說教材A.教材簡析《琵琶行(并序)》是人教版《普通高中課程標準實驗教科書語文》必修3第二單元的一篇講讀課文。本單元學習的是唐代詩歌,共七首詩。《琵琶行(并序)》是唐代著名現(xiàn)實主義詩人白居易寫的一首歌行體長篇敘事詩,是我國古代敘事詩和音樂詩中的“千古絕喝”。詩歌主題鮮明、人物形象生動,抒情真切細膩,具有深刻的思想內(nèi)容和卓越的藝術(shù)技巧。B.教學目標《全日制普通高中高級中學語文教學大綱》明確要求我們:在閱讀教學過程中要引導學生“感受文學形象,品味文學作品的語言和藝術(shù)技巧,初步鑒賞文學作品”。而本單元的教學要求是培養(yǎng)學生詩歌鑒賞的能力。根據(jù)教學大綱和單元教學要求,結(jié)合本課特點,我制定本課的教學目標是:1.知識目標:了解文學常識;積累重點文言實詞;品味主旨句“同是天涯淪落人,相逢何必曾相識”的內(nèi)涵;感知作者把音樂描寫與聽者、演奏者的感情融為一體的寫作特點。
教材地位本課具有承上啟下的作用,前承文藝復興,后啟資產(chǎn)階級革命時代的到來,啟蒙運動為資本主義社會構(gòu)建了一套政治藍圖,具有前瞻性,是近代第二次思想解放運動。因此,本節(jié)內(nèi)容在整個教材中有著很重要的地位。教學目標1、知識目標:(1)幫助學生了解啟蒙運動的性質(zhì)、內(nèi)容和主要啟蒙 思想家及其主張。(2)理解啟蒙運動興起的背景、影響。2、能力目標:(1)在討論和探究過程中訓練學生的科學思維方法和自主學習的能力和掌握解題的方法。(2)通過指導學生閱讀啟蒙思想家的言論資料,培養(yǎng)學生對歷史資料的理解和歸納能力。3、情感價值目標:(1)培養(yǎng)人文意識,強化法治觀念。(2)培養(yǎng)學生的團結(jié)協(xié)作精神和競爭意識。教學重點、難點(1)教學重點:啟蒙思想家的主張及啟蒙運動的影響。
一、說教材《開辟新航路》是高中《歷史·必修二》第5課的內(nèi)容。從三個方面向?qū)W生介紹了歐洲人開辟新航路的歷史:即新航路開辟的原因和條件、新航路開辟經(jīng)過以及影響。前4課內(nèi)容介紹了古代中國經(jīng)濟的基本結(jié)構(gòu)與特點,從第5課開始學習資本主義世界市場的形成和發(fā)展。本課內(nèi)容相當重要,上承古代中國,下啟近代世界。新航路的開辟,打破了世界相對隔絕的狀態(tài),世界真正開始融合為一個整體。從此,以西歐為中心的世界市場的雛形開始出現(xiàn)。隨后的殖民擴張,世界市場拓展;第一次工業(yè)革命,世界市場基本形成;第二次工業(yè)革命,世界市場發(fā)展。二、說目標1、課程標準概述迪亞士、哥倫布開辟新航路的史實,認識地理大發(fā)現(xiàn)對世界市場形成的意義。2、三維目標①知識與能力:掌握新航路開辟的原因、經(jīng)過、影響。②過程與方法:引導學生分析原因及影響,培養(yǎng)學生分析和歸納問題的能力。③情感態(tài)度與價值觀:A、通過對新航路開辟過程的學習,使學生感受和學習探險家們勇于進取的開拓精神。B、通過學習新航路開辟的影響,使學生認識新航路開辟促進了人類社會的整體發(fā)展。
f.有絲分裂的意義(討論分析教學),首先引導學生結(jié)合所學知識討論有絲分裂的的作用,最后有教師歸納總結(jié),并要求學生在理解的基礎(chǔ)上記憶。g.無絲分裂(圖形直觀教學、簡介),本部分內(nèi)容不是教學的重點,內(nèi)容也相對簡單,所以我的教學方法是直接給學生展示掛圖,再進行簡短介紹,讓學生了解即可。h.引出減數(shù)分裂的概念,為第五章學習打下基礎(chǔ)。小結(jié):新課講完以后由教師對本節(jié)內(nèi)容進行總結(jié)鞏固和反饋:進行一些課堂練習達到鞏固和反饋的作用。最后布置作業(yè),各種難度的作業(yè)題目均設(shè)置一些,其中簡單題比重大,難題要求學生選作,這樣提高學生學習積極性。2教學媒體程序設(shè)計: 細胞周期的概念(多媒體課件演示周期動畫)植物細胞有絲分裂(多媒體課件演示分裂各期動畫)動植物細胞有絲分裂異同點(多媒體課件演示分裂各期動畫)有絲分裂過程中DNA和染色體數(shù)量的變化規(guī)律(掛圖演示,包括表格和函數(shù)圖象)
一、人類遺傳病1.概念2.分類(1)單基因遺傳病(2)多基因遺傳病(3)染色體異常遺傳?、僭颌陬愋?遺傳病的特點4.遺傳病對人類的危害八、說布置作業(yè)在作業(yè)的布置中,我嚴格遵循“重質(zhì)量、輕負擔”的指導思想。第一題主要是為了幫助學生及時糾正原有的對知識的錯誤理解或片面認識,培養(yǎng)學生的解題技巧和技能。所以我選用了該題。同時想借助該題培養(yǎng)學生對問題的科學的思維方法和探究的精神。幫助學生提高對信息技術(shù)運用的熟練程度,發(fā)展學生的信息素養(yǎng)。附作業(yè):1、連線題,請同學們連線指出下列遺傳各屬于何種類型?(1)苯丙酮尿病 A、單基因遺傳?。?)21三體綜合征(3)抗維生素D佝僂病 B、多基因遺傳?。?)軟骨發(fā)育不全(5)青少年型糖尿病 C、常染色體病2、以生物小組為單位進行人類遺傳病的調(diào)查。
