The activity theme of this section is to design various activities around the key words in the first text. Therefore, the activities require students to pay attention to the spelling of words. On the other hand, let students grasp the meaning of words more accurately through sentences and short texts. This kind of teaching design also helps to improve the ability of using English thinking.1. Cultivating students' ability to use word formation to induce and memorize vocabulary, and the ability to use lexical chunks to express meaning.2. Guide the students to think independently and use the correct form of words to complete sentences3. Cultivate students' habit of using lexical chunks to express language completely, guide students to draw words in sentences quickly, pay attention to word collocation, so as to accumulate more authentic expressions4. Instruct students to create sentences with the chunks.1. Enable students to use the language points in the real situation or specific contexts flexibly and appropriately.2. Guiding the Ss to use unit topic words and the sentence patterns in a richer context.Step1: Think of a word that best fits each definition.1. to remember sth2.to accept, admit, or recognize sth or the truth/existence of sth3. the process of changing sth or yourself to suit a new situation4 .to make sb feel less worried or unhappy5. a strong desire to achieve sth
Her tutor told her to acknowledge __________ other people had said if she cited their ideas, and advised her _______(read) lots of information in order to form __________wise opinion of her own.Now halfway __________ her exchange year, Xie Lei felt much more at home in the UK. She said __________ (engage) in British culture had helped and that she had been__________ (involve) in social activities. She also said while learning about business, she was acting as a cultural messenger __________(build) a bridge between the two countries. keys:Xie Lei, a 19yearold Chinese student, said goodbye to her family and friends in China and boarded (board) a plane for London six months ago in order to get a business qualification. She was ambitious(ambition) to set up a business after graduation. It was the first time that she had left (leave) home.At first, Xie Lei had to adapt to life in a different country. She chose to live with a host family, who can help with her adaptation (adapt) to the new culture. When she missed home, she felt comforted (comfort) to have a second family. Also Xie Lei had to satisfy academic requirements. Her tutor told her to acknowledge what other people had said if she cited their ideas, and advised her to read lots of information in order to form a wise opinion of her own.Now halfway through her exchange year, Xie Lei felt much more at home in the UK. She said engaging (engage) in British culture had helped and that she had been involved (involve) in social activities. She also said while learning about business, she was acting as a cultural messenger building a bridge between the two countries.
The theme of this section is to express people's views on studying abroad. With the continuous development of Chinese economic construction, especially the general improvement of people's living standards, the number of Chinese students studying abroad at their own expense is on the rise. Many students and parents turn their attention to the world and regard studying abroad as an effective way to improve their quality, broaden their horizons and master the world's advanced scientific knowledge, which is very important for the fever of going abroad. Studying abroad is also an important decision made by a family for their children. Therefore, it is of great social significance to discuss this issue. The theme of this section is the column discussion in the newspaper: the advantages and disadvantages of studying abroad. The discourse is about two parents' contribution letters on this issue. They respectively express their own positions. One thinks that the disadvantages outweigh the advantages, and the other thinks that the advantages outweigh the disadvantages. The two parents' arguments are well founded and logical. It is worth noting that the two authors do not express their views on studying abroad from an individual point of view, but from a national or even global point of view. These two articles have the characteristics of both letters and argumentative essays1.Guide the students to read these two articles, and understand the author's point of view and argument ideas2.Help the students to summarize the structure and writing methods of argumentative writing, and guides students to correctly understand the advantages and disadvantages of studying abroad3.Cultivate students' ability to analyze problems objectively, comprehensively and deeply
? B: Absolutely! Getting involved with Chinese cultural activities there definitely helped a lot. I got to practice my Chinese on a daily basis, and I could learn how native Chinese speakers spoke.? A: What do you feel is your biggest achievement?? B: Learning Chinese characters! I have learnt about 1,500 so far. When I first started, I didn't think it was even going to be possible to learn so many, but now I find that I can read signs, menus, and even some easy newspaper articles.? A: What are you most keen on?? B: I've really become keen on learning more about the Chinese culture, in particular Chinese calligraphy. As I have learnt Chinese characters, I have developed a great appreciation for their meaning. I want to explore Chinese characters by learning how to write them in a more beautiful way. ? A: Finally, what do you want to say to anyone interested in learning Chinese?? I have really become keen on learning more about the Chinese culture, in particular Chinese Calligraphy. As I have learnt Chinese character, I have developed a great appreciation for their meaning. I want to explore Chinese characters by learning how to write them in a more beautiful way.? A: Finally, what do you want to say to anyone interested in learning Chinese?? B: I'd say, give it a shot! While some aspects may be difficult, it is quite rewarding and you will be happy that you tried.? A: Thanks for your time. ? B:You're welcome.
