在學(xué)生回答的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行歸納小結(jié):發(fā)展城市公共交通? 明確道路分工? 合理規(guī)劃停車(chē)場(chǎng)? 減少出行距離? 錯(cuò)開(kāi)出行高峰? 加大城市道路建設(shè)? 進(jìn)行科學(xué)合理的交通管理,重視智能交通系統(tǒng)的建設(shè)提問(wèn):這組同學(xué)在幻燈片中提到城市環(huán)境污染源主要有哪些?城市交通環(huán)境問(wèn)題除了交通工具的尾氣排放帶來(lái)大氣污染外,還會(huì)給城市環(huán)境帶來(lái)什么問(wèn)題?這組同學(xué)基本同意自行車(chē)多是加劇南京空氣污染的間接原因,你同意他們的觀點(diǎn)嗎?在學(xué)生回答的基礎(chǔ)上,教師進(jìn)行歸納小結(jié):自行車(chē)是一種綠色交通工具,既環(huán)保又經(jīng)濟(jì)。只有當(dāng)它在某些機(jī)動(dòng)車(chē)和非機(jī)動(dòng)車(chē)不分的地段,影響車(chē)輛行駛速度的時(shí)候,它才可能成為加劇空氣污染的間接原因。那么我們針對(duì)交通工具對(duì)環(huán)境造成的影響,除了這組同學(xué)提到的三點(diǎn)解決措施以外,我們還有什么要補(bǔ)充的解決方法嗎?
3、馬克思主義的三大思想來(lái)源之一——空想社會(huì)主義理論,教師可以采用多媒體技術(shù)、投放幻燈片、人物圖片等資料進(jìn)行處理。這樣既能增強(qiáng)課堂的趣味性,激發(fā)學(xué)生的興趣,也容易讓學(xué)生理解什么是“空想社會(huì)主義”。可以分別投放圣西門(mén)的實(shí)業(yè)制度、傅立葉的“法朗吉”和歐文的“新和諧公社”等資料加深學(xué)生的理解。為了充分發(fā)揮學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)主體性地位,還可以利用教材中“學(xué)習(xí)思考”的問(wèn)題設(shè)計(jì):為什么說(shuō)圣西門(mén)等思想家提出的設(shè)想是空想的?讓學(xué)生在教師提供的材料中探究答案。至于馬克思主義的另兩大思想來(lái)源:德意志古典哲學(xué)、英國(guó)古典政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)可以簡(jiǎn)單處理。而馬克思、恩格斯為無(wú)產(chǎn)階級(jí)革命事業(yè)奮斗的事跡以及馬恩兩人的友誼是可以稍加擴(kuò)長(zhǎng)的部分,教師可事先布置學(xué)生任務(wù),讓學(xué)生通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)或者書(shū)籍去查找相關(guān)知識(shí),也或者由教師在課堂上補(bǔ)充相關(guān)資料,調(diào)節(jié)課堂氣氛。
我們知道事物之間的矛盾會(huì)發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)化。但是,由于老子看不到轉(zhuǎn)化的條件,更看不到人的主觀能動(dòng)性,因此他對(duì)人類社會(huì)的發(fā)展抱著消極悲觀的態(tài)度,幻想回到“雞犬之聲相聞,老死不相往來(lái)”的“小國(guó)寡民”的社會(huì)。他的思想,通過(guò)《老子》一書(shū)留傳了下來(lái)。后來(lái)的莊子繼承了老子的思想,把“道”作為世界最高的原則,我們可以來(lái)看發(fā)生在莊子身上的一個(gè)故事:莊子在妻子死后,居然鼓盆而歌,朋友惠施去探望時(shí)責(zé)備他,他講出一番道理:“當(dāng)我妻子剛死的時(shí)候,我怎么會(huì)不難過(guò)?可是我省思之后,覺(jué)察到她不但沒(méi)有生命,而且沒(méi)有形體;不但沒(méi)有形體,也沒(méi)有氣,然后在恍恍惚惚的情況下,變出了氣,氣再變化而出現(xiàn)形體,形體再變化而出現(xiàn)生命,現(xiàn)在又變化而回到死亡,這就好像春夏秋冬四季的運(yùn)行一樣。這個(gè)人已經(jīng)安靜地睡在天地的大屋里,而我還跟在一旁哭哭啼啼。我以為這樣是不明白生命的道理,所以才停止哭泣啊!”