(3)如何做到兼顧效率與公平?這部分知識點我結(jié)合上面的圖片,設(shè)疑:“請大家對這一社會現(xiàn)象進行討論,我們?nèi)绾尾拍茏龅郊葓猿中视旨骖櫣剑俊睂脒@部分的分析。學生在討論的過程中對如何兼顧效率與公平已經(jīng)形成了一定的見解,結(jié)合圖片,為兼顧效率與公平獻計獻策,尋求兩者的最佳結(jié)合點?;脽羝故荆涸鯓硬拍茏龅郊骖櫺逝c公平?第一,允許和鼓勵一部分地區(qū)和個人通過誠實勞動和合法經(jīng)營先富起來,帶動其他地區(qū)和個人致富,最終達到共同富裕。第二,既要反對平均主義,又要防止收入差距懸殊。既要落實分配政策,又要提倡奉獻精神;在鼓勵人們創(chuàng)業(yè)致富,提倡回報社會和先富幫后富。第三,必須正確處理初次分配注重效率與再次分配注重公平的關(guān)系。在講授過程中,還展示大量圖片。結(jié)合圖片分析。設(shè)計意圖:體現(xiàn)課堂上學生的主體地位,讓學生在觀看中體驗,在討論中升華,從而體會構(gòu)建和諧社會的重要意義。
一、對教材內(nèi)容的處理根據(jù)新課程標準的要求、知識的跨度、學生的認知水平,我對教材內(nèi)容有增有減。二、教學策略的選用(一)運用了模擬活動,強化學生的生活體驗,本框題知識所對應(yīng)的經(jīng)濟現(xiàn)象,學生已具有了一定的生活體驗,但是缺乏對這種體驗的深入思考。因此在進一步強化這種體驗的過程中進行了思考和認知,使知識從學生的生活體驗中來,從學生的思考探究中來,有助于提高學生的興趣,有助于充分調(diào)動學生現(xiàn)有的知識,培養(yǎng)學生的各種能力,也有助于實現(xiàn)理論知識與實際生活的交融。(二)組織學生探究知識并形成新的知識我從學生的生活體驗入手,運用案例等形式創(chuàng)設(shè)情境呈現(xiàn)問題,使學生在自主探索、合作交流的過程中,發(fā)現(xiàn)問題、分析問題、解決問題,在問題的分析與解決中主動構(gòu)建知識。也正是由于這些認識來自于學生自身的體驗,因此學生不僅“懂”了,而且“信”了。從內(nèi)心上認同這些觀點,進而能夠主動地內(nèi)化為自己的情感、態(tài)度、價值觀,并融入到實踐活動中去,有助于實現(xiàn)知、行、信的統(tǒng)一。
在學生明確了稅收的含義之后,我將分別對稅收的三個基本特征進行解析。在講解了之后,并分別用實例對其進行說明,加深學生對知識點的印象。最重要的是,總結(jié)出關(guān)鍵的字眼,使得學生能夠清晰的區(qū)分出稅收的三個基本特征。將強制性概括為依法征稅、依法納稅;無償性概括為不具有償還性和返還型;固定性概括為規(guī)定應(yīng)不應(yīng)納稅、納什么稅、納多少稅。并跟學生指出,強制性是基本前提,無償性是核心。由此根據(jù)書上的內(nèi)容,推導出稅收的三個基本特征相互之間的關(guān)系,即:三者缺一不可,統(tǒng)一于稅法。而且,無償性要求強制性,強制性保障無償性;而無償性與強制性又共同決定固定性。從而結(jié)束新課講授。3、課堂總結(jié)根據(jù)板書內(nèi)容重新回顧本課學習的主要內(nèi)容,包括稅收的含義,以及稅收的三個基本特征和它們之間的相互關(guān)系。4、作業(yè)布置讓學生預習稅收的種類的內(nèi)容,尤其是增值稅和個人所得稅。同時了解父母每月所繳納的個人所得稅和怎么計算的。
環(huán)節(jié)三 案例分析 突破難點我將用多媒體展示兩組反映中學生參與民主管理的一些作法的圖片,和教材26-27頁的三個鏡頭,然后請同學們根據(jù)圖片和材料探究以下問題: 1. 聯(lián)系自身實際談?wù)勥@些做法對我們有何啟示? 2.實行農(nóng)村村民自治和城市居民自治有什么意義呢? 3. 我們在實際生活中應(yīng)怎么做?這樣,通過圖片和材料的展示,點明了公民參與民主管理的意義,以此來誘發(fā)學生已有的真切體驗,感受其境,增強學生共創(chuàng)想和文明社區(qū)的積極性和情感。同時,我們也希望學生在學習本課的知識后,又能做到學以致用,把所學的知識真正用到社區(qū)管理中,為所在社區(qū)管理提合理建議,從而真正實現(xiàn)了知識從生活中來,又回到生活中去的理念。環(huán)節(jié)四課堂小結(jié) 課后延伸將用多媒體展示本節(jié)課的知識框架,并注重引導學生將今天所學新知識與前面知識聯(lián)系起來,幫助學生從宏觀上把握各知識點之間的關(guān)系,有利于學生理解記憶,以此來幫助教師在第一時間掌握學生學習信息的反饋,同時培養(yǎng)學生歸納分析能力、概括能力。
環(huán)節(jié)三情景模擬 情感升華首先:1、本課開始觀看的視頻中:選出村長體現(xiàn)了村民參加選舉的什么態(tài)度?生活中一些人“多我一票不多,少我一票不少,選舉與我無關(guān)"的想法2、你如何看待上述兩種不同態(tài)度?為什么?發(fā)表你的看法【教師這個過程中點撥、引導】如果我們都不珍惜自己的選舉權(quán),那么我們的國家將會出現(xiàn)什么后果?3、那么作為將來選民和被選舉人,你們認為應(yīng)具有那些政治素養(yǎng)才能適應(yīng)?學生結(jié)合教材思考(1)(提示)不行使或不認真行使自己的選舉權(quán),意味著我們將不能選舉出能為人民謀福利的當家人,意味著我們的國家將由重蹈舊中國的覆轍。(2)從態(tài)度上講:公民應(yīng)積極參加選舉,認真行使這一權(quán)利,不斷增強公民意識和主人翁意識,增強公民的參與感和責任感。(3)從能力上講:要不斷提高公民的政治參與能力(政治素質(zhì)、文化素質(zhì)、議政能力),在周全考慮、理性判斷的基礎(chǔ)上,鄭重地投出自己的一票。