說(shuō)教材:(1)教學(xué)內(nèi)容:人民教育出版社出版的九年義務(wù)教育六年制小學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)教科書第三冊(cè)中的第16—17頁(yè)的例1及“做一做”,練習(xí)三1、2、3、4、題。(2)教材分析(教材的前后聯(lián)系,地位作用及編排意圖):兩位數(shù)減兩位數(shù)是學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)筆算減法的開(kāi)始,也是以后學(xué)習(xí)多位筆算減法的基礎(chǔ)。由于筆算減法是在口算減法的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行教學(xué)的,所以教材先安排了口算整十?dāng)?shù)減整十?dāng)?shù)、兩位數(shù)減整十?dāng)?shù)、兩位數(shù)減一位數(shù)的復(fù)習(xí),為理解筆算做好準(zhǔn)備。教材由兩位數(shù)減一位數(shù)的不退位減法口算引出兩位數(shù)減一位數(shù)的不退位減法的筆算。說(shuō)明這種口算題也可以寫成豎式,用筆算。然后,對(duì)照直觀圖說(shuō)明計(jì)算時(shí)要把相同數(shù)位對(duì)齊,從個(gè)位減起的計(jì)算順序。(3)教學(xué)目標(biāo):根據(jù)教材的編排意圖以及學(xué)生的實(shí)際,我確定本課的教學(xué)目標(biāo)是:使學(xué)生理解筆算兩位數(shù)減兩位數(shù)的算理,掌握豎式的寫法和計(jì)算方法,并能正確的筆算。培養(yǎng)學(xué)生知識(shí)遷移的能力和口頭表達(dá)能力,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生仔細(xì)計(jì)算的良好學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣。
一、說(shuō)教材1、教學(xué)內(nèi)容本節(jié)課是義務(wù)教育課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)實(shí)驗(yàn)教材人教版小學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)第三冊(cè)18至19頁(yè)的內(nèi)容。它是在學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)了20以內(nèi)的退位減法、兩位數(shù)減一位數(shù)和兩位數(shù)減整十?dāng)?shù)以及兩位數(shù)減兩位數(shù)的不退位減法筆算的基礎(chǔ)上學(xué)習(xí)的。它是以后學(xué)習(xí)多位數(shù)減法的重要基礎(chǔ)。2、教學(xué)目標(biāo)(1)、知識(shí)目標(biāo):使學(xué)生在理解算理的基礎(chǔ)上初步掌握兩位數(shù)退位減法的計(jì)算方法,并能正確的進(jìn)行計(jì)算。(2)、技能目標(biāo):培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的動(dòng)手操作能力,發(fā)展學(xué)生的思維和語(yǔ)言表達(dá)能力。(3)、情感目標(biāo):通過(guò)情景的創(chuàng)設(shè),培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的愛(ài)國(guó)之情,同時(shí)讓學(xué)生在自主探索算法的基礎(chǔ)上體驗(yàn)到成功的喜悅。3、教學(xué)重點(diǎn):本節(jié)課的重點(diǎn)是理解筆算兩位數(shù)退位減的算理,能正確用豎式計(jì)算。4、教學(xué)難點(diǎn):理解兩位數(shù)減兩位數(shù)退位減法的算理。
