書法藝術(shù)的繁榮期,是從東漢開始的東漢時期出現(xiàn)了專門的書法理論著作,最早的書法理論提出者是東西漢之交的揚雄第一部書法理論專著是東漢時期崔瑗的《草書勢》漢代書法家可分為兩類:一類是漢隸書家,以蔡邕為代表一類是草書家,以杜度、崔瑗、張芝為代表,張芝被后人稱之為“草圣”最能代表漢代書法特色的,莫過於是碑刻和簡牘上的書法東漢碑刻林立,這一時期的碑刻,以漢隸刻之,字型方正,法度謹嚴(yán)、波磔分明此時隸書已登峰造極漢代創(chuàng)興草書,草書的誕生,在書法藝術(shù)的發(fā)展史上有著重大意義它標(biāo)志著書法開始成為一種能夠高度自由的抒發(fā)情感,表現(xiàn)書法家個性的藝術(shù)草書的最初階段是草隸,到了東漢時期,草隸進一步發(fā)展,形成了章草,后由張芝創(chuàng)立了今草,即草書
三、具體研習(xí)1、文章的哪些段落描寫了故都的秋?郁達夫先生既然這么喜歡故都的秋,那么他選取了哪些畫面來寫故都的秋?(學(xué)生閱讀圈點,教師引導(dǎo)學(xué)生找關(guān)鍵詞、關(guān)鍵句。)明確:從3--11自然段。主要是5幅畫面,第3段庭院靜觀(破屋秋色),第4段槐樹落蕊(街頭落蕊),第5段秋蟬殘鳴,第6—10段閑話秋涼,第11段清秋佳果。2、故都的秋有什么特點?明確:清、靜、悲涼。2、作者在對這些景具體的描繪中,是如何體現(xiàn)故都秋“清、靜、悲涼”的特點的呢?(下面先請同學(xué)來誦讀課文3——11段落,其他同學(xué)要眼耳手腦并用,一是圈出文中體現(xiàn)秋天色彩的詞語,二是標(biāo)出傳遞聲響的物名。我們將從“秋色”和“秋聲”兩個角度來品味一下故都的“秋味”。)
(2)怎樣理解本文的一些相關(guān)論述?【明確】這是一篇科學(xué)講演,涉及較為復(fù)雜的背景知識。這些知識和講演的主題是密切相關(guān)的,如果不作必要的交待,講演的內(nèi)容就會顯得抽象和單薄。如,談到天氣預(yù)報、大腦工作原理都具有混沌性質(zhì),來反襯宇宙在大尺度上是"平滑而非混沌"的;如,談到恒星的死亡(歸宿)引出黑洞,為宇宙中暗物質(zhì)的存在尋找理論支持;如,談到現(xiàn)存宇宙對初始密度的極度敏感,引出了"人擇原理"等等。這些相關(guān)的論述,或從對立面凸顯觀點,或從縱深面強化觀點,使論證豐富多彩。(3)這篇講演在語言上具有怎樣的特點?【明確】講演是面對面的交流,這種交流又是單向度的,如果不注意講演的語言藝術(shù),就達不到最佳的表達效果。這篇講演,除了推理嚴(yán)謹外,語言幽默也是其突出的特點。幽默的語言創(chuàng)造出一種輕松愉快的氣氛,更具有親和力,使所闡發(fā)的事理更容易為聽眾接受。
三、制定實驗方案的兩個問題:1.怎樣測量(或比較)物體的加速度:引導(dǎo)學(xué)生思考、討論并交流。學(xué)生可能會提出下面的一些方案:方法一:測出初速度為零的勻加速直線運動的物體在 時間內(nèi)的位移 ,則 ;方法二:在運動的物體上安裝一條打點計時器的紙帶,根據(jù)紙帶上打出的點來測量加速度;方法三:測出兩個初速度為零的勻加速運動的物體在相同的時間內(nèi)發(fā)生的位移 、 ,則 ;方法四:測出兩個初速度為零的勻加速運動的物體在相同的位移內(nèi)所用的時間 、 ,則 ;2.怎樣提供并測量物體所受的恒力:教師提出:現(xiàn)實中,除了在真空中拋出或落下的物體(僅受重力)外,僅受一個力的物體幾乎是不存在的。然而,一個單獨的力作用效果與跟它大小、方向都相同的合力的作用效果是相同的,因此,實驗中力 的含義指物體所受的合力。以在水平軌道上用繩牽引小車加速運動為例,小車受到四個力的作用,即重力、支持力、繩的拉力和軌道對小車的摩擦力(當(dāng)物體運動的速度比較小時,我們可以忽略空氣的阻力)。