環(huán)節(jié)四 課堂小結(jié) 鞏固知識本節(jié)課我采用線索性的板書,整個知識結(jié)構(gòu)一目了然,為了充分發(fā)揮學生在課堂的主體地位,我將課堂小結(jié)交由學生完成,請學生根據(jù)課堂學習的內(nèi)容,結(jié)合我的板書設(shè)計來進行小結(jié),以此來幫助教師在第一時間掌握學生學習信息的反饋,同時培養(yǎng)學生歸納分析能力、概括能力。環(huán)節(jié)五 情景回歸,情感升華我的實習指導老師告訴過我們,政治這一門學科要從生活中來到生活去,所以在課堂的最后讓學生考察自己所在社區(qū)存在的問題,然后制定監(jiān)督方案,以此培養(yǎng)學生對理論的實際運用能力,同時檢驗他們對知識的真正掌握情況,以此達到情感的升華,本節(jié)課,我根據(jù)建構(gòu)主義理論,強調(diào)學生是學習的中心,學生是知識意義的主動建構(gòu)者,是信息加工的主體,要強調(diào)學生在課堂中的參與性、以及探究性,不僅讓他們懂得知識,更讓他們相信知識,并且將知識融入到實踐當中去,最終達到知、情、意、行的統(tǒng)一。
1.必須明確政治生活的作用 (政治生活與經(jīng)濟生活、文化生活是相輔相成的。政治生活直接影響到人民民主的實現(xiàn)程度,影響全體人民利益,也會影響我們的經(jīng)濟生活、文化生活。)2.需要學習政治知識 (5個有助于)3.需要參加政治實踐活動。 (參加政治實踐的途徑;參加政治實踐的意義)(通過情景問題,形成學生如何參與政治生活的方法;通過解決問題,培養(yǎng)學生解決問題的能力和發(fā)散思維的能力。)環(huán)節(jié)四 課堂小結(jié) 鞏固知識本節(jié)課我采用線索性的板書,整個知識結(jié)構(gòu)一目了然,為了充分發(fā)揮學生在課堂的主體地位,我將課堂小結(jié)交由學生完成,請學生根據(jù)課堂學習的內(nèi)容,結(jié)合我的板書設(shè)計來進行小結(jié),以此來幫助教師在第一時間掌握學生學習信息的反饋,同時培養(yǎng)學生歸納分析能力、概括能力。
環(huán)節(jié)四 模擬演練 情感升華我將讓同學們閱讀課本22頁的材料,并按照所提供的步驟,組織學生舉辦一次模擬聽證會,將學生分為四個小組,分別扮演教育局工作人員、人大代表、學生家長、學校校長的角色。待學生們模擬聽證會結(jié)束后,我將采訪學生,讓他們談?wù)剠⒓油曷犠C會后的感受,從而利用角色感悟總結(jié)落實民主決策的重大意義。這樣,學生們在模擬演練中,感悟公民要通過各種渠道參與民主決策,是推進決策科學化、民主化的重要環(huán)節(jié)。為學生將來參與政治生活積累經(jīng)驗,增強了學生的主人翁意識和社會責任感。環(huán)節(jié)五 課堂小結(jié) 課后延伸我將用多媒體展示本節(jié)課的知識框架,并注重引導學生將今天所學新知識與前面知識聯(lián)系起來,幫助學生從宏觀上把握各知識點之間的關(guān)系,有利于學生理解記憶。另外,適當?shù)恼n堂練習能檢驗學生掌握知識的情況,因此,課堂小結(jié)后我將讓學生做一些典型的練習,加深學生對本課知識的理解,同時為為下一課的學習做準備。
(2)世界觀,人生觀,價值觀是人們文化素養(yǎng)的核心和標志。一旦形成就會對人產(chǎn)生深遠持久的影響。(但隨著生活閱歷的變化,人們文化素養(yǎng)的提高,人們的“三觀”會發(fā)生變化。)總之“潛移默化”指每時每刻,不知不覺;是從文化對人影響的過程來看的?!吧钸h持久”指經(jīng)年累月,難以抹去;是從文化對人影響的結(jié)果上說的。3.課堂總結(jié):首先啟動學生思維,教會學生把握知識主線,建構(gòu)知識體系,先由學生進行總結(jié),然后教師進行必要的補充4、布置作業(yè):布置作業(yè)。運用文化對人的影響的知識分析“近朱者赤,近墨者黑”,并且應(yīng)該如何處理朋友之間的關(guān)系。設(shè)計這個作業(yè)的意圖是既讓學生靈活運用所學知識,同時又讓學生回歸生活,如何處理朋友之間的關(guān)系。5、板書設(shè)計遵循板書設(shè)計的實用性、直觀性的原則,根據(jù)本課的教材特點,我采用結(jié)構(gòu)式板書,這樣設(shè)計比較直觀、系統(tǒng),以便于學生能夠系統(tǒng)把握和理解知識。