當(dāng)學(xué)生說(shuō)出估算思路時(shí),老師可以及時(shí)適當(dāng)進(jìn)行賞識(shí)性的表?yè)P(yáng)。與此同時(shí),教師對(duì)各種估算方法都不急于評(píng)價(jià),而是積極引導(dǎo)學(xué)生采用多種算法。在劉兼教授的訪談錄中,曾經(jīng)有這么一句話:在提倡算法多樣性的同時(shí),老師要不要提出一種最好的解法呢?所謂最好的方法,要和學(xué)生的個(gè)性結(jié)合起來(lái),沒(méi)有適合全體學(xué)生的方法。每個(gè)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)方式、思維方式都是獨(dú)特的,我們要尊重學(xué)生自己的選擇,不能以一個(gè)或一批學(xué)生的思維準(zhǔn)則來(lái)規(guī)定全體學(xué)生必須采用的所謂最好的方法。因此,教學(xué)中我是這樣引導(dǎo)學(xué)生的:你喜歡用哪一種方法?并說(shuō)說(shuō)你喜歡的理由。這樣不僅尊重了學(xué)生個(gè)性的思維方法,還培養(yǎng)了學(xué)生的個(gè)性發(fā)展。探究新知后,我安排有層次性的練習(xí),讓學(xué)生在練習(xí)中鞏固估算方法,培養(yǎng)估算意識(shí),增強(qiáng)估算信心。(三)、鞏固提高1、基本練習(xí)“學(xué)以致用”,學(xué)習(xí)新知識(shí)后的練習(xí)是學(xué)生內(nèi)化知識(shí)的主要環(huán)節(jié),也是學(xué)生鞏固估算方法的環(huán)節(jié)。
得出這樣便于口算的道理,也為幫助學(xué)生探索“兩位數(shù)乘兩位數(shù)”的豎式計(jì)算方法埋下了伏筆。與此同時(shí)也允許學(xué)生把12用他們認(rèn)為更便于計(jì)算的方法進(jìn)行計(jì)算。另一種是直接用豎式計(jì)算。豎式的擺法學(xué)生肯定沒(méi)問(wèn)題,對(duì)于第一步如何計(jì)算也難不倒學(xué)生,關(guān)鍵是第二步、第三步,通過(guò)學(xué)生自己探索算法,讓學(xué)生弄清第二步、第三步為什么這樣寫?根據(jù)學(xué)生的匯報(bào),強(qiáng)調(diào)書寫格式并板書,用個(gè)位上的2去乘24,乘得的積是表示48個(gè)一,積的末尾要和個(gè)位對(duì)齊;用十位上的1去乘24,乘得的積表示24個(gè)十,乘得積的末尾要和十位對(duì)齊(個(gè)位上的0省略不寫);最后把兩次乘得的積相加。(這樣利用遷移原理,使學(xué)生一步一步地加深對(duì)算理和算法的認(rèn)識(shí)和理解,不但突出了教學(xué)重點(diǎn),而且突破了教學(xué)難點(diǎn)。)3、教師點(diǎn)撥:筆算乘法時(shí):(1)從個(gè)位乘起,先用第二個(gè)因數(shù)的個(gè)位上的數(shù)依次去乘第一個(gè)因數(shù)的每一位上的數(shù),得數(shù)末位和第一個(gè)因數(shù)的個(gè)位對(duì)齊;
