(一)自然災(zāi)害監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)1.概念:自然災(zāi)害監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)是由國家、區(qū)域及地方等各級(jí)組織,通過不同平臺(tái)對(duì)自然災(zāi)害進(jìn)行監(jiān)測和分析的網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)。2.作用:災(zāi)前預(yù)警、災(zāi)中跟蹤、災(zāi)后評(píng)估以及提出減災(zāi)決策方案3.世界和我國災(zāi)害監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展情況①已經(jīng)形成了遍布世界各地、相互交織的災(zāi)害監(jiān)測和預(yù)警網(wǎng)絡(luò)。②我國已經(jīng)運(yùn)用現(xiàn)代科學(xué)技術(shù)建立起各種自然災(zāi)害監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)(二)遙感技術(shù)在自然災(zāi)害監(jiān)測中的作用1.遙感(RS)技術(shù)的特點(diǎn):觀測范圍廣、信息獲取量大、獲取速度快、實(shí)時(shí)性好和動(dòng)態(tài)性強(qiáng)等。從空間尺度看,遙感具有全球觀測能力,可從多波段、多時(shí)相和全天候角度獲得全球自然災(zāi)害的觀測數(shù)據(jù);從時(shí)間尺度看,在遙感平臺(tái)上能夠?qū)Φ厍蜻M(jìn)行同步觀測,可獲得地球表層及其瞬間變化的災(zāi)害信息。
三峽庫區(qū)農(nóng)村移民安置根本出路是通過發(fā)展大農(nóng)業(yè)來解決耕地不足,不應(yīng)盲目開墾荒坡地,防止產(chǎn)生新的水土流失,盡量避免生態(tài)環(huán)境惡化。2、就地后靠,就近安置模式三峽庫區(qū)淹沒區(qū)線狀分布的受淹特點(diǎn)有別于一般水庫淹沒區(qū)的片狀分布,使得庫區(qū)移民具有相對(duì)分散的特點(diǎn),且淹沒涉及的356個(gè)鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)沒有一個(gè)被全淹,甚至全淹的村也很少,這有利于移民在本縣甚至本鄉(xiāng)就近后靠安置,避免了水庫移民大量外遷、遠(yuǎn)遷所造成的種種困難和后遺癥。三峽移民搬遷大多可以就地后靠,就近安置,這是三峽移民的一大特色。就近后靠安置的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是不離本鄉(xiāng)本土,移民容易接受,且避免了移民大量外遷、遠(yuǎn)遷所造成的困難和后遺癥;缺點(diǎn)是容易對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)氐纳鷳B(tài)環(huán)境造成過大的壓力,如過度開墾坡地、破壞植被、加劇水土流失等。3、工程周期長,可從容安置移民三峽工程建設(shè)周期長(1994年~2009年,共17年),使得移民安置能夠及早進(jìn)行,可以從容安置移民的生產(chǎn)和生活。
一、談話導(dǎo)入師:同學(xué)們,中國有句俗話叫“民以食為天”,你們喜歡美食嗎?(喜歡)老師也喜歡吃,不過我們可別光顧著吃,我們要認(rèn)識(shí)它,還要記住他們的名字。(課件出示米糕圖片)。1、師:看,老師給你們帶來了什么?(米糕)生活中,你們除了吃過米糕,還吃過什么糕呢?(課件出示詞語:蛋糕、雪糕、糕點(diǎn)。)領(lǐng)讀詞語。2、師:不論是蛋糕、雪糕,還是糕點(diǎn),味道上都有一個(gè)共同點(diǎn)是()?甜,是因?yàn)樵诶锩婕尤肓颂?,(出示糖的卡片認(rèn)讀生字“糖”)課件出示生活中常見的糖的圖片,齊讀詞語。3、引導(dǎo)觀察生字“糕、糖”,發(fā)現(xiàn)共同點(diǎn),引出“粉”。交流“粉”的識(shí)字方法,引出“芬、份、紛、扮”,出示詞語:粉絲、粉筆、面粉。齊讀。