1.加速度與力的關(guān)系:實驗的基本思路是保持物體的質(zhì)量不變,測量物體在不同的力的作用下的加速度,分析加速度與力的關(guān)系。有了實驗的基本思路,接下去我們就要準(zhǔn)備實驗器材,以及為記錄實驗數(shù)據(jù)而設(shè)計一個表格。為了更直觀地判斷加速度與力的數(shù)量關(guān)系,我們以 為縱坐標(biāo)、 為橫坐標(biāo)建立坐標(biāo)系,根據(jù)各組數(shù)據(jù)在坐標(biāo)系中描點。如果這些點在一條過原點的直線上,說明 與 成正比,如果不是這樣,則需進一步分析。2.加速度與質(zhì)量的關(guān)系:實驗的基本思路是保持物體所受力不變,測量不同質(zhì)量的物體在該力作用下的加速度,分析加速度與質(zhì)量的關(guān)系。有了實驗的基本思路,接下去我們就要準(zhǔn)備實驗器材,以及為記錄實驗數(shù)據(jù)而設(shè)計一個表格。為了更直觀地判斷加速度與質(zhì)量的數(shù)量關(guān)系,我們以 為縱坐標(biāo)、 為橫坐標(biāo)建立坐標(biāo)系,根據(jù)各組數(shù)據(jù)在坐標(biāo)系中描點,根據(jù)擬合的曲線形狀,初步判斷 與 的關(guān)系是反比例函數(shù)。再把 圖像改畫為 圖像,如果是一條過原點的斜直線,說明自己的猜測是否正確。
【學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容分析】在行星運動規(guī)律與萬有引力定律兩節(jié)內(nèi)容之間安排本節(jié)內(nèi)容,是為了更突出發(fā)現(xiàn)萬有引力定律的這個科學(xué)過程。如果說上一節(jié)內(nèi)容是從運動學(xué)角度描述行星運動的話,那么,本節(jié)內(nèi)容是從動力學(xué)角度來研究行星運動的,研究過程是依據(jù)已有規(guī)律進行的演繹推理過程。教科書在尊重歷史事實的前提下,通過一些邏輯思維的鋪墊,讓學(xué)生以自己現(xiàn)有的知識基礎(chǔ)身于歷史的背景下,經(jīng)歷一次“發(fā)現(xiàn)”萬有引力的過程,因此體驗物理學(xué)研究問題的方法就成為主要的教學(xué)目標(biāo)?!緦W(xué)情分析】在學(xué)太陽對行星的引力之前,學(xué)生已經(jīng)對力、重力、向心力、加速度、重力加速度、向心加速度等概念有了較好的理解,并且掌握自由落體運動和圓周運動等運動規(guī)律,能熟練運用牛頓運動定律解決動力學(xué)問題。已經(jīng)完全具備深入探究和學(xué)習(xí)萬有引力定律的起點能力。所以在推導(dǎo)太陽與行星運動規(guī)律時,教師可以要求學(xué)生自主地運用原有的知識進行推導(dǎo),并要求說明每一步推理的理論依據(jù)是什么,教師僅在難點問題上做適當(dāng)?shù)狞c撥。
一、教材1、新教材對高中語文閱讀教學(xué)的要求高中語文新大綱中明確規(guī)定,高中語文教學(xué)要讓學(xué)生“掌握語文學(xué)習(xí)的基本方法,養(yǎng)成自學(xué)語文的習(xí)慣”,“為繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)和終身發(fā)展打好基礎(chǔ)”,提出了“以閱讀教學(xué)為龍頭帶動整個語文教育是一個標(biāo)本兼治的通途”,以多種渠道培養(yǎng)良好的閱讀習(xí)慣,以閱讀帶動聽說寫能力的全面提高。2、教材分析這篇文章是從美國著名的心理學(xué)家、社會學(xué)家弗羅姆《愛的藝術(shù)》中節(jié)選出來的,《愛的藝術(shù)》這本書闡釋了愛并不是一種與人的成熟程度無關(guān)的感情,而是一個能力的問題,是一門通過訓(xùn)練自己的紀(jì)律、集中和耐心學(xué)到手的一門藝術(shù)。在這篇文章中,他從兒童成長的過程的角度闡述了父母之愛與孩童情感與心智成熟的關(guān)系,從心理學(xué)的角度闡述了愛作為一種改變社會的力量的心理基礎(chǔ)。全文10個小節(jié),闡述了一個嬰兒成長為一個“成熟的人”其心理結(jié)構(gòu)逐步變化的過程,并在最后指出,真正成熟的人應(yīng)該能夠綜合母愛與父愛,唯其如此,才能夠使自己真正成為一個健康而成熟的靈魂。
