Step 3 (3b)First, tell the students when we talk about our future plans, we often use: I’m+verb+ing When we talk about what we must do, we use have to. Ask the students to fill in the blanks in 3b. The answers are: shopping, go to see, a test, I’m going, my family. Step 4 (3c)Let the students write an e-mail message to a friend. Say why you can’t visit next. Before the exercise, ask the students to give some possible answers and write them on the blackboard. So the students will feel easy to finish the writing exercise. After they finish it, Let them to correct it in groups first. Each group chooses theirs best one to read in front of the whole class. Step 5 ( planning a party )First read the conversation in the box together. Then ask the students to turn to page 88.Write down everything you have to do next week. Write in all the things you have to do . Ask the students to look at the list. Ask them “What day are you free?” This is when you can have your party. Step 6 (Self check 1 )Let the students to fill in the blanks with the words given. Change the forms of the words if possible. Then make their own sentences. The answers are: visit, playing, have to, study, comeStep 7 (Self check 2)Imagine you are Marie. Read the information and look at your schedule. Write replies to the invitation.
“Go for it!” is based on “Task-Based Language Teaching”. It adheres to “The authenticity principle”, “The form-function principle”, “The task dependency principle” and “The principle of learning by doing”. These principles all accord with the demands of curriculum focus.In and of Grade Seven (II), “Go for it!”, students have learned “The Simple Past Tense”. And it appears again in of Grade Eight (I). teaches students more about how to talk about events in the past. In addition, it gives affirmative and negative statements in the past tense, such as the sentence patterns “Did you see …?” “Were there …?” “Did you go …?” As the first part of Unit 8, Section A opens with a picture presenting the last school trip in the aquarium and continues with several step-by-step practice activities, which are all good for students to master “The Simple Past Tense”. Doing well in Section A will help students integrate the new target language with that in Section B. Thus, they can describe the events in the past freely and foster their own ability of reflecting and practicing. II. Teaching ObjectivesTeaching objective is the beginning and aim of teaching activities. According to the overall goal of the English elementary course--- improve students' synthetic ability of language application, which should be based on the development of students’ “Language knowledge”, “Language skills”, “Character building”, “Learning strategies” and “Cross-cultural awareness”. The teaching objectives are described as follows(I). Knowledge objectivesi. Master the simple past tense of regular and irregular verbsii. Recite the new words and expressions about the last school trip in the aquarium, including their pronunciation and intonation
一、 教學(xué)內(nèi)容Section A 1a----1c二、 教學(xué)目標(biāo)1.學(xué)習(xí)詞匯do the dishes, make the bed, take out the trash, fold the clothes, do the laundry, sweep the floor, clean the living room.2.句型 Could you please clean your room? Yes, sure.三、 教學(xué)準(zhǔn)備 學(xué)生預(yù)習(xí)本單元所有的詞匯多媒體課件 活動表 獎品四、 教學(xué)過程Pre-task1. Warming upEnjoy ourselves. Watch cartoon Cinderella. 看動畫片段《灰姑娘》導(dǎo)如入本課話題和新詞匯“chores”美麗善良的鬼姑娘因繼母的嫉妒,每天得做所有的家務(wù)。片段的主題使學(xué)生聯(lián)想到本課的話題。2. learn new words and phrasesLook! What is she / he dong? 看圖學(xué)習(xí)動詞詞組do chores, do the dishes, make the bed, take out the trash, fold the clothes, do the laundry, clean the living room.3. Guessing game.What is she doing ? 4. Pair work. 1a, Do you do these things at home? Write “Y” for “yes” and “N” for “no”.5. Listening . 1b , Peter’s chores or Mom’s chores?理解目標(biāo)語Could you please clean your room? Yes, sure.Write “M” for Mom’s chores, “P” for Peter’s chores in the chart.6. PairworkLook at the picture,Ask your partner to do the chores that you see. 7. Interview Who is the most able at home? 1) What chores do you do at home? How often do you do the chores? Work in four, interview each of the students in the group, fill in the chart.
