戰(zhàn)國陰陽五行家鄒衍認為,歷史中的朝代更替是由于五德運行產(chǎn)生的影響。按照鄒衍的學(xué)說,每個朝代必須與五德之一相連,因此,這個朝代就應(yīng)當(dāng)遵循這五德之一的要求來運轉(zhuǎn)。董仲舒修改了這個理論,認為朝代的更替不是依循五德運行的順序,而是依循“三統(tǒng)”,即黑統(tǒng)、白統(tǒng)、赤統(tǒng)的順序。他在《三代改制質(zhì)文》中說:每個朝代都依循一統(tǒng),每統(tǒng)又各有其為政的系統(tǒng)。按董仲舒的說法,夏朝代表黑統(tǒng),商朝代表白統(tǒng);周朝則是赤統(tǒng)。夏、商、周三朝完成了這一歷史循環(huán)。之后,歷史又開始一次新的循環(huán),新的朝代又應(yīng)當(dāng)代表黑統(tǒng)。繼承周朝統(tǒng)治的既不是秦朝,也不是漢朝,而是孔子,他承受天命,創(chuàng)立了黑統(tǒng)??鬃铀芴烀?,不是一種“法統(tǒng)”,而是一種“道統(tǒng)”。董仲舒說:“《春秋》大一統(tǒng)者,天地之常經(jīng),古今之通誼也。今師異道,人異論,百家殊方,指意不同,是以上亡以持一統(tǒng);法制數(shù)變,下不知所守。臣愚以為諸不在六藝之科孔子之術(shù)者,皆絕其道,勿使并進。邪辟之說滅息,然后統(tǒng)紀可一而法度可明,民知所從矣?!?/p>
乾隆五十五年(公元1790年),在安徽一帶很有名氣的“三慶”徽戲班,來到北京演出?;諔蛟诒本┙?jīng)常和其他劇種同臺演出,注意吸收和借鑒他們的長處。尤其是與以唱二黃調(diào)和西皮調(diào)為主的漢戲的合演,逐漸形成了二黃與西皮的合流,形成了“徽漢合流”的局面,后來徽劇又吸收其他民間曲調(diào)的唱腔、劇目和表演方式,逐漸形成以“皮黃”為主要聲腔的京劇。到1840年左右,京劇的唱腔、念白、劇本和表演已經(jīng)成熟,尤其是出現(xiàn)了以演“京戲”為主的一批演員,他們不再以徽戲、漢戲為名,而以演“京戲”自居。從此,誕生了一個獨立的劇種──京劇。2、京劇的發(fā)展早期的京劇以迷人的唱腔、豐富的劇目、精彩的表演和京腔京味吸引了觀眾,使京城出現(xiàn)了京劇熱。同治、光緒年間,京劇已經(jīng)被京城市民承認,成為人們最喜愛的舞臺藝術(shù)。并涌現(xiàn)出著名的“同光十三絕”。
4、維新思想推動下的變法運動雖然失敗了。但這是中國近代真正意義上的一次思想解放潮流,為什么?展開:維新派提倡西學(xué),興民權(quán),對封建專制制度和傳統(tǒng)觀念進行了沖擊,促進了中國人民的覺醒,為資產(chǎn)階級民主思想的傳播奠定了基礎(chǔ),具有思想解放的啟蒙作用。是一次救亡圖存的愛國運動,也是一次發(fā)展資本主義的改革運動;他們提倡資產(chǎn)階級新學(xué),批判封建主義舊學(xué),引導(dǎo)人們重新認識世界,他們痛感民族危機的嚴重,號召人們奮起救國,謀求國家的獨立富強;給古老的中國社會注入的活力是不可低估的,站在歷史長河的高度看,由傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)耕社會向近代工業(yè)社會轉(zhuǎn)變是一股不可抗拒的歷史潮流,盡管它在19世紀末的中國遭到了暫時挫折,但對清朝的封建專制統(tǒng)治卻是一次巨大的強烈的沖擊波,它留下的痕跡是永不磨滅的,是永遠鼓舞與啟迪后人的。
思考:1)材料1、2反映了一個什么樣的嚴重問題?(饑餓和糧食問題)2)材料3中,中國農(nóng)民為什么那樣說?(鄧小平在全國實行的以家庭聯(lián)產(chǎn)承包責(zé)任制為主要形式的責(zé)任制調(diào)動了農(nóng)民生產(chǎn)的積極性,解放了農(nóng)村生產(chǎn)力,推動了農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展;袁隆平的雜交水稻提高了水稻產(chǎn)量,增加了農(nóng)民的收入,解決了農(nóng)民的吃飯問題)3)據(jù)以上材料指出,袁隆平研究的交水稻有何重大意義?(雜交稻不僅解決了中國人的吃飯問題;而且其在世界范圍的推廣,也有助于解決世界性的饑餓問題)四、計算機技術(shù)與生物技術(shù)的發(fā)展1、20世紀50年代,我國開始了計算機的研制工作;2、1983年,我國成功研制出巨型計算機“銀河-Ⅰ號”,加速了國家信息化的發(fā)展;3、1965年,中國首次人工合成結(jié)晶牛胰島素(在世界上第一次用人工方法合成出具有生物活性的蛋白質(zhì)——結(jié)晶牛胰島素) 。4、積極參與人類基因的研究(唯一的發(fā)展中國家)。
②顧炎武也激烈反對君主專制, 主張限制君權(quán),提出亡國與亡天下的區(qū)別,認為,保衛(wèi)一家一姓的國家,是君主及其大臣的事,而保衛(wèi)天下是所有人的事,這段話后來被后人提煉為“天下興亡,匹 夫有責(zé)”,鼓勵人民關(guān)心國家大事。③王夫之認為天下的土地不能被君主一人所有,而應(yīng)當(dāng)是從事農(nóng)業(yè)的老百姓都有份。2.經(jīng)濟上,重視手工業(yè)、商業(yè)的發(fā)展,強調(diào)經(jīng)世致用。①黃宗羲駁斥輕視工商業(yè)的傳統(tǒng)思想,指出工商業(yè)和農(nóng)業(yè)一樣,都是“民生之本”,應(yīng)該受到保護。②顧炎武、王夫之主張文人多研究一些有關(guān)國計民生的現(xiàn)實問題,反對空談。3.思想上,批判繼承傳統(tǒng)儒學(xué),構(gòu)筑具有時代特色的新思想體系。①黃宗羲批判舊儒學(xué)的“君為臣綱”的思想,繼承先秦儒家的民本思想,提出 “天下為主,君為客”的新思想命題。
