一、說教材本文寫于“百日維新”失敗的1900年。文章從日本人和西歐人稱我國為“老大帝國”說起,以人喻國,怒斥當權(quán)的清王朝封建貴族官僚都是保守守舊、愚頑茍且的“老朽”,號召“中國少年”應肩負起救國的責任,為創(chuàng)造一個繁榮富強的“少年中國”而努力奮斗。表達了要求祖國繁榮富強的愿望和積極進取的精神。二、說學情三、說教學目標
環(huán)節(jié)四 模擬演練 情感升華我將讓同學們閱讀課本22頁的材料,并按照所提供的步驟,組織學生舉辦一次模擬聽證會,將學生分為四個小組,分別扮演教育局工作人員、人大代表、學生家長、學校校長的角色。待學生們模擬聽證會結(jié)束后,我將采訪學生,讓他們談談參加完聽證會后的感受,從而利用角色感悟總結(jié)落實民主決策的重大意義。這樣,學生們在模擬演練中,感悟公民要通過各種渠道參與民主決策,是推進決策科學化、民主化的重要環(huán)節(jié)。為學生將來參與政治生活積累經(jīng)驗,增強了學生的主人翁意識和社會責任感。環(huán)節(jié)五 課堂小結(jié) 課后延伸我將用多媒體展示本節(jié)課的知識框架,并注重引導學生將今天所學新知識與前面知識聯(lián)系起來,幫助學生從宏觀上把握各知識點之間的關(guān)系,有利于學生理解記憶。另外,適當?shù)恼n堂練習能檢驗學生掌握知識的情況,因此,課堂小結(jié)后我將讓學生做一些典型的練習,加深學生對本課知識的理解,同時為為下一課的學習做準備。
3、聯(lián)邦制的弊端:(1)、效率不高:(2)、集團分享權(quán)力,維護資產(chǎn)階級的利益,不顧人民要求。在美國實行聯(lián)邦制的二百多年問,聯(lián)邦制的弊端也顯露無遺。美國聯(lián)邦制的最大問題是效率不高,聯(lián)邦政府與州政府之間相互扯皮、推諉,各州政府之間各自為政。全國性資產(chǎn)階級利益集團與地方性資產(chǎn)階級利益集團分享權(quán)力,對于廣大人民群眾的要求,資產(chǎn)階級則利用國家結(jié)構(gòu)形式的特點相互推卸責任。當大多數(shù)資產(chǎn)階級利益集團意見接近時,聯(lián)邦制既能保護州的靈活性,又能保證中央的權(quán)威;當資產(chǎn)階級利益集團之間矛盾重重時,聯(lián)邦制就處于低效運轉(zhuǎn)之中。相關(guān)鏈接:1954年,美國最高法院在一項判決中宣布,公立學校實行種族隔離、拒絕黑人入學是違反憲法的。這一裁決引起南方一些州的抵制,一些州竟以暴力阻止黑人進入公立學校。
4、中國積極發(fā)展與區(qū)域性國際組織的關(guān)系。中國積極發(fā)展與區(qū)域性國際組織的關(guān)系。中國與歐盟建立了領導人年度會晤機制,致力于發(fā)展全面戰(zhàn)略伙伴關(guān)系。中國重視與非洲國家的傳統(tǒng)友誼,與非洲聯(lián)盟團結(jié)合作。中國與阿拉伯國家聯(lián)盟、石油輸出國組織等發(fā)展中國家組建的國際組織發(fā)展友好關(guān)系,支持它們維護自身的正當權(quán)益,并與它們共同為建立公正合理的國際政治經(jīng)濟新秩序而努力。新中國與國際組織關(guān)系的歷史演變大致經(jīng)歷了三個時期。從中華人民共和國建立初期到1971年:新中國被排斥在聯(lián)合國等國際組織之外,為恢復在聯(lián)合國的合法席位進行了不懈的斗爭。從1 9 7 1年到改革開放前:中國恢復了在聯(lián)合國的合法席位,并與大批國際組織建立、恢復了友好合作關(guān)系。改革開放以來:中國恢復了在世界銀行和國際貨幣基金組織的席位,加入了世界貿(mào)易組織、亞太經(jīng)合組織等經(jīng)濟組織。世界銀行出資興建的希望小學小結(jié):4個主要特征:國際組織的四個主要特征即:①跨國性、②目的性、③組織性、④自主性。
①含義:即國家管理形式,是國家政權(quán)的組織形式②政體的必要性和重要性A、行使職能B、維護其根本利益掌握國家政權(quán)的階級為實現(xiàn)政治統(tǒng)治、行使社會管理職能,必然要采取某種形式組織政權(quán)機關(guān)。統(tǒng)治階級為維護其根本利益,總是力求采用最有效的政權(quán)組織形式。3、國體與政體的關(guān)系(板書)(1)、政體的多樣性(2)、國體與政體的關(guān)系①國體決定政體,并通過一定的政體來體現(xiàn);政體體現(xiàn)國體,并服務于特定的國體。適當?shù)恼w能夠鞏固國體,不適當?shù)恼w會危害國體。補充:政體由國體決定并反映國體,國體是主要的方面。但是,政體也具有一定的獨立性,影響它形成的因素主要有:歷史條件、階級力量對比、傳統(tǒng)習慣、國際環(huán)境影響等。②專政政體國體與政體,即是國家制度中內(nèi)容與形式兩個方面(3)從國體、政體兩個方面看民主制國家補充:專政即是主要依靠暴力實行的統(tǒng)治,它與民主相對立,屬于國體的范疇,而專制則與法制相對立,屬于政體的范疇。
(3)、各種利益集團內(nèi)部很少有什么民主機制,大都為少數(shù)人所控制——從利益集團內(nèi)部的管理機制看;廣大群眾常常對某些組織寄予期望,投人力量,但是他們的利益卻往往得不到關(guān)注。(4)、利益集團為政府腐敗提供了肥沃的土壤。利益集團的活動方式,在很大程度上是用金錢購買政治影響力,是一種滋養(yǎng)腐敗的行為——從利益集團對政府的負面影響看。實際上,在國會議員、政府官員與利益集團之間,已經(jīng)形成一種相互依賴的共生關(guān)系。3、利益集團機制的隱蔽性、欺騙性及其實質(zhì):美國政壇中的利益集團機制,是資產(chǎn)階級控制國家機器的一種特殊形式,具有相當強的隱蔽性和欺騙性。表面上看,利益集團是所謂的“民意代表”,向政府反映各階層、群體的觀點和利益,實質(zhì)上是資產(chǎn)階級在“民意”的幌子下控制權(quán)力。
國會一直在政治生活中居于主導地位;到了當代,則是總統(tǒng)居于主導地位。由于司法機關(guān)無權(quán)直接支配社會力量和財富,相比之下,聯(lián)邦法院力量向來較弱。第二次世界大戰(zhàn)后,由于美國一直追逐全球霸權(quán),美國總統(tǒng)的戰(zhàn)爭權(quán)力更加強化,向海外派遣軍隊的次數(shù)更加頻繁。美國人民日益覺察到這種不斷增長的“帝王般總統(tǒng)職位”可能帶來的危險。2、三權(quán)分立制的本質(zhì)——是一種資產(chǎn)階級民主制度美國的三權(quán)分立制本質(zhì)上是一種資產(chǎn)階級民主制度。二百多年的歷史經(jīng)驗表明,它有效地維護了美國資產(chǎn)階級的統(tǒng)治。但是,廣大勞動人民不可能在這種制度下享有真正的民主。雖然三大權(quán)力機關(guān)之間互相制約、平衡,卻沒有一個代表人民意志的權(quán)力機關(guān),因而不可能實現(xiàn)人民群眾的多數(shù)人統(tǒng)治?!蟊究蝾}小結(jié):◇3個3種權(quán)力:3種權(quán)力即立法權(quán)、行政權(quán)和司法權(quán);3個弊端:即三權(quán)分立原則的3 個弊端;3個中央政權(quán)機構(gòu)即立法機關(guān)、行政機關(guān)和司法機關(guān);◇2個原因:即確立三權(quán)分立原則的原因◇1個本質(zhì):即三權(quán)分立原則的本質(zhì)
