹自己最要好的同學,請其他學生猜是誰,看誰說的生動又貼切,教師給予評價時注意強調(diào)第三人稱單數(shù)形式的使用。 Story time 教師向學生展示Story time部分的教學掛圖,指著最后一副圖中的Zoom 和 Zip說 Look at the picture. Zoom and Zip are sad. They are saying goodbye to each other. Now let’s see What happened. 學生同桌之間合作閱讀或是,然后教師提出問題Where is Zip going? Is this good news for zoom ? What grade is Zip going to be in? 教師放錄音,學生錄音跟讀故事,然后再分角色朗讀.
回答:She’s sad. She failed the math test.并板書:fail the math test。準備一張很糟的數(shù)學試卷,是學生了解語意。進一步教學其他短語a Chinese test, a English test,并 讓學生了解pass the Chinese test, pass the English test, pass the math test. (4)教師請學生扮演Sarah,師生對話如下: T: Hello! Sarah, how are you? You look sad today. Sarah: Yes, I failed the math test. 教師接著說:I’m sorry to hear that.讓學生理解意思。并引申出句子:I’m glad to hear that.讓學生分角色朗讀對話。 (5)Let’s check.讓學生看Sarah的表情,并讀兩篇對話,選出正確的答案。 (6)活動名稱:心理醫(yī)生 活動目的:操練句型“How are you? You look…”.學生間自由組合編排對話.通過對話對學生展開情感教學,讓學生理解健康的體魄和愉悅的心情的心情是一個人成功的重要因素,使學生形成良好的心理健康狀態(tài)。 活動過程:A: How are you? You look bored today. B: Yes. I failed my math test. A: I’m sorry to hear that. Believe yourself. Work hard. You can pass the text next time. (7)活動名稱:難忘時刻 活動目的:圍繞照片上的表情展開詢問和討論.操練句型 “How do you feel? How does she/he feel?
歸納:第一句正確。承認運動的絕對性。第二句錯誤。否認相對靜止的存在。3.課堂小結,強化認識(2—3分鐘)課堂小結,可以把課堂傳授的知識盡快地轉化為學生的素質(zhì);簡單扼要的課堂小結,可使學生更深刻地理解政治理論在實際生活中的應用,并且逐漸地培養(yǎng)學生具有良好的個性。人類社會是物質(zhì)世界長期發(fā)展的產(chǎn)物,世界的本質(zhì)是物質(zhì),世界的真正統(tǒng)一性就在于它的物質(zhì)性,物質(zhì)又是運動的,運動的形式多種多樣,運動又是物質(zhì)的運動,物質(zhì)和運動是不可分割的,運動和靜止既有區(qū)別又有聯(lián)系,物質(zhì)的運動是絕對的、無條件的和永恒的,而靜止是相對的、有條件的和暫時的。4.板書設計我比較注重直觀,系統(tǒng)的板書設計,還及時地體現(xiàn)教材中的知識點,以便于學生能夠理解掌握。
“最佳實踐者”活動凸顯了“尊重勞動”的理念。運用歷史唯物主義有關原理。說明為什么藥“尊重勞動”。(10分)參考答案:①生產(chǎn)方式是社會存在和發(fā)展的基礎,生產(chǎn)力是社會發(fā)展的最終決定力量,尊重勞動是尊重社會發(fā)展規(guī)律的必然要求;(3分)③人民群眾是歷史的創(chuàng)造者,尊重勞動是尊重人民群眾社會實踐主體地位的要求;(2分)④尊重勞動是以人民群眾利益為最高價值標準的必然要求;(2分)⑤勞動者的價值通過勞動實現(xiàn),尊重勞動是尊重實踐、提高勞動者積極性和創(chuàng)造性的必然要求。(3分)七、教學反思本節(jié)課教學目標明確,教學重點、難點設置恰當,教學過程詳略得當,教學過程流暢。教師充分利用時政熱點和生活故事,創(chuàng)設情景,使學生融入教學活動過程之中,充分發(fā)揮了學生的主體作用,在體驗中提高了認識能力和知識水平,促進了學生的理解能力、思維能力和解決問題的能力,促進了學生的發(fā)展。
Step 4 PracticeRead the conversation. Find out which words have been left out.Justin: Linlin, I’m going to Guizhou Province next month. I’m super excited! Any recommendations for places to visit?Linlin: Wow, cool! Guizhou is a province with a lot of cultural diversity. Places to visit...well, definitely the Huangguoshu Waterfall first.Justin: What’s special about the waterfall?Linlin: Well, have you ever heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West ?Justin: Yes, I have. Why ?Linlin: In the back of the waterfall, you will find a cave, which is the home of the Monkey King.Justin: Really? Cool! I’ll definitely check it out.Linlin:And I strongly recommend the ethnic minority villages. You’ll find Chinese culture is much more diverse than you thought.Justin:Sounds great, thanks.Answers:Justin: Linlin, I’m going