【教學(xué)理念】 1.整體感知課文內(nèi)容,理清文章思路。2.培養(yǎng)學(xué)生篩選信息能力,了解納米的有關(guān)知識和應(yīng)用前景。3.激發(fā)科學(xué)興趣,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生勇于大膽想象的科學(xué)精神?!窘虒W(xué)流程】一、談話引入,激發(fā)興趣。1.今天我們來學(xué)習(xí)一篇新課文《納米技術(shù)就在我們身邊》(板書課題)。2.以前聽說過“納米技術(shù)”嗎?你了解納米技術(shù)嗎?是怎么了解到的?預(yù)設(shè):我通過預(yù)習(xí)課文了解到“納米技術(shù)”就是研究小小物質(zhì)新奇特性的一門學(xué)問。預(yù)設(shè):我是通過查找資料了解什么是納米,什么是納米技術(shù)的。二、通讀課文,了解大意。1.檢查課文朗讀。出示課文中的科技術(shù)語和句子。先組內(nèi)相互聽讀糾正,然后全班交流。詞語:除臭技術(shù) 納米緩釋技術(shù) 長度單位 納米涂層 碳納米管 納米吸波材料 探測雷達波。句子:納米技術(shù)就是研究并利用這些特性造福于人類的一門新學(xué)問。2.自由交流:讀了課文,你知道了什么?
【教學(xué)參考】對“新政”作用的評價史學(xué)界對“新政”作用的評價是仁者見仁、智者見智,但基本上有三種觀點,即“功大于過論”、“過大于功論”和“功過參半論”。持“功大于過論”者認為“新政”在美國歷史上基本上是一種進步現(xiàn)象,首先,“新政”挽救了危機,使美國人民擺脫了危機的困苦局面;其次,在缺少足夠的宏觀經(jīng)濟政策知識的時代,羅斯福所做的努力確實是開創(chuàng)性的;再次,羅斯?!靶抡遍_啟了美國以后歷屆政府實施國家干預(yù)政策的大門,成為緩解自由主義經(jīng)濟制度之弊病的一劑良方,并在實質(zhì)上加強了美國聯(lián)邦政府的權(quán)威;最后,在30年代資本主義世界經(jīng)濟危機的背景下,同日本、德國為轉(zhuǎn)嫁危機而發(fā)動戰(zhàn)爭的策略相比,“新政”無疑代表了一種進步、民主的解救危機方式。持“過大于功論”者認為“新政”未能使美國走出蕭條、步入繁榮。
【設(shè)計思想】詩歌教學(xué)的關(guān)鍵是感受詩景,體味詩情,領(lǐng)悟詩意,在此基礎(chǔ)上孕育理解能力、鑒賞能力和審美情感。詩景、詩情、詩意均由文字來承載,把握文字組合的張力,是讀詩賞詩的抓手。杜甫的詩歌素以煉字精深、涵蓋深遠著稱,以《登高》而言,往往淡淡一字,平平一語,便籠大千于方寸,縮古今于一瞬。故細讀文本,咀嚼字句,便是賞景、悟情、會意的基本路徑。其次,不朽名作的特點是寄寓深廣,古今評價甚多,見仁見智,不一而足。這正是培養(yǎng)學(xué)生問題意識、探究意識的極好憑借。第三,詩為語言之精華,是詩人心里涌出的情感之流。誦讀乃賞詩之要著,精心感悟之時,設(shè)身處地,心惟口誦,是理解詩意的關(guān)鍵一步?;谑?,筆者作如下同課異構(gòu),殊途同歸。【教學(xué)目標(biāo)】1.理解本詩所繪之景、所抒之情及繪景、抒情之法。2.學(xué)會用意象疊加法、字句推敲法、誦讀體驗法等欣賞詩歌。3.感受杜甫心系蒼生、情寄邦國、憂國憂民、兼濟天下的博大情懷。