The topic of this part is “Learn to make choices in life”.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at the moral dilemmas, and this part is about making choices in life. The heroin is Lin Qiaozhi, a famous medical scientist, made a great contribution to our country’s medical care. Most importantly, her life experience can inspire our students whether in studying or the development of career. she had moral dilemmas and life choices, which are similar to the students who will step into society. Besides, Lin has quite good virtues like kindness, self-improvement, insistence, job-loving , generosity and responsibility, which is worth being learned.Concretely, this article is a biography about Lin Qiaozhi. The article tells her whole life according the timeline, among which the life choices is emphasized. For example, whether married or chased her dream, returned home or stayed abroad, family or public, her choices all reflected her faith, spirit, responsibility and devotion.1. Fast reading to get the detailed information about Lin Qiaozhi; careful reading to do the deductive information.2. Learn the reading skills--deductive judgement according the context.3. Study the structure features and language features. 4. Communicate about Lin’s life choices and reflect their own life choices.1. Learn the reading skills--deductive judgement according the context.2. Study the structure features and language features.3. Communicate about Lin’s life choices and reflect their own life choices.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat are some important life choices?Importance choices: university study, jobs and marriage partners. Because they can determine our future.
1. 這個寓言是一個關(guān)于一位國王古寓言。 The fable is an old fable about a king.2.作者用這個故事讓讀者對于社區(qū)的問題負有個人責(zé)任的必要印象深刻。The author used the story to impress upon readers with the need to take personal responsibility for problems in the community.3. 這個故事十分成功的實現(xiàn)了它的目的。The story was quite successful in achieving its purpose.Step 7 WritingPlease write a review of the story according the outline above.The fable is an old fable about a king who thought his people are lazy, so he put a large stone in the middle of the road and hides and waited to see if anyone will try to move it.The author used this story to impress upon readers with the need to take personal responsibility for problems in the community. The story was quite successful in achieving its purpose, and I liked it because it had a clear moral.However, while the moral of the story is clear, the actions of the king seemed pointless to me, because none of the characters in the story learnt anything. For this reason, I think there are better stories that can be used to impress upon people with the need for personal responsibility.Step 8 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1. Does the writer give a short description of the story ?2. Does the description include the most important details of the story ?3. Does the writer give his or her opinion about the character or their actions ?4. Is the review well-organised ? 5. Does the writer use the -ing form as the adverbial correctly in the writing ?6. Are there any grammar, spelling, or punctuation errors ?Step 9 HomeworkPut up your revised draft in the classroom or read it to your class.