這是略帶提高性的問(wèn)題,旨在提高學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)歷史的能力,搞清這一歷史問(wèn)題有助于理解中西歷史發(fā)展的不同。(學(xué)生討論,教師總結(jié)歸納并展示。)不是資產(chǎn)階級(jí)民主思想,因?yàn)樗鼈兪琴Y本主義萌芽的產(chǎn)物,資產(chǎn)階級(jí)作為一個(gè)階級(jí)還沒(méi)有產(chǎn)生。中國(guó)民主思想只停留在批判的層次上,并沒(méi)有提出新的思想,更沒(méi)有認(rèn)識(shí)到人的基本權(quán)利。它沒(méi)有成為主流思想,因此沒(méi)有促進(jìn)明清社會(huì)的轉(zhuǎn)型,尚未突破封建思想的束縛。而啟蒙思想集中力量批判專制主義、教權(quán)主義,描繪了未來(lái)資本主義社會(huì)的宏偉藍(lán)圖,開(kāi)成了強(qiáng)大的社會(huì)思潮,推動(dòng)了社會(huì)向資本主義社會(huì)的轉(zhuǎn)變。原因:(1)明清之際的資本主義萌芽較為脆弱,使早期民主思想的產(chǎn)生、發(fā)展缺乏強(qiáng)有力的物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)。(2)中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化的束縛和影響。(3)高度強(qiáng)化的專制中央集權(quán)制度的壓制使早期民主思想未能形成完整的體系。
1.基因的化學(xué)組成:每個(gè)基因含有成百上千個(gè)脫氧核苷酸。講述:基因的脫氧核苷酸排列順序代表遺傳信息。2.基因不同的實(shí)質(zhì):不同的基因,四種脫氧核苷酸的排列順序不同,但是每個(gè)基因都有特定的排列順序。3.基因的位置:染色體是基因的主要載體,每個(gè)染色體含有一個(gè)DNA分子,每個(gè)DNA分子含有多個(gè)基因,基因在染色體上呈直線排列。4.基因是有遺傳效應(yīng)的DNA片段這就是說(shuō),基因是DNA的片段,但必須具有遺傳效應(yīng)(指具有復(fù)制、轉(zhuǎn)錄、翻譯、重組突變及調(diào)控等功能)。有的DNA片段屬間隔區(qū)段,沒(méi)有控制性狀的作用,這樣的DNA片段就不是基因。控制某種性狀的基因有特定的DNA片段,蘊(yùn)含特定的遺傳信息,可以切除,可以拼接到其他生物的DNA上,從而獲得某種性狀的表達(dá)。例如:把牛的胰島素基因拼接到大腸桿菌的DNA上,大腸桿菌可以生產(chǎn)胰島素。
六、說(shuō)教學(xué)反思由于本節(jié)內(nèi)容抽象復(fù)雜, 插圖多, 涉及的物質(zhì)種類也比較多,應(yīng)要求學(xué)生做好課前預(yù)習(xí)。教學(xué)中,在處理主干知識(shí)和側(cè)枝內(nèi)容的關(guān)系時(shí),要做到合理分配時(shí)間,明確不同內(nèi)容的教學(xué)要求。教師要注意將知識(shí)及時(shí)進(jìn)行歸納、比較和總結(jié)。要讓學(xué)生了解各個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)間的內(nèi)在關(guān)系,又要能簡(jiǎn)潔、清晰地概述轉(zhuǎn)錄和翻譯的過(guò)程。教師在備課時(shí),一定要仔細(xì)分辨并揣摩插圖所表達(dá)的意思,并能將不同的插圖內(nèi)容與教學(xué)流程有機(jī)地結(jié)合起來(lái)。在對(duì)插圖的處理上,還應(yīng)分清主次和輕重。教材在呈現(xiàn)教學(xué)內(nèi)容時(shí),采用圖文并茂的方式來(lái)揭示轉(zhuǎn)錄與翻譯的動(dòng)態(tài)過(guò)程。因此,教師不僅要利用插圖達(dá)到形象和直觀的教學(xué)效果,還應(yīng)配合教材中的文字描述作深入淺出的講解,使文字信息與圖形信息結(jié)合起來(lái),讓學(xué)生感知到基因的表達(dá)是一個(gè)多層次的、動(dòng)態(tài)的、相互協(xié)調(diào)和配合的過(guò)程。盡可能利用多媒體課件進(jìn)行教學(xué)。多媒體課件可以形象、生動(dòng)地反映基因表達(dá)的過(guò)程,這是紙質(zhì)教材難以做到的。
一、說(shuō)教材1、教材的地位和作用《孟德?tīng)柕耐愣闺s交實(shí)驗(yàn)(一)》這一課題是高中生物必修2第一章第一節(jié)第一部分的內(nèi)容,是學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)孟德?tīng)柕耐愣闺s交實(shí)驗(yàn)(二)的基礎(chǔ),也是第二章《減數(shù)分裂與受精作用》這節(jié)知識(shí)的重要基礎(chǔ),又并為后續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)生物變異與生物進(jìn)化奠基,所以在教材中起到承上啟下的作用。因此從這個(gè)地位來(lái)看,這部分內(nèi)容不僅是本章的重點(diǎn),更是整個(gè)必修2的重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容。本節(jié)的教學(xué)內(nèi)容是按照孟德?tīng)柕奶剿鬟^(guò)程由現(xiàn)象到實(shí)質(zhì),層層深入地展開(kāi)的。教材首先介紹了孟德?tīng)柕碾s交實(shí)驗(yàn)方法和觀察到的實(shí)驗(yàn)現(xiàn)象,接著介紹了孟德?tīng)枌?duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)現(xiàn)象的分析,然后介紹了對(duì)分離現(xiàn)象解釋的驗(yàn)證,最后歸納總結(jié)出分離定律。在教學(xué)內(nèi)容的組織上體現(xiàn)了學(xué)科內(nèi)在邏輯性與學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)規(guī)律的統(tǒng)一。與原教材比較,有了新的突破主要表現(xiàn)在三方面:
