Step 3 (3b)First, tell the students when we talk about our future plans, we often use: I’m+verb+ing When we talk about what we must do, we use have to. Ask the students to fill in the blanks in 3b. The answers are: shopping, go to see, a test, I’m going, my family. Step 4 (3c)Let the students write an e-mail message to a friend. Say why you can’t visit next. Before the exercise, ask the students to give some possible answers and write them on the blackboard. So the students will feel easy to finish the writing exercise. After they finish it, Let them to correct it in groups first. Each group chooses theirs best one to read in front of the whole class. Step 5 ( planning a party )First read the conversation in the box together. Then ask the students to turn to page 88.Write down everything you have to do next week. Write in all the things you have to do . Ask the students to look at the list. Ask them “What day are you free?” This is when you can have your party. Step 6 (Self check 1 )Let the students to fill in the blanks with the words given. Change the forms of the words if possible. Then make their own sentences. The answers are: visit, playing, have to, study, comeStep 7 (Self check 2)Imagine you are Marie. Read the information and look at your schedule. Write replies to the invitation.
“Go for it!” is based on “Task-Based Language Teaching”. It adheres to “The authenticity principle”, “The form-function principle”, “The task dependency principle” and “The principle of learning by doing”. These principles all accord with the demands of curriculum focus.In and of Grade Seven (II), “Go for it!”, students have learned “The Simple Past Tense”. And it appears again in of Grade Eight (I). teaches students more about how to talk about events in the past. In addition, it gives affirmative and negative statements in the past tense, such as the sentence patterns “Did you see …?” “Were there …?” “Did you go …?” As the first part of Unit 8, Section A opens with a picture presenting the last school trip in the aquarium and continues with several step-by-step practice activities, which are all good for students to master “The Simple Past Tense”. Doing well in Section A will help students integrate the new target language with that in Section B. Thus, they can describe the events in the past freely and foster their own ability of reflecting and practicing. II. Teaching ObjectivesTeaching objective is the beginning and aim of teaching activities. According to the overall goal of the English elementary course--- improve students' synthetic ability of language application, which should be based on the development of students’ “Language knowledge”, “Language skills”, “Character building”, “Learning strategies” and “Cross-cultural awareness”. The teaching objectives are described as follows(I). Knowledge objectivesi. Master the simple past tense of regular and irregular verbsii. Recite the new words and expressions about the last school trip in the aquarium, including their pronunciation and intonation
一、 教學(xué)內(nèi)容Section A 1a----1c二、 教學(xué)目標(biāo)1.學(xué)習(xí)詞匯do the dishes, make the bed, take out the trash, fold the clothes, do the laundry, sweep the floor, clean the living room.2.句型 Could you please clean your room? Yes, sure.三、 教學(xué)準(zhǔn)備 學(xué)生預(yù)習(xí)本單元所有的詞匯多媒體課件 活動(dòng)表 獎(jiǎng)品四、 教學(xué)過(guò)程Pre-task1. Warming upEnjoy ourselves. Watch cartoon Cinderella. 看動(dòng)畫(huà)片段《灰姑娘》導(dǎo)如入本課話題和新詞匯“chores”美麗善良的鬼姑娘因繼母的嫉妒,每天得做所有的家務(wù)。片段的主題使學(xué)生聯(lián)想到本課的話題。2. learn new words and phrasesLook! What is she / he dong? 看圖學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)詞詞組do chores, do the dishes, make the bed, take out the trash, fold the clothes, do the laundry, clean the living room.3. Guessing game.What is she doing ? 4. Pair work. 1a, Do you do these things at home? Write “Y” for “yes” and “N” for “no”.5. Listening . 1b , Peter’s chores or Mom’s chores?理解目標(biāo)語(yǔ)Could you please clean your room? Yes, sure.Write “M” for Mom’s chores, “P” for Peter’s chores in the chart.6. PairworkLook at the picture,Ask your partner to do the chores that you see. 7. Interview Who is the most able at home? 1) What chores do you do at home? How often do you do the chores? Work in four, interview each of the students in the group, fill in the chart.