Step Ⅶ Role play ( Work on 1b)1. First ask two students to read the dialogue to the class.Sa: How do you get to school?Sb: Well, I ride my bike to the subway station. Then I take the subway.2. Now work with a partner.Suppose you use two kinds of transportation to get to school \Hangzhou\Beijing... (bus, train, subway, walking, bike, etc.) Tell how you get there. You may use the phrases in 1a.3. Then ask different pairs of students to present their conversations to the class.Step ⅧListening1. Work on 2a(1) First ask students to read the list of information that Thomas wants to know.…where Nina lives.…h(huán)ow far from school she lives.…h(huán)ow long it takes to get to school.…h(huán)ow she gets to school.…what she thinks of the transportation.(2) Tell students what transportation and bus stop mean.bus stop 汽車站 transportation n. 運(yùn)送;運(yùn)輸Then tell students we'll hear a recording. Please put a checkmark in front of each thing that Thomas wants to know.(3) Now play the recording for students.( Have students pay attention to the sample answer.) (4) Then correct the answers.
1 交通工具的比較此活動為小組活動。學(xué)生通過討論找出到達(dá)某一城市可乘坐的各種交通工具,并選擇最佳出行方式。Teacher:We’re going to Shanghai. How many ways can we use to get there? Yes, there are four ways: by bus, by plane, by train, by ship. Please discuss how you are going to get there.操作建議:(1)學(xué)生以小組為單位展開活動,談?wù)摫窘M所選擇的交通工具。(2)各組選代表向全班匯報(bào),闡述本組所選擇的交通工具的利和弊。完成任務(wù)所需要的語言結(jié)構(gòu):We can go there by ship. It’s more comfortable and cheaper than any other transportation.We can go there by bus. It’s cheaper but it takes longer time.2 哪個(gè)城市更合適?此活動具有挑戰(zhàn)性。假設(shè)中國要舉行2014年世界杯足球賽,分別從歷史,人文,天氣等方面對各城市(北京,大連,上海,昆明)進(jìn)行比較,選擇最佳舉辦城市。T: Imagine China is holding the 2014 FIFA World Cup. Which city do you think is the best for the World Cup, Beijing, Dalian, Shanghai or Kunming? Let’s work in groups. If you choose Beijing, please join the Team Red. If you chose Dalian, please join the Team White. If you choose Shanghai, please join the Team Blue. If you choose Kunming, please join the Team Green. Please show us its advantages. Then let’s see which team will win.
教學(xué)重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn):運(yùn)用所掌握的語言描述,比較不同地點(diǎn)的特點(diǎn)。在練習(xí)中學(xué)習(xí)掌握英語比較級和最高級的用法。課前準(zhǔn)備分配小組,每組五至六人。通過上網(wǎng)或翻閱報(bào)刊雜志等方法,確定旅游線路,做出基本的旅游計(jì)劃。教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì):本節(jié)課流程圖 學(xué)法指導(dǎo):1.由于這是一堂新課,在教學(xué)中應(yīng)注意面向全體,發(fā)揮學(xué)生的主體性,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生積極參與,激發(fā)學(xué)生的求知欲和學(xué)習(xí)積極性,指導(dǎo)學(xué)生積極思維,主動獲取知識,養(yǎng)成良好的學(xué)習(xí)方法。逐步學(xué)會獨(dú)立解決問題??傊M可能調(diào)動學(xué)生的非智力因素促進(jìn)智力因素的發(fā)展。教法選擇:1.電化教學(xué)法2.課堂討論法3.任務(wù)型教學(xué)法采用這些方法的目的是為了充分調(diào)動學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)積極性,使學(xué)生變被動學(xué)習(xí)為主動學(xué)習(xí)。通過電腦形象的演示,加強(qiáng)印象,提高興趣,突破難點(diǎn),提高教學(xué)效率,進(jìn)而增大教學(xué)的容量和信息量。充分體現(xiàn)教師為主導(dǎo),學(xué)生為主體的教學(xué)原則。