一、談話導(dǎo)入從這節(jié)課開始,我們就要在拼音朋友的幫助下,到識(shí)字王國去認(rèn)識(shí)更多的漢字朋友啦!老師真為你們高興!現(xiàn)在,讓我們一起快樂地向識(shí)字王國出發(fā)吧!二、觀察圖畫,揭示課題1、看圖說話,出示書本封面,你看到了什么?引出天、地、人。(PPT1)2、指名讀:誰能讀讀?你是怎么認(rèn)識(shí)這幾個(gè)字的?3、請(qǐng)小老師帶領(lǐng)大家輕聲跟讀(兩遍)。4、出示課題。(PPT2)
仔細(xì)思考下列問題。1.在故事情節(jié)發(fā)展中起著關(guān)鍵作用的語句是哪一句?為什么騙術(shù)能步步行通?(1)“任何不稱職的或者愚蠢得不可救藥的人,都看不見這衣服”這句話在故事情節(jié)發(fā)展中起著關(guān)鍵作用。(2)騙子胡說那件衣服具有一種“奇怪的特性”,不但抓住了皇帝的昏庸無能而又想辨別出官員是否稱職、是聰明還是愚蠢的心理,而且抓住了大臣們只想保住官位而阿諛奉承的心理,因而騙術(shù)步步行通。2.在根本不存在的“新裝”面前,從皇帝到老百姓都不敢說自己根本看不見它,這是為什么?因?yàn)轵_子說“任何不稱職的或者愚蠢得不可救藥的人,都看不見這衣服”,大臣們怕人說自己不稱職,百姓怕人說自己愚蠢,皇帝既怕被人說不稱職,又怕給人說愚蠢,所以都不敢說真話了。3.后來,一個(gè)小孩子最先說出了真話,緊接著老百姓也都說真話了,而皇帝和他的內(nèi)臣們?nèi)匝b模作樣地把戲演下去。作者這樣寫,你是怎樣理解的?
教學(xué)目的:1、通過貼近學(xué)生生活實(shí)際的素材,在豐富多彩的實(shí)踐活動(dòng)中充分體會(huì)時(shí)、分、秒的實(shí)際意義。2、通過練習(xí),學(xué)生比較熟練地進(jìn)行一些簡單的時(shí)間計(jì)算教學(xué)重、難點(diǎn):時(shí)間單位的簡單轉(zhuǎn)換和求經(jīng)過時(shí)間的方法。教學(xué)過程:第2題,先讓學(xué)生獨(dú)立完成,再讓學(xué)生說一說每一題是怎么比較的,允許學(xué)生用不同的方法進(jìn)行比較,只要說得有道理就行。第3題,讀讀書上的三個(gè)例子,并要求學(xué)生收集類似的信息。第4、5題,學(xué)生計(jì)算經(jīng)過的時(shí)間。如果部分學(xué)生有困難,讓他們借助鐘面模型加以演示、理解,教師給予適當(dāng)?shù)膸椭?。?題,要求學(xué)生先估計(jì),再實(shí)際進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證,驗(yàn)證的數(shù)據(jù)可以由學(xué)生和家長一起完成。第7題,事先讓學(xué)生找?guī)讉€(gè)自己感興趣的節(jié)目,想辦法把它們開始和結(jié)束的時(shí)刻都記錄下來。
1.誰來扮演顧客,誰又來扮演售貨員呢?(選出購物示范學(xué)生兩名。)2.教師問顧客:你喜歡什么商品?準(zhǔn)備去哪個(gè)柜臺(tái)購買?(買什么。)3.你喜歡的商品標(biāo)價(jià)是多少錢?(讀價(jià)格。)4.你手里有多少錢?怎樣付款?(算付款。)5.教師問售貨員:顧客拿出了多少錢?他要買的商品是多少錢?(讀價(jià)格。)6.你要找多少零錢給他?(算找零。)教師請(qǐng)其他學(xué)生觀察這兩名學(xué)生如何進(jìn)行商品買賣,在買賣過程中有什么步驟。開始活動(dòng)1.活動(dòng)要求:顧客要檢查售貨員有沒有找錯(cuò)零錢。2.賣易拉罐和礦泉水瓶的同學(xué)要檢查廢品回收員有沒有算錯(cuò)一共應(yīng)該付多少錢。3.售貨員要看清顧客付款對(duì)不對(duì)。4.可以同學(xué)之間互相幫助,可以合伙購買。教師選定一部分學(xué)生扮演售貨員,一兩名學(xué)生扮演廢品回收員,其余的扮演顧客。讓學(xué)生根據(jù)自己的需要,利用人民幣卡片購買商品、廢品回收活動(dòng)。在活動(dòng)過程中,要讓買賣雙方互相檢查對(duì)方在進(jìn)行人民幣計(jì)算時(shí)有沒有發(fā)生錯(cuò)誤。