Step 4 PracticeRead the conversation. Find out which words have been left out.Justin: Linlin, I’m going to Guizhou Province next month. I’m super excited! Any recommendations for places to visit?Linlin: Wow, cool! Guizhou is a province with a lot of cultural diversity. Places to visit...well, definitely the Huangguoshu Waterfall first.Justin: What’s special about the waterfall?Linlin: Well, have you ever heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West ?Justin: Yes, I have. Why ?Linlin: In the back of the waterfall, you will find a cave, which is the home of the Monkey King.Justin: Really? Cool! I’ll definitely check it out.Linlin:And I strongly recommend the ethnic minority villages. You’ll find Chinese culture is much more diverse than you thought.Justin:Sounds great, thanks.Answers:Justin: Linlin, I’m going to Guizhou Province next month. I’m super excited! Do you have any recommendations for places to visit?Linlin: Wow, that’s cool! Guizhou is a province with a lot of cultural diversity. What are some places to visit in Guizhou ? Well, definitely the Huangguoshu Waterfall is the first place to visit in Guizhou Province.Justin: What’s special about the waterfall?Linlin: Well, have you ever heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West ?Justin: Yes, I have heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West . Why do you ask if I have heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West?Linlin: In the back of the waterfall, you will find a cave, which is the home of the Monkey King from Journey to the West.Justin: That’s really true? It’s Cool! I’ll definitely check it out.Linlin:And I strongly recommend the ethnic minority villages on your trip to Guizhou Province. You’ll find Chinese culture is much more diverse than you thought it was.Justin:This all sounds great, thanks.
1. In Picture 1 and Picture 2, where do you think they are from? How do you know?From their wearings, we can know they are from ethnic minority of China--- Miao and Dong.Picture 1, they are playing their traditional instrument lusheng in their traditional costumes.Picture 2. the girls are Miao because they wear their traditional costumes and silver accessory.2. In Picture 3, can you find which village it is? What time is it in the picture?It is Dong village. It is at night. Step 2 While-listeningJustin met a new friend while traveling in Guizhou. Listen to their conversation and complete the summaries below.Part 1Justin and Wu Yue watched some Miao people play the lusheng. The instrument has a history of over 3,000 years and it is even mentioned in the oldest collection of Chinese poetry. Then they watched the lusheng dance. Justin wanted to buy some hand-made silver/traditional accessories as souvenirs. He was told that the price will depend on the percentage of silver. Part 2They will go to a pretty Dong minority village called Zhaoxing. they will see the drum towers and the wind and rain bridges. They may also see a performance of the Grand Song of the Dong people.Step 3 Post-listening---TalkingWork in groups. Imagine Justin is telling some friends about his trip to Guizhou. One of you is Justin and the rest of you are his friends. Ask Justin questions about his trip and experience. The following expressions may help you.
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “talking about how to become an astronaut”. This period is aimed to inform students some details about the requirements of being an astronaut. Students can be motivated and inspired by the astronauts. Teachers ought to encourage students to learn from them and let them aim high and dream big.Listening and Talking introduces the theme of "talk about life in space". This part also informs students more details about life in space and can inspire students to be curious about this job. 1. Guide students to listen for numbers concerning dates, years and ages etc2. Cultivate students' ability to talk about how to become an astronaut and life in space ; 3. Instruct students to use functional sentences of the dialogue such as “ first of all, I am not sure, so what might be .. I guess.. I wonder…I am curious…)appropriately.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of the whole and key details; 2. Cultivate students' ability to guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to become a qualified astronaut and describe the life in space.Part 1: Listening and SpeakingStep 1: Lead inPredictionThe teacher can ask students to predict what the listening text is about by looking at the pictures.About how to become an astronaut./the requirements of an astronautStep 2: Then, play the radio which is about an interview a. And after finishing listening for the first time, the students need to solve the following tasks.