教學(xué)目標(biāo)1.知識(shí)目標(biāo):(1)學(xué)習(xí)What are you going to be when you grow up?/How are you going to do that?句式。(2)學(xué)會(huì)用英語(yǔ)描述有關(guān)職業(yè)的表達(dá)法。2.能力目標(biāo):(1)能夠談?wù)摓閷?shí)現(xiàn)理想所做出的打算和安排。(2)能夠談?wù)撐磥?lái)自己與他人理想的職業(yè)及原因。(3)能用英語(yǔ)描述課余時(shí)間的活動(dòng)安排,最終具備表達(dá)綜合信息的能力。3.情感目標(biāo):新學(xué)期到來(lái)之際,讓他們?cè)趯W(xué)習(xí)、體育、飲食、特長(zhǎng)、讀書(shū)等方面制定計(jì)劃,教育學(xué)生合理安排自己的課外生活,思考自己的理想職業(yè)及適合自己的職業(yè)。教學(xué)重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)本單元的重點(diǎn)為“be going to”表將來(lái),want to be, what,where, when,how引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句。難點(diǎn)是語(yǔ)言目標(biāo)的實(shí)現(xiàn)。教材分析本單元以I am going to be a basketball player為話題,共設(shè)計(jì)了三部分的內(nèi)容:一、Section A該部分有4個(gè)模塊。第一模塊圍繞Do you think these jobs are interesting?這一話題展開(kāi)思維(1a)、聽(tīng)力(1b)、口語(yǔ)(1c)訓(xùn)練;
1 交通工具的比較此活動(dòng)為小組活動(dòng)。學(xué)生通過(guò)討論找出到達(dá)某一城市可乘坐的各種交通工具,并選擇最佳出行方式。Teacher:We’re going to Shanghai. How many ways can we use to get there? Yes, there are four ways: by bus, by plane, by train, by ship. Please discuss how you are going to get there.操作建議:(1)學(xué)生以小組為單位展開(kāi)活動(dòng),談?wù)摫窘M所選擇的交通工具。(2)各組選代表向全班匯報(bào),闡述本組所選擇的交通工具的利和弊。完成任務(wù)所需要的語(yǔ)言結(jié)構(gòu):We can go there by ship. It’s more comfortable and cheaper than any other transportation.We can go there by bus. It’s cheaper but it takes longer time.2 哪個(gè)城市更合適?此活動(dòng)具有挑戰(zhàn)性。假設(shè)中國(guó)要舉行2014年世界杯足球賽,分別從歷史,人文,天氣等方面對(duì)各城市(北京,大連,上海,昆明)進(jìn)行比較,選擇最佳舉辦城市。T: Imagine China is holding the 2014 FIFA World Cup. Which city do you think is the best for the World Cup, Beijing, Dalian, Shanghai or Kunming? Let’s work in groups. If you choose Beijing, please join the Team Red. If you chose Dalian, please join the Team White. If you choose Shanghai, please join the Team Blue. If you choose Kunming, please join the Team Green. Please show us its advantages. Then let’s see which team will win.
教學(xué)重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn):運(yùn)用所掌握的語(yǔ)言描述,比較不同地點(diǎn)的特點(diǎn)。在練習(xí)中學(xué)習(xí)掌握英語(yǔ)比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的用法。課前準(zhǔn)備分配小組,每組五至六人。通過(guò)上網(wǎng)或翻閱報(bào)刊雜志等方法,確定旅游線路,做出基本的旅游計(jì)劃。教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì):本節(jié)課流程圖 學(xué)法指導(dǎo):1.由于這是一堂新課,在教學(xué)中應(yīng)注意面向全體,發(fā)揮學(xué)生的主體性,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生積極參與,激發(fā)學(xué)生的求知欲和學(xué)習(xí)積極性,指導(dǎo)學(xué)生積極思維,主動(dòng)獲取知識(shí),養(yǎng)成良好的學(xué)習(xí)方法。逐步學(xué)會(huì)獨(dú)立解決問(wèn)題??傊M可能調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生的非智力因素促進(jìn)智力因素的發(fā)展。教法選擇:1.電化教學(xué)法2.課堂討論法3.任務(wù)型教學(xué)法采用這些方法的目的是為了充分調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)積極性,使學(xué)生變被動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)為主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)。通過(guò)電腦形象的演示,加強(qiáng)印象,提高興趣,突破難點(diǎn),提高教學(xué)效率,進(jìn)而增大教學(xué)的容量和信息量。充分體現(xiàn)教師為主導(dǎo),學(xué)生為主體的教學(xué)原則。