Textbook: Senior English for China (Book 4), by Liu Daoyi Time Allotment: 1 period (40 minutes)Date: March 20, 2014Teaching aids: blackboard, Multi-media, Power Point, chalk I. Text Analysis (教材分析)This unit is about body language, and the text selected in the reading part demonstrates the difference and similarity of body language in many parts of the world. Through learning this passage, students are required to raise their awareness of using body language in different parts of the world. As body language is closely related to our daily life, it is easy to arouse students’ interest in learning this text. Reading skills and speaking training are designed around the text.II. Teaching Objectives (教學目標)By the end of the lesson, students will be able to:1. Language Skill Objective(語言技能目標): develop reading ability (skimming and scanning)as well as speaking ability.2. Cultural Knowledge Objective(文化知識目標): know about the cultural differences of using body language.3. Affective Objective(情感目標): increase students’ awareness of using body language correctly in different cultures. III.Teaching Focuses and Difficulties(教學重點和難點)1. Teaching Focuses(教學重點): the difference and similarity of body language in many parts of the world.2. Teaching Difficulties(教學難點): develop students’ reading abilities of skimming and scanning and ask the students to show their opinions with fluent English.
Ⅲ. Analysis of the teaching material:The topic of this unit is cultural relics. Students are quite interested in topics about different cultures around the world. This is the second period of the whole unit. As a reading class, the passage mainly talks about the history of the amber room (how it was made, sent as a gift, lost and rebuilt).According to the new national curriculum, when teaching reading, much emphasis should be put on training the students’ reading skills.Ⅳ. Teaching objectives1. Language objectives:1) Students are required to master the key words and phrases occurred in the passage (e.g. amazing, decorate, belong, in return, less than etc.)2) Students are required to learn the attributive clause and acquire the sentence pattern.2. 1) Students are required to describe a certain thing by using the new sentence patterns.2) Students are required to master two kinds of reading skills—skimming and scanning, and learn to use them in their daily reading.3. 1) Students are required to know the history of the amber room.2) Students are required to appreciate cultural relics and understand the importance of protecting them.