4、問題討論(1)巴爾扎克小說在法國文學(xué)史上的地位?在法國文學(xué)史的地位:隨著巴爾扎克在法國文壇上的如日中天,他漸漸地被他的時代的作家所認識。戈蒂耶第一個站出來熱情地贊揚巴爾扎克的天才。此后喬治·桑、波德萊爾、福樓拜、左拉對他贊譽有加。雨果甚至在巴爾扎克的葬禮上說:“在最偉大的人物中間,巴爾扎克屬于頭等的一個,在最優(yōu)秀的人物中間,巴爾扎克是出類拔萃的一個。他的才智是驚人的,不同凡響的成就,不是眼下說的盡的……”人道主義斗士法朗士對文體非常苛求,他深請地說:“他是他那個時代的社會的洞察入微的歷史家。他比任何人都善于使我們更好地了解從舊制度想新制度的過度?!碧貏e強調(diào):“從塑造形象和深度來說,沒有人能比得上巴爾扎克。”后來的作家莫洛業(yè)說:“巴爾扎克不僅僅是十九世紀(jì)的優(yōu)秀作家,他堪稱最偉大的小說家,這在今天幾乎是一致的看法。”
一、引入:教師列舉以下言論,讓學(xué)生辨出哪些是孟子的,哪些不是。學(xué)生不知道的,由教師說出。學(xué)生不理解的,教師作簡要解說。1.天將降大任于是人也,必先苦其心志,勞其筋骨,餓其體膚,空乏其身,行拂亂其所為。所以動心忍性,曾益其所不能。(孟子)2.域民不以封疆之界,固國不以山溪之險,威天下不以兵革之利。得道者多助,失道者寡助。(孟子)3.魚,亦我所欲也,熊掌,亦我所欲也,二者不可得兼,舍魚而取熊掌者也。生,亦我所欲也,義,亦我所欲也,二者不可得兼,舍生而取義者也。(孟子)4.富貴不能淫,貧賤不能移,威武不能屈。(孟子)5.非禮勿視,非禮勿聽,非禮勿言,非禮勿動。(孔子)6.無惻隱之心非人也,無羞惡之心非人也,無辭讓之心非人也,無是非之心非人也。(孟子)7.庖有肥肉,廄有肥馬,民有饑色,野有餓殍。(孟子)8.人性之善也,猶水之就下也;人無有不善,水無有不下。(孟子)9.民為貴,社稷次之,君為輕。(孟子)10.君子坦蕩蕩,小人常戚戚。(孔子)
2. Sort out detailed information about Michael Jordan.(1) Understand the transitional sentence.Q: Which part is about Michael Jordan as a master? Which part is about the example he set?(2) Have the Ss Focus on why Michael Jordan is a master and what good examples Michael Jordan set when they’re reading. And think about these questions as below:Q1: How does the author describe his impressive skills?Q2: How do you understand “time seemed to stand still”?Q3: What does “graceful” mean?Q4. Which sentence do you think best describes his mental strength?Q5. Which words is important in the sentence in describing his mental strength? Why?Q6: How do you understand “unique”?Q7: What can we learn from Michael Jordan?Step 5 Discussing and recommendingRecommend their own living legends of sports.Work in groups to choose your own living legend of sports and give the reasons of your choice. Step 6 HomeworkReview the stories of Lang Ping and Michael Jordan, and try to retell them.