下面要針對(duì)工業(yè)地域內(nèi)部的工業(yè)聯(lián)系進(jìn)行講解,這里主要涉及到的是工序上的工業(yè)聯(lián)系。在這段文字的處理上,我會(huì)將鋼鐵、石化、機(jī)械加工等工業(yè)部門(mén)分散成一步一步的工序,便于學(xué)生理解這種工業(yè)上的聯(lián)系方式與構(gòu)造,進(jìn)而對(duì)于工業(yè)的發(fā)育程度這一概念的理解也就相對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單了。緊接著需要講述的是工業(yè)分散的內(nèi)容。工業(yè)分散是建立在現(xiàn)代的交通運(yùn)輸方式和通信技術(shù)與手段上的。它主要針對(duì)的是體積小、重量輕、價(jià)格昂貴的電子產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)領(lǐng)域,目的是根據(jù)原件的不同性質(zhì)選擇不同的生產(chǎn)地域,利用其各異的優(yōu)勢(shì)條件以節(jié)省開(kāi)支。由于案例都是針對(duì)高科技產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)而提出的,因此在這段教材的教學(xué)中我會(huì)注意避免將工業(yè)分散這一現(xiàn)象描述得更為高級(jí)。要讓學(xué)生明白,無(wú)論是工業(yè)集聚還是工業(yè)分散,它們之間是沒(méi)有好壞之分的。最后將進(jìn)行課堂小結(jié),由于本節(jié)內(nèi)容較少且相對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單,可以在最后適當(dāng)添加部分練習(xí)題,重點(diǎn)考察一二兩節(jié)的相關(guān)知識(shí)點(diǎn)。
一、教材分析行星的運(yùn)動(dòng)選自人教版普通高中物理必修2第六章第1節(jié)。本節(jié)教學(xué)既是前面《運(yùn)動(dòng)的描述》和《曲線運(yùn)動(dòng)》內(nèi)容的進(jìn)一步的延伸和拓展,又能為后面學(xué)習(xí)萬(wàn)有引力定律做鋪墊。在本章中占有較為重要的地位,具有承前啟后的作用。同時(shí)該節(jié)內(nèi)容也涉及大量物理史實(shí)、貼近學(xué)生生活和聯(lián)系社會(huì)實(shí)際的事實(shí),可進(jìn)一步培育學(xué)生的科學(xué)情感、精神和發(fā)展觀。(一)教學(xué)目標(biāo) 1.知識(shí)與技能(1)知道地心說(shuō)和日心說(shuō)的基本內(nèi)容。(2.)掌握理解開(kāi)普勒三大定律的內(nèi)容,并能應(yīng)用。(3)理解人們對(duì)行星運(yùn)動(dòng)的認(rèn)識(shí)過(guò)程是漫長(zhǎng)復(fù)雜的,真理是來(lái)之不易的。2.過(guò)程與方法通過(guò)托勒密、哥白尼、第谷·布拉赫、開(kāi)普勒等幾位科學(xué)家對(duì)行星運(yùn)動(dòng)的不同認(rèn)識(shí),了解人類認(rèn)識(shí)事物本質(zhì)的曲折性并加深對(duì)行星運(yùn)動(dòng)的理解。3.情感、態(tài)度與價(jià)值觀(1)澄清對(duì)天體運(yùn)動(dòng)神秘、模糊的認(rèn)識(shí),掌握人類認(rèn)識(shí)自然規(guī)律的科學(xué)方法。(2)感悟科學(xué)是人類進(jìn)步不竭的動(dòng)力。
(一)教材的地位與作用教材第一部分的順序是:先給學(xué)生洋流的概念以及洋流按照性質(zhì)的分類,接著說(shuō)明洋流的主要成因與盛行風(fēng)有關(guān)。并結(jié)合風(fēng)帶與洋流模式圖總結(jié)和歸納了洋流的分布規(guī)律。最后,給出世界表層洋流的冬季分布圖,讓學(xué)生讀圖思考的問(wèn)題主要涉及洋流的分布規(guī)律和原因。教材第二部分闡述了洋流對(duì)地理環(huán)境四個(gè)方面的影響。教材的順序和要求與課標(biāo)要求、學(xué)生認(rèn)知規(guī)律有矛盾的地方,需要重組教學(xué)的順序——先由洋流對(duì)地理環(huán)境和人類活動(dòng)的影響的例子來(lái)設(shè)置懸念,激發(fā)學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)的欲望,提供材料歸納世界表層洋流的分布規(guī)律,再探究其主要驅(qū)動(dòng)力。(二)教學(xué)目標(biāo)(1)知識(shí)與技能目標(biāo):①運(yùn)用地圖,從分布位置、運(yùn)動(dòng)方向、寒暖流的位置來(lái)歸納世界表層洋流的分布規(guī)律②畫(huà)出世界表層洋流的分布簡(jiǎn)單模式圖③掌握洋流的主要成因
師我國(guó)河流眾多,長(zhǎng)江流域、黃河流域、珠江流域等正在繼續(xù)開(kāi)發(fā),出示“長(zhǎng)江流域示意圖”,請(qǐng)同學(xué)們借鑒今天所學(xué)的分析方法,分析長(zhǎng)江流域發(fā)展的自然地理?xiàng)l件。(學(xué)生相互交流、討論)生略。師長(zhǎng)江干流全長(zhǎng)6300余千米,發(fā)源于青藏高原,流經(jīng)青、藏、滇、川、渝、鄂、湘、贛、皖、蘇、滬,奔入東海。水域遼闊,總面積達(dá)180萬(wàn)平方千米,流經(jīng)我國(guó)半壁河山。水量汪洋壯闊,多年平均入海近10000億立方米。流域內(nèi)總?cè)丝?、耕地各約占全國(guó)的35%,工農(nóng)業(yè)總產(chǎn)值占全國(guó)的40%~50%,歷來(lái)是中華民族繁衍的沃土。流域經(jīng)過(guò)我國(guó)三大階梯,流經(jīng)青藏高原、橫斷山脈、四川盆地、云貴高原、長(zhǎng)江中下游平原等地形區(qū)。流域內(nèi)水系發(fā)達(dá)、眾多,以亞熱帶季風(fēng)氣候?yàn)橹?,氣候溫暖濕?rùn),降水量豐富,河流水量大,水能資源、森林資源、礦產(chǎn)資源豐富,長(zhǎng)江干流自古以來(lái)就是我國(guó)東西航運(yùn)的大動(dòng)脈,溝通內(nèi)地和沿海的廣大地區(qū),干支流通航里程約占全國(guó)內(nèi)河航道總里程的2/3,形成了一個(gè)縱橫廣闊的水運(yùn)網(wǎng),被譽(yù)為“黃金水道”。