Ⅴ. Teaching important and difficult points1) the new words, phrases, and sentence pattern in the course of reading.2) Teaching difficult point: Help the students master two kinds of reading skills—skimmingand scanning and learn to apply them in daily use.Ⅵ. Teaching methods:Task-based method & Top-down model Ⅶ. Teaching aids: PPT, pictures, blackboard Ⅷ. Teaching procedure:
When it comes to the students’ studying methods, I'd like to introduce my Ss first. The Ss have a good command of basic language points. They’re interested in learning English, and they take an active part in English class, so they will have fun in autonomous, cooperative and inquiry learning. I will just serve as a guide, showing them the way to explore how to make more progress in their English learning.Now it’s time for the most important stage of this lesson. My teaching procedures are arranged as follows:Step1.Leading-in (3 minute)Play a video of a wide variety of wildlife to introduce my topic. Step2. Speaking (12 minutes)We will use our textbook Page25. Let the Ss fast read the short paragraph to warm up. Ask them to talk about the report on some endangered wildlife in China with the dialogue patterns on the screen. Lastly, I will invite some groups to demonstrate their dialogues about saving wildlife in China.Step3.English play (3 minutes)Watch another video in praise of their excellent performance just now. It’s about Jack Chen’s(成龍)and Yang Ziqiong’s wildlife protection.Step4. Listening (twice 13 minutes)This time, I’ll ask the Ss to fill in the blanks of the monologue of the 2 movie stars above. Step5.Discussion (3 minutes)Which would you like to choose to wear, clothes made of cotton, artificial leather or animal skins? Why ?Step6. Summary (3 minutes)1. If there were no wildlife, there wouldn’t exist human beings. If the buying stops, the killing can, too.2. Animals are our friends. To love animals is to love ourselves. Stop hunting, killing and destroying wildlife.3. Let’s live in harmony with all the living things in the world. Step7. Music appreciation (3 minutes)Let the Ss appreciate the song Earth Song by Michael Jackson. Last but not the least, I will show you my blackboard design.