1、能夠聽(tīng)懂、會(huì)說(shuō):Can you ……?Yes, I can./No, I can’t, but I’d like to have a try!并能在情景中運(yùn)用。2、能夠完成Task time中的任務(wù)。教學(xué)重、難點(diǎn):重點(diǎn):Can you ……? Yes, I can./No, I can’t.難點(diǎn):I’d like to have a try. 以及在實(shí)際情景中正確運(yùn)用所學(xué)對(duì)話。課前準(zhǔn)備:錄音帶、錄音機(jī)、動(dòng)作詞卡教學(xué)過(guò)程:1、 熱身(1) 放歌謠,學(xué)生邊說(shuō)邊做相應(yīng)的動(dòng)作。(2) 將動(dòng)詞編入歌謠,有節(jié)奏地說(shuō)唱。2、 預(yù)習(xí)(1) 聽(tīng)數(shù)字,報(bào)詞組。(2) 做“少了什么?”游戲。(3) 學(xué)生拼讀四會(huì)詞組并仿寫(xiě)。3、 新授Let’s try(1)教師向?qū)W生展示掛圖,放錄音,學(xué)生用彩筆連線,完成練習(xí)。錄音內(nèi)容如下:①Boy: I can make the bed. I can do the dishes. And I can empty the trash.②Girl: I can sweep the floor. I can cook the meals. I can wash the clothes.Listen and link. Who are they?(2)教師檢查并指導(dǎo)學(xué)生完成連線。(3)師生、生生問(wèn)答操練:Can you ……?Yes, I can. /No, I can’t.Let’s talk(1)教師放錄音,學(xué)生跟讀。注意“but I’d like to have a try!”的發(fā)音和意思。(2)學(xué)生四人小組進(jìn)行對(duì)話操練,然后上臺(tái)表演對(duì)話。(3)請(qǐng)若干女生上臺(tái),做連鎖問(wèn)答游戲。
(3) 聽(tīng)錄音,跟讀。(4) 同桌之間,進(jìn)行對(duì)話替換操練,然后先幾組在班上說(shuō)一說(shuō)。(5) 聽(tīng)Let’s check.教師放錄音。錄音原文如下:Is there a lake in the nature Park?No, there is a river. The water is very clean.Are there any tall buildings in your village?No, there aren’t. There are only small houses.Is there a forest near your village? Yes, there is. There are many beautiful trees. Are there any bridges over the river? Yes, there are two bridges.鞏固延伸:做配套練習(xí);做“你猜我答”游戲;做Task time任務(wù)第六課時(shí)教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)教學(xué)目標(biāo)與要求:1、 能夠聽(tīng)說(shuō)讀寫(xiě)本課句型及單詞。2、 能用“There be…”句型介紹山村并描述其特征。教學(xué)重、難點(diǎn):重點(diǎn)掌握句型的書(shū)寫(xiě)難點(diǎn):?jiǎn)卧~的復(fù)數(shù)。課前準(zhǔn)備:詞卡、錄音機(jī)、錄音帶教學(xué)過(guò)程:1、 熱身(1) 日??谡Z(yǔ)練習(xí)。(2) 放錄音,讓學(xué)生跟著錄音說(shuō)唱。2、 預(yù)習(xí)做“拼單詞”游戲。3、 新授Read and write(1) 看圖,說(shuō):There are two pictures. What’s in the pictures? Listen.教師放錄音,學(xué)生邊聽(tīng)邊閱讀。(2) 學(xué)生就不懂的地方提問(wèn),教師解答。(3) 放錄音,然后指導(dǎo)學(xué)生完成練習(xí)。(4) 指導(dǎo)學(xué)生書(shū)寫(xiě)四會(huì)句子。
1、 熱身日常口語(yǔ)練習(xí)。2、 預(yù)習(xí)引導(dǎo)學(xué)生使用第四課時(shí)學(xué)過(guò)的單詞和句型:What do you do on Saturdays? I often do my homework .并結(jié)合周末活動(dòng)的照片復(fù)習(xí)四會(huì)單詞和詞組,為本課時(shí)對(duì)話的學(xué)習(xí)做好準(zhǔn)備。3、 新課呈現(xiàn)Let’s try (1)在預(yù)習(xí)部分操練新詞組之后,教師可詢問(wèn)學(xué)生的周末安排,然后出示本課時(shí)Let’s try部分的掛圖,讓學(xué)生根據(jù)掛圖說(shuō)一說(shuō)這些人物的周末活動(dòng),將聽(tīng)與說(shuō)相結(jié)合,適當(dāng)減緩Let’s try 聽(tīng)力練習(xí)的難度。聽(tīng)錄音,完成聽(tīng)音圈圖的練習(xí)。Let’s talk (1)在部分聽(tīng)覺(jué)感知新句型的基礎(chǔ)上,教師讓學(xué)生看掛圖聽(tīng)錄音。(2)跟讀對(duì)話。Pair work 朗讀對(duì)話之后,讓學(xué)生結(jié)合自己的實(shí)際情況在同桌之間結(jié)對(duì)交流。Let’s check 播放錄音,讓學(xué)生按照錄音內(nèi)容做練習(xí)。第六課時(shí)教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)教學(xué)內(nèi)容:B Read and write Group work C Task time教學(xué)目標(biāo):能聽(tīng)懂、會(huì)說(shuō):并能在情景中運(yùn)用。