一、說(shuō)教材(一)教材簡(jiǎn)析《假分?jǐn)?shù)化成整數(shù)或帶分?jǐn)?shù)》是小學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)五年級(jí)(下冊(cè))第六單元中的內(nèi)容。本節(jié)內(nèi)容安排了兩個(gè)例題。這部分內(nèi)容是在學(xué)生掌握了假分?jǐn)?shù)的意義后,進(jìn)一步學(xué)習(xí)把假分?jǐn)?shù)化成整數(shù)或帶分?jǐn)?shù),有利于以后進(jìn)行分?jǐn)?shù)計(jì)算打下堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。(二)教學(xué)目標(biāo)根據(jù)教材編排特點(diǎn),我確定以下教學(xué)目標(biāo):1、知道帶分?jǐn)?shù)是假分?jǐn)?shù),是整數(shù)與真分?jǐn)?shù)合成的數(shù)。2、會(huì)把假分?jǐn)?shù)化成整數(shù)或帶分?jǐn)?shù)。3、使學(xué)生經(jīng)歷假分?jǐn)?shù)化成整數(shù)或帶分?jǐn)?shù)的探索過(guò)程,進(jìn)一步發(fā)展數(shù)感。4、培養(yǎng)良好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣,樹(shù)立學(xué)好數(shù)學(xué)的信心。(三)教學(xué)重、難點(diǎn)會(huì)把假分?jǐn)?shù)化成整數(shù)或帶分?jǐn)?shù)。二、說(shuō)教法、學(xué)法通過(guò)這一環(huán)節(jié)的教學(xué),把假分?jǐn)?shù)化成整數(shù)或帶分?jǐn)?shù)時(shí),先要讓學(xué)生根據(jù)假分?jǐn)?shù)的含義進(jìn)行思考。在這個(gè)基礎(chǔ)上,再啟發(fā)學(xué)生根據(jù)分?jǐn)?shù)與除法的關(guān)系計(jì)算出結(jié)果,并把用不同方法求得的結(jié)果進(jìn)行比較,認(rèn)識(shí)到每種方法都是有道理的。
4.教學(xué)比例的各部分名稱這部分的教學(xué),我采用了閱讀自學(xué)法。實(shí)施素質(zhì)教育,使學(xué)生由“學(xué)會(huì)”變“會(huì)學(xué)”,這里我注重培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的自學(xué)能力,師生的雙邊關(guān)系亦實(shí)現(xiàn)從扶到放的轉(zhuǎn)變。在學(xué)生自學(xué)課本時(shí),老師寫出比例的兩種形式,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生注意內(nèi)項(xiàng)和外項(xiàng)的位置。5.教學(xué)比例的基本性質(zhì)觀察80:2=200:5中的兩個(gè)內(nèi)項(xiàng)的積與兩個(gè)外項(xiàng)的積的關(guān)系,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生把兩個(gè)外項(xiàng)與兩個(gè)內(nèi)項(xiàng)分別相乘,比較結(jié)果,然后引導(dǎo)他們回答:2:3 = 0.4:0.6。兩個(gè)內(nèi)項(xiàng)的積與兩個(gè)外項(xiàng)的積有什么關(guān)系?再讓學(xué)生歸納出比例的基本性質(zhì),探討寫分?jǐn)?shù)形式,歸納“交叉相乘”積相等。小結(jié):比例的基本性質(zhì)可以檢驗(yàn)組成的比例對(duì)不對(duì)?并提問(wèn):4:9=5:10成立嗎?比例的基本性質(zhì)是本課的第二個(gè)重點(diǎn)。為了突出重點(diǎn),我引導(dǎo)學(xué)生通過(guò)計(jì)算幾個(gè)比例式的內(nèi)項(xiàng)積和外項(xiàng)積,也從特殊到一般的推理方式,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生發(fā)現(xiàn)規(guī)律,總結(jié)概括性質(zhì)。同時(shí)也滲透了實(shí)踐第一的觀點(diǎn)。