She shouldn’t go to the party tonight.Step7. TaskT: You know, there are lots of problems in our life. If you are a doctor, please tell us how to solve the problem. I will divide you into 9 groups. Please work in groups. And then choose one of you to report your ideas.The following are the problems:I have a toothache.I am hungry. I have a sore throat.I am stressed out. I have a sore back.I am tired. I can’t sleep.I have a cold. I have a headache.Report: If you have a headache, you should go to bed early. You should see the doctor. You should eat some medicine. You shouldn’t wash your face with cold water.You shouldn’t sleep late.You shouldn’t swim.…..T encourages the students to give advice as much as possible.Homework:1. Chose one of the problems, and write down your advice2. Copy the new words這一步是用于熱身的,同時(shí)也可以讓他們復(fù)習(xí)一部分的表示人體部位的單詞,擴(kuò)充知識.學(xué)習(xí)語言的過程也是一個(gè)不斷積累的過程,復(fù)習(xí)舊知識,增添新知識.通過小游戲,強(qiáng)化學(xué)生對Does she/he have…這個(gè)句子的運(yùn)用能力.通過復(fù)習(xí),自然的引到下面新知識的學(xué)習(xí)。充分利用表格,由句子到對話,再到文章,讓學(xué)生循序漸進(jìn). 提高學(xué)生的綜合語言運(yùn)用能力,運(yùn)用以前學(xué)過的知識來解決身邊的問題.Period 5 (Section B 3a—3c, selfcheck)教學(xué)內(nèi)容與分析:
Step 1 Greeting Greet the class and check the homeworkStep 2 A duty report The S on duty gives a report on the rules in his home and lead in 3a “Sun Fei’s and Wu Yu’s rules” Step 3 ReadingSs read the conversation and write the two girls’ rules in the chart. Check the answers.Get Ss to read after the tape and then read aloud by themselves. Then, T explains the language points.Step 4 Pairwork 3bRole play. Use the information in chart to practice with the conversation in 3a covered. They can look at the sample conversation in the right box.Step 5 Task 2 “Who’s the best reporter?”Make a survey by asking any 5 students the questions in the chart in activity 4. Then give out a report about it. See who is the best reporter? And the best reporter will get a nice ball-pen.Step 6 Summary and homework:Write out the report in your exercise-books.Period ThreeStep 1 Greeting and a duty reportThe S gives a duty report talking about his experience of being late for school. Lead in the question “Do you ever get to school late? How often do you get to school late? Always, usually, sometimes, or never?Step 2 1a Get Ss to finish writing.Step 3 Pairwork 1b Get Ss to talk about their answers with their partners using the sample conversation in the box on the right.Step 4 Listening practice2a Lead-in: What will happen if you get to school late? What about Peter? Let’s listen to a conversation between Peter and his father. Get Ss to finish 2a (As usual, for the first time, Ss only listen.) Check the answers.
教學(xué)目標(biāo): 1. Express preferences2. Talk about one’s likes and dislikes and the reasons3. Learn to express one’s opinions 4. Learn to write a reply 語言功能: 1) Talk about one’s preferences, using t he relative clause2) Talk about people’s likes and dislikes and the reasons3) Talk about opinions語言結(jié)構(gòu): Relative clauses with that and who語言目標(biāo):What kind of music do you like?I like music that I can sing along with.I love singers who write their own music.We prefer music that has great lyric.重點(diǎn)詞匯及短語:heart, photography, interest, class, whatever, miss, okay, expect, sweet, taste, itself, laboratory, cancer, increase, biscuit, main, care, prefer… to…, remind somebody of …, dance to, sing along with, be sure to, interest somebody, make somebody adj., to be honest, suit somebody, on display, catch up教學(xué)重難點(diǎn):What do other people think of the different kinds of things? How to express one’s opinions? 學(xué)習(xí)方式:討論,合作學(xué)習(xí)情感目標(biāo):通過本單元的學(xué)習(xí),能提高學(xué)生的藝術(shù)鑒賞能力和審美情趣,并引導(dǎo)學(xué)生養(yǎng)成健康的飲食習(xí)慣。課時(shí)安排5課時(shí)第一課時(shí):Section A: 1a-2c第二課時(shí):Section A : 3a-4第三課時(shí):Section B:1-2c, Self check2第四課時(shí):Section B: 3a-4, Self check1第五課時(shí):Self check ReadingI like music that I can dance to.