1. First, ... then, ... next, ... finally, ...首先,……然后,……接著,……最后,……這是英語(yǔ)中表達(dá)做某事的步驟的一種說(shuō)法。如果步驟較多,還可以說(shuō):first-next-after that-later on-finally/at last通常你會(huì)聽(tīng)到說(shuō)英語(yǔ)國(guó)家的人在說(shuō) first, next, then, finally 和后面的內(nèi)容時(shí),他們會(huì)做一些停頓。這樣就能提前告訴聽(tīng)者接下來(lái)講的是一系列的步驟。這一點(diǎn)在朗讀和聽(tīng)力中應(yīng)特別注意。2. how many, how much均為疑問(wèn)詞,同是“多少”,但用法不同。請(qǐng)看:how many修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),how much修飾不可數(shù)名詞。但在用法上,同學(xué)們常犯如下錯(cuò)誤:1) [誤] How many are there bananas on the table?[正] How many bananas are there on the table?[析] how many, how much 中的many,much是形容詞,常修飾名詞作定語(yǔ),故后面跟名詞。2) [誤]How much tea are there on the table?[正]How much tea is there on the table?[析] how much修飾不可數(shù)名詞時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。how many與how much的區(qū)別可簡(jiǎn)記為:前how many:?jiǎn)枴岸嗌佟?,?fù)數(shù)名詞后面跑;how much問(wèn)“多少”,不可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)好。前者答語(yǔ)用基數(shù)詞,后者答語(yǔ)用數(shù)量關(guān)系。
Step Ⅶ Role play ( Work on 1b)1. First ask two students to read the dialogue to the class.Sa: How do you get to school?Sb: Well, I ride my bike to the subway station. Then I take the subway.2. Now work with a partner.Suppose you use two kinds of transportation to get to school \Hangzhou\Beijing... (bus, train, subway, walking, bike, etc.) Tell how you get there. You may use the phrases in 1a.3. Then ask different pairs of students to present their conversations to the class.Step ⅧListening1. Work on 2a(1) First ask students to read the list of information that Thomas wants to know.…where Nina lives.…h(huán)ow far from school she lives.…h(huán)ow long it takes to get to school.…h(huán)ow she gets to school.…what she thinks of the transportation.(2) Tell students what transportation and bus stop mean.bus stop 汽車(chē)站 transportation n. 運(yùn)送;運(yùn)輸Then tell students we'll hear a recording. Please put a checkmark in front of each thing that Thomas wants to know.(3) Now play the recording for students.( Have students pay attention to the sample answer.) (4) Then correct the answers.
Teaching goals : 1. Words & phrases: babysit ,get back , fishing , rent , think about , decide(on) , tourist etc. 2. How to talk about future plans . 3. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)計(jì)劃或行動(dòng). 4. 特殊疑問(wèn)句(where , when , how long引導(dǎo)) Important and difficult points : Drills :What are you doing for vacation ? I’m watching TV . When are you going ? I’m going … . How long are you staying ? We’re staying for five days . Teaching aids : cards and a tape ,a large wall calendar . Period 1 Teaching procedures : Step 1Leading in1. Free talk . 2. Put up the wall calendar . T: I’m staying home on Saturday (pointing to next Saturday ).Ss repeat . Ss: I’m staying home on Saturday . T: OK. Today we’ll learn how to talk about future plans. Step 2Pre-task SB Page 13 , 1a . 1. Look at the picture carefully and tell what you see in the picture . 2. Write the activities from the pictures in the box and add some more . 3. Practice reading . Step 3While-task1. Using the activities we write in 1a to make conversations .For example :What are you doing for vacation ? I’m visiting my uncle . 2. Pairwork .Practice in pairs . 3. 用第三人稱(chēng)練習(xí)對(duì)話.