二、以人為本,說(shuō)策略。《數(shù)學(xué)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》指出:“數(shù)學(xué)教學(xué)要緊密聯(lián)系學(xué)生的生活實(shí)際,從學(xué)生的生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)和已有的知識(shí)出發(fā)……”因此,結(jié)合本課教材特點(diǎn)、學(xué)生實(shí)際情況,我采取小組合作學(xué)習(xí),引導(dǎo)學(xué)生應(yīng)用學(xué)過(guò)的分?jǐn)?shù)、小數(shù)互化的知識(shí)進(jìn)行遷移、類推,學(xué)習(xí)新知識(shí)。同時(shí),讓學(xué)生在嘗試探究的積極活動(dòng)中獲取新知,發(fā)展能力。三、以探為主,說(shuō)流程。課堂教學(xué)是學(xué)生數(shù)學(xué)知識(shí)的獲得、技能技巧的形成、智力、能力的發(fā)展以及思想品德的養(yǎng)成的主要途徑。為了達(dá)到預(yù)期的教學(xué)目標(biāo),我對(duì)整個(gè)教學(xué)過(guò)程進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)地規(guī)劃,遵循目標(biāo)性、整體性、啟發(fā)性、主體性等一系列原則進(jìn)行教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)。設(shè)計(jì)了以下幾個(gè)主要的教學(xué)程序:(一)設(shè)疑激趣,引入課題。“興趣是最好的老師”,為了激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣,課一開(kāi)始,我設(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)童話故事,在故事中設(shè)計(jì)了幫助主人公比較2/5、42%、0.45的問(wèn)題,然后引出課題。
(三)合作交流能力提升教師:剛才我們通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)了解了小車的速度是怎樣隨時(shí)間變化的,但實(shí)驗(yàn)中有一定的誤差,請(qǐng)同學(xué)們討論并說(shuō)出可能存在哪些誤差,造成誤差的原因是什么?(每個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)小組的同學(xué)之間進(jìn)行熱烈的討論)學(xué)生:測(cè)量出現(xiàn)誤差。因?yàn)辄c(diǎn)間距離太小,測(cè)量長(zhǎng)度時(shí)容易產(chǎn)生誤差。教師:如何減小這個(gè)誤差呢?學(xué)生:如果測(cè)量較長(zhǎng)的距離,誤差應(yīng)該小一些。教師:應(yīng)該采取什么辦法?學(xué)生:應(yīng)該取幾個(gè)點(diǎn)之間的距離作為一個(gè)測(cè)量長(zhǎng)度。教師:好,這就是常用的取“計(jì)數(shù)點(diǎn)”的方法。我們應(yīng)該在紙帶上每隔幾個(gè)計(jì)時(shí)點(diǎn)取作一個(gè)計(jì)數(shù)點(diǎn),進(jìn)行編號(hào)。分別標(biāo)為:0、1、2、3……,測(cè)各計(jì)數(shù)點(diǎn)到“0”的距離。以減小測(cè)量誤差。教師:還有補(bǔ)充嗎?學(xué)生1:我在坐標(biāo)系中描點(diǎn)畫的圖象只集中在坐標(biāo)原定附近,兩條圖象沒(méi)有明顯的分開(kāi)。學(xué)生2:描出的幾個(gè)點(diǎn)不嚴(yán)格的分布在一條直線上,還能畫直線嗎?