to Guizhou Province next month. I’m super excited! Do you have any recommendations for places to visit?Linlin: Wow, that’s cool! Guizhou is a province with a lot of cultural diversity. What are some places to visit in Guizhou ? Well, definitely the Huangguoshu Waterfall is the first place to visit in Guizhou Province.Justin: What’s special about the waterfall?Linlin: Well, have you ever heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West ?Justin: Yes, I have heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West . Why do you ask if I have heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West?Linlin: In the back of the waterfall, you will find a cave, which is the home of the Monkey King from Journey to the West.Justin: That’s really true? It’s Cool! I’ll definitely check it out.Linlin:And I strongly recommend the ethnic minority villages on your trip to Guizhou Province. You’ll find Chinese culture is much more diverse than you thought it was.Justin:This all sounds great, thanks.
The topic of this part is “Describe a place with distinctive cultural identity”.This section focuses on Chinese culture by introducing Chinatown, whose purpose is to show the relationship between the Chinese culture and American culture. The Chinese culture in Chinatown is an important part of American culture. Chinatown is an important window of spreading Chinese culture and the spirit homeland of oversea Chinese, where foreigners can experience Chinese culture by themselves.Concretely, the title is “Welcome to Chinatown!”, from which we can know that the article aims at introducing Chinatown. The author used the “Introduction--Body Paragraph--Conclusion” to describe the people, language, architecture, business, famous food and drinks and people’s activities, which can be a centre for Chinese culture and shows its unique charm.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information.2. Learn the characteristics of writing and language.3. Learn to introduce your own town according to the text.4. Learn to correct others’ writing.1. Learn the characteristics of writing and language.2. Learn to introduce your own town according to the text.Step 1 Lead in ---Small talkIn the reading part, we mentioned the Chinatown of San Francisco. How much do you know about Chinatown of San Francisco ?Chinatown is a main living place for Chinese immigrants, where you can see many Chinese-style buildings, costumes, operas, restaurants, music and even hear Chinese.Step 2 Before reading ---Predict the contentWhat is the writer’s purpose of writing this text ? How do you know ?From the title(Welcome to Chinatown) and some key words from the text(tourist, visit, visitors, experience), we can know the purpose of the text is to introduce Chinatown and show the relationship between Chinese culture and American culture.