This teaching period mainly deals with grammar “The Present Perfect Passive Voice.” To begin with, teachers should lead students to revise what they have learned about the Present Perfect Passive Voice. And then, teachers move on to stress more special cases concerning this grammar。This period carries considerable significance to the cultivation of students’ writing competence and lays a solid foundation for the basic appreciation of language beauty. The teacher is expected to enable students to master this period thoroughly and consolidate the knowledge by doing some exercises. 1. Guide students to review the basic usages of the Present Perfect Passive Voice2. Lead students to learn to use some special cases concerning the Present Perfect Passive Voice flexibly.2. Enable students to use the basic phrases structures flexibly.3. Strengthen students’ great interest in grammar learning.1. Help students to appreciate the function of the Present Perfect Passive Voice in a sentence2. Instruct students to write essays using the proper the Present Perfect Passive Voice.觀察下列句子特點,總結(jié)共同點。1.(教材P28)Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web.2.(教材P28)But the Internet has done much more for people than simply make life more convenient.3.(教材P28)Many people have been helped by the club.4.(教材P28)She no longer feels lonely, and her company has become quite successful.5.(教材P32)Today I thought I’d blog about a question that has been asked many times—how do you stay safe online and avoid bad experiences on the Internet?
Then have them write a short paragraph to describe and explain their changes. After that, get the Ss to exchange their drafts with their partners and use the checklist to give feedback on their drafts, and finally revise it.Step 5 Summary of how to write a wellness book1.健康書的審題步驟:第一步:明確要求該寫作屬于經(jīng)驗分享,故要用第一人稱來寫;時態(tài)以一股現(xiàn)在時為主。第二步:確定段落該類文章可以從以下三個方面人手:Para.1首先表明寫作的目的Para.2自己的做法及心得體會Para.3表示期望及感謝第三步:提煉要點2.健康書常見句式:1) It is an honor for me to share my favorite sport with you,2) It makes me feel relaxed playing with my friends.3) It makes me rid myself of stress while playing with my friends.4) Moreover, it provides me a valuable chance to communicate with others.5) I we eat too little or too much, or if we choose the wrong food, we may become sick.6) We can do something to change the poor situation.Step 6Homework假如你的老師讓你在班級Wellness Bok上分享自己的親身經(jīng)歷及心得,請根據(jù)以下要點寫一篇80字左右的文章1. 你喜歡的運動是什么?2. 你最喜歡的原因是什么?3. 你參加鍛煉的體會。
This unit is about the Internet, which has a great influence to our humans and our lives. During the Listening & Speaking & Talking and Reading and Thinking section, the influence in examples has been shown. Thus, use the Present Perfect Tense is appropriate. However, in order to show the justice or weaken the doer of the behavior/action, it’s better to use the Present Perfect Passive Voice than the Present Perfect Tense. Besides, having learned to use the Present Perfect Passive Voice, students can beautify their language in their writing. 1. Learn the structure of the Present Perfect Passive Voice and its functions. 2. Learn to change the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice into the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice. 3. Learn to write sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice flexibly according to the context. 1. Learn the structure of the Present Perfect Passive Voice and its functions. 2. Learn to change the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice into the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice. 3. Learn to write sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice flexibly according to the context. Step 1 Observe the following sentences, then change the sentences into passive voice.He has been selected to take part in the sports meeting.(肯定句)他已被挑選出來參加運動會。The ink has not been removed from his overcoat.(否定句)墨跡還沒有從他外套上去掉。
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “ask about online habits”. Many middle school students have been surfing the Internet for many years, but what they do with the Internet and how much time they spend every day may not be very clear to themselves, nor to other students. This section allows students to investigate their peers' Internet use, which is conducive to their mutual understanding and understanding of the Internet. It can also help them reflect on their own online behavior, learn from other people's good online habits, and get rid of their bad online behavior.The listening text of this section is an investigation interview. The investigators interview specific groups with the same questions to obtain information, so as to understand their views, practices or attitudes on this issue. There are two specific questions: “how much time do you spend online every day? What do you usually do online?”. The answers of the three respondents provide rich and different information, and achieve the purpose of the investigators. The oral discourse structure of survey interviews generally includes greeting and explaining the purpose of the interview, presenting the interview questions and the respondents' answers. Listening and Talking introduces the theme of “choosing the right application ". Listening text is a conversation between Laura and Xiao Bo. In this part of listening, “oink”; “piggy bank” may cause the students' hearing comprehension limitation. Oink refers to sound word and pig's sound. So, add some oink to my piggy bank is often used to describe "making a little money".1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of listening for definitions.2. Cultivate students' ability to define words and understand an investigation interview.