中國加人世貿(mào)組織承擔的義務主要包括:進一步降低關(guān)稅;取消非關(guān)稅貿(mào)易壁壘;取消被禁止的出口補貼;開放國內(nèi)市場,特別是服務市場;擴大對知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的保護范圍;放寬和改善外資政策;增加貿(mào)易政策的透明度等。履行這些義務對中國提出了挑戰(zhàn)。中國加入世貿(mào)組織后,享受多邊、無條件、穩(wěn)定的最惠國待遇和國民待遇;參與世貿(mào)組織各機構(gòu)的所有會議;參與貿(mào)易政策審議,對貿(mào)易伙伴的貿(mào)易政策進行質(zhì)詢和監(jiān)督;利用世貿(mào)組織的爭端解決機制解決貿(mào)易糾紛;參與新一輪多邊貿(mào)易談判,制定多邊貿(mào)易規(guī)則;享受發(fā)展中國家特有的權(quán)益。②意義:中國正充分行使這些權(quán)利,積極主動地參與、加強和發(fā)展多邊貿(mào)易體制,推動建立公平、合理的國際經(jīng)濟新秩序,維護國家利益。相關(guān)鏈接:2005年7月.中國倡議的WTO小型部長級會議在大連召開,世貿(mào)組織總干事和三十多個成員的代表出席會議。
(2)、中國堅持以互利合作實現(xiàn)共同繁榮----促進共同發(fā)展中國堅持以互利合作實現(xiàn)共同繁榮。中國連續(xù)擔任經(jīng)社理事會理事國,積極參與經(jīng)社系統(tǒng)有關(guān)經(jīng)濟和社會發(fā)展的重要國際會議和其他活動并承辦了聯(lián)合國第四次世界婦女大會。中國積極推動南北對話和南南合作,敦促發(fā)達國家為實現(xiàn)全球普遍、協(xié)調(diào)、均衡發(fā)展承擔更多責任。中國加人多項國際人權(quán)公約并認真履行公約義務,與聯(lián)合國人權(quán)事務高級專員保持良好合作,與多國展開人權(quán)對話。相關(guān)鏈接:1995年9月,聯(lián)合國第四次世界婦女大會在北京舉行。來自197個國家和地區(qū)以及眾多國際組織的1.76萬名代表圍繞會議主題“以行動謀求平等、發(fā)展與和平”展開熱烈討論。會議通過了《北京宣言》和《行動綱領》,為全球婦女事業(yè)的發(fā)展注入了新的活力。
2. Explore the significance of the establishment of Sarek National Park.Q1: Which event is the most important one in the park’s history?Ss: The establishment of Sarek national park in 1909 is the most important one.Q2: Is it worth making a place like Sarek a national park? Give your reasons.Ss: Yes. In this way, the place can be kept in its natural state and natural beauties and other rare and valuable resources can be preserved instead of being destroyed by endless exploitation driven by profits.Q3: How does the writer organize his introduction to the history of Sarek?Ss: The writer organizes his introduction in the sequence of time, using time indicators such as “used to”, “around 9,000 years ago”, “soon after”, “following the reindeer”, and “in 1909”.Q4: What is the feature of the language used to introduce the history of the park?Ss: The introduction to the park is to provide facts, using time indicators to organize the events. Sentences starts with “third person” and passive voice is used more often, feeling objective.【設計意圖】學生尋找和梳理公園歷史上的重要事件,體會人與自然的和諧關(guān)系,評鑒介紹性語言的特點?!竞诵乃仞B(yǎng)提升點】發(fā)展自主提取、梳理文本信息能力,訓練邏輯思維和高階思維。Activity 3: Highlighting the secret of the text