Discuss these questions in groups.Q1: Have you ever been to a place that has a diverse culture ? What do you think about the culture diversity ?One culturally diverse place that I have been to is Harbin, the capital city of Heilongjiang Province. I went there last year with my family to see the Ice and Snow Festival, and I was amazed at how the culture as different to most other Chinese cities. There is a big Russian influence there, with beautiful Russian architecture and lots of interesting restaurants. I learnt that Harbin is called “the Oriental Moscow” and that many Russians settled there to help build the railway over 100 years ago.Q2: What are the benefits and challenges of cultural diversity ?The benefits: People are able to experience a wide variety of cultures, making their lives more interesting, and it can deepen the feelings for our national culture, it is also helpful for us to learn about other outstanding culture, which helps improve the ability to respect others. The challenges: People may have trouble communicating or understanding each other, and it may lead to disappearance of some civilizations and even make some people think “The western moon is rounder than his own.”Step 7 Post reading---RetellComplete the passage according to the text.Today, I arrived back in San Francisco, and it feels good (1) _____(be) back in the city again. The city succeeded in (2)_________ (rebuild) itself after the earthquake that (3)________ (occur) in 1906, and I stayed in the Mission District, enjoying some delicious noodles mixed with cultures. In the afternoon, I headed to a local museum (4)____ showed the historical changes in California. During the gold rush, many Chinese arrived, and some opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown to earn a (5)_____ (live). Many others worked on (6)______ (farm), joined the gold rush, or went to build the railway that connected California to the east. The museum showed us (7)____ America was built by immigrants from (8)________ (difference) countries and cultures. In the evening, I went to Chinatown, and ate in a Cantonese restaurant that served food on (9)________(beauty) china plates. Tomorrow evening, I’m going to (10)__ jazz bar in the Richmond District. 答案:1. to be 2. rebuilding 3. occurred 4. that 5.living6. farms 7.how 8. different 9. beautiful 10. a
1. In Picture 1 and Picture 2, where do you think they are from? How do you know?From their wearings, we can know they are from ethnic minority of China--- Miao and Dong.Picture 1, they are playing their traditional instrument lusheng in their traditional costumes.Picture 2. the girls are Miao because they wear their traditional costumes and silver accessory.2. In Picture 3, can you find which village it is? What time is it in the picture?It is Dong village. It is at night. Step 2 While-listeningJustin met a new friend while traveling in Guizhou. Listen to their conversation and complete the summaries below.Part 1Justin and Wu Yue watched some Miao people play the lusheng. The instrument has a history of over 3,000 years and it is even mentioned in the oldest collection of Chinese poetry. Then they watched the lusheng dance. Justin wanted to buy some hand-made silver/traditional accessories as souvenirs. He was told that the price will depend on the percentage of silver. Part 2They will go to a pretty Dong minority village called Zhaoxing. they will see the drum towers and the wind and rain bridges. They may also see a performance of the Grand Song of the Dong people.Step 3 Post-listening---TalkingWork in groups. Imagine Justin is telling some friends about his trip to Guizhou. One of you is Justin and the rest of you are his friends. Ask Justin questions about his trip and experience. The following expressions may help you.
1.直線2x+y+8=0和直線x+y-1=0的交點坐標是( )A.(-9,-10) B.(-9,10) C.(9,10) D.(9,-10)解析:解方程組{■(2x+y+8=0"," @x+y"-" 1=0"," )┤得{■(x="-" 9"," @y=10"," )┤即交點坐標是(-9,10).答案:B 2.直線2x+3y-k=0和直線x-ky+12=0的交點在x軸上,則k的值為( )A.-24 B.24 C.6 D.± 6解析:∵直線2x+3y-k=0和直線x-ky+12=0的交點在x軸上,可設交點坐標為(a,0),∴{■(2a"-" k=0"," @a+12=0"," )┤解得{■(a="-" 12"," @k="-" 24"," )┤故選A.答案:A 3.已知直線l1:ax+y-6=0與l2:x+(a-2)y+a-1=0相交于點P,若l1⊥l2,則點P的坐標為 . 解析:∵直線l1:ax+y-6=0與l2:x+(a-2)y+a-1=0相交于點P,且l1⊥l2,∴a×1+1×(a-2)=0,解得a=1,聯(lián)立方程{■(x+y"-" 6=0"," @x"-" y=0"," )┤易得x=3,y=3,∴點P的坐標為(3,3).答案:(3,3) 4.求證:不論m為何值,直線(m-1)x+(2m-1)y=m-5都通過一定點. 證明:將原方程按m的降冪排列,整理得(x+2y-1)m-(x+y-5)=0,此式對于m的任意實數(shù)值都成立,根據(jù)恒等式的要求,m的一次項系數(shù)與常數(shù)項均等于零,故有{■(x+2y"-" 1=0"," @x+y"-" 5=0"," )┤解得{■(x=9"," @y="-" 4"." )┤
(1)幾何法它是利用圖形的幾何性質(zhì),如圓的性質(zhì)等,直接求出圓的圓心和半徑,代入圓的標準方程,從而得到圓的標準方程.(2)待定系數(shù)法由三個獨立條件得到三個方程,解方程組以得到圓的標準方程中三個參數(shù),從而確定圓的標準方程.它是求圓的方程最常用的方法,一般步驟是:①設——設所求圓的方程為(x-a)2+(y-b)2=r2;②列——由已知條件,建立關于a,b,r的方程組;③解——解方程組,求出a,b,r;④代——將a,b,r代入所設方程,得所求圓的方程.跟蹤訓練1.已知△ABC的三個頂點坐標分別為A(0,5),B(1,-2),C(-3,-4),求該三角形的外接圓的方程.[解] 法一:設所求圓的標準方程為(x-a)2+(y-b)2=r2.因為A(0,5),B(1,-2),C(-3,-4)都在圓上,所以它們的坐標都滿足圓的標準方程,于是有?0-a?2+?5-b?2=r2,?1-a?2+?-2-b?2=r2,?-3-a?2+?-4-b?2=r2.解得a=-3,b=1,r=5.故所求圓的標準方程是(x+3)2+(y-1)2=25.