She shouldn’t go to the party tonight.Step7. TaskT: You know, there are lots of problems in our life. If you are a doctor, please tell us how to solve the problem. I will divide you into 9 groups. Please work in groups. And then choose one of you to report your ideas.The following are the problems:I have a toothache.I am hungry. I have a sore throat.I am stressed out. I have a sore back.I am tired. I can’t sleep.I have a cold. I have a headache.Report: If you have a headache, you should go to bed early. You should see the doctor. You should eat some medicine. You shouldn’t wash your face with cold water.You shouldn’t sleep late.You shouldn’t swim.…..T encourages the students to give advice as much as possible.Homework:1. Chose one of the problems, and write down your advice2. Copy the new words這一步是用于熱身的,同時(shí)也可以讓他們復(fù)習(xí)一部分的表示人體部位的單詞,擴(kuò)充知識(shí).學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言的過(guò)程也是一個(gè)不斷積累的過(guò)程,復(fù)習(xí)舊知識(shí),增添新知識(shí).通過(guò)小游戲,強(qiáng)化學(xué)生對(duì)Does she/he have…這個(gè)句子的運(yùn)用能力.通過(guò)復(fù)習(xí),自然的引到下面新知識(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)。充分利用表格,由句子到對(duì)話,再到文章,讓學(xué)生循序漸進(jìn). 提高學(xué)生的綜合語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力,運(yùn)用以前學(xué)過(guò)的知識(shí)來(lái)解決身邊的問(wèn)題.Period 5 (Section B 3a—3c, selfcheck)教學(xué)內(nèi)容與分析:
教后反思本節(jié)課給學(xué)生創(chuàng)設(shè)了良好的活動(dòng)空間,把學(xué)生實(shí)際生活中聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)的見(jiàn)到的平均分現(xiàn)象展示給學(xué)生看,把生活和數(shù)學(xué)聯(lián)系起來(lái),在學(xué)生感受“同樣多”的基礎(chǔ)上概括出什么叫平均分。揭示平均分這一數(shù)學(xué)知識(shí)在生活中的應(yīng)用,之后突出了學(xué)生三次實(shí)際操作。第一次,小組同學(xué)互相分水果,重視學(xué)生分的結(jié)果。體會(huì)感受“平均分”的含義。第二次,重視分法:15個(gè)橘子平均分成5份。體現(xiàn)了學(xué)生對(duì)物品的不同分法,建立了平均分的概念。第三次,分礦泉水,通過(guò)份數(shù)變化,觀察分的就結(jié)果,深刻體會(huì)“平均分”,為認(rèn)識(shí)除法積累豐富的知識(shí)。為學(xué)生營(yíng)造探索的空間。第二課時(shí):平均分的認(rèn)識(shí)(二)教學(xué)內(nèi)容鞏固“平均分”。課本第15頁(yè)的例題3。教學(xué)目標(biāo)1.鞏固“平均分”的概念,知道平均分就是每一份分得結(jié)果同樣多。