1、談話導(dǎo)入,激發(fā)興趣。 師:小朋友,每個(gè)人都有自己的興趣愛好,老師也有自己的興趣和愛好,你能猜猜是什么愛好嗎? 生:自由發(fā)言 師:我想小朋友也都有自己的興趣愛好,誰愿意告訴大家呢? 生:幼兒各自說出自己的興趣愛好。 2、師幼相互分享自己的興趣愛好。A幼兒展示自己的興趣愛好。 B教師展示興趣愛好。 3、闖關(guān) 闖關(guān)游戲一:我是小小主持人
4 課堂評(píng)價(jià) (Assessment) (1)做活動(dòng)手冊(cè)本單元第3、4、5 部分的練習(xí)。練習(xí)3是檢測學(xué)生的詞匯掌握情況。教師可以讓學(xué)生組成兩人組進(jìn)行看詞快說的比賽,說對(duì)一個(gè)詞涂一朵小花,比誰的花多。練習(xí)4是讓學(xué)生看詞涂色,說說兩種顏色的結(jié)合會(huì)變成什么顏色,并將第3種顏色涂在圈中。教師可以給學(xué)生做一個(gè)示范,然后再讓學(xué)生動(dòng)手實(shí)踐。此練習(xí)是機(jī)動(dòng)性練習(xí),教師可根據(jù)時(shí)間分配情況靈活安排。練習(xí)5 是讓學(xué)生將句子和相對(duì)應(yīng)的圖連線,教師可以先讓學(xué)生看圖,猜圖上人說的話,然后再連線。此練習(xí)是檢測學(xué)生對(duì)句子的整體認(rèn)讀能力,不需要學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)句子中的每個(gè)單詞。練習(xí)后,根據(jù)學(xué)生情況進(jìn)行簡單小結(jié)。給學(xué)生適當(dāng)?shù)莫?jiǎng)勵(lì)。(2)讓學(xué)生自我評(píng)價(jià)半學(xué)期的英語學(xué)習(xí)情況,可在第37頁上做標(biāo)記,看看自己能達(dá)到什么程度。對(duì)于評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果不太理想的學(xué)生,教師要及時(shí)鼓勵(lì),教育學(xué)生不能灰心放棄,針對(duì)這部分學(xué)生具體的情況在課后進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步交流。
1.猜袋中東西數(shù) 將全班分成若干小組,每組抽一人到前面,背對(duì)著班級(jí)。教師拿一個(gè)袋子,并向?qū)W生們借一些書本,鉛筆,鋼筆,橡皮等,放入袋中,然后讓各組學(xué)生輪流猜袋子里東西的數(shù)目,猜對(duì)的給該組記10分。 2.學(xué)生一起有節(jié)奏地說唱Let’s chant部分的歌謠,并請(qǐng)學(xué)生分角色表演。 (二)呈現(xiàn)新課 (Presentation) 1.搶讀單詞 教師將全班分成若干小組,然后逐個(gè)出示一些圖片,學(xué)生們舉手搶答,教師讓最先舉手的學(xué)生將圖片的單詞說出來,說對(duì)的給該組記10分,得分最多的組為優(yōu)勝。 2.看單詞卡讀出單詞并說出中文,復(fù)習(xí)1-3單元要求四會(huì)的單詞。 3.教師用實(shí)物投影出示1-3單元課文中的某一幅圖片,讓學(xué)生根據(jù)圖片內(nèi)容進(jìn)行對(duì)話練習(xí)。 4.讓學(xué)生填寫Assessment部分的內(nèi)容,自己對(duì)1-3單元所學(xué)內(nèi)容的掌握情況進(jìn)行自我評(píng)價(jià)。 5.教師向?qū)W生出示已制作好的window card:This si a window card.并教讀window card教師問學(xué)生:Do you like it? Can you make it? Do you want to learn how to make a window card?