(四)、課堂總結(jié)、體驗(yàn)成功引導(dǎo)學(xué)生對(duì)所學(xué)知識(shí)、學(xué)習(xí)方法、學(xué)習(xí)結(jié)果、情感等進(jìn)行全面總結(jié),讓學(xué)生體驗(yàn)學(xué)習(xí)的成功感,同時(shí),進(jìn)一步系統(tǒng)、完善知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)。總之,本課的教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)力求體現(xiàn)“以學(xué)生為本”的教學(xué)理念,具體體現(xiàn)在以下幾個(gè)方面:(一)、創(chuàng)設(shè)生動(dòng)的情景,激發(fā)探索的樂(lè)趣,讓學(xué)生感受數(shù)學(xué)與生活的聯(lián)系。課的引入以一幅學(xué)生經(jīng)常接觸的,喜聞樂(lè)見(jiàn)的購(gòu)買玩具這一題材為切入點(diǎn)。在練習(xí)設(shè)計(jì)中,改變枯燥抽象的數(shù)字計(jì)算練習(xí),選取了一組寓有童趣的素材。它們以豐富多彩的呈現(xiàn)方式深深地吸引著學(xué)生,使他們認(rèn)識(shí)到現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中蘊(yùn)含著大量的數(shù)學(xué)信息,使學(xué)生感到有趣、有挑戰(zhàn)性,激發(fā)他們好奇,好勝的心理,從而誘發(fā)他們?nèi)ブ鲃?dòng)尋求解決問(wèn)題的策略,同時(shí)體驗(yàn)到數(shù)學(xué)與生活的聯(lián)系。
(一)創(chuàng)設(shè)情境,提出問(wèn)題:學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)機(jī)和求知欲不會(huì)自然涌現(xiàn),它取決于教師所創(chuàng)設(shè)的學(xué)習(xí)情境,而興趣是最好的老師,因此,在課的一開(kāi)始,我設(shè)計(jì)了“今天我們?cè)偃ソ中墓珗@看一看”這一情境:出示情境圖:你看到了什么信息,你能提出什么數(shù)學(xué)問(wèn)題?(板書)學(xué)生提出很多問(wèn)題。設(shè)計(jì)意圖:數(shù)學(xué)來(lái)源于生活,有趣的生活情境,激發(fā)學(xué)生好奇心和強(qiáng)烈的求知欲,讓學(xué)生在生動(dòng)具體的情境中學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué),從而使教材與學(xué)生之間建立相互包容、相互激發(fā)的關(guān)系。讓學(xué)生既認(rèn)識(shí)了自身,又大膽而自然地提出猜想。(二)、探索新知解決問(wèn)題“教師為主導(dǎo),學(xué)生為主體,探究為主線”的三為主原則“保護(hù)環(huán)境”花壇一共用了多少盆花?怎樣列式?
教法、學(xué)法分析我通過(guò)閱讀教材、教參和新課標(biāo),分析學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)狀況,認(rèn)為對(duì)這一教學(xué)內(nèi)容理解起來(lái)比較容易。所以,在教學(xué)時(shí)我準(zhǔn)備采取以下策略:1、放手讓學(xué)生自主解決問(wèn)題,嘗試計(jì)算例7的1、2題。再通過(guò)學(xué)生口述計(jì)算過(guò)程,教師設(shè)問(wèn)、強(qiáng)調(diào)重點(diǎn)使學(xué)生掌握本節(jié)課知識(shí)。2、通過(guò)學(xué)生反復(fù)敘述算理,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生口頭表達(dá)能力,并使他們自主探索“被除數(shù)中間或末尾沒(méi)有0,商中間或末尾有0”這一知識(shí)形成的過(guò)程。教學(xué)目標(biāo)1、在熟練掌握一位數(shù)筆算除法法則的基礎(chǔ)上,會(huì)正確計(jì)算商中間或末尾有0的除法的另一種情況。2、能熟練地進(jìn)行商中間有零和末尾有零的除法,形成一定的筆算技能。3、能結(jié)合具體情境估算三位數(shù)除以一位數(shù)的商,增強(qiáng)估算的意識(shí)和能力。