The price is the same as(the price was)before the war.價(jià)格與戰(zhàn)前相同。(4)定語(yǔ)從句中的“關(guān)系代詞+助動(dòng)詞be”可以省略。The ticket(that/which was)booked by his sister has been sent to him.他妹妹訂的那張票已送到了他那里。Step 5 PracticeActivity 3(1) Guide students to complete the four activities in the Using Structures part of exercise book, in which activities 1 and 2 focus on ellipsis in dialogue answers, activity 3 focus on signs and headlines, two typical situations where ellipsis is used, and activity 4 focus on ellipsis in diary, an informal style.(2) Combine the examples in the above activities, ask students to summarize the omitted situations in groups, and make their own summary into a poster, and post it on the class wall after class to share with the class.(This step should give full play to the subjectivity of students, and teachers should encourage students to conclude different ellipsis phenomena according to their own understanding, they can conclude according to the different parts omitted in the sentence.)Step 6 Homework1. Understand and master the usages of ellipsis;2. Finish the other exercises in Using structures of Workbook.1、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生是否理解和掌握省略的用法;2、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境或情景恢復(fù)句子中省略的成分,體會(huì)使用省略的效果;3、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否獨(dú)立完成練習(xí)冊(cè)和導(dǎo)學(xué)案中的相關(guān)練習(xí)。
(2)Consolidate key vocabulary.Ask the students to complete the exercises of activity 6 by themselves. Then ask them to check the answers with their partners.(The first language:Damage of the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and fire.A second language: Yunnan - one of the most diverse provinces in China).Step 5 Language points1. The teacher asks the students to read the text carefully, find out the more words and long and difficult sentences in the text and draw lines, understand the use of vocabulary, and analyze the structure of long and difficult sentences.2. The teacher explains and summarizes the usage of core vocabulary and asks the students to take notes.3. The teacher analyzes and explains the long and difficult sentences that the students don't understand, so that the students can understand them better.Step 6 Homework1. Read the text again, in-depth understanding of the text;2. Master the use of core vocabulary and understand the long and difficult sentences.3. Complete relevant exercises in the guide plan.1、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生是否理解和掌握閱讀文本中的新詞匯的意義與用法;2、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否結(jié)合文本特點(diǎn)了解文章的結(jié)構(gòu)和作者的寫(xiě)作邏輯;3、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否了解舊金山的城市風(fēng)貌、文化特色,以及加利福尼亞州的歷史,體會(huì)多元文化對(duì)美國(guó)的影響。