Part two1. Teaching AimsMaster the 26 letters.Master the pronunciation of the letters.2. Teaching Aidsa tape-recorder, some cards, some papers and so on.3. Important pointsThe pronunciation of the letters4. Teaching steps1) Greetings and revisionLet some groups act out the dialogue in the last lesson.2) New contentsLet them say out the 26 letters and let some ones say them out.Then listen and learn the letters song.First, give them some minutes and let them read the letters. Let’s see whether there is anyone who can learn anything in them. Then give them some information and let them read again. At last, give them the answer and read again.Let them remember it.PracticeShow the cards where are written the math patterns and let some answer it. Then ask “Who can read it in English?” Let some one read it. Others follow him.Next, show the cards and ask others answer them. T asks and S answers. Then S asks and S answers. Practice in pairs.HomeworkMaster the letters.Teaching notesPart three1. Teaching AimsIntroduce self and others using the words and phrases.Let’s play.2. Teaching Aidsa tape-recorder, some cards3. Important pointsShe has…She likes…I have…4. Teaching stepsGreetings and revisionLet some one read the letters and divide them by the pronunciations.
學(xué)生搜集中外重要節(jié)日及部分中外名人的生日所在的月份。教師準(zhǔn)備相關(guān)節(jié)日及部分中外名人的圖片或音像資料片。教師課前準(zhǔn)備Let’s find out2的配圖畫好春、夏、秋、冬四個(gè)方框。錄音:Listen and number。教學(xué)過程:Warm up (熱身)活動(dòng)一復(fù)習(xí)單詞教學(xué)參考時(shí)間:3分鐘(1)教師播放Let’s chant部分的歌謠,學(xué)生聽一遍后跟唱。(2)出示帶有各個(gè)月份特征的單詞卡片。學(xué)生看圖說出單詞,并一起拼讀其縮寫形式。幫助學(xué)生在有節(jié)奏的說唱中鞏固記憶單詞,為在后面活動(dòng)中學(xué)生能夠熟練應(yīng)用作鋪墊?;顒?dòng)二 復(fù)習(xí)句子教學(xué)參考時(shí)間:5分鐘(1)師生同唱Let’s chant部分歌謠“When Is Your Birthday?”。(2)教師引導(dǎo)學(xué)生看歌謠下面的翻滾過山車的動(dòng)畫,師生進(jìn)行問答,如:When is the rabbit’s birthday? It’s in May. 等。教師示范后請(qǐng)學(xué)生進(jìn)行Pair work,也可以展開競賽的形式進(jìn)行“連鎖問答”。鞏固有關(guān)生日問答的語句,為Let’s find out1的活動(dòng)做準(zhǔn)備。
4.鞏固和擴(kuò)展(Consolidation and extension) (1) 做本單元活動(dòng)手冊(cè)配套練習(xí)。 (2) 翻卡片說單詞。學(xué)生兩人一組,把單詞卡片反面朝上放在桌子上,然后同時(shí)翻開兩張單詞卡(如:going, holiday),就馬上組織成一句話(如:Where are you going on the holiday?/ I’m going to Kunming this holiday.),說得快又正確者為勝。 (3) 教師播放C部分Story time的錄音或VCD,幫助學(xué)生理解故事內(nèi)容。學(xué)生再聽一遍錄音,跟讀故事里的句子,教師指導(dǎo)學(xué)生發(fā)音。 (4) Bright eyes. 在黑板上張貼Let’s find out的8幅圖片,Mike, Zhang Peng, Sarah, Kathy等4個(gè)人物圖片分別放在8幅圖片上,如:Mike ---take pictures---buy presents。學(xué)生仔細(xì)觀察后,請(qǐng)學(xué)生閉上眼睛,教師就趁學(xué)生閉眼之際交換人物位置(如把Mike放到eat noodles),然后請(qǐng)學(xué)生張開眼睛回答:What did Mike do just now ? 引導(dǎo)學(xué)生回答: Mike took pictures and bought presents. 教學(xué)參考資料庫 1.文化背景介紹: 機(jī)場標(biāo)志: Airport 飛機(jī)場 Airport lounges 機(jī)場休息室Airports shuttle 機(jī)場班車 Arrivals 進(jìn)港Assistance 問訊處Check in area (zone) 辦理登機(jī)區(qū)Departure airport 離港時(shí)間Departure times on reverse 返航時(shí)間 Welcome aboard 歡迎登機(jī)
在這一單元中,學(xué)生要學(xué)會(huì)就有關(guān)人與物之間所屬關(guān)系進(jìn)行問答的句子。本單元大量引入有關(guān)運(yùn)動(dòng)的名詞,要求學(xué)生彼此詢問有無此類物品,并做出相應(yīng)的回答。 同時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)表示建議的句型Let’s運(yùn)動(dòng)的形容詞。 本單元所選用的話題來自學(xué)生所喜歡的生活片段,在教學(xué)中生生交流、師生交流會(huì)更融洽,會(huì)促進(jìn)師生彼此間的了解,成功的教學(xué)還會(huì)讓部分學(xué)生養(yǎng)成良好的運(yùn)動(dòng)習(xí)慣和收藏習(xí)慣。 教學(xué)目標(biāo) 1) 語言知識(shí):A.在詢問對(duì)方是否有某物的對(duì)話中學(xué)會(huì)使用do和does引導(dǎo)的一般疑問句; B. 學(xué)會(huì)使用描述性的形容詞來評(píng)價(jià)事物; C. 學(xué)會(huì)在對(duì)話中使用名詞復(fù)數(shù); D. 學(xué)會(huì)用祈使句來向?qū)Ψ教岢鼋ㄗh. 2) 語言技能:A. 學(xué)會(huì)用祈使句詢問某人是否有某物; B. 學(xué)會(huì)向他人提出建議的句子. 3) 學(xué)習(xí)策略:A.通過與同學(xué)討論,做出猜測;