The themes of this part are “Talk about how to become an astronaut” and “Talk about life in space”. As Neil Armstrong said “Mystery creates wonder and wonder is the basis of man’s desire to understand. Space is difficult for human to reach, therefore, humans are full of wonders about it. However, if wanting to achieve the dream of reaching the Moon, some of our human should work hard to be an astronaut at first. Part A(Talk about how to become an astronaut) is a radio interview in a radio studio, where the host asked the Chinese astronauts about his story how to become an astronaut. Yang Liwei told his dreamed to be an astronaut since childhood. Then he worked hard to get into college at 22. The next 10 years, he gradually became an experienced pilot. At the same time, to be an astronaut, he had to study hard English, science and astronomy and trained hard to keep in good physical and mental health and to practise using space equipment. Part B (Talk about life in space) is also an interview with the astronaut Brown, who is back on the earth. The host Max asked about his space life, such as his emotion about going back the earth, the eating, shower, brushing, hobbies and his work. Part A and Part B are interviews. So expressing curiosity about the guests’ past life is a communicative skill, which students should be guided to learn.1. Students can get detailed information about how Yang Liwei became an astronaut and Max’s space life.2. Students learn to proper listening strategy to get detailed information---listening for numbers and taking notes.3. Students can learn related sentences or phrases to express their curiosity like “ I wish to know...” “I’d love to know...”4. Students can learn more about the space and astronauts, even be interested in working hard to be an astronaut
The theme of this unit focuses on “space exploration.” Students will learn about the training and experience needed to become an astronaut. The text is mainly about the development of space exploration. On the one hand, the text helps students to have a good understanding about the great feats humans have achieved, on the other hand, they will further understand the contributions that we Chinese have achieved, and feel confident and proud about our homeland and strengthen their love for our country. The teacher should instruct students to aim high and study harder to make great progress in the space career if possible.1. Read about the development and value of space exploration.2. Explore the mysteries of the universe and the achievements in space exploration.3. Skillfully use the vocabulary of this text to cultivate self-study ability 4. Develop cooperative learning ability through discussion.1. Enable the Ss to talk about the development and value of space exploration.2. Guide the Ss to summarize the main idea of each paragraph as well as the main idea of the text.3. Help Ss comprehend the main reasons for space exploration. Multi-media, textbook, notebooks.Step 1: Warming up and predictionLook at the title and the pictures of the text and predict what the text will be about?2. What are the main reasons for space exploration?
Q4: What is the function of the International exploration ?Having astronauts from different countries on boardQ5: What can you learn from Para 4 ?China has made great achievements in exploring spaceQ6: What is the attitude to the space exploration ?SupportiveStep 6 Post reading---RetellPeople have always wanted to learn more about space. Before the mid-20th century, most people felt (1)_________ (travel) into space was an impossible dream. However, (2)____ the help of scientists, peoplesucceeded in realizing their dream (3) _________ (explore) space. On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite (4) ____________(launch) by the USSR. (5) ________________ scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen. These disasters made everyone(6)___________(disappoint), but people still believe in the importance of (7) ________(carry) on space exploration. In 2003, China became the third country to (8)_____________ (independent) send humans into space. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed (9)____ second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk. In spite of the difficulties, scientists hope future (10)__________ (discovery) will not only enable us to understand the universe but also help us survive well into the future.Answers: 1. travelling 2. with 3. to explore 4. was launched 5. Although6. disappointed 7. carrying 8. independently 9. a 10. discoveriesStep 6 Post reading---Critical thinkingQ1: What do you think of the space exploration ? I think it is beneficial to us. Through further study of space, people will make full use of it in the future, such as the space experiments by Wang Yaping in Tian Gong 1.Q2: If you are determined to be an astronaut, what should you prepare at present ?First of all, I should study hard to get a related college degree. Besides, I must keep mental and physical healthy.Step 7. HomeworkTry to summarize the structure of the article by a mind map.