1. Ss look at the picture and scan the passage to understand the main idea while teacher is giving the following questions to inspire Ss to think.*Where are those people?*What are they doing?*Why are they so excited?2. Ss complete the passage with the appropriate -ing form. Then discuss and check the answers with class.Answers: boring, interesting, taking, exciting, amazing3. The teacher raises questions for the students to discuss and encourages them to express their opinions.*Do you like La Tomatina? Why or why not?4. Each group representative reports the discussion result, the teacher gives feedback and the evaluation.Step 6 PracticeActivity 41. Ss complete the Ex 2 in Using structures.2. Check the answers after finishing the exercises.①The dragon boat races are the most exciting part of the Dragon Boat Festival.② The children were excited to go Easter egg hunting.③What an amazing performance! This is the best music festival I have ever been to.④We were amazed by her funny-looking hat.⑤His inspiring speech at the conference won the admiration/ favour of the audience.⑥This is a challenging game to test your memory and observation capabilities. 3. T asks Ss to finish Ex 3 and 4 in Using structures by themselves, then check the answers with class.Step 6 Homework1. Understand and master the functions and usage of the -ing form;2. Finish the other exercises in Using structures.1、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生是否理解和掌握動(dòng)詞-ing形式作定語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)的功能和意義;2、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否在理解文段內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境和表達(dá)邏輯,能正確運(yùn)用動(dòng)詞-ing形式描述節(jié)日慶典。3、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生是否歸納和積累用于表達(dá)情緒的相關(guān)詞匯。
*wide range of origins(= a great number of different origins, many kinds of origins)*It featured a parade and a great feast with music, dancing, and sports. (=A parade and a great feast with music, dancing, and sports were included as important parts of the Egyptian harvest festival.)*.. some traditions may fade away and others may be established.(= Some traditions may disappear gradually, while other new traditions may come into being.)Step 6 Practice(1) Listen and follow the tape.The teacher may remind the students to pay attention to the meaning and usage of the black words in the context, so as to prepare for the completion of the blanks in activity 5 and vocabulary exercises in the exercise book.(2) Students complete the text of activity 5 by themselves.The teacher needs to remind the students to fill in the blanks with the correct form of the vocabulary they have learned in the text.Students exchange their answers with their partners, and then teachers and students check their answers.(3)Finish the Ex in Activity 5 of students’ book.Step 7 Homework1. Read the text again, in-depth understanding of the text;2. Discuss the origin of festivals, the historical changes of related customs, the influence of commercial society on festivals and the connotation and essential meaning of festivals.3. Complete relevant exercises in the guide plan.1、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生是否理解和掌握閱讀文本中的新詞匯的意義與用法;2、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否結(jié)合文本特點(diǎn)快速而準(zhǔn)確地找到主題句;3、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否理清論說(shuō)文的語(yǔ)篇結(jié)構(gòu)和文本邏輯,了解節(jié)日風(fēng)俗發(fā)展與變遷,感悟節(jié)日的內(nèi)涵與意義。