Q5:What's Jan's next goal?Her next goal is to start a charity website to raise money for children in poor countries.Q6:What can we learn from her experiences?We learn that when we go through tough times, we can find help and support from other people online. We learn that we can feel less lonelyStep 5: While reading---rethinkingQ1: What is Jan’s attitude to the Internet ?Thankful/Grateful, because it has changed her and her life.Q2: What writing skills is used in the article ?Examples(Jan’s example, the 59-year-old man’s and the 61-year-old woman’s example)Q3: Can you get the main idea of the article ?The Internet has changed Jan’s life/Jan’s life has been changed by the Internet.Step 6 Post reading---Retell the storyMuch has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web. There are countless articles (1)telling(tell) us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient. But the Internet has done a lot (2)more(much) for people than simply make life more convenient. People’s lives (3) have been changed(change) by online communities and social networks so far. Take Jan for example, who developed a serious illness that made her (4)stuck(stick) at home with only her computer to keep (5)her(she) company. She joined an online group (6)where she could share problems, support and advice with others. She considered the ability to remove the distance between people as one of the greatest (7)benefits(benefit). She was so inspired (8)that she started an IT club in which many people have been helped. She has started to learn more about how to use the Internet to make society better. Her next goal is to start a charity website to raise money (9)for children in poor countries. Jan’s life has been (10)greatly(great) improved by the Internet.
8. However, the more polite you are, the less likely it is you will be attacked. 然而, 你越有禮貌, 你被攻擊的可能性就越小。 Step 8 Writing---the articleHow to stay safe in the online chat roomToday I thought I’d blog about a question that has been asked many times--- how do you stay safe online and avoid bad experiences in the online chat room ? I’m not an expert, but many years as a blogger have taught me a thing or two.First of all, there’s the golden rule of the Internet: keep out of what makes you uneasy. Don’t post comments or click on anything. Second, protect your privacy. Don’t give out too much private information like your address, phone numbers, the ID numbers, etc. Third, be polite. If you are polite to others on the Internet, you won’t be attacked in normal situation. Finally, don’t believe in others easily and never meet someone you met online alone. It is very dangerous.Have you had any bad experiences online, or do you have some good advice for staying safe? Post your comments below!Step 9 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1. Does the writer tell the reader what he/she know about the topic ?2. Are the tips and suggestions well organised ?3. Has the writer defined the new words ?4. Does the author include examples, comparison, or explanations ?5. Does the writer end by asking readers to leave comments and/or suggestions ?6. Can you find any grammar or spelling mistakes.Step 6 HomeworkPut up your revised draft in the classroom or read it to your class.
⑦identity theft 身份盜竊⑧chat room 聊天室⑨draft your blog post 起草博客帖子⑩post embarrassing photos 張貼尷尬照片 【話題句式】 1. How do you stay safe online and avoid bad experiences on the Internet? 你如何在網(wǎng)上保持安全, 避免在網(wǎng)上的不良經(jīng)歷? 2. I’m not an expert, but many years as a blogger have taught me a thing or two. 我不是專家, 但作為一個博主, 我已經(jīng)學(xué)了好幾年了。 3. If you see or read something that makes you feel uncomfortable, leave the site immediately. 如果你看到或讀到一些讓你覺得不舒服的東西, 立即離開這個網(wǎng)站。4. Don’t give out your address or phone number. 別告訴別人你的地址或電話號碼。 5. Identity theft is a common and serious problem. 身份盜竊是一個常見而嚴(yán)重的問題。6. Being online is no excuse for being rude, and you don’t want to become a target for a troll or cyberbully. 上網(wǎng)并不是無禮的借口, 你也不想成為發(fā)挑釁帖子的人或網(wǎng)絡(luò)惡霸的目標(biāo)。 7. Trolls often use several false names so that they can stay on a site. 發(fā)挑釁帖子的人經(jīng)常使用幾個假名, 這樣他們就可以留在一個網(wǎng)站上。8. However, the more polite you are, the less likely it is you will be attacked. 然而, 你越有禮貌, 你被攻擊的可能性就越小。