內(nèi)容提示本單元主要內(nèi)容是學(xué)會利用verb十by/with gerund表示方式方法來討論學(xué)習(xí)英語的策略,認(rèn)識自己在學(xué)習(xí)方面的長處和不足。初步了解現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)和用法。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)由助動詞have/has+動詞的過去分詞構(gòu)成,主要表示過去發(fā)生的某一動作對現(xiàn)在仍有影響或造成的后果,常與already,yet,just,ever,never等副詞連用。教學(xué)目標(biāo)一、學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)(Language Goal) 1. Talk about how to study . 學(xué)會討論各種學(xué)習(xí)方法和策略。2. Find out your suitable learning methods. 找出適合自己的學(xué)習(xí)方法。 二、語言結(jié)構(gòu)(Language Structures) 1. Verb + by with gerund by+動名詞短語 表示“通過…途徑,方法” 2. How questions have引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句 三、目標(biāo)語言(Target Language) 1. How do you study for tests ? 你是怎樣準(zhǔn)備考試的?Well , I study by working with my classmates. 哦,我和同學(xué)們一起學(xué)習(xí)。2. Have you ever studied with a group ? 你曾經(jīng)參加過學(xué)習(xí)小組嗎?Yes , I have . I’ve learned a lot that way . 是的,參加過。通過這種方式我學(xué)了許多。
一、Section A該部分有4個(gè)模塊。第一模塊圍繞Whose volleyball is this? 這一話題展開思維( 1a)、聽力(1b)、口語( 1c)訓(xùn)練;第二模塊圍繞上一模塊中的話題進(jìn)行聽力( 2a-2b)、口語訓(xùn)練( 2c);第三模塊繼續(xù)圍繞前兩個(gè)模塊中的“making inferences”展開訓(xùn)練。訓(xùn)練形式為閱讀排序( 3a)和兩人問答(3b);第四模塊仍就上一話題展開討論。二、Section B該部分有4個(gè)模塊。第一模塊要求根據(jù)圖畫和所提供的單詞寫出合理的句子;第二模塊在聽力( 2a-2b)和分角色口語訓(xùn)練( 2c)的基礎(chǔ)上,繼續(xù)進(jìn)行“推測”訓(xùn)練; 第三模塊圍繞“Strange events in Bell Tower neighborhood”這一話題展開閱讀( 3a)和寫作(3b -3c)訓(xùn)練;第四模塊以dream為話題展開小組活動。三、Self Check該部分有3個(gè)模塊。第一模塊以填空形式對所學(xué)詞匯進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練;第二模塊就8個(gè)諺語展開閱讀和討論。
1、結(jié)合具體生活場景,能運(yùn)用所學(xué)的乘法口訣解決簡單的實(shí)際問題,通過圖與式的對應(yīng),進(jìn)一步理解乘法的意義。 2、能熟練運(yùn)用口訣進(jìn)行計(jì)算,提高靈活運(yùn)用口訣解決實(shí)際問題的能力。 3、體會數(shù)學(xué)與實(shí)際生活的聯(lián)系,培養(yǎng)用數(shù)學(xué)的意識,體驗(yàn)口訣在解決問題中的作用。 運(yùn)用所學(xué)乘法解決簡單的實(shí)際問題。 結(jié)合實(shí)際情景理解乘法的意義。 1、口算: 5×2=10 6×2=12 8×5=40 2×7=14 5×9=45 3×5=15 2×6=12 2×9=18 4×2=8 2、談話導(dǎo)入:在前面的學(xué)習(xí)中,我們認(rèn)識了乘法,而且還學(xué)習(xí)了2和5的乘法口訣。這節(jié)課,老師想請同學(xué)們用這些跟乘法有關(guān)的知識來幫助老師一起解決生活中遇到的問題,一起來看一看吧??鞓沸菹r(shí)間到了,學(xué)校的大操場突然熱鬧起來了,你們一定非常喜歡課件活動吧!看,操場上同學(xué)們有的在玩老鷹捉小雞的游戲,有的在進(jìn)行乒乓球比賽,有的在跳繩,還有的在踢毽子……真熱鬧啊!