該板塊的活動(dòng)主題是“介紹一個(gè)有顯著文化特征的地方”( Describe a place with distinctive cultural identity)。該板塊通過(guò)介紹中國(guó)城繼續(xù)聚焦中國(guó)文化。本單元主題圖呈現(xiàn)的是舊金山中國(guó)城的典型景象, Reading and Thinking部分也提到中國(guó)城,為該板塊作鋪墊。介紹中國(guó)城的目的主要是體現(xiàn)中國(guó)文化與美國(guó)多元文化的關(guān)系,它是美國(guó)多元文化的重要組成部分。中國(guó)城也是海外華人的精神家園和傳播中國(guó)文化的重要窗口,外國(guó)人在中國(guó)城能近距離體驗(yàn)中國(guó)文化。1. Read the text to understand the cultural characteristics of Chinatown in San Francisco and the relationship between Chinese culture and American multiculturalism;2. Through reading, learn to comb the main information of the article, understand the author's writing purpose and writing characteristics;3. Learn to give a comprehensive, accurate, and organized description of the city or town you live in;Learn to revise and evaluate your writing.Importance:1. Guide the students to read the introduction of Chinatown in San Francisco and grasp its writing characteristics;2. Guide students to introduce their city or town in a comprehensive, accurate and organized way;3. Learn to comb the main information of the article, understand the author's writing purpose, and master the core vocabulary.
本板塊的活動(dòng)主題是“談?wù)摴?jié)日活動(dòng)”(Talk about festival activities),主要是從貼近學(xué)生日常生活的角度來(lái)切入“節(jié)日”主題。學(xué)生會(huì)聽(tīng)到發(fā)生在三個(gè)國(guó)家不同節(jié)日?qǐng)鼍跋碌暮?jiǎn)短對(duì)話,對(duì)話中的人們正在參與或?qū)⒁H歷不同的慶?;顒?dòng)。隨著全球化的進(jìn)程加速,國(guó)際交流日益頻繁,無(wú)論是國(guó)人走出國(guó)門(mén)還是外國(guó)友人訪問(wèn)中國(guó),都已成為司空見(jiàn)慣的事情。因此,該板塊所選取的三個(gè)典型節(jié)日?qǐng)鼍岸际菍儆诳缥幕浑H語(yǔ)境,不僅每組對(duì)話中的人物來(lái)自不同的文化背景,對(duì)話者的身份和關(guān)系也不盡相同。1. Master the new words related to holiday: the lantern, Carnival, costume, dress(sb)up, march, congratulation, congratulate, riddle, ceremony, samba, make - up, after all. 2. To understand the origin of major world festivals and the activities held to celebrate them and the significance of these activities;3. Improve listening comprehension and oral expression of the topic by listening and talking about traditional festivals around the world;4. Improve my understanding of the topic by watching pictures and videos about different traditional festivals around the world;5. Review the common assimilation phenomenon in English phonetics, can distinguish the assimilated phonemes in the natural language flow, and consciously use the assimilation skill in oral expression. Importance:1. Guide students to pay attention to the attitude of the speaker in the process of listening, and identify the relationship between the characters;2. Inspire students to use topic words to describe the festival activities based on their background knowledge. Difficulties:In the process of listening to the correct understanding of the speaker's attitude, accurately identify the relationship between the characters.