【設計意圖】 基于上述分析,學生總結(jié)新聞故事語篇類型的特征,即標題的省略性、導語的概括性、數(shù)據(jù)的支撐性和引語的重要性。在此過程中,學生對新聞故事語篇類型有了更深層次的了解,對于學生閱讀和寫作具有重要意義。Activity 7: Discussing to make a writing outline.本活動為實現(xiàn)課時目標3。1.Discuss and make an outline.Ask students to discuss in groups of four and make their own writing outline.To celebrate the 70th anniversary of the People’s Republic of China, our school newspaper starts a new column about “People of Achievement”. You plan to write a news story about one of the winners of the Medal of the Republic in 2019, including Yu Min, Shen Jilan, Sun Jiadong, Li Yannian, Zhang Fuqing, Yuan Longping, Huang Xuhua and Tu Youyou.【設計意圖】 教師創(chuàng)設情境,即為慶祝新中國成立70周年,校報新增有關(guān)卓有成就人物的欄目,你將從共和國勛章獲得者中,選擇一位寫一篇新聞故事,向該欄目投稿。學生以小組合作形式,展開討論,并寫出新聞故事框架,有助于學生課后收集人物信息,撰寫新聞故事。
【設計意圖】以“新科技是一把雙刃劍”為主題開展討論活動。這個話題比較大,所以給了一定的限制,首先需要以智能家居為例來闡述科技發(fā)展對未來生活產(chǎn)生的影響,然后列舉其優(yōu)點和缺點,最后就以上現(xiàn)象發(fā)表自己的觀點。這個活動是對整個文本的創(chuàng)意性總結(jié)與意義的升華,留給學生一定的想象空間,學生借此機會可以運用文本內(nèi)容和語言表達自己對科技發(fā)展的看法和態(tài)度。Assignments:1. Finish Exercise 4 on Page 15 of the textbook.A smart home is one that integrated computers into the structure of the building itself. In this way, many of the things that we now do ourselves become automatic. For example, the smart home could control the air conditioning and lights so that you would no longer have to turn switches on and off, and so that your home would be more energy-efficient. The smart home could also monitor itself to make sure that everything is working as it should, and send you warnings if there is a problem. Such smart homes could even be programmed to detect your health problems, and then give you reasonable advice as to the food you should eat or if you should see a doctor. So, in a sense, smart homes will lead us to living smarter lives.2.Create a smart function for your home, and share your creation in the next period.
【詞匯精講】highlight n.最好或最精彩的部分 vt.突出;強調(diào);使醒目One of the highlights of the trip was seeing the Taj Mahal.這次旅行的亮點之一是參觀泰姬陵。Your resume should highlight your skills and achievements.你的簡歷應該突出你的技能和成就。The report highlights the major problems facing society today.報告強調(diào)了當今社會所面臨的主要問題。I’ve highlighted the important passages in yellow.我用黃色標出了重要段落。7.Edmonton is freezing cold in winter,with daily temperatures averaging -10 ℃.埃德蒙頓冬季寒冷,日平均氣溫為-10°C?!驹~匯精講】freezing adj.極冷的;冰凍的Leave a basin of water outside in freezing weather.在冰凍的天氣里,放一盆水在室外。It’s freezing cold outside so wear a warm coat.外面超冷的,所以穿一個暖和一點的外套吧。8.It was not until 9:30 a.m.that they finally reached the capital of Ontario,Toronto.直到上午9時30分,他們才終于到達多倫多的首府安大略省?!揪涫狡饰觥勘揪涫且粋€強調(diào)句,強調(diào)的是句子的時間狀語until 9:30。含有not...until...的句子的強調(diào)句為It is not until...that...,that后面的句子要用肯定形式。It was not until then that I suddenly realized nobody was happier than I was.直到那時我才突然意識到?jīng)]有人比我更幸福了。
本閱讀材料的話題是交際中的肢體語言,作者從三個方面講述了肢體語言的特征與作用,通過主題句和舉例闡述的方式讓讀者了解不同文化中肢體語言的相同或者不同的意義,并從更抽象、概括的維度深入認識肢體語言的特點,理解肢體語言的作用?;谥w語言的特點,作者提醒讀者在與人交流中,尤其是當文化背景有差異的時候,要使用得體的肢體語言,尊重、理解和包容不同的文化,進行有效、有素養(yǎng)的溝通。文本共由六個段落組成,篇章結(jié)構(gòu)為“總—分”。第一段用簡練的語言引出了話題,并且從我們自身表達的需要和了解他人感受兩個角度講述了肢體語言的作用。第二段闡述了肢體語言的第一個重要特點——肢體語言在不同的文化中有不同的內(nèi)涵——這也是文中寫作篇幅最大的一個要點,最為重要。通過講述肢體語言的這一特點,作者向讀者傳遞了要尊重不同的文化、要使用與所在文化相宜的肢體語言。