1、通過同位之間互說座位位置,檢測知識目標(biāo)2、3的達(dá)成效果。2、通過導(dǎo)學(xué)案上的探究一,檢測知識目標(biāo)2、3的達(dá)成效果。 3、通過探究二,檢測知識目標(biāo)1、3的達(dá)成效果。 4、通過課堂反饋,檢測總體教學(xué)目標(biāo)的達(dá)成效果。本節(jié)課遵循分層施教的原則,以適應(yīng)不同學(xué)生的發(fā)展與提高,針對學(xué)生回答問題本著多鼓勵、少批評的原則,具體從以下幾方面進(jìn)行評價(jià):1、通過學(xué)生獨(dú)立思考、參與小組交流和班級集體展示,教師課堂觀察學(xué)生的表現(xiàn),了解學(xué)生對知識的理解和掌握情況。教師進(jìn)行適時(shí)的反應(yīng)評價(jià),同時(shí)促進(jìn)學(xué)生的自評與互評。2、通過設(shè)計(jì)課堂互說座位、探究一、二及達(dá)標(biāo)檢測題,檢測學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)達(dá)成情況,同時(shí)有利于學(xué)生完成對自己的評價(jià)。3.通過課后作業(yè),了解學(xué)生對本課時(shí)知識的掌握情況,同時(shí)又能檢測學(xué)生分析解決問題的方法和思路,完成教學(xué)反饋評價(jià)。
[師]同學(xué)們想一想,你同父母一起去商店買衣服時(shí),衣服上的號碼都有哪些,標(biāo)志是什么?[生]我看到有些衣服上標(biāo)有M、S、L、XL、XXL等號碼.但我不清楚代表的具體范圍.適合什么人穿.但肯定與身高、胖瘦有關(guān).[師]這位同學(xué)很善動腦,也愛觀察. S代表最小號,身高在150~155 cm的人適合穿S號.M號適合身高在155~160 cm的人群著裝…….廠家做衣服訂尺寸也并不是按所有人的尺寸定做,而是按某個(gè)范圍分組批量生產(chǎn).如何確定組距與組數(shù)呢?分組組數(shù)的確定,不僅與數(shù)據(jù)多少有關(guān),還與數(shù)據(jù)的取值情況有關(guān).在實(shí)際決定組數(shù)時(shí),常有一個(gè)嘗試過程:先定組距,再計(jì)算出相應(yīng)的組數(shù).看看這個(gè)組數(shù)是否大致符合確定組數(shù)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)法則.在嘗試中,往往要比較相應(yīng)于幾個(gè)組距的組數(shù),然后從中選定一個(gè)較為合適的組數(shù).我們一起看下表:小亮的做法.