三維目標(biāo)1.知識(shí)與技能(1)讓學(xué)生經(jīng)歷用7、8、9的乘法口訣求商的過(guò)程,掌握用乘法口訣求商的一般方法。(2)使學(xué)生會(huì)綜合應(yīng)用乘、除法運(yùn)算解決簡(jiǎn)單的或稍復(fù)雜的實(shí)際問(wèn)題。2.過(guò)程與方法在解決問(wèn)題的過(guò)程中,讓學(xué)生初步嘗試運(yùn)用分析、推理和轉(zhuǎn)化的學(xué)習(xí)方法。3.情感、態(tài)度與價(jià)值觀讓學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)中體驗(yàn)到成功的喜悅,增強(qiáng)學(xué)生學(xué)好數(shù)學(xué)的信心。重、難點(diǎn)與關(guān)鍵1.重點(diǎn):使學(xué)生熟練應(yīng)用乘法口訣求商,經(jīng)歷從實(shí)際問(wèn)題中抽象出一個(gè)數(shù)是另一個(gè)數(shù)的幾倍的數(shù)量關(guān)系的過(guò)程,會(huì)用乘法口訣求商的技能解決實(shí)際問(wèn)題。2.難點(diǎn):應(yīng)用分析推理將一個(gè)數(shù)是另一個(gè)數(shù)的幾倍是多少的數(shù)量關(guān)系轉(zhuǎn)化為一個(gè)數(shù)里面有幾個(gè)另一個(gè)數(shù)的除法含義。3.關(guān)鍵:以解決問(wèn)題為載體,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的數(shù)感。
(4)列式計(jì)算:94—34=60(個(gè))60—29=31(個(gè))或34+29=63(個(gè))94-63=31(個(gè))讓學(xué)生列出綜合算式,要他們正確的使用小括號(hào)。列好后要求學(xué)生說(shuō)出每一步表示的意義。94-34-29或94-(34+29)b.教科書(shū)第7頁(yè)練習(xí)一的第3題。讓學(xué)生自己分析題目的已知條件和問(wèn)題,然后用兩種方法列式解答。58-6-7或58-(6+7)[第2題和第3題是配合例2設(shè)計(jì)的。教學(xué)時(shí)先讓學(xué)生說(shuō)明圖意,然后思考要解決的問(wèn)題。著重練習(xí)如何正確使用小括號(hào),同時(shí)對(duì)學(xué)生進(jìn)行環(huán)保意識(shí)的教育。]9.作業(yè)安排①.新型電腦公司有87臺(tái)電腦,上午賣(mài)出19臺(tái),下午賣(mài)出26臺(tái),還剩下多少臺(tái)?(用兩種方法解答)②.班級(jí)里有22張臘光紙,又買(mǎi)來(lái)27張。開(kāi)聯(lián)歡會(huì)時(shí)用去38張,還剩下多少?gòu)?③.少年宮新購(gòu)進(jìn)小提琴52把,中提琴比小提琴少20把,兩種琴一共有多少把?④.一輛公共汽車(chē)?yán)镉?6位乘客,到福州路下去8位,又上來(lái)12位,這時(shí)車(chē)上有多少位?
1.教學(xué)內(nèi)容:本課是北師大版第三單元《分?jǐn)?shù)》:《找最小公倍數(shù)》第一課時(shí)。是引導(dǎo)學(xué)生在自主參與、發(fā)現(xiàn)、歸納的基礎(chǔ)上認(rèn)識(shí)并建立并理解公倍數(shù)和最小公倍數(shù)的概念的過(guò)程。并總結(jié)歸納出一些找最小公倍數(shù)的方法。2.教材編寫(xiě)意圖:五年級(jí)學(xué)生的生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)和知識(shí)背景比較豐富,新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求教材選擇具有現(xiàn)實(shí)性和趣味性的素材,采取螺旋上升的方式,由淺入深地促使學(xué)生在探索與交流中建立公倍數(shù)與最小公倍數(shù)的概念。在此之前,學(xué)生已經(jīng)了解了整除、倍數(shù)、因數(shù)以及公因數(shù)和最大公因數(shù)。通過(guò)寫(xiě)出幾個(gè)數(shù)的倍數(shù),找出公有的倍數(shù),再?gòu)墓械谋稊?shù)中找出最小的一個(gè),從而引出公倍數(shù)與最小公倍數(shù)的概念。接著用集合圖形象地表示出兩個(gè)數(shù)的倍數(shù),以及這兩個(gè)數(shù)公有的倍數(shù),這一內(nèi)容的學(xué)習(xí)也為今后的通分、約分學(xué)習(xí)打下的基礎(chǔ),具有科學(xué)的、嚴(yán)密的邏輯性。(二)對(duì)教材的處理意見(jiàn)1.教材中讓學(xué)生找4和6的倍數(shù),進(jìn)而引出公倍數(shù)和最小公倍數(shù)的概念,利于學(xué)生建立對(duì)概念的理解。
學(xué)生以小組為單位,合作探究螞蟻爬行的最短路線,充分討論后,匯總各小組的方案,在全班范圍內(nèi)討論每種方案的路線計(jì)算方法,通過(guò)具體計(jì)算,總結(jié)出最短路線。讓學(xué)生發(fā)現(xiàn):沿圓柱體母線剪開(kāi)后展開(kāi)得到矩形,研究“螞蟻怎么走最近”就是研究?jī)牲c(diǎn)連線最短問(wèn)題,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生體會(huì)利用數(shù)學(xué)解決實(shí)際問(wèn)題的方法:建立數(shù)學(xué)模型,構(gòu)圖,計(jì)算.意圖:通過(guò)學(xué)生的合作探究,找到解決“螞蟻怎么走最近”的方法,將曲面最短距離問(wèn)題轉(zhuǎn)化為平面最短距離問(wèn)題并利用勾股定理求解.在活動(dòng)中體驗(yàn)數(shù)學(xué)建摸,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生與人合作交流的能力,增強(qiáng)學(xué)生探究能力,操作能力,分析能力,發(fā)展空間觀念.3.突破重點(diǎn)、突破難點(diǎn)的策略在教學(xué)過(guò)程中教師應(yīng)通過(guò)情景創(chuàng)設(shè),激發(fā)興趣,鼓勵(lì)引導(dǎo)學(xué)生經(jīng)歷探索過(guò)程,得出結(jié)論,從而發(fā)展學(xué)生的數(shù)學(xué)應(yīng)用能力,提高學(xué)生解決實(shí)際問(wèn)題的能力.
師:看著這些逝去的生命,我們?cè)撏春拚l(shuí)? 師:香煙真是既害人又害己!活動(dòng) 4:毒品更危險(xiǎn) 師:飲酒呢?還有一樣比煙酒更危險(xiǎn),那就是毒品。請(qǐng)聽(tīng)一個(gè)真實(shí)的故事:阿輝的經(jīng)歷給你最深的感受是什么?(播放錄音:花季少年的噩夢(mèng))師:為什么說(shuō)“吸毒一口,落入虎口”?強(qiáng)制戒毒,能使他終身擺脫毒品嗎?師:吸毒對(duì)個(gè)人、家庭和社會(huì)有哪些危害?課前有小組查閱了相 關(guān)資料,請(qǐng)他們來(lái)跟大家介紹一下吧。師:聽(tīng)完介紹,你知道了什么? 出示《中華人民共和國(guó)禁毒法》 活動(dòng) 5:受到危害有原因師:可是有的青少年明知有危害,還是抽煙、飲酒甚至吸毒。這 是什么原因嗎?師:因此,對(duì)于煙酒和毒品,我們都應(yīng)該提高警惕、主動(dòng)拒絕。 那么怎么拒絕?下節(jié)課我們一同來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)。
變式訓(xùn)練:見(jiàn)《學(xué)練優(yōu)》本課時(shí)練習(xí)“課堂達(dá)標(biāo)訓(xùn)練”第5題【類(lèi)型二】 在同一坐標(biāo)系中判斷二次函數(shù)和一次函數(shù)的圖象在同一直角坐標(biāo)系中,一次函數(shù)y=ax+c和二次函數(shù)y=ax2+c的圖象大致為()解析:∵一次函數(shù)和二次函數(shù)都經(jīng)過(guò)y軸上的點(diǎn)(0,c),∴兩個(gè)函數(shù)圖象交于y軸上的同一點(diǎn),故B選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;當(dāng)a>0時(shí),二次函數(shù)的圖象開(kāi)口向上,一次函數(shù)的圖象從左向右上升,故C選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;當(dāng)a<0時(shí),二次函數(shù)的圖象開(kāi)口向下,一次函數(shù)的圖象從左向右下降,故A選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤,D選項(xiàng)正確.故選D.方法總結(jié):熟記一次函數(shù)y=kx+b在不同情況下所在的象限,以及熟練掌握二次函數(shù)的有關(guān)性質(zhì)(開(kāi)口方向、對(duì)稱(chēng)軸、頂點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)等)是解決問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵.變式訓(xùn)練:見(jiàn)《學(xué)練優(yōu)》本課時(shí)練習(xí)“課后鞏固提升” 第4題【類(lèi)型三】 二次函數(shù)y=ax2+c的圖象與三角形的綜合