環(huán)節(jié)四 課堂小結 鞏固知識本節(jié)課我采用線索性的板書,整個知識結構一目了然,為了充分發(fā)揮學生在課堂的主體地位,我將課堂小結交由學生完成,請學生根據(jù)課堂學習的內(nèi)容,結合我的板書設計來進行小結,以此來幫助教師在第一時間掌握學生學習信息的反饋,同時培養(yǎng)學生歸納分析能力、概括能力。環(huán)節(jié)五 情景回歸,情感升華我的實習指導老師告訴過我們,政治這一門學科要從生活中來到生活去,所以在課堂的最后以中菲黃巖島事件為材料背景,引導同學們思考:作為一名愛國青年請就如何解決這一問題向政府提出自己的建議和意見。以此培養(yǎng)學生對理論的實際運用能力,同時檢驗他們對知識的真正掌握情況,以此達到情感的升華,本節(jié)課,我根據(jù)建構主義理論,強調(diào)學生是學習的中心,學生是知識意義的主動建構者,是信息加工的主體,要強調(diào)學生在課堂中的參與性、以及探究性,不僅讓他們懂得知識,更讓他們相信知識,并且將知識融入到實踐當中去,最終達到知、情、意、行的統(tǒng)一。
情景導入:......運用情景營造氣氛,激發(fā)學生的求知欲望,幫助學生聯(lián)系現(xiàn)實問題,學習歷史,拉近歷史與現(xiàn)實的距離,引導學生關注時政熱點,關心國家大事。自主學習:組織學生閱讀課文,老師參與學生閱讀活動并板書知識結構。通過學生自主學習,培養(yǎng)學生自學能力,為進一步好好學習打下基礎。交流學習:學生自學以后,老師引導學生相互交流自學成果,學生自主提出問題,相互解答,從而達到生生互動、師生互動,在互動中學習,共同提高
1、教材分析 本課選自普通高中課程標準實驗教材,人民教育出版社歷史必修(1),第六單元:現(xiàn)代中國的政治建設與祖國統(tǒng)一,第22課——祖國統(tǒng)一大業(yè)。祖國統(tǒng)一始終是中國人民的共同夙愿。本課內(nèi)容主要敘述了“一國兩制”的偉大構想,為完成祖國統(tǒng)一大業(yè)提出了一個創(chuàng)造性的指導方針。香港、澳門的回歸,是“一國兩制” 偉大構想的成功實踐。在“一國兩制”方針指導下,海峽兩岸實現(xiàn)了一次歷史性的突破。揭示了“一國兩制” 的構想,對推動完成祖國完全統(tǒng)一大業(yè),實現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復興具有現(xiàn)實指導意義。 2、學情分析通過調(diào)查知道,學生對本節(jié)的基本史實有一定了解。但是,高一新生習慣于知識的記憶和教師的講解,不能深入分析歷史現(xiàn)象的內(nèi)涵和外延;不能進一步探究事物的因果關系和理解事物的本質(zhì);并且需要進一步拓展思維的廣度和深度,實現(xiàn)從一維目標到三維目標的飛躍。
Example:One day, a poor boy who was trying to pay his way through school by sending newspapers door to door found that he only had one dime(一角)left. He was so hungry that he decided to beg for a meal at the next house.However, he lost his nerve when a lovely young woman opened the door. Instead of a meal he asked for a drink of water. She thought he looked hungry so she brought him a large glass of milk. He drank it slowly, and then asked, “How much do I owe you?” “You don’t owe me anything,” she replied, “Mother has taught me never to accept pay for a kindness.” “Then I thank you from the bottom of my heart.” With these words, Howard Kelly left that house.Years later the woman became badly ill and was finally sent to the hospital in a big city. Dr. Howard Kelly, now famous, was called in. When he heard the name of the town she came from, a strange light filled his eyes. Dressed in his doctor’s clothes, Dr. Kelly went into her room and recognized her at once. From that day on, he gave special attention to her, and decided to do his best to save her life.At last the woman was saved. Dr. Kelly asked the business office to pass the final bill to him. He looked at it and then wrote something on the side. The bill was sent to the woman’s room. She was afraid to open it because she was sure that it would take the rest of her life to pay for it off. Finally she looked, and the note on the side of the bill caught her attention. She read these words: “Paid in full with a glass of milk, Dr. Howard Kelly.” Tear of joy flooded her eyes.
The topic of this part is “Learn to make choices in life”.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at the moral dilemmas, and this part is about making choices in life. The heroin is Lin Qiaozhi, a famous medical scientist, made a great contribution to our country’s medical care. Most importantly, her life experience can inspire our students whether in studying or the development of career. she had moral dilemmas and life choices, which are similar to the students who will step into society. Besides, Lin has quite good virtues like kindness, self-improvement, insistence, job-loving , generosity and responsibility, which is worth being learned.Concretely, this article is a biography about Lin Qiaozhi. The article tells her whole life according the timeline, among which the life choices is emphasized. For example, whether married or chased her dream, returned home or stayed abroad, family or public, her choices all reflected her faith, spirit, responsibility and devotion.1. Fast reading to get the detailed information about Lin Qiaozhi; careful reading to do the deductive information.2. Learn the reading skills--deductive judgement according the context.3. Study the structure features and language features. 4. Communicate about Lin’s life choices and reflect their own life choices.1. Learn the reading skills--deductive judgement according the context.2. Study the structure features and language features.3. Communicate about Lin’s life choices and reflect their own life choices.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat are some important life choices?Importance choices: university study, jobs and marriage partners. Because they can determine our future.
⑦在我看來, 探索太空是值得的。As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space.Step 10 Writing---draftRecently, students in our class have had heated a discussion on whether space is worth exploring. Students hold different ideas about it.30% of us think space exploration is not worthwhile. They think space is too far away from us and our daily life and is a waste of money. And the money spent on space exploration can be used to solve the earth’s problems such as starvation and pollution.On the other hand,70% think space is worth exploring because we have benefited a lot from it,such as using satellites for communication and weather forecast. What’s more,with further space research,we may solve the population problem by moving to other planets one day. Also,space research will enable us to find new sources to solve the problem of energy shortages on the earth.As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space. Not only can it promote the development of society but also enrich our life. Step 11 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1.Does the writer explain why he/she changed/wanted to change?2.Does the writer tell how the changes have improved or will improve his/her life?3.Is the text well-organised?4.Does the writer use words and expressions to show similarities and differences?5.Are there any grammar or spelling errors?6.Does the writer use correct punctuation?