(二)創(chuàng)設(shè)情境,探索新知。1、創(chuàng)設(shè)情境,激發(fā)興趣。小白兔和小熊要坐公交車去公園,他們來(lái)到公交公司,先后看到公交公司有一邊說(shuō)一邊課件出示課件,請(qǐng)同學(xué)們仔細(xì)觀察,把你從圖上看到的物品和讀出的數(shù)據(jù)告訴老師和其他同學(xué)。你能根據(jù)這些信息提出不同的數(shù)學(xué)問(wèn)題嗎?再?gòu)耐瑢W(xué)們提出的眾多問(wèn)題中選擇兩個(gè)具有代表性的問(wèn)題來(lái)列式和計(jì)算。課件出示主題圖下列兩個(gè)問(wèn)題:指名說(shuō)出兩個(gè)問(wèn)題的算式分別是什么,明確45 + 30和45 + 3是兩位數(shù)加一位數(shù)和兩位數(shù)加整十?dāng)?shù)的加法算式,引出課題——兩位數(shù)加一位數(shù)和整十?dāng)?shù)(不進(jìn)位)這一層次從學(xué)生熟悉的生活情境出發(fā),選擇學(xué)生熟悉的旅游,讓學(xué)生自己發(fā)現(xiàn)、提出有關(guān)的數(shù)學(xué)問(wèn)題,從而主動(dòng)的解決問(wèn)題。這里通過(guò)創(chuàng)造出生動(dòng)的生活情境來(lái)提取例題,符合學(xué)生的年齡、認(rèn)知特征,既激發(fā)了學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣,又使學(xué)生感受到數(shù)學(xué)與生活的密切聯(lián)系,容易為學(xué)生所感知,所接受。
3、教學(xué)目標(biāo)及教學(xué)重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)根據(jù)課標(biāo)的要求,介于教材的特點(diǎn)和學(xué)生實(shí)際,我確定本節(jié)課的教學(xué)目標(biāo)是:(1)、知識(shí)與技能:讓學(xué)生經(jīng)歷探索兩位數(shù)減一位數(shù)和整十?dāng)?shù)(不退位)的計(jì)算方法的過(guò)程,掌握計(jì)算方法,能正確地口算。(2)、過(guò)程與方法:讓學(xué)生經(jīng)歷自主探索、動(dòng)手操作、合作交流等方式獲得新知的過(guò)程,積累數(shù)學(xué)活動(dòng)的經(jīng)驗(yàn),體會(huì)數(shù)學(xué)知識(shí)與日常生活的密切聯(lián)系,增強(qiáng)應(yīng)用意識(shí)。 (3)、情感態(tài)度與價(jià)值觀:進(jìn)一步培養(yǎng)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)的熱情,以及積極思考、動(dòng)手實(shí)踐并與同學(xué)合作學(xué)習(xí)的態(tài)度。其中,掌握兩位數(shù)減一位數(shù)和整十?dāng)?shù)(不退位)的口算方法是重點(diǎn),理解算理,把握兩位數(shù)減一位數(shù)與兩位數(shù)減整十?dāng)?shù)在計(jì)算過(guò)程中的相同點(diǎn)與不同點(diǎn)是難點(diǎn)。
一、說(shuō)教材:本課時(shí)主要的內(nèi)容就是讓學(xué)生在情境中掌握兩位數(shù)加兩位數(shù)的進(jìn)位加法計(jì)算,讓學(xué)生通過(guò)嘗試和探索出多種算法,體驗(yàn)多種算法,然后比較出最好的算法。教學(xué)目標(biāo):1、通過(guò)具體的情境使學(xué)生更一步的理解加法的意義和提高學(xué)生的估算意識(shí)。2、通過(guò)學(xué)生的合作學(xué)習(xí)從而能探討出多種計(jì)算兩位數(shù)減兩位退位減法的方法。