Activity 81.Grasp the main idea of the listening.Listen to the tape and answer the following questions:Who are the two speakers in the listening? What is their relationship?What is the main idea of the first part of the listening? How about the second part?2.Complete the passage.Ask the students to quickly review the summaries of the two listening materials in activity 2. Then play the recording for the second time.Ask them to complete the passage and fill in the blanks.3.Play the recording again and ask the students to use the structure diagram to comb the information structure in the listening.(While listening, take notes. Capture key information quickly and accurately.)Step 8 Talking Activity 91.Focus on the listening text.Listen to the students and listen to the tape. Let them understand the attitudes of Wu Yue and Justin in the conversation.How does Wu Yue feel about Chinese minority cultures?What does Justin think of the Miao and Dong cultures?How do you know that?2.learn functional items that express concerns.Ask students to focus on the expressions listed in activity. 3.And try to analyze the meaning they convey, including praise (Super!).Agree (Exactly!)"(You're kidding.!)Tell me more about it. Tell me more about it.For example, "Yeah Sure." "Definitely!" "Certainly!" "No kidding!" "No wonder!" and so on.4.Ask the students to have conversations in small groups, acting as Jsim and his friends.Justin shares his travels in Guizhou with friends and his thoughts;Justin's friends should give appropriate feedback, express their interest in relevant information, and ask for information when necessary.In order to enrich the dialogue, teachers can expand and supplement the introduction of Miao, dong, Lusheng and Dong Dage.After the group practice, the teacher can choose several groups of students to show, and let the rest of the students listen carefully, after listening to the best performance of the group, and give at least two reasons.
3.甲午中日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中國(guó)戰(zhàn)敗的原因 對(duì)于“中國(guó)戰(zhàn)敗的原因”這一難點(diǎn)的突破,主要通過(guò)設(shè)置問(wèn)題“中國(guó)之?dāng)≡趯?shí)力遜于日本嗎?”通過(guò)幻燈片全方位分析其實(shí)中國(guó)的綜合國(guó)力當(dāng)時(shí)是強(qiáng)于日本的。并且在戰(zhàn)前,日本毫無(wú)取勝的把握。讓學(xué)生結(jié)合剛學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)原因和經(jīng)過(guò)進(jìn)行討論,從多方面分析中國(guó)戰(zhàn)敗的原因。經(jīng)過(guò)討論,學(xué)生可以得出以下結(jié)論:避戰(zhàn)自保方針,沒(méi)有積極備戰(zhàn),將領(lǐng)臨陣脫逃,教師肯定并總結(jié)答案進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充。中日對(duì)比:中國(guó)士兵出身農(nóng)民,軍事訓(xùn)練落后,散兵游勇;日本士兵出身武士,訓(xùn)練有素;中國(guó)將領(lǐng)大多臨陣脫逃,并相互猜忌,受當(dāng)時(shí)惡劣的官風(fēng)影響;李鴻章深知北洋海軍實(shí)情,缺乏軍費(fèi),軍備廢弛。為政治資本奉行避戰(zhàn)自保政策,慈禧太后挪用海軍軍費(fèi)過(guò)壽,支持李鴻章。使中方處于被動(dòng)的局面,一再貽誤戰(zhàn)機(jī)。而日本在天皇的帶動(dòng)下,全民備戰(zhàn),做了充分的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)準(zhǔn)備。
基于以上分析,為使本堂課圍繞重點(diǎn)、突破難點(diǎn),同時(shí)讓學(xué)生在課堂教學(xué)中能力得到提高,我設(shè)計(jì)如下教學(xué)過(guò)程。(一)創(chuàng)設(shè)情景認(rèn)識(shí)形變由同學(xué)們已有的形變知識(shí)入手,引入新課。教師演示:①?gòu)椈傻膲嚎s形變;②彈簧的拉伸形變③視頻播放:竹竿形變、鋼絲的扭轉(zhuǎn)形變。得出形變的概念及各類形變。[設(shè)計(jì)意圖:我從生活情景中引入新課,是為了激發(fā)學(xué)生的好奇心,為學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)內(nèi)容作鋪墊。]設(shè)問(wèn):摩天大樓在風(fēng)的吹拂下會(huì)不會(huì)擺動(dòng),發(fā)生形變嗎?演示微小形變放大實(shí)驗(yàn):由于這種形變不容易觀察,會(huì)使學(xué)生產(chǎn)生疑問(wèn):到底有沒(méi)有發(fā)生形變?解決的辦法是微小形變的演示實(shí)驗(yàn)。為什么光點(diǎn)會(huì)往下移?讓學(xué)生帶著問(wèn)題思考后得出結(jié)論:是由于桌面發(fā)生了形變,但是形變不明顯。為后面解決壓力和支持力都是彈力做好鋪墊。[設(shè)計(jì)意圖:使學(xué)生知道“放大”是一種科學(xué)探究的方法。]