Step 3 Meaning1. 過去將來時表示從過去某一時間來看將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài), 常用在賓語從句中。一般由“would/should +動詞原形”構成。She hoped that they would meet again someday. 她希望將來有一天他們能再見面。2. was/were going to+動詞原形: 表示過去將要發(fā)生或很有可能發(fā)生的動作, 常用于口語中, 表示預言、意圖或者打算等。He was going to start work the following week. 他打算下星期開始工作。3. was/were about to do: 常用來表示即將發(fā)生的動作, “剛要/正要做……”。注意該結構不與任何時間狀語連用。I felt that something terrible was about to happen. 我感到某種可怕的事情即將發(fā)生。4.was/were to do: 表示“曾計劃做某事”, 如果表示“本來計劃做某事, 動作沒實現(xiàn)”, 則需用 “was/were to have done”。She said she was to have told me about the accident. 她說她本來想告訴我關于事故的事。5.Start, go, come, leave, see, meet等動詞的過去進行時: 表示就過去某一時刻而言即將發(fā)生的動作。She was coming later. 她隨后就來。I had just put on my overcoat and was leaving to visit a friend of mine. 我剛穿上外套要去看我的一個朋友。
4. A:We’d like to have someone to say a word at the beginning to welcome the group.B:↙Who?A:We thought that you or Dr.Johnson might do it.B用降調(diào)說Who,其意思是問,對方想讓誰在開場時致歡迎詞。Step 6 Pronunciation---Practice1. Listen to the short conversation and mark the intonation with ↗, ↙ or ↙, ↗. Then discuss with a partner what they intend to convey by using different intonation.Owner: You know what ?↗ It’s a million-pound bank note↙.Waiter 1: Really ?↗(question)Waiter 2: Really !↙(unbelievable and surprised)Waiter 3: Really ?!↙↗(first question then surprised)2. Listen to the conversations. Underline the parts that are stressed and mark the intonation. Then talk about the implied meanings of the responses with different intonations. Listen again and repeat.1) Henry: It’s a nice suit.Owner: Oh, it’s perfect!↙(The intonation means it is very suitable for Henry.)2) Henry: Well, that’s very kind of you.Owner: Kind, sir ?↗(what you said is not right) No, it’s kind of you. You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like. Just having you sit here is a great honour !!↙(welcome you to come again)3)Henry:Well, to be honest, I have none. Oliver:(happily) What luck!(excited) Brother↗, what luck!↙(It means “Didn’t you hear it?”)Henry: Well, it may seem lucky to you but not to me!↗(angry) If this is your idea of some kind of joke, I don’t think it’s very funny. Now if you’ll excuse me, I ought to be on my way.↙(If so, I would leave.)Roderick: Please don’t go↙...(hope Henry can wait for a moment)Part B Viewing and Talking---Describe people’s changing attitudes in a film clipStep 1 Before-listening---Tell the filmYou are going to watch part of the film The Million Pound Bank Note. Look at these photos and guess what happens in the film.
1. 表示時間。Hearing these stories, I’m skeptical about the place. = When I heard these stories. . . 2. 表示原因。Not knowing his address, I can’t send this book to him. = Because/Since/As I don’t know his address. . . 3. 表示結果。His father died, leaving him a lot of money. =. . . and left him a lot of money4. 表示條件。Going straight down the road, you will find the department store. = If you go straight down the road. . . 5. 表示讓步。Being tired, they went on working. =Although they were tired. . . 6. 表示行為方式、伴隨情況或補充說明。He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time. =. . . and stared at the sky for a long time注意:非謂語動詞作狀語時, 如所提供的動詞不能和句子中的主語保持一致, 動詞-ing形式必須有自己的邏輯主語, 通常由名詞或代詞來擔任, 這就是獨立主格結構。The last bus having gone, we had to walk home. (having gone的邏輯主語是the last bus, 而不是we)Weather permitting, the football match will be played on Friday. (permitting的邏輯主語是time, 而不是the football match)Step 7 Practice1. ________(study) hard, you are sure to get first prize. 2. People use plastic in their daily life, _______(leave) large amounts of waste. 3. ________(work) hard at your lessons, you are to succeed. 4. The old man, ____________(work) abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland. 5. ______________(finish) his homework, he was playing on the playground. Answers: 1. Studying 2. leaving 3. Working 4.having worked 5. Having finishedStep 8 HomeworkFinish the homework on Page 22.
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