1. 完成文本主要信息填空(斜體字部分設空):As a witness to farmers’ poor harvests and even a severe shortage of food, Yuan Longping was determined to devote his life to tackling this crisis. After graduation, he realized that what farmers needed most was to boost yields in the fields. Yuan was convinced that the answer lay in the creation of hybrid rice, one characteristic of which is that it usually achieve higher output than conventional crops. However, it was no easy job. The first difficulty he needed to overcome was scientists’ general assumption that this could not be done. Through trial and error, Yuan managed to generate this incredible crop. It is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China was comprised of crops generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains. His innovation has enabled Chinese farmers to considerably expand their output and helped feed the world. Unwilling to retire early to a life of leisure and unconcerned about celebrity or fortune, Yuan continues to turn one vision after another into realities.2. 模仿寫作:Do some research via the Internet and introduce another agricultural scientist, Chen Risheng(陳日勝), using the structure, expressions and writing techniques you have learnt from the text “A Pioneer for All People”.【設計意圖】任務1是對文本內(nèi)容和詞匯學習成效的檢測。任務2借助文本中學到的詞匯和寫作手法仿寫另一位科學家,提升學生遷移運用詞匯、文體結(jié)構(gòu)和寫作方法的能力。
1. We'll need ten months at least to have the restaurant decorated.2.Some traditional Chinese dishes from before the Ming Dynasty are still popular today.3.My grandpa's breakfast mainly includes whole grain biscuits and a glass of milk.4.People in this area would eat nearly a kilo of cheese per week.5. We enjoyed a special dinner in a fancy restaurant where the waiters all wore attractive suits.6. He prefers this brand of coffee which, as he said, has an unusually good flavor.Key:1. at a minimum 2. prior to3. consist of4. consume5. elegant6. exceptionalStep 5:Familiarize yourself with some food idioms by matching the meaning on the right with the colored words on the left.1.Public concern for the health of farm animals has mushroomed in the UK2.Anderson may be young but he's certainly rolling to doing dough!3.George is a popular lecturer. He often peppers his speech with jokes.4.As the person to bring home the bacon, he needs to find a stable job.5 He is often regarded as a ham actor for his over emphasized facial expressions. The media reported that these companies had treated pollution as a hot potato. 6.The media reported that these companies had treated pollution as a hot potato.7.Don't worry about the test tomorrow. It's going to be a piece of cake!8. It's best to fold the swimming ring when it is as flat as a pancake.A. completely flatB. something that is very easy to do C.an issue that is hard to deal withD.to include large numbers of somethingE.to earn on e's living to support a familyF. wealthyG.to rapidly increase in numberH. an actor who performs badly, especially by over emphasizing emotions