3、培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的數(shù)學(xué)口語(yǔ)表達(dá)能力,提高學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣。4、掌握兩位數(shù)加兩位數(shù)(進(jìn)位加)豎式的寫法。重點(diǎn):(1)通過(guò)學(xué)生的合作學(xué)習(xí)從而能探討出多種計(jì)算兩位數(shù)減兩位退位減法的方法。(2)掌握筆算加法的計(jì)算法則。難點(diǎn):對(duì)多樣化算法進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,達(dá)到正確完成計(jì)算。發(fā)展學(xué)生的估算意識(shí)、和探究意識(shí)和解決實(shí)際問(wèn)題的能力。二、說(shuō)教法:組織學(xué)生在前面計(jì)算的基礎(chǔ)上,自主探索出兩位數(shù)加兩位(進(jìn)位加)的計(jì)算方法,并通過(guò)交流、討論,達(dá)到對(duì)算法的優(yōu)化,在通過(guò)“試一試”、“算一算”、“想一想”等形式達(dá)到知識(shí)的掌握。
一、說(shuō)教材表內(nèi)除法二單元主要內(nèi)容有:7.8.9的乘法口訣求商,解決用除法計(jì)算的簡(jiǎn)單的實(shí)際問(wèn)題,綜合應(yīng)用乘,除法計(jì)算的稍復(fù)雜的實(shí)際問(wèn)題。本單元的目標(biāo)是著重讓學(xué)生在熟練掌握用口訣求商一般方法的基礎(chǔ)上,綜合應(yīng)用表內(nèi)乘除法的計(jì)算技能解決一些簡(jiǎn)單和稍復(fù)雜的涉及乘,除運(yùn)算的實(shí)際問(wèn)題。今天所教學(xué)的內(nèi)容是解決問(wèn)題中的第一個(gè)內(nèi)容,求一個(gè)數(shù)是另一個(gè)數(shù)的幾倍是多少,這課時(shí)的主要目標(biāo)是:1、聯(lián)系實(shí)際問(wèn)題理解"一個(gè)數(shù)是另一個(gè)數(shù)的幾倍"的含義,體會(huì)數(shù)量之間的相互關(guān)系;會(huì)用自己的語(yǔ)言表達(dá)解決問(wèn)題的大致過(guò)程和結(jié)果。2、根據(jù)"倍"的概念和除法的含義,分析、推理、探究"求一個(gè)數(shù)是另一個(gè)數(shù)的幾倍"的實(shí)際問(wèn)題的一般方法;經(jīng)歷將"求一個(gè)數(shù)是另一個(gè)數(shù)的幾倍是多少"的實(shí)際問(wèn)題轉(zhuǎn)化成"求一個(gè)數(shù)里面有幾個(gè)另一個(gè)數(shù)"的數(shù)學(xué)問(wèn)題的過(guò)程,初步學(xué)會(huì)用轉(zhuǎn)化的方法來(lái)解決簡(jiǎn)單的實(shí)際問(wèn)題。
二、教材分析本節(jié)課是讓學(xué)生結(jié)合具體情境,理解路程、時(shí)間與速度之間的關(guān)系。為此,教材安排了一個(gè)情境:比一比兩輛車誰(shuí)跑得快一些?從而讓學(xué)生歸納出路程、時(shí)間與速度三個(gè)數(shù)量,進(jìn)而歸納出速度=路程÷時(shí)間,再結(jié)合試一試兩題,讓學(xué)生得出:路程=速度×時(shí)間,時(shí)間=路程÷速度,進(jìn)一步理解路程、速度、時(shí)間三者之間的關(guān)系。因此,理解路程、時(shí)間與速度之間的關(guān)系是本節(jié)課的重點(diǎn),難點(diǎn)是速度的單位。學(xué)習(xí)了這節(jié)課,學(xué)生可以解決生活中的一些實(shí)際問(wèn)題,并且可以合理地安排時(shí)間,提高效率。三、學(xué)情分析學(xué)生對(duì)于路程、時(shí)間與速度的關(guān)系一定有所了解,但他們雖然知道三者之間的數(shù)量關(guān)系式,卻并不十分了解為什么有這樣的關(guān)系。因此,在課上應(yīng)遵循“問(wèn)題情境---建立模式---解釋應(yīng)用”的基本敘述模式,為學(xué)生自主參與、探究和交流提供時(shí)間和空間。四、教學(xué)目標(biāo)