Teaching Goal:1. General aims:Talk about recent past events2. Particular aims:A. Language Focus.Talk about recent past events and think of the past events.B. Language goalsHow was….?It was …What did …do over the weekend?C. Language structures:(1). How was your weekend? I was great. Pay attention to no form.(2). What did you do over the weekend? I played soccer. We went to the beach.D. Useful words and phrases:Words: was, did, went, beach, over, project, test, wasn’t, false, number, geography, spend, week, most, mixture, their, had, little, cook, read, saw, change, everyone, sit, sat, no, anythingPhrases: did one’s homework, played soccer, cleaned my room, went to the beach, played tennis, went to the movies, on Saturday morning, over the weekend, cook … for, what about, do some reading, have a party, talk show, go shoppingE. Grammar language:Present simple past tenseRegular and irregular verbsF. Learning strategies:Tour and holidaysG. Interdiscipinary:H. Emotion and manner:Teaching time: 5 periodsTeaching procedures:Period One教學(xué)步驟、時(shí)間 教師活動(dòng) 學(xué)生活動(dòng) 媒體應(yīng)用Step 1Free talk 3’ Ask some questions like:Who’s on duty today?What’s the weather like? Answer and talk about something.讓同學(xué)們回答下列問題1. Do you like weekend? (Let some students answer)It takes them three minutes to talk about the question.2. Why do you like weekend? (let the students answer) Most of the students like the weekend此時(shí)教師用漢語問:“在周末期間問你干了什么?這句話用英語這么回答?Let the students guess.At last the teacher give them right answer3. What did you do over the weekend?(板書、學(xué)習(xí))
三、教學(xué)建議第一課時(shí):1. Lead in (Vocabulary)A) Before class, teacher should collect some pictures of working places. For example: Bank, TV Station, Restaurant, Police Station, Hospital ...B) In class, show students the pictures (PowerPoint, OHP). Ask students to tell the name of the working places and the name of the jobs.Shop assistant, doctor, actor, reporter, police office, waiter, bank clerk, studentC) Do exercise 1a and 3a.2. Bingo GameAsk groups of students to make up pairs of cards with a job on one and the related workplace on the other. For example, waiter / restaurant, teacher / school, doctor / hospital. Encourage students to use both the job / workplace combinations in the book and the ones that students came up during class discussions. Be sure they have twice as many sets of cards as there are students in the group. They can make two sets of cards for a single job / workplace, if necessary. Then have each group mix up its set of cards and hand their cards out in random order. Each time a student gets a pair of cards that match, he or she can lay these cards down. The goal is to have no cards in your hand at the end.3. Task OneA) Ask students to work in pairs and ask the partner what does he / she want to be in the future.e. g. :What do you / does he / does she want to be?I want to be a.Why?Because it's (adj).B) Vocabulary: Section B, 1a4. Homework 1.2.