The activity theme of this section is to design various activities around the key words in the first text. Therefore, the activities require students to pay attention to the spelling of words. On the other hand, let students grasp the meaning of words more accurately through sentences and short texts. This kind of teaching design also helps to improve the ability of using English thinking.1. Cultivating students' ability to use word formation to induce and memorize vocabulary, and the ability to use lexical chunks to express meaning.2. Guide the students to think independently and use the correct form of words to complete sentences3. Cultivate students' habit of using lexical chunks to express language completely, guide students to draw words in sentences quickly, pay attention to word collocation, so as to accumulate more authentic expressions4. Instruct students to create sentences with the chunks.1. Enable students to use the language points in the real situation or specific contexts flexibly and appropriately.2. Guiding the Ss to use unit topic words and the sentence patterns in a richer context.Step1: Think of a word that best fits each definition.1. to remember sth2.to accept, admit, or recognize sth or the truth/existence of sth3. the process of changing sth or yourself to suit a new situation4 .to make sb feel less worried or unhappy5. a strong desire to achieve sth
你校英語報計劃出版一期急救常識???現(xiàn)面向全校學生公開征集稿件,你有意參加。請你根據(jù)下面提示內(nèi)容,用英語寫一篇短文,介紹在車禍現(xiàn)場對傷者進行急救的方法和步驟。1.確保現(xiàn)場的安全;2.詢問傷者,確保其呼吸正常;3.檢查傷口,如流血則應采取止血措施;4.如需急救,確保其處于康復位置。注意:1.詞數(shù)80左右;2.可以適當增加細節(jié),以使行文連貫。參考詞匯:康復位置 recovery positionAs we all know, having a knowledge of first aid can make a great difference in our daily life. If a traffic accident happens and someone is injured, the following steps can be used to treat the injured.In the first place, we should make sure that the accident scene is safe so that we won’t get hurt. We should ask the injured person if he is OK, and see if he is breathing. What’s more, we should check for cuts and wounds. If he is bleeding badly, it is vital that we should try to stop the bleeding by applying pressure to the injury. This is because if a person loses too much blood, he may die. If necessary, take the injured person to the hospital as soon as possible.Do remember: when giving first aid, please be sure to place the person in a recovery position.
Her tutor told her to acknowledge __________ other people had said if she cited their ideas, and advised her _______(read) lots of information in order to form __________wise opinion of her own.Now halfway __________ her exchange year, Xie Lei felt much more at home in the UK. She said __________ (engage) in British culture had helped and that she had been__________ (involve) in social activities. She also said while learning about business, she was acting as a cultural messenger __________(build) a bridge between the two countries. keys:Xie Lei, a 19yearold Chinese student, said goodbye to her family and friends in China and boarded (board) a plane for London six months ago in order to get a business qualification. She was ambitious(ambition) to set up a business after graduation. It was the first time that she had left (leave) home.At first, Xie Lei had to adapt to life in a different country. She chose to live with a host family, who can help with her adaptation (adapt) to the new culture. When she missed home, she felt comforted (comfort) to have a second family. Also Xie Lei had to satisfy academic requirements. Her tutor told her to acknowledge what other people had said if she cited their ideas, and advised her to read lots of information in order to form a wise opinion of her own.Now halfway through her exchange year, Xie Lei felt much more at home in the UK. She said engaging (engage) in British culture had helped and that she had been involved (involve) in social activities. She also said while learning about business, she was acting as a cultural messenger building a bridge between the two countries.
The theme of this part is to write an article about healthy diet. Through reading and writing activities, students can accumulate knowledge about healthy diet, deepen their understanding of the theme of healthy diet, and reflect on their own eating habits. This text describes the basic principles of healthy diet. The author uses data analysis, definition, comparison, examples and other methods. It also provides a demonstration of the use of conjunctions, which provides important information reference for students to complete the next collaborative task, writing skills, vivid language materials and expressions.1. Teach Ss to learn and skillfully use the new words learned from the text.2. Develop students’ ability to understand, extract and summarize information.3. Guide students to understand the theme of healthy diet and reflect on their own eating habits.4. To guide students to analyze and understand the reading discourse from the aspects of theme content, writing structure, language expression, etc., 5. Enable Ss to write in combination with relevant topics and opinions, and to talk about their eating habits.1. Guide students to analyze and understand the reading discourse from the aspects of theme content, writing structure, language expression, etc.2. Enable them to write in combination with relevant topics and opinions, and to talk about their eating habits.3. Guide the students to use the cohesive words correctly, strengthen the textual cohesion, and make the expression fluent and the thinking clear.Step1: Warming upbrainstorm some healthy eating habits.1.Eat slowly.2.Don’t eat too much fat or sugar.3.Eat healthy food.4.Have a balanced diet.Step2: Read the passage and then sum up the main idea of each paragraph.