. 一個(gè)數(shù)的倒數(shù)等于它本身的數(shù)是()A.1 B. C.±1 D.04. 下列判斷錯(cuò)誤的是()A.任何數(shù)的絕對值一定是非負(fù)數(shù); B.一個(gè)負(fù)數(shù)的絕對值一定是正數(shù);C.一個(gè)正數(shù)的絕對值一定是正數(shù); D.一個(gè)數(shù)不是正數(shù)就是負(fù)數(shù);5. 有理數(shù)a、b、c在數(shù)軸上的位置如圖所示則下列結(jié)論正確的是()A.a(chǎn)>b>0>c B.b>0>a>cC.b<a<0< D.a(chǎn)<b<c<06.兩個(gè)有理數(shù)的和是正數(shù),積是負(fù)數(shù),則這兩個(gè)有理數(shù)( )A.都是正數(shù); B.都是負(fù)數(shù); C.一正一負(fù),且正數(shù)的絕對值較大; D.一正一負(fù),且負(fù)數(shù)的絕對值較大。7.若│a│=8,│b│=5,且a + b>0,那么a-b的值是( )A.3或13 B.13或-13 C.3或-3 D.-3或-138. 大于-1999而小于2000的所有整數(shù)的和是()A.-1999 B.-1998 C.1999 D.20009. 當(dāng)n為正整數(shù)時(shí), 的值是()
一天,王村的小明奶奶提著一籃子土豆去換蘋果,雙方商定的結(jié)果是:1千克土豆換0.5千克蘋果.當(dāng)稱完帶籃子的土豆重量后,攤主對小明奶奶說:“別稱籃子的重量了,稱蘋果時(shí)也帶籃子稱,這樣既省事又互不吃虧.”你認(rèn)為攤主的話有道理嗎?請你用所學(xué)的有關(guān)數(shù)學(xué)知識加以判定.解析:要看攤主說得有沒有道理,只要按稱籃子和不稱籃子兩種方式分別求出所得蘋果的重量,比較即可.解:設(shè)土豆重a千克,籃子重b千克,則應(yīng)換蘋果0.5a千克.若不稱籃子,則實(shí)換蘋果為0.5a+0.5b-b=(0.5a-0.5b)千克,很明顯小明奶奶少得蘋果0.5b千克.所以攤主說得沒有道理,這樣做小明奶奶吃虧了.方法總結(jié):體現(xiàn)了數(shù)學(xué)在生活中的運(yùn)用.解決問題的關(guān)鍵是讀懂題意,找到所求的量之間的關(guān)系.三、板書設(shè)計(jì)數(shù)學(xué)教學(xué)要緊密聯(lián)系學(xué)生的生活實(shí)際,本節(jié)課從實(shí)際問題入手,引出合并同類項(xiàng)的概念.通過獨(dú)立思考、討論交流等方式歸納出合并同類項(xiàng)的法則,通過例題教學(xué)、練習(xí)等方式鞏固相關(guān)知識.教學(xué)中應(yīng)激發(fā)學(xué)生主動參與學(xué)習(xí)的積極性,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生思維的靈活性.
1.理解角的概念,掌握角的表示方法.2.理解平角、周角的概念,掌握角的常用度量單位:度、分、秒,及它們之間的換算關(guān)系,并會進(jìn)行簡單的換算.一、情境導(dǎo)入鐘表是我們生活中常見的物品,同學(xué)們,你能說出圖中每個(gè)鐘表時(shí)針與分針?biāo)傻慕嵌葐??學(xué)完了下面的內(nèi)容,就會知道答案.二、合作探究探究點(diǎn)一:角的概念及其表示方法【類型一】 對角的概念的考查下列關(guān)于角的說法中正確的有()①角是由兩條射線組成的圖形;②角的邊越長,角越大;③在角一邊的延長線上取一點(diǎn);④角可以看作由一條射線繞著它的端點(diǎn)旋轉(zhuǎn)而形成的圖形.A.1個(gè) B.2個(gè) C.3個(gè) D.4個(gè)解析:①角是由有公共端點(diǎn)的兩條射線組成的圖形,錯(cuò)誤;②角的大小與開口大小有關(guān),角的邊是射線,沒有長短之分,錯(cuò)誤;③角的邊是射線,不能延長,錯(cuò)誤;④角可以看作由一條射線繞著它的端點(diǎn)旋轉(zhuǎn)而形成的圖形,說法正確.所以只有④正確.故選A.