Step 3 (3b)First, tell the students when we talk about our future plans, we often use: I’m+verb+ing When we talk about what we must do, we use have to. Ask the students to fill in the blanks in 3b. The answers are: shopping, go to see, a test, I’m going, my family. Step 4 (3c)Let the students write an e-mail message to a friend. Say why you can’t visit next. Before the exercise, ask the students to give some possible answers and write them on the blackboard. So the students will feel easy to finish the writing exercise. After they finish it, Let them to correct it in groups first. Each group chooses theirs best one to read in front of the whole class. Step 5 ( planning a party )First read the conversation in the box together. Then ask the students to turn to page 88.Write down everything you have to do next week. Write in all the things you have to do . Ask the students to look at the list. Ask them “What day are you free?” This is when you can have your party. Step 6 (Self check 1 )Let the students to fill in the blanks with the words given. Change the forms of the words if possible. Then make their own sentences. The answers are: visit, playing, have to, study, comeStep 7 (Self check 2)Imagine you are Marie. Read the information and look at your schedule. Write replies to the invitation.
1. First, ... then, ... next, ... finally, ...首先,……然后,……接著,……最后,……這是英語中表達(dá)做某事的步驟的一種說法。如果步驟較多,還可以說:first-next-after that-later on-finally/at last通常你會(huì)聽到說英語國家的人在說 first, next, then, finally 和后面的內(nèi)容時(shí),他們會(huì)做一些停頓。這樣就能提前告訴聽者接下來講的是一系列的步驟。這一點(diǎn)在朗讀和聽力中應(yīng)特別注意。2. how many, how much均為疑問詞,同是“多少”,但用法不同。請(qǐng)看:how many修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),how much修飾不可數(shù)名詞。但在用法上,同學(xué)們常犯如下錯(cuò)誤:1) [誤] How many are there bananas on the table?[正] How many bananas are there on the table?[析] how many, how much 中的many,much是形容詞,常修飾名詞作定語,故后面跟名詞。2) [誤]How much tea are there on the table?[正]How much tea is there on the table?[析] how much修飾不可數(shù)名詞時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。how many與how much的區(qū)別可簡記為:前how many:問“多少”,復(fù)數(shù)名詞后面跑;how much問“多少”,不可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)好。前者答語用基數(shù)詞,后者答語用數(shù)量關(guān)系。
Step Ⅱ Show the new words on the screen and teach the new words. Read the new words to students and ask them to repeat.Step Ⅲ 3aThis activity introduces new vocabulary and provides reading practice using the target language.In this activity first look at the four pictures.T: What can you see in the pictures?Ss: Four snow globes.T: Right. There are four snow globes in the pictures. And what are they?Ss: They are a monster, two polar bears, two penguins and a birthday cake.Write these words on the blackboard: snow globe; monster; polar bear; penguin and birthday cake. Read them to the class and ask students to repeat each one. Make sure students understand each word.Use a computer to show the E-mail message on the screen and read the message to students.Get students to read the e-mail on their own, and then draw lines connecting each snow globe and its description.Correct the answers.AnswersA line should connect each snow globe picture with the words that describe it in the letter.Step Ⅳ 3bThis activity provides writing practice using the target language.First review Activity 2a on Page 47.Then ask students to complete the message according to Activity 2a.Some partial sentences are given to students. Write about one person's collection.When students work, walk around the room checking the progress and offering help as needed.When they finish, ask some students to read their messages to the class.
內(nèi)容提示本單元主要內(nèi)容是學(xué)會(huì)利用verb十by/with gerund表示方式方法來討論學(xué)習(xí)英語的策略,認(rèn)識(shí)自己在學(xué)習(xí)方面的長處和不足。初步了解現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)和用法?,F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)由助動(dòng)詞have/has+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞構(gòu)成,主要表示過去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在仍有影響或造成的后果,常與already,yet,just,ever,never等副詞連用。教學(xué)目標(biāo)一、學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)(Language Goal) 1. Talk about how to study . 學(xué)會(huì)討論各種學(xué)習(xí)方法和策略。2. Find out your suitable learning methods. 找出適合自己的學(xué)習(xí)方法。 二、語言結(jié)構(gòu)(Language Structures) 1. Verb + by with gerund by+動(dòng)名詞短語 表示“通過…途徑,方法” 2. How questions have引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句 三、目標(biāo)語言(Target Language) 1. How do you study for tests ? 你是怎樣準(zhǔn)備考試的?Well , I study by working with my classmates. 哦,我和同學(xué)們一起學(xué)習(xí)。2. Have you ever studied with a group ? 你曾經(jīng)參加過學(xué)習(xí)小組嗎?Yes , I have . I’ve learned a lot that way . 是的,參加過。通過這種方式我學(xué)了許多。