⑦在我看來, 探索太空是值得的。As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space.Step 10 Writing---draftRecently, students in our class have had heated a discussion on whether space is worth exploring. Students hold different ideas about it.30% of us think space exploration is not worthwhile. They think space is too far away from us and our daily life and is a waste of money. And the money spent on space exploration can be used to solve the earth’s problems such as starvation and pollution.On the other hand,70% think space is worth exploring because we have benefited a lot from it,such as using satellites for communication and weather forecast. What’s more,with further space research,we may solve the population problem by moving to other planets one day. Also,space research will enable us to find new sources to solve the problem of energy shortages on the earth.As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space. Not only can it promote the development of society but also enrich our life. Step 11 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1.Does the writer explain why he/she changed/wanted to change?2.Does the writer tell how the changes have improved or will improve his/her life?3.Is the text well-organised?4.Does the writer use words and expressions to show similarities and differences?5.Are there any grammar or spelling errors?6.Does the writer use correct punctuation?
Step 3 Meaning1. 過去將來時表示從過去某一時間來看將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài), 常用在賓語從句中。一般由“would/should +動詞原形”構(gòu)成。She hoped that they would meet again someday. 她希望將來有一天他們能再見面。2. was/were going to+動詞原形: 表示過去將要發(fā)生或很有可能發(fā)生的動作, 常用于口語中, 表示預(yù)言、意圖或者打算等。He was going to start work the following week. 他打算下星期開始工作。3. was/were about to do: 常用來表示即將發(fā)生的動作, “剛要/正要做……”。注意該結(jié)構(gòu)不與任何時間狀語連用。I felt that something terrible was about to happen. 我感到某種可怕的事情即將發(fā)生。4.was/were to do: 表示“曾計劃做某事”, 如果表示“本來計劃做某事, 動作沒實現(xiàn)”, 則需用 “was/were to have done”。She said she was to have told me about the accident. 她說她本來想告訴我關(guān)于事故的事。5.Start, go, come, leave, see, meet等動詞的過去進行時: 表示就過去某一時刻而言即將發(fā)生的動作。She was coming later. 她隨后就來。I had just put on my overcoat and was leaving to visit a friend of mine. 我剛穿上外套要去看我的一個朋友。
? Could you offer me some kind of work here?? I don’t want your charity, I just want an honest job.? Careless: I landed in Britain by accident.Step 7:Consolidation.? Find Henry? Roderick and Oliver were I .making a bet when they saw Henry, a poor young man. ? Know Henry? About a month ago, Henry was sailing and later he found himself carried out to sea by a strong wind. Fortunately, he 2.was spotted by a ship. And it was the ship that brought him to 3.England? Offer money to Henry ? Oliver and Roderick gave Henry a letter and told him that there was money in it. They 4.persuaded him to accept it, and made him 5.promise that it wouldn't be opened until 2 o'clock.Step 8:Language pointsa large amount of: a large quantity of; a great deal ofe.g. They bought a large amount of furniture before they moved their new house.make a bet: make an arrangement to risk money, etc. on an event of which the result is doubtful.e.g. We made a bet on the result of the match.permit sb to do something: allow somebody to do somethinge.g. My mother doesn’t permit me to ride in the street after it rained.by accident: as a result of chancee.g. I only found it by accident.stare at: look at somebody or something with the eyes wide open in a fixed gaze( in astonishment, wonder, fear, etc)to be honest: to tell you the truth; to be franke.g. To be honest, I don’t think we have a chance of winning.Step7 Homework:What do you think will happen to Henry? Will the bank-note help him or get him into trouble?
Everybody wants to get wealth.In today’s material world,making money or becoming wealthy symbolizes a person’s success and capability. Many people just make every effort, pay any price to attain greater wealth. With money,they can buy nice, large apartments in nice neighborhood. With money they can own luxurious cars. Wealth seems to bring all happiness in life.But is wealth the only road to happiness? Not really. There are many things in the world, which are beyond the means of money, such as friendship, love, health and knowledge. People are so preoccupied with struggling for money that they have no time or would not take the time to form or maintain friendship. What happiness can they feel living as lonely miserable creatures without love or friends in the world even if they accumulate tremendous wealth?In my opinion, people can’t do anything without money, but money is not everything. What money will bring you depends on your personal belief and goal in life. If you are kind enough to help others, especially the poor, money is a good thing to you. With it, you can do much more for the benefit of people and your country, and it will add to your own happiness. If you want money just for your own needs, you’ll never be satisfied or happy. In a word,you should have money spent for more people. Only then can money be the source of your happiness.Step 8 Homework4 students in a group, one acts Roderick, one Oliver, one servant and the fourth one acts Henry Adams, then listen to the tape, pay more attention to the difference between American English and British English in pronunciation, stress, tone.