方法總結(jié):由絕對值的定義可知,一個(gè)數(shù)的絕對值越小,離原點(diǎn)越近.將實(shí)際問題轉(zhuǎn)化為數(shù)學(xué)問題,即為與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)質(zhì)量的差的絕對值越小,越接近標(biāo)準(zhǔn)質(zhì)量.【類型四】 絕對值的非負(fù)性已知|x-3|+|y-2|=0,求x+y的值.解析:一個(gè)數(shù)的絕對值總是大于或等于0,即為非負(fù)數(shù),若兩個(gè)非負(fù)數(shù)的和為0,則這兩個(gè)數(shù)同為0.解:由題意得x-3=0,y-2=0,所以x=3,y=2.所以x+y=3+2=5.方法總結(jié):幾個(gè)非負(fù)數(shù)的和為0,則這幾個(gè)數(shù)都為0.三、板書設(shè)計(jì)絕對值相反數(shù)絕對值性質(zhì)→|a|=a(a>0)0(a=0)-a(a<0)互為相反數(shù)的兩個(gè)數(shù)的絕對值相等兩個(gè)負(fù)數(shù)比較大?。航^對值大的反而小絕對值這個(gè)名詞既陌生,又是一個(gè)不易理解的數(shù)學(xué)術(shù)語,是本章的重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容,同時(shí)也是一個(gè)難點(diǎn)內(nèi)容.教材從幾何的角度給出絕對值的概念,也就是從數(shù)軸上表示數(shù)的點(diǎn)的位置出發(fā),得出定義的.
解析:本題是要求兩個(gè)未知數(shù),即3和4的權(quán).所以應(yīng)把平均數(shù)與方程組綜合起來,利用平均數(shù)的定義來列方程,組成方程組求解.解:設(shè)投進(jìn)3個(gè)球的有x人,投進(jìn)4個(gè)球的有y人,由題意,得3x+4y+5×2=3.5×(x+y+2),0×1+1×2+2×7+3x+4y=2.5×(1+2+7+x+y).整理,得x-y=6,x+3y=18.解得x=9,y=3.答:投進(jìn)3個(gè)球的有9人,投進(jìn)4個(gè)球的有3人.方法總結(jié):利用平均數(shù)的公式解題時(shí),要弄清數(shù)據(jù)及相應(yīng)的權(quán),避免出錯(cuò).三、板書設(shè)計(jì)平均數(shù)算術(shù)平均數(shù):x=1n(x1+x2+…+xn)加權(quán)平均數(shù):x=(x1f1+x2f2+…+xnfn)f1+f2+…fn通過探索算術(shù)平均數(shù)和加權(quán)平均數(shù)的聯(lián)系與區(qū)別,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的思維能力;通過有關(guān)平均數(shù)問題的解決,提升學(xué)生的數(shù)學(xué)應(yīng)用能力.通過解決實(shí)際問題,體會數(shù)學(xué)與社會生活的密切聯(lián)系,了解數(shù)學(xué)的價(jià)值,增進(jìn)學(xué)生對數(shù)學(xué)的理解和增加學(xué)好數(shù)學(xué)的信心.
第一環(huán)節(jié)感受生活中的情境,導(dǎo)入新課通過若干圖片,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生感受生活中常常需要確定位置.導(dǎo)入新課:怎樣確定位置呢?——§3.1確定位置。第二環(huán)節(jié)分類討論,探索新知1.溫故啟新(1)溫故:在數(shù)軸上,確定一個(gè)點(diǎn)的位置需要幾個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)呢? 答:一個(gè),例如,若A點(diǎn)表示-2,B點(diǎn)表示3,則由-2和3就可以在數(shù)軸上找到A點(diǎn)和B點(diǎn)的位置。總結(jié)得出結(jié)論:在直線上, 確定一個(gè)點(diǎn)的位置一般需要一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù).(2)啟新:在平面內(nèi),又如何確定一個(gè)點(diǎn)的位置呢?請同學(xué)們根據(jù)生活中確定位置的實(shí)例,請談?wù)勛约旱目捶?2.舉例探究Ⅰ. 探究1(1)在電影院內(nèi)如何找到電影票上指定的位置?(2)在電影票上“6排3號”與“3排6號”中的“6”的含義有什么不同?(3)如果將“6排3號”簡記作(6,3),那么“3排6號”如何表示?(5,6)表示什么含義? (4) 在只有一層的電影院內(nèi),確定一個(gè)座位一般需要幾個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)?結(jié)論:生活中常常用“排數(shù)”和“號數(shù)”來確定位置. Ⅱ. 學(xué)有所用(1) 你能用兩個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)表示你現(xiàn)在所坐的位置嗎?