Good morning, distinguished judges:It’s my honor to talk about my teaching ideas with you. Today my topic is Women of Achievement. My presentation consists of six parts: the analysis of teaching material and student, teaching aims, key and difficult points, teaching and studying method, teaching procedures and blackboard design.First, let’s focus on the analysis of teaching material. This lesson is from New Senior English for China Student’s Book 4 Unit 1, the reading part. The main topic of the passage is the introduction of a student of Africanwildlife. After this lesson, the students will learn more information about her studying chimps in Africa, and their reading and speaking abilities can be developed as well.The next part is the analysis of students. My students are in senior high students. They have learnt English for many years, they’ve known many words and sentences, but their speaking and reading abilities are still not very good. So I will practice their speaking and reading abilities through different exercises.According to the New Standard Curriculum and the present situation, I set the teaching aims as follows: firstly, knowledge aims. Students can grasp some new words, such as worthwhile, move off. Moreover, students can understand the content of the passage and get familiar with the topic of studying chimps in wildlife. Secondly, ability aims. Students can use reading strategies such as skimming and scanning in reading process. Thirdly, emotional aims. Students can have the awareness of protecting animals and care about animals.Based on the above analysis, the key point of this lesson is to get the main idea and the detailed information from the passage; the difficult point is to talk about the wildlife protection and use reading strategies.
Language learning needs a context, which can help the learners to understand the language and then can product comprehensible output, so computer has the advantages to make the materials attractive.Part 3 Learning MethodsTask-based, self-dependent and cooperative learningPart 4 Teaching ProcedureStep One Lead-in“Interest is the best teacher.” Therefore, at the very beginning of the class, I should spark the students’ mind to focus on the centre topic “the band”. I’ll show some pictures of food to attract their attention and then bring some questions.Question:What kind of food they like?What should go into a good meal?The answers must relate to the diet. After this, the students will be eager to know something about a balance diet and this is the very time to naturally lead the class into Step 2Step 2 Reading for information: skimming and scanning In this step, I use Task-based Language Teaching method, which can give students a clear and specific purpose while skimming and scanning the context.Task 1 General ideaThe students will be asked to just glance at the title and the pictures of the passage, and then guess what they will read in the text. And they’ll be divided into groups of four to have a discussion.The purpose is to inspire the students to read actively, not passively. In addition, the task is to develop the students’ reading skill by making prediction and to encourage the students to express their thoughts in English and cooperate with each other.Task 2 Main idea of each paragraphCooperative learning can raise the students’ interest and create an atmosphere of achievement. Based on this theory, I divide the whole class into 4 groups to skim the whole text and get the main idea of each paragraph.
Knowledge objectives:(1) to make Ss grasp the usage of words, expressions and sentence structures: statistics, struggle, thanks to, rid of, some patterns for persuasion, the “ing” form as subject and object;(2)to use learnt knowledge to persuade sb.Ability objectives:(1) to develop Ss’ reading skills(skimming, scanning, word guessing);(2) to improve Ss’ speaking, communicating and cooperating skills.Emotional objectives:to make Ss know the contribution of Yuan,and learn his spirit and his simple life time.Teaching important and difficult points:(1) some words, expressions and sentence structures mentioned above;(2)the content of the text;(3)training their reading and speaking skills.Teaching methods: CLT, TBLT,QT.Learning strategies: CLS, QLS, TBLS.Teaching procedures:Step 1 lead-in: (1) teacher plays a piece of recent news from CCTV about the harvest of the super hybrid rice, and ask students whether they know Yuan or not, and talk about him and his contribution.(2)Brain storm: let Ss describe Yuan in their minds including his appearance, his living condition and so on.Step 2 fast reading tasks:(1)teacher introduces Yuan and super hybrid rice(2)make Ss read the text as fast as possible with questions. Such as: what’s the general ideaof this passage? What’s Yuan’ dream? (skimming and scanning skill)Step 3 intensive reading tasks(1)let Ss read the text silently, find topic sentence of each paragraph and draw the difficult sentences and the knowledge what they don’t understand.(words guessing)(2)teacher and Ss talk about the important words, expressions and sentences together, and ask Ss to retell the content of the text.(summarizing and paraphrasing)(3)teacher summarize this part.(4) read again following the courseware.