【參考范文】Narrator:(Henry is smiling as he leaves the restaurant. As he is walking down the street, he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to get it cut. )H=Henry;B=Barber;R=rude manH:Good afternoon, I'd like to get a cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry's hair and continues cutting another man's hair. )Er, I'd really like a haircut. As you can see it's much too long. B:(in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H:Fine, well I'll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber's chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B:It's quite expensive here, you know!Are you sure you can afford it?H:Yes. I think so. (In comes the rude man. )R:Hey you there. I need a haircut quickly. Can you do me straightaway?B:All right, then, get in the chair and I'll see what I can do. R:Thank you. (sits down in one of the barber's chairs)H:Excuse me, but I was here first. Aren't you going to do my hair first?B:This man's in a hurry. H:Well so am I!I insist that you cut my hair first. B:OK, but I'll have to be quick. This gentleman is waiting. H:Thank you. (They both become quiet. After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B:Why, Mr . . . (looks shocked)H:Adams. Henry Adams. I'm sorry, I don't have any change. R:You're that Mr Adams! Well,I'm glad I waited or I might never have known it was you. B:Why, Mr Adams, please don't worry!(wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about!Nothing at all!Please come back any time, even if you only need too little hairs cut!It will be my honour to serve you!
盡管如此,農(nóng)民工作為一個新的社會階層,其獨特的經(jīng)濟需求和政治訴求應(yīng)該得到充分的尊重。雖然農(nóng)民工的“根”還在農(nóng)村,但是他們已經(jīng)脫胎換骨,日益成長為一個迫切需要社會認可的新興階層。3.農(nóng)民工處于何種生存境況?作為“廉價勞動力”,工資水平低,拖欠時有發(fā)生。作為“超時勞動力”,工作時間極長,超負荷從事繁重工作。作為“高危勞動力”,社會保障缺失,各種安全事故頻繁。4.農(nóng)民工問題有多么重要?農(nóng)民工問題關(guān)系到農(nóng)業(yè)增效、農(nóng)民增收和農(nóng)村繁榮。農(nóng)民工問題關(guān)系到工業(yè)化、城鎮(zhèn)化和“以工補農(nóng)、以城促鄉(xiāng)”。農(nóng)民工問題關(guān)系到社會主義和諧社會建設(shè)。5.解決農(nóng)民工問題應(yīng)該做些什么?構(gòu)建城鄉(xiāng)一體化就業(yè)體系。健全農(nóng)民工權(quán)益保障制度。強化農(nóng)民工輸出地和輸入地培訓(xùn)。穩(wěn)妥解決農(nóng)民工戶籍問題。改進對農(nóng)民工的管理和服務(wù)。
1.通過對德國魯爾工業(yè)區(qū)、我國的遼中南工業(yè)區(qū)的案例分析和比較,讓學(xué)生理解傳統(tǒng)工業(yè)地域形成的主要區(qū)位條件和衰落的原因;2.結(jié)合魯爾工業(yè)區(qū)產(chǎn)生的環(huán)境污染等局面,理解工業(yè)生產(chǎn)活動對地理環(huán)境的影響,并探討綜合整治的措施;3.通過對意大利中部和東北部工業(yè)區(qū)、美國“硅谷”的案例分析和比較,讓學(xué)生理解新工業(yè)地域形成的主要區(qū)位條件和衰落的原因;4.結(jié)合新工業(yè)地域和地理環(huán)境的關(guān)系,加深學(xué)生對工業(yè)生產(chǎn)活動對地理環(huán)境的影響的理解?!窘虒W(xué)重、難點及解決辦法】重點:分析工業(yè)區(qū)位因素,舉例說明工業(yè)地域的形成條件與發(fā)展特點難點:結(jié)合實例說明工業(yè)生產(chǎn)活動對地理環(huán)境的影響解決方法:比較歸納法 知識遷移應(yīng)用 案例分析法 自主學(xué)習(xí)與合作探究 【教學(xué)準(zhǔn)備】多